Abandoned HypothesisOpen accessMedicine
Richard Parker, Gene Y. Im, Fiona Jones et al. · 2017 · Journal of Gastroenterology
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have described the clinical impact of infection in alcoholic hepatitis (AH) but none have comprehensively explored the aetiopathogenesis of infection in this setting. We examined the causes, consequences and treatment of infection in a cohort of patients with AH. METHODS: We undertook a retrospective cohort study of patients with AH admitted between 2009 and 2014 to seven centres in Europe and the USA. Clinical and microbiological data were extracted from medical records. Survival was analysed with Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards analysis to cont
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Kariem Ezzat, Andrea Sturchio, Alberto J. Espay · 2022 · Biology
Protein aggregation into amyloid fibrils affects many proteins in a variety of diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, and cancer. Physicochemically, amyloid formation is a phase transition process, where soluble…
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Nicholas Smith, Darby Vickers · 2021 · Ethics and Information Technology
Abstract As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes ubiquitous, it will be increasingly involved in novel, morally significant situations. Thus, understanding what it means for a machine to be morally responsible is important for machine…
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A. S. Santoro, M. G. Cooper, A. Cheng · 2012 · Anaesthesia and Intensive Care
A ‘can't intubate, can't oxygenate’ scenario in a child is fortunately extremely rare. We report a case of this life-threatening event in a four-year-old boy suffering from a rare genetic disorder, fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva. He…
View details →Abandoned HypothesisBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Kirstin R.W. Matthews, Ana S. Iltis · 2019 · Accountability in Research
After the announcement that a scientist genetically altered human embryos and implanted them for gestation last November, the increased discussion has revolved around the ethical lapses that occurred in the process. The scientist, He…
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Frederick CHOO, Esther GOH · 2019 · International Journal of Theology, Philosophy and Science
Alvin Plantinga has famously responded to the logical problem of evil by appealing to the intrinsic value of significant free will. A problem, however, arises because traditional theists believe that both God and the redeemed who go to…
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Kenji Ikehara · 2022 · Life
One of the problems that make it difficult to solve the mystery of the origin of life is determining how life emerged in chemically complex messy environments on primitive Earth. In this article, the “chemically complex messy environments”…
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William Vincent · 2026 · Analysis
Abstract The doctrine of divine simplicity says that God is not composed of parts (physical or metaphysical). Modal collapse arguments aim to show that the necessary co-existence of God and creation follows from the doctrine. As noted by…
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Theo van Holten · 2023 · Qeios
Emergent Quantum Mechanics (Em.QM) is defined here as the attempt to bridge the gap between quantum and classical mechanics, and to restore causality to the atomic world. An example described in the paper shows how a conspiracy of the…
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Jo-Anne Cappeluti · 2012 · Philosophy and Literature
John Keats’s subject in Endymion is the imagination operating on the failed reader: the neutral or adolescent intellect that ultimately denies the transcendence it experiences; failing to mature, willfully remaining adolescent. Keats’s…
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Julia Casañas Cast · 2020 · Royal Conservatoire Research Portal
Many classical musicians can suffer from tension and nervousness during solo performance. This research looks at how practicing improvisation and creative body movement, as well as creating one’s own performance together with a dancer, can…
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Timothy Schrire, Ahmed Emam, Giulia Colavitti et al. · 2021 · British Journal of Surgery
Abstract Introduction In modern medicine, free flap reconstruction has become the gold standard when faced with soft tissue defects. The impressive cosmesis, and adaptability of free flaps means that we can securely state that we are in…
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Lalande AT, Eltis LD · 2026 · Current opinion in biotechnology
Formaldehyde is a toxic metabolite generated in the bacterial catabolism of lignin-derived aromatic compounds (LDACs) through the oxidative O-demethylation of methoxylated aromatics. Microbial cell factories designed to convert LDACs to…
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Joseph Bevelacqua · 2024 · Qeios
The linear non-threshold (LNT) hypothesis is based on the premise that the smallest amount of ionizing radiation produces a biological detriment. It implies that exposure to low-dose radiation be minimized. The LNT approach causes fear and…
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Yegon Kim, Hyunsu Kim, Gyeonghoon Ko et al. · 2025 · arXiv
Accurately solving partial differential equations (PDEs) is critical to understanding complex scientific and engineering phenomena, yet traditional numerical solvers are computationally expensive. Surrogate models offer a more efficient alternative, but their development is hindered by the cost of generating sufficient training data from numerical solvers. In this paper, we present a novel framework for active learning in PDE surrogate modeling that reduces this cost. Unlike the existing AL methods for PDEs that always acquire entire PDE trajectories, our approach, STAP (**S**elective **T**ime
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Kiarn T. Laverick, Howard M. Wiseman, Hossien T. Dinani et al. · 2017 · arXiv
