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Browse the failure-mode index

21,300 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessOtorhinolaryngology

Effect of age on virtual reality-assisted subjective visual vertical and subjective visual horizontal at different head-tilt angles

Ying Cheng, Yuzhong Zhang, Weijun Ma et al. · 2022 · Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

Objective: Subjective Visual Vertical (SVV) and Subjective Visual Horizontal (SVH) values may reflect bilateral utricle asymmetry. Bilateral utricle static tension balance can be used to evaluate bilateral otolith lesions and otolith-related central neuropathy. Few studies have examined Virtual Reality (VR)-assisted SVV and SVH values at various head-tilt angles across age groups. The present study aimed to determine the effects of age on VR-assisted SVV and SVH values at different head-tilt angles. Methods: We divided 180 healthy subjects into 6 age groups (n = 30 in each group). VR-assisted

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases

The Effect of Postpartum Vitamin A and Beef Liver supplementation on Infant Acute Respiratory Infection and Diarrhea

Arvina Dian Wahyu Permatasari, Didik Gunawan Tamtomo, Budiyanti Wiboworini · 2024 · International Journal of Nutrition Sciences

Background: In Indonesia, Acute respiratory infection (ARI) and diarrhea-related morbidity and mortality in children less than five years old still remain a significant public health concern. In this relation, energy, protein, zinc, and vitamins C, B, D, E, and A are essential nutrients to mitigate morbidity and mortality. Vitamin A was shown to play a crucial role in human development, growth, and immune function that can protect infants against infectious diseases such as ARI and diarrhea. So this study aimed to compare the effect of beef liver and vitamin A supplementation for breastfeeding

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDentistry

Morphometric analysis of infraorbital canal using digital panoramic radiograph and proposing new classification

Chandramani B More, Palak H Shah · 2018 · Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology

Background: The infraorbital canal is one of the important anatomic structures present in the panoramic radiographic image which shows different radiographic presentations. Aim: To study the morphology of infraorbital canal on digital panoramic radiograph. Materials and Methods: The total of 1000 digital panoramic radiographs were selected from archives of the department after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Each radiograph was then analyzed for morphological study based on Scarfe et al. classification. The collected data were statistically analyzed by using descriptive statis

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessInfectious and parasitic diseases

Comparative field evaluation of kelambu traps, barrier screens and barrier screens with eaves for longitudinal surveillance of adult Anopheles mosquitoes in Sulawesi, Indonesia

Jenna R. Davidson, Isra Wahid, Rusdiyah Sudirman et al. · 2019 · Parasites & Vectors

Abstract Background Sampling methodologies for mosquitoes that are capable of transmitting vector-borne infectious diseases provide critical information on entomological endpoints. Reliable and meaningful field data is vital to the understanding of basic vector biology as well as disease transmission. Various traps take advantage of different vector behaviors and are inevitably subject to sampling biases. This study represents the first comparison of kelambu traps (KT) to barrier screens (BS), barrier screens with eaves (BSE) and indoor and outdoor human landing catches (HLCs). Methods Two tra

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPathology

Comparative study of hematological parameters among smokers and nonsmokers in Basra city, Iraq

Safa Mohammed Hussein, Huda Hasan Aziz, Wurood Hameed Abed et al. · 2024 · Human Pathology Reports

Background: Hematological parameters are significantly affected by both immediate and prolonged exposure to smoking. The objective of this investigation is to evaluate the influence of cigarette smoking on hematological parameters among male students enrolled at Basrah University in Iraq. Methods: The study comprised a total of seventy male participants, divided into two groups: smokers (n = 35) and nonsmokers (n = 35). Each participant provided a 5 ml venous blood sample to analyze the complete blood count using a hematology analyzer (Spinreact, Spincell 3). Results: Cigarette smokers exhibit

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessOphthalmology

The measurement of intraocular pressure over positive soft contact lenses by rebound tonometry

Fabrizio Zeri, Mario De Cusatis, Luigi Lupelli et al. · 2016 · Journal of Optometry

