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Browse the failure-mode index

21,239 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase III Study of Paclitaxel ± Napabucasin in Pretreated Advanced Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma

Manish A. Shah, Kohei Shitara, Florian Lordick et al. · 2022 · Clinical Cancer Research

PURPOSE: To compare napabucasin (generator of reactive oxygen species) plus paclitaxel with paclitaxel only in patients with second-line advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: In the…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Comparison of ambulatory capacity and disease progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy subjects enrolled in the drisapersen DMD114673 study with a matched natural history cohort of subjects on daily corticosteroids

Nathalie Goemans, M. Tulinius, Anna‐Karin Kroksmark et al. · 2016 · Neuromuscular Disorders

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a rare genetic disorder with life-limiting pathology. Drisapersen induces exon 51 skipping, thereby producing a shorter but functional dystrophin protein. The longest available data are from an open-label…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences

Technological characterization and survival of the exopolysaccharide-producing strain Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis 193 and its bile-resistant derivative 193+ in simulated gastric and intestinal juices

Patricia Burns, Gabriel Vinderola, Jorge Reinheimer et al. · 2011 · Journal of Dairy Research

The capacity of lactic acid bacteria to produce exopolysaccharides (EPS) conferring microorganisms a ropy phenotype could be an interesting feature from a technological point of view. Progressive adaptation to bile salts might render some…

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Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessMedicine

Geographic atrophy: pathophysiology and current therapeutic strategies

Kalpana Rajanala, Farokh Dotiwala, Arun K. Upadhyay · 2023 · Frontiers in Ophthalmology

Geographic atrophy (GA) is an advanced stage of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) that leads to gradual and permanent vision loss. GA is characterized by the loss of photoreceptor cells and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), leading to distinct atrophic patches in the macula, which tends to increase with time. Patients with geographic atrophy often experience a gradual and painless loss of central vision, resulting in difficulty reading, recognizing faces, or performing activities that require detailed vision. The primary risk factor for the development of geographic atrophy is advanced ag

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Vitamin D3 and B12 supplementation in pregnancy

Bishwajit Bhowmik, Tasnima Siddiquee, Ibrahimu Mdala et al. · 2021 · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

AIM: To assess the efficacy of vitamin D3 or B12 supplementation during pregnancy. METHODS: Pregnant women at 6-14 weeks in the intervention arm received oral high dose intermittent vitamin D3 and/or low dose B12 supplementation if they…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Optimising the value of immunomodulatory drugs during induction and maintenance in transplant ineligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: results from Myeloma XI, a multicentre, open‐label, randomised, Phase III trial

Graham Jackson, Charlotte Pawlyn, David A. Cairns et al. · 2020 · British Journal of Haematology

Second-generation immunomodulatory agents, such as lenalidomide, have a more favourable side-effect profile than the first-generation thalidomide, but their optimum combination and duration for patients with newly diagnosed transplant-ineligible myeloma (ND-TNE-MM) has not been defined. The most appropriate delivery and dosing regimens of these therapies for patients at advanced age and frailty status is also unclear. The Myeloma XI study compared cyclophosphamide, thalidomide and dexamethasone (CTDa) to cyclophosphamide, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (CRDa) as induction therapy, followed by

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Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessMedicine

Epigenetic remodeling to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in human glioblastoma: pre-clinical evidence for development of new immunotherapy approaches

Maria Fortunata Lofiego, Francesca Piazzini, Francesca Pia Caruso et al. · 2024 · Journal of Translational Medicine

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive primary brain tumor, that is refractory to standard treatment and to immunotherapy with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Noteworthy, melanoma brain metastases (MM-BM), that share the same niche as GBM, frequently respond to current ICI therapies. Epigenetic modifications regulate GBM cellular proliferation, invasion, and prognosis and may negatively regulate the cross-talk between malignant cells and immune cells in the tumor milieu, likely contributing to limit the efficacy of ICI therapy of GBM. Thus, manipulating the tumor

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Negative / Null Result ReportAgricultural and Biological Sciences

Forest reclamation of fly ash deposit: a field study on appraisal of mycorrhizal inoculation

Zuzana Sýkorová, Jana Rydlová, Renata Slavíková et al. · 2015 · Restoration Ecology

An extensive field trial was established on a fly ash deposit (1) to evaluate whether the inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ( AMF ) and/or ectomycorrhizal fungi ( EcMF ) improves growth and survival of 13 planted tree species…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Long-term functional and structural outcomes in X-linked retinoschisis: implications for clinical trials