The problem of measuring a time-varying phase, even when the statistics of the variation is known, is considerably harder than that of measuring a constant phase. In particular, the usual bounds on accuracy - such as the $1/(4\bar{n})$ standard quantum limit with coherent states - do not apply. Here, restricting to coherent states, we are able to analytically obtain the achievable accuracy - the equivalent of the standard quantum limit - for a wide class of phase variation. In particular, we consider the case where the phase has Gaussian statistics and a power-law spectrum equal to $κ^{p-1}/|ω
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Nikhil N. Verma · 2016 · Arthroscopy
Abstract Identification of symptomatic long head biceps pathology continues to be a clinical challenge. Magnetic resonance imaging may fail to identify symptomatic lesions when present. Clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion,…
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Constance Catrone · 2021 · Journal of Psychosocial Studies
The deleterious impact of the school-to-prison pipeline (STPP) on minority youth in the United States, as well as the underlying sociocultural and political factors contributing to the pipeline, are well established. While the literature…
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Yuanshan Li · 2025 · Synthese
Abstract Probabilism holds that rational credence functions are probability functions defined over some probability space $$(\Omega, \mathcal{F}, P)$$ . According to some recent philosophical arguments, in some situations, rational…
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Manuel Boissenin · 2024 · International Journal on Cybernetics & Informatics
With Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibiting astounding abilities in human language processing and generation, a crucial debate has emerged: do they truly understand what they process and can they be conscious? While the nature of…
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S. J. van Enk · 2018 · arXiv
The phase factor $(-1)^{2s}$ that features in the exchange symmetry for identical spin-$s$ fermions or bosons is not simply and automatically equal to the phase factor one can observe in an interference experiment that involves physically exchanging two such particles. The observable phase contains, in general, single-particle geometric and dynamical phases as well, induced by both spin and spatial exchange transformations. By extending the analysis to (non-abelian) anyons it is argued that, similarly, there are single-anyon geometric and dynamical contributions in addition to purely topologic
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Vincenzo Marra, Luca Reggio · 2015 · arXiv
It has been known since the work of Duskin and Pelletier four decades ago that KH^op, the category opposite to compact Hausdorff spaces and continuous maps, is monadic over the category of sets. It follows that KH^op is equivalent to a possibly infinitary variety of algebras V in the sense of Slominski and Linton. Isbell showed in 1982 that the Lawvere-Linton algebraic theory of V can be generated using a finite number of finitary operations, together with a single operation of countably infinite arity. In 1983, Banaschewski and Rosicky independently proved a conjecture of Bankston, establishi
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Valerie Keller · 2023 · Frontiers in Sociology
This article explored the ways in which living with dementia brings potentials to queer the concept of “successful aging” and associated notions of being human. Regarding the progressive development of dementia, it can be assumed that…
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Ling Xie · 2023 · Annals of Mathematics and Physics
In the History of mathematics of mankind, some strange symbols appeared when dealing with some mathematical problems, which were defined as imaginary numbers by mankind. The imaginary number has been idle for a long time since it was…
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Aigen Li, J. Mayo Greenberg, Gang Zhao · 2002 · arXiv
The {\it assumption of additive absorptivity} by different components in compound particles is a widely used method applied in the literature to the analysis of the chemical and structural properties of astronomical (circumstellar, interstellar, protostellar, and cometary) silicates as well as other materials. The errors intrinsic in this additivity assumption, which, in application to astronomical spectra, amounts in some case to {\it spectrum subtraction} have not always been adequately considered in previous works on silicate mineralogy. The failings in the ``{\it spectrum subtraction metho
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Sarah Derouin · 2019 · Eos
A new theory suggests that nitrogenase from cyanobacteria could be the reason oxygen levels remained low after the Great Oxidation Event.
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Mark Levine · 2026 · Humanities and Social Sciences
Artificial Intelligence is no longer a subject of science fiction. It is being used in many fields to perform an infinite number of tasks. Some even use AI to create music. This paper examines the fundamental inability of artificial…
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Rachel Landy · 2025 · SSRN Electronic Journal
Music soundtracks our lives, supports over two million domestic jobs annually, and is being listened to more than ever before. The record industry is thriving, having made over $17 billion in 2024. Yet, many professional artists…
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Chabalout, Chaudhry, Inanc et al. · 2026 · Cureus
Amiodarone is a widely used antiarrhythmic agent. Pulmonary toxicity is its most feared non-cardiac complication and is classically associated with high doses and prolonged duration of therapy. We report a case of early-onset amiodarone…
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Nikhil N. Verma · 2016 · Arthroscopy
Abstract There is considerable current interest in the role of the anterolateral ligament in persistent instability after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The normal ligament may be identified using magnetic resonance imaging or…
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