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Browse the failure-mode index

21,222 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMathematics

Increasing efficiency of preclinical research by group sequential designs

Konrad Neumann, Ulrike Grittner, Sophie K. Piper et al. · 2017 · PLoS Biology

Despite the potential benefits of sequential designs, studies evaluating treatments or experimental manipulations in preclinical experimental biomedicine almost exclusively use classical block designs. Our aim with this article is to bring the existing methodology of group sequential designs to the attention of researchers in the preclinical field and to clearly illustrate its potential utility. Group sequential designs can offer higher efficiency than traditional methods and are increasingly used in clinical trials. Using simulation of data, we demonstrate that group sequential designs have t

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Occupational exposure and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in a prospective cohort

Tom Koeman, Pauline Slottje, Leo J. Schouten et al. · 2017 · Occupational and Environmental Medicine

OBJECTIVE: To prospectively study suspected occupational risk factors for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). METHODS: For this case-cohort analysis within the prospective Netherlands Cohort Study, 58 279 men and 62 573 women aged 55-69…

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Negative / Null Result Report

Re-analysis of the 267 GHz ALMA observations of Venus

I. A. G. Snellen, L. Guzman-Ramirez, M. R. Hogerheijde et al. · 2020 · Astronomy & Astrophysics

Context. ALMA observations of Venus at 267 GHz that show the apparent presence of phosphine (PH 3 ) in its atmosphere have been presented in the literature. Phosphine currently has no evident production routes on the planet’s surface or in…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

The Gut-Brain Axis in Healthy Females: Lack of Significant Association between Microbial Composition and Diversity with Psychiatric Measures

Susan C. Kleiman, Emily Bulik-Sullivan, Elaine M. Glenny et al. · 2017 · PLoS ONE

OBJECTIVE: This study examined associations between the composition and diversity of the intestinal microbiota and measures of depression, anxiety, eating disorder psychopathology, stress, and personality in a group of healthy adult females. METHODS: Female participants (n = 91) ages 19-50 years with BMI 18.5-25 kg/m2 were recruited from central North Carolina between July 2014 and March 2015. Participants provided a single fecal sample and completed an online psychiatric questionnaire that included five measures: (i) Beck Anxiety Inventory; (ii) Beck Depression Inventory-II; (iii) Eating Diso

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Time to Reperfusion in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients With vs. Without Pre-Hospital Mobile Telemedicine 12-Lead Electrocardiogram Transmission

Shoji Kawakami, Yoshio Tahara, Teruo Noguchi et al. · 2016 · Circulation Journal

BACKGROUND: Prehospital ECG improves survival following ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Although a new International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Lymph Node Dissection in Curative Gastrectomy for Advanced Gastric Cancer

Shigeyuki Tamura, Atsushi Takeno, Hirofumi Miki · 2011 · International Journal of Surgical Oncology

Gastric cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Surgical resection with lymph node dissection is the only potentially curative therapy for gastric cancer. However, the appropriate extent of lymph node dissection accompanied by gastrectomy for cancer remains controversial. In East Asian countries, especially in Japan and Korea, D2 lymph node dissection has been regularly performed as a standard procedure. In Western countries, surgeons perform gastrectomy with D1 dissection only because D2 is associated with high mortality and morbidity compared to those assoc

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessHealth Professions

Variations in Persistent Use of Low-Value Breast Cancer Surgery

Ton Wang, Brooke C. Bredbeck, Brandy Sinco et al. · 2021 · JAMA Surgery

Importance: Through the Choosing Wisely campaign, surgical specialties identified 4 low-value breast cancer operations. Preliminary data suggest varying rates of deimplementation and have identified patient-level and clinician-level…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

No Significant Differences in Muscle Growth and Strength Development When Consuming Soy and Whey Protein Supplements Matched for Leucine Following a 12 Week Resistance Training Program in Men and Women: A Randomized Trial

Heidi Lynch, Matthew P. Buman, Jared M. Dickinson et al. · 2020 · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

There are conflicting reports regarding the efficacy of plant versus animal-derived protein to support muscle and strength development with resistance training. The purpose of this study was to determine whether soy and whey protein supplements matched for leucine would comparably support strength increases and muscle growth following 12 weeks of resistance training. Sixty-one untrained young men (n = 19) and women (n = 42) (18–35 year) enrolled in this study, and 48 completed the trial (17 men, 31 women). All participants engaged in supervised resistance training 3×/week and consumed 19 grams