Purpose: To investigate if the accuracy of intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements using rebound tonometry over disposable hydrogel (etafilcon A) contact lenses (CL) is affected by the positive power of the CLs. Methods: The experimental group comprised 26 subjects, (8 male, 18 female). IOP measurements were undertaken on the subjects’ right eyes in random order using a Rebound Tonometer (ICare). The CLs had powers of +2.00 D and +6.00 D. Measurements were taken over each contact lens and also before and after the CLs had been worn. Results: The IOP measure obtained with both CLs was significa

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine (General)

Failure to replicate the internal structure of Greek-specific thalassemia quality of life instrument in adult thalassemia patients in Sabah

Keowmani T, Lee LWL · 2016 · Patient Preference and Adherence

Thamron Keowmani,1 Lily Wong Lee Lee21Clinical Research Centre, 2Hematology Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, MalaysiaPurpose: To study the validity and reliability of the Malay version of the Specific Thalassemia Quality of Life Instrument (STQOLI) in Sabah’s adult thalassemia patients.Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study was done at Thalassemia Treatment Centre, Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Sabah, Malaysia. Eighty-two adult thalassemia patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were conveniently selected for participation in the study. Th

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDiseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system

Outcomes of minimally invasive isolated tricuspid valve repair and replacement through right mini-thoracotomyCentral MessagePerspective

Ahmed Alnajar, MD, MSPH, Subhasis Chatterjee, MD, Jacqueline K. Olive, MD et al. · 2024 · JTCVS Open

Objective: Isolated tricuspid valve surgery is uncommon and associated with high perioperative morbidity and mortality. We aimed to study the overall outcomes of patients who underwent minimally invasive right thoracotomy tricuspid valve surgery (Mini-TVS), consisting of either tricuspid valve repair (TVre) or replacement (TVR). Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all Mini-TVS procedures (2017-2022), through which we identified isolated tricuspid valve surgeries. We examined in-hospital outcomes, survival analysis over a 4-year period, and competing risk analysis for reoperative

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSurgery

Correlation between Spinal Coronal Profile and Proximal Femur Bone Mineral Density in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Ali Andalib · 2016 · Global Spine Journal

Introduction Although Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis patients have lower Bone Mineral Density (BMD) but relationship between BMD and curve pattern, intensity of curve, or its progress in these patients is controversial. Some studies have shown a significant difference between left and right proximal femur BMDs in AIS patients. Since the curve pattern relationship with density of bilateral proximal femur has not been identified, this study aims to investigate the relationship between Spinal Coronal Profile and differences in BMD on either sides of proximal femur in patients with AIS. Material

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSports

The Investigation of the Effect of 8-Week Walking Football Activity on Life Satisfaction and Heart Rate Variability in Elderly Men

Ülküm Erdoğan Yüce, Özcan Saygın · 2023 · Spor Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of walking football applied to elderly male sedentary individuals on life satisfaction and heart rate variability. 22 male volunteers whose physical activity level was determined by International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were included to this study. Volunteers were divided into 11 exercise groups and 11 control groups by random sampling. While the control group had no activity participation, the exercise group performed a 20-minute warm-up, they played 60 minutes of walking football, and they performed a 10-minute cool down. This was

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Comparison of Transvaginal Ultrasonography and Hysteroscopy in the Diagnosis of Endometrial Polyp in Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding

Chia Hassan Ali, Rozhan Yassin Khalil · 2025 · Advanced Medical Journal

Background and objectives: Various methods and devices are currently applicable to diagnose endometrial polyps with different outcomes. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of trans-vaginal ultra-sonography in relation to the rigid hysteroscopy in the diagnosis of endometrial polyps in patients with abnormal vaginal bleeding. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 70 female patients with endometrial polyps at Sulaimani Maternity Teaching Hospital, Iraq, from May 01, 2022 to May 01, 2023. A well-designed questionnaire including the patient's age, gender, residency, educational level,

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics

Los Angeles megacity: a high-resolution land–atmosphere modelling system for urban CO 2 emissions

S. Feng, S. Feng, S. Feng et al. · 2016 · Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Megacities are major sources of anthropogenic fossil fuel CO 2 (FFCO 2 ) emissions. The spatial extents of these large urban systems cover areas of 10 000 km 2 or more with complex topography and changing landscapes. We present a high-resolution land–atmosphere modelling system for urban CO 2 emissions over the Los Angeles (LA) megacity area. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)-Chem model was coupled to a very high-resolution FFCO 2 emission product, Hestia-LA, to simulate atmospheric CO 2 concentrations across the LA megacity at spatial resolutions as fine as ∼ 1 km. We evaluated multi