Beau J. Fenner, Jonathan F. Russell, Arlene V. Drack et al. · 2023 · Frontiers in Medicine

Introduction X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) is an inherited retinal disease (IRD) caused by pathogenic mutations in the retinoschisin gene, RS1 . Affected individuals develop retinal layer separation, leading to loss of visual acuity (VA). Several XLRS gene therapy trials have been attempted but none have met their primary endpoints. An improved understanding of XLRS natural history and clinical outcomes may better inform future trials. Here, we report the long-term functional and structural outcomes of XLRS and the relevance of RS1 genotypes to the visual prognosis of affected individuals. Met

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The Clinical Features of Children With Acute Fulminant Myocarditis and the Diagnostic and Follow-Up Value of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

Jianli Lv, Bo Han, Cuiyan Wang et al. · 2019 · Frontiers in Pediatrics

Objective To investigate the clinical features and the diagnostic and follow-up value of acute fulminant myocarditis (AFM) in children. Methods 20 children diagnosed with AFM admitted to our department were reviewed, and the clinical manifestations; pathogenic examination results; myocardial injury biomarkers; and electrocardiography, echocardiogram and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) results were analyzed. Results The initial symptoms were abdominal pain, vomiting, fatigue, syncope, and convulsions. All children had significantly increased hs-cTnT and NT-pro BNP. In addition to nonspe

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Clinical benefit of treatment with eribulin mesylate for metastatic triple‐negative breast cancer: Long‐term outcomes of patients treated in the US community oncology setting

Sarah S. Mougalian, Ronda Copher, Jonathan Kish et al. · 2018 · Cancer Medicine

INTRODUCTION: Real-world data are critical to demonstrate the consistency of evidence and external generalizability of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This study examined characteristics and outcomes of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) patients treated with eribulin mesylate at community oncology practices in the United States. METHODS: Physicians identified mTNBC patients initiating eribulin between 1 January 2011 and 1 January 2014 and abstracted data into an electronic case report form (eCRF). Eribulin treatment in the metastatic setting was categorized as early use (EU

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Final results of a phase II study of CHOEP plus lenalidomide as initial therapy for patients with stage II–IV peripheral T‐cell lymphoma

Robert Stuver, Steven M. Horwitz, Ranjana H. Advani et al. · 2023 · British Journal of Haematology

There remains no one standard induction for nodal-based peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). We conducted a phase II study of lenalidomide plus CHOEP as a novel induction strategy. Patients received CHOEP at standard doses in combination…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Clinical Trial Risk in Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: Endpoint and Target Selection

Jayson L. Parker, Zoe Yi Zhang, Rena Buckstein · 2011 · Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences

PURPOSE: To quantify the clinical trial risk of new drug development in Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Risk estimates for this disease have not been reported before. METHODS: We undertook a retrospective review of clinical trials in (NHL) in four subtypes to compare the success rate with the industry average. Our inclusion criteria required that a drug must initiate its phase I trial in one of the four NHL subtypes between 1998 and June 2008 in the US. In addition, clinical trials of new drug candidates that pertain to four subtypes of NHL were retrieved from clinicaltrial.gov. Drug candidates

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNursing

Randomized study to compare nasojejunal with nasogastric nutrition in critically ill patients without prior evidence of altered gastric emptying

Gilberto Friedman, Cecilia Lopes Flávia Couto, Maicon Becker · 2015 · Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Studies comparing jejunal and gastric nutrition show inconsistent results regarding pneumonia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of pneumonia comparing gastric with jejunal nutrition. Secondarily, we…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Forced expression of miR-143 and -145 in cardiomyocytes induces cardiomyopathy with a reductive redox shift

Kota Ogawa, Akiko Noda, Jun Ueda et al. · 2020 · Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters

BACKGROUND: Animal model studies show that reductive stress is involved in cardiomyopathy and myopathy, but the exact physiological relevance remains unknown. In addition, the microRNAs miR-143 and miR-145 have been shown to be upregulated in cardiac diseases, but the underlying mechanisms associated with these regulators have yet to be explored. METHODS: We developed transgenic mouse lines expressing exogenous miR-143 and miR-145 under the control of the alpha-myosin heavy chain (αMHC) promoter/enhancer. RESULTS: The two transgenic lines showed dilated cardiomyopathy-like characteristics and

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Negative / Null Result Report

Lianas and Trees From a Seasonally Dry and a Wet Tropical Forest Did Not Differ in Embolism Resistance but Did Differ in Xylem Anatomical Traits in the Dry Forest