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Negative / Null Result ReportPsychology

Prospective Cohort Study Investigating Changes in Body Image, Quality of Life, and Self-Esteem Following Minimally Invasive Cosmetic Procedures

Joseph F. Sobanko, Julia Dai, Joel M. Gelfand et al. · 2018 · Dermatologic Surgery

BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive cosmetic injectable procedures are increasingly common. However, a few studies have investigated changes in psychosocial functioning following these treatments. OBJECTIVE: To assess changes in body image,…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Outcomes of Lisfranc Injuries in the National Football League

Kevin J. McHale, Joshua C. Rozell, Andrew H. Milby et al. · 2016 · The American Journal of Sports Medicine

BACKGROUND: Tarsometatarsal (Lisfranc) joint injuries commonly occur in National Football League (NFL) competition; however, the career effect of these injuries is unknown. PURPOSE: To define the time to return to competition for NFL…

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Negative / Null Result ReportSocial Sciences

The Role of Religious Support in Reentry

Richard Stansfield, Thomas J. Mowen, Thomas P. O’Connor et al. · 2016 · Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency

Objective: Research on the relationship between religion and criminal recidivism has produced encouraging but ultimately inconclusive findings. This study offers a new direction for studying the role of religious support in reentry,…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Economic outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention with drug‐eluting stents versus bypass surgery for patients with left main or three‐vessel coronary artery disease: One‐year results from the SYNTAX trial

David J. Cohen, Tara A. Lavelle, Ben van Hout et al. · 2011 · Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of alternative approaches to revascularization for patients with three-vessel or left main coronary artery disease (CAD). BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that, despite higher…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

MicroRNA expression patterns in canine mammary cancer show significant differences between metastatic and non-metastatic tumours

Małgorzata Bulkowska, Agata Rybicka, Kerem Mert Senses et al. · 2017 · BMC Cancer

BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs may act as oncogenes or tumour suppressor genes, which make these small molecules potential diagnostic/prognostic factors and targets for anticancer therapies. Several common oncogenic microRNAs have been found for canine mammary cancer and human breast cancer. On account of this, large-scale profiling of microRNA expression in canine mammary cancer seems to be important for both dogs and humans. METHODS: Expression profiles of 317 microRNAs in 146 canine mammary tumours of different histological type, malignancy grade and clinical history (presence/absence of metastases)

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Phase 2 study of eribulin mesylate as first-line therapy for locally recurrent or metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer

Kristi McIntyre, Joyce O’Shaughnessy, Lee S. Schwartzberg et al. · 2014 · Breast Cancer Research and Treatment

Eribulin mesylate, a novel non-taxane microtubule dynamics inhibitor, is approved for treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in patients who have previously received at least 2 chemotherapeutic regimens for MBC that should have…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Mendelian randomization highlights significant difference and genetic heterogeneity in clinically diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease GWAS and self-report proxy phenotype GWAX

Haijie Liu, Yang Hu, Yan Zhang et al. · 2022 · Alzheimer s Research & Therapy

BACKGROUND: Until now, Mendelian randomization (MR) studies have investigated the causal association of risk factors with Alzheimer's disease (AD) using large-scale AD genome-wide association studies (GWAS), GWAS by proxy (GWAX), and meta-analyses of GWAS and GWAX (GWAS+GWAX) datasets. However, it currently remains unclear about the consistency of MR estimates across these GWAS, GWAX, and GWAS+GWAX datasets. METHODS: Here, we first selected 162 independent educational attainment genetic variants as the potential instrumental variables (N = 405,072). We then selected one AD GWAS dataset (N = 63

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessHealth Professions

The Socioeconomic Determinants of Health: Economic Growth and Health in the OECD Countries during the Last Three Decades

Guillém López i Casasnovas, Marina Soley‐Bori · 2014 · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