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine

Clinical outcome and safety of selective renal artery embolization using permanent occlusive agents for acute renal bleeding

Mohamed S. Alwarraky, Mohamed M. Abdallah, Mohamed S. Elgharbawy · 2020 · The Egyptian Journal of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine

Abstract Background To evaluate how far is selective renal artery embolization (RAE) using permanent agents effective in treating acute renal artery bleeding. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients (n = 45) with renal bleeding who were managed by selective RAE using coils, N-butyl-cyanoacrylate glue (NBCA glue), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Data retrieved included the cause, number, and type of the bleeding lesions as well as the results of the embolization for 1 year after RAE. Clinical success was the primary outcome while re-bleeding and complications were the secondary

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurology. Diseases of the nervous system

Clinical characteristics and prognosis analysis of acute symptomatic seizures secondary to autoimmune encephalitis

Mengyun Li, Qing Zhang, Xu Wang et al. · 2024 · Frontiers in Neurology

ObjectiveThis study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with autoimmune encephalitis (PWAE) who experienced seizures during the acute phase.MethodsClinical data were collected from 84 patients diagnosed with AE at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University between January 2015 and January 2023. Patients were divided into seizure and non-seizure groups. Clinical characteristics of both groups were compared, including differences between anti-NMDAR and anti-LGI1 encephalitis within the seizure group. Due to the limited sample size and to avoid overfitt

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurology. Diseases of the nervous system

A binational study of the association between white matter hyperintensities and functional outcome in stroke patients

Eva B. Aamodt, Martin Røvang, Mona K. Beyer et al. · 2026 · Frontiers in Neurology

BackgroundMeasures of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) represent a crucial part of post-stroke outcome prediction. Automatic WMH segmentation has proven particularly challenging in stroke cases. Using an improved method for WMH segmentation that incorporates stroke lesions, we set out to explore factors associated with higher WMH burden, as well as the association between WMH burden and post-stroke dependency across two different countries that may demonstrate significant variation in radiological presentation.MethodsA total of 384 acute ischemic stroke (AIS) survivors from the Norwegian C

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBusiness

Pembingkaian Pesan Dan Persepsi Risiko Psikologis Pada Isu Konsumen Hijau

Euis Soliha, H. Sophiyanto Wuryan · 2016 · Jurnal Manajemen Teori dan Terapan

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of the message framing on the perceived psychological risk on green environmental issues. Consumers nowadays have become more critical about issues on green consumer due to the increasing levels of consumers’ knowledge. Government and marketers also should perform active movement to increase consumers’ awareness of their environment. Those include giving a message to the consumers. When marketers deliver the message, they need to concern about message framing. Message framing is likely to influence the consumer's perception. Research design

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNursing

The impact of training on the application of palliative methods for labor pain reduction

Geranmayeh M, Rezaeipour A, Haghani H et al. · 2006 · حیات

Background & Aim: The severe pain of labor is the important cause of fear and anxiety in pregnant women. This study has been performed to evaluate effect of education on midwives practice. Methods & Materials: This is a quasi-experimental study. That was done 59 midwives in the labor wards of non-educational of Guilan University of Medical Sciences Hospital. Data gathered by a questioner, which its validity was done by panel of experts and reliability by test-retest. 59 midwives were chosen by quota sampling and participated in a one-day workshop. Pretest and post-test questioner completed bef

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurology. Diseases of the nervous system

Comparison of Compliance Rates and Classification of Epileptic Seizures with ILAE 1981, Lüders, ILAE 2001 Epilepsy Classification Systems, Before and After Their Monitorization