Chris M. Smith-Martin, Steven Jansen, Timothy J. Brodribb et al. · 2022 · Frontiers in Forests and Global Change

One of the most prominent changes in neotropical forests has been the increase in abundance and size of lianas. Studies suggest that lianas have more acquisitive strategies than trees, which could allow them to take advantage of water more…

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Negative / Null Result Report

Climate Change Can Drive a Significant Loss of Suitable Habitat for Polylepis quadrijuga, a Treeline Species in the Sky Islands of the Northern Andes

Lina Caballero-Villalobos, Francisco Fajardo-Gutiérrez, Mariasole Calbi et al. · 2021 · Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution

It is predicted that climate change will strongly affect plant distributions in high elevation “sky islands” of tropical Andes. Polylepis forests are a dominant element of the treeline throughout the Andes Cordillera in South America.…

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Negative / Null Result Report

Biochar and zeolites did not improve phosphorus uptake or crop productivity in a field trial performed in an irrigated intensive farming system

Margarida Arrobas, João V. Decker, Bruna L. Feix et al. · 2021 · Soil Use and Management

Abstract Soil conditioners, such as biochar and zeolites, may play an important role in agriculture if they increase nutrient use efficiency, in particular, that of phosphorus (P), due to the depletion of phosphate rocks from which…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Adolescent perfectionism: Structural features of the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale and correlates with attachment and psychopathology

Emily P. Taylor, Rachel Couper, Carolyn Maeve Butler · 2017 · Psychology and Psychotherapy Theory Research and Practice

OBJECTIVES: Perfectionism is recognized as a significant risk factor for psychopathology. Emerging research links attachment to perfectionism in adult and college-age samples. The Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) has been…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology

Systemic Influences of Mammary Cancer on Monocytes in Mice

Amy Robinson, Matthew Burgess, Sheila Webb et al. · 2022 · Cancers

There is a growing body of evidence that cancer causes systemic changes. These influences are most evident in the bone marrow and the blood, particularly in the myeloid compartment. Here, we show that there is an increase in the number of bone marrow, circulating and splenic monocytes by using mouse models of breast cancer caused by the mammary epithelial expression of the polyoma middle T antigen. Cancer does not affect ratios of classical to non-classical populations of monocytes in the circulation nor does it affect their half-lives. Single cell RNA sequencing also indicates that cancer doe

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Negative / Null Result ReportNeuroscience

No evidence that self-rated negative emotion boosts visual working memory precision.

Alessandra S. Souza, Theresa Thaler, Heinrich R. Liesefeld et al. · 2020 · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance

Emotion is assumed to change how people process information by modulating attentional focus. Two recent studies (Spachtholz et al., 2014; Xie & Zhang, 2016) reported that self-reported negative emotion boosted the precision with which…

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Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessMedicine

New trials in resistant hypertension: mixed blessing stories

Carmine Zoccali, Francesca Mallamaci, Luca De Nicola et al. · 2023 · Clinical Kidney Journal

Resistant hypertension (RH) is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular and renal complications. Treatment options include non-pharmacological interventions, such as lifestyle modifications, and the use of specific antihypertensive…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Serum Concentrations of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and its Soluble Receptors in Soldiers with and Without Combat-related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Hubertus Himmerich, Jörg-Egbert Wolf, Peter Zimmermann et al. · 2016 · Chinese Medical Journal

To the Editor: With great interest we read the original article of Chen et al.[1] published in the Chinese Medical Journal comparing serum concentrations of cytokines in patients of Han and Li ethnicity with posttraumatic stress disorder…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Amino Acid Residues 489–503 of Dihydropyridine Receptor (DHPR) β1a Subunit Are Critical for Structural Communication between the Skeletal Muscle DHPR Complex and Type 1 Ryanodine Receptor

José M. Eltit, Clara Franzini‐Armstrong, Claudio F. Pérez · 2014 · Journal of Biological Chemistry

The β1a subunit is a cytoplasmic component of the dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR) complex that plays an essential role in skeletal muscle excitation-contraction (EC) coupling. Here we investigate the role of the C-terminal end of this auxiliary subunit in the functional and structural communication between the DHPR and the Ca2+ release channel (RyR1). Progressive truncation of the β1a C terminus showed that deletion of amino acid residues Gln489 to Trp503 resulted in a loss of depolarization-induced Ca2+ release, a severe reduction of L-type Ca2+ currents, and a lack of tetrad formation as eva

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