In times of economic crisis, most countries face the dual challenge of fighting unemployment while restraining social expenditures and closing budget deficits. The spending cuts and lack of employment affect a large number of decisions that have a direct or indirect impact on health. This impact is likely to be unevenly distributed among different groups within the population, and therefore not only health levels may be at risk, but also their distribution. The main purpose of this paper is to explore links between unemployment, economic growth, inequality, and health. We regress a measure of

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Neither action nor phonological video games make dyslexic children read better

Magdalena Łuniewska, Katarzyna Chyl, Agnieszka Dębska et al. · 2018 · Scientific Reports

The prevalence and long-term consequences of dyslexia make it crucial to look for effective and efficient ways of its therapy. Action video games (AVG) were implied as a possible remedy for difficulties in reading in Italian and English-speaking children. However, the studies examining the effectiveness of AVG application in dyslexia suffered from significant methodological weaknesses such as small sample sizes and lack of a control group with no intervention. In our study, we tested how two forms of training: based on AVG and on phonological non-action video games (PNAVG), affect reading in a

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEconomics, Econometrics and Finance

To Investigation the Relationship between Monetary, Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth in Iran: Autoregressive Distributed Lag Approach to Cointegration

Anvar Khosravi · 2010 · American Journal of Applied Sciences

Problem statement: It is important for policy makers to find affect of monetary and fiscal policy on economic growth and to know how those impacts on growth to present a effective policies. Approach: We apply the bounds testing (ARDL) approach and to cointegration which is more appropriate for estimation in small sample studies. The data span for the study is from 1960-2006, the empirical results found a cointegration relations between Growth, monetary policy and fiscal policy in Iran. Results: The results indicated the impact of Exchange rate and inflation on growth was negative, government e

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The significant effect of the choice of ionic current integration method in cardiac electro‐physiological simulations

Pras Pathmanathan, Gary R. Mirams, James Southern et al. · 2011 · International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering

Abstract Finite element (FE) cardiac electro‐physiology solvers commonly have ionic current determined at mesh nodes but required element interiors. We consider two interpolation approaches: (i) ionic current interpolation (ICI), where nodal ionic currents are linearly interpolated into the element and (ii) state variable interpolation (SVI), where cell model state variables are interpolated instead, from which the ionic current is evaluated. We explain why SVI leads to a method which is massively more computationally demanding than ICI (more than might originally be expected), and then demons

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Comparison of serum and urinary biomarker panels with albumin/creatinine ratio in the prediction of renal function decline in type 1 diabetes

Marco Colombo, Stuart J. McGurnaghan, Luke A. K. Blackbourn et al. · 2020 · Diabetologia

Abstract Aims/hypothesis We examined whether candidate biomarkers in serum or urine can improve the prediction of renal disease progression in type 1 diabetes beyond prior eGFR, comparing their performance with urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR). Methods From the population-representative Scottish Diabetes Research Network Type 1 Bioresource (SDRNT1BIO) we sampled 50% and 25% of those with starting eGFR below and above 75 ml min −1 [1.73 m] −2 , respectively ( N = 1629), and with median 5.1 years of follow-up. Multiplexed ELISAs and single molecule array technology were used to measure nin

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Negative / Null Result Report

A Clinically Significant Difference on the COPM: A Review

Mary Ann McColl, Celine Boyer Denis, Kate-Lin Douglas et al. · 2023 · Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) assists occupational therapists to identify occupational performance problems using a client-centred approach. Since its first publication in 1991, there has been abundant…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Change in Measured GFR Versus eGFR and CKD Outcomes

Elaine Ku, Dawei Xie, Michael G. Shlipak et al. · 2015 · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

Measured GFR (mGFR) has long been considered the gold standard measure of kidney function, but recent studies have shown that mGFR is not consistently superior to eGFR in explaining CKD-related comorbidities. The associations between…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Machine learning-based prediction model for responses of bDMARDs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis

Seulkee Lee, Seonyoung Kang, Yeonghee Eun et al. · 2021 · Arthritis Research & Therapy

BACKGROUND: Few studies on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have generated machine learning models to predict biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) responses; however, these studies included insufficient analysis on important features. Moreover, machine learning is yet to be used to predict bDMARD responses in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Thus, in this study, machine learning was used to predict such responses in RA and AS patients. METHODS: Data were retrieved from the Korean College of Rheumatology Biologics therapy (KOBIO) registry. The number of RA and AS patients in the traini

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