Akçay ÖVÜNÇ ÖZÖN, Erhan BİLİR · 2015 · Archives of Epilepsy

Objectives:Epileptic seizures diagnosed wth clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) signs were classified according to ILAE 1981, Lüders, and ILAE 2001 systems in the present study, the aim of which was to compare classification systems by means of preictal and postictal consistency, and to determine deficiencies of the classification systems.Methods:In the present study, 50 patients who had epileptic seizures during monitorization were evaluated by a single observer at the Gazi University Medical Faculty Long-Term Video-EEG Monitorization Unit between March 2003 and September 2004. Seizure

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Manipulating self and other schemas to explore psychological processes associated with paranoid beliefs: an online experimental study

Anton P. Martinez, Elizabeth Milne, Georgina Rowse et al. · 2025 · Frontiers in Psychology

BackgroundInformation about the self and others is organized in cognitive-affective structures that influence and guide interpersonal behavior. These structures are referred to as relational schemas and are thought to be influenced by early interpersonal experiences with significant others leading to secure or insecure attachment patterns as adults. When insecure, these patterns appear to contribute to paranoid interpretations about the intentions of others by indirect pathways such as negative self-esteem and a bias toward untrustworthiness. Experimental studies employing classical conditioni

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessConsciousness. Cognition

Is Mental Effort Exertion Contagious? A Replication Study

Alessandro Mazza, Ellen Voorrips, Gethin Hughes et al. · 2025 · Journal of Cognition

Daily, we perform activities in the presence of others (e.g., office work). While it’s well-established that the mere presence of others can influence our performance, it is less clear whether others’ performance, rather than just their presence, influences us. To address this, we replicated Desender et al.’s (2016) study, Is mental effort contagious?, and conducted a second experiment to follow up on our failure to replicate their findings. Desender et al. (2016) used a modified joint Simon task where two participants performed side by side. The manipulated participant completed an easy (most

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry

Changes in H-Reflex Recruitment After Trans-Spinal Direct Current Stimulation With Multiple Electrode Configurations

Alexander Kuck, Alexander Kuck, Dick F. Stegeman et al. · 2018 · Frontiers in Neuroscience

Trans-spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) is an electro-modulatory tool with possible application in the rehabilitation of spinal cord injury. TsDCS generates a small electric field, aiming to induce lasting, functional neuromodulation in the targeted neuronal networks. Earlier studies have shown significant modulatory effects after application of lumbar tsDCS. However, for clinical application, a better understanding of application specific factors is required. Our goal was to investigate the effect of different electrode configurations using lumbar spinal tsDCS on spinal excitability.

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Early Maladaptive Schemas’ Associations with Big-Five Personality Traits in Two Non-Clinical Adult Samples from Different Cultural Backgrounds

Aiste Dirzyte, Aidas Perminas, Aiste Skarnulyte et al. · 2024 · European Journal of Mental Health

Introduction: While personality traits and early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) can affect an individual’s behavior and well-being, the links between these constructs are under-researched, especially in non-clinical samples. Aims: Two studies were conducted to address these links, intending to explore their specifics, as previous research evidenced various associations’ models. Methods: In Study 1, the sample consisted of 120 respondents (65.0% females) living in the UK and the USA. In Study 2, the sample consisted of 244 respondents (68.0% females) living in Lithuania. In both studies, most of th

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Genome-wide association study of vitamin D concentrations and bone mineral density in the African American-Diabetes Heart Study.

Nicholette D Palmer, Lingyi Lu, Thomas C Register et al. · 2021 · PLoS ONE

Relative to European Americans, African Americans have lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) concentrations, higher 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3) concentrations and bone mineral density (BMD), and paradoxically reduced burdens of calcified atherosclerotic plaque (subclinical atherosclerosis). To identify genetic factors contributing to vitamin D and BMD measures, association analysis of >14M variants was conducted in a maximum of 697 African American-Diabetes Heart Study participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The most significant association signals w

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Circulating inflammatory biomarkers and risk of intracranial aneurysm: a Mendelian randomization study

Jianxun Fang, Yuze Cao, Jun Ni · 2024 · European Journal of Medical Research

Abstract Background Intracranial aneurysm (IA) accounts for a substantial source of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, with inflammation postulated as a potential factor in its pathogenesis. The present study aims at evaluating the association between circulating inflammatory cytokines and risk of IA under a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design. Methods For primary analysis, summary statistics of inflammatory regulators was obtained from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) comprising 8293 Finnish participants. Summary data of IA were extracted from a GWAS which c

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Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessMedicine

Genetic variants associated with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury.

Nicholas J Douville, Lisa Bastarache, Emily Bertucci-Richter et al. · 2024 · PLoS ONE

Background Kidney dysfunction is a common complication in septic patients. Studies have identified numerous risk factors for sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI), yet there is wide variability in the incidence even among patients with similar risk factors, suggesting the presence of additional uncharacterized risk factors, including genetic differences. The expansion of biobanks, advances in genotyping, and standardized diagnostic criteria have enabled large-scale, hypothesis-generating studies into the genetic mechanisms underlying S-AKI. We hypothesize that the genetic pathway behin

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The (non-)replicability of regulatory resource depletion: A field report employing non-invasive brain stimulation.

Franziska Emmerling, Carolien Martijn, Hugo J E M Alberts et al. · 2017 · PLoS ONE

Cognitive effort and self-control are exhausting. Although evidence is ambiguous, behavioural studies have repeatedly suggested that control-demanding tasks seem to deplete a limited cache of self-regulatory resources leading to performance degradations and fatigue. While resource depletion has indirectly been associated with a decline in right prefrontal cortex capacity, its precise neural underpinnings have not yet been revealed. This study consisted of two independent experiments, which set out to investigate the causal role of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in a classic d

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Workspace Disorder Does Not Influence Creativity and Executive Functions

Alberto Manzi, Yana Durmysheva, Shannon K. Pinegar et al. · 2019 · Frontiers in Psychology

Recent research by Vohs et al. (2013) garnered media attention after reporting that disordered environments increase creativity. The present research was designed to conceptually replicate and extend this finding by exploring the effect of workspace disorder on creativity. Participants were randomly assigned to work at a neatly organized (Order condition) or a messy desk (Disorder condition), where they completed several paper-and-pencil and computerized tasks, including two validated creativity measures (Abbreviated Torrance Test for Adults; ATTA; Goff and Torrance, 2002; Alternative Uses Tas

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Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry

5′-upstream variants of CRHR1 and MAPT genes associated with age at onset in progressive supranuclear palsy and cortical basal degeneration

Carlos Cruchaga, Jose M. Vidal-Taboada, Mario Ezquerra et al. · 2009 · Neurobiology of Disease

Two different H1 sub-haplotypes at chromosome 17q21, H1C and H1E′A, have been associated with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and cortical basal degeneration (CBD). We analyzed the SNPs included in the H1C and H1E′A haplotypes in a large Spanish PSP/CBD series and their interaction with age at onset (AAO). Survival analysis of rs1880753 marker was consistently associated with disease risk and with an earlier age at onset under an additive model. Its location at 160 kb and 50 kb upstream of tau and CRHR1 genes, respectively, suggests that it might act as a cis-element that regulates gene e

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Does incidental pride increase competency evaluation of others who appear careless? Discrete positive emotions and impression formation.

Toshiki Saito, Kosuke Motoki, Rui Nouchi et al. · 2019 · PLoS ONE

Emotion plays important and diverse roles across various social relations. Although the social functions of emotion have attracted increased attention, the effects of positive emotions such as pride on impression formation remain poorly understood. Drawing on social projection theory, this study examined how incidental experiences of pride influenced the impressions of those who made a blunder, along with two other characteristics: the person's warmth and competence. Participants were designated randomly to receive inductions of pride, awe, or a neutral emotion. Subsequently, they were asked t

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Does willpower mindset really moderate the ego-depletion effect? A preregistered replication of Job, Dweck, and Walton (2010).

Nicholas P Carruth, Jairo A Ramos, Akira Miyake · 2023 · PLoS ONE

This article reports a preregistered study in which we attempted to replicate the results of an influential study on the ego-depletion effect reported by Job, Dweck, and Walton in 2010. The original Job et al. study (Study 1, N = 60) provided evidence that the ego-depletion effect-a performance decrease on a self-control task after performing another self-control task-occurs only for individuals who hold a belief that their willpower is limited. This moderation of the ego-depletion effect by one's willpower mindset (limited vs. nonlimited) has been interpreted as evidence against a prevalent l

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