e-ISSN: Pending

Browse the failure-mode index

21,300 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental sciences

Profile of Haematology and Biochemistry of Aceh Polled and Horned Cow

Fahrimal Yudha, Asmilia Nuzul, Aisyah Siti et al. · 2020 · E3S Web of Conferences

As one of the Local wisdom in Aceh, farmer prefers raising polled cow than horned cow for breeding purposes. They believe pole cow is more resilient in harsh conditions and reproductively better than the horned cow. The aim of this study was to evaluate blood profile and blood biochemistry of the aceh polled and horned cow. The blood profile examined includes erythrocyte value, erythrocyte indices MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume), MCH (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin), MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration), thrombocyte, leukocyte, hematocrit, and hemoglobin, while blood biochemistry includ

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)

Performance Evaluation of Wastewater Treated Plant for Ninava Drug Factory

Amar Thamir Hamad, Musaab Al-Tamer · 2011 · Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences

In this study the characteristics of raw and treated wastewater from Ninava drug factory were evaluated. The results revealed that the strength of raw wastewater can be classified as medium concentrated wastewater with respect to its BOD5 since the average value is 231.7 mg/l. In addition a strong correlations were found between many characteristics of raw waste. The characteristics of produced effluent from waste water treatment plant of the factory were within the Iraqi specification for the disposed wastewater constraints in 1997, where the average is 7.8 for pH, 40mg/l for SS, 2.8 mg/l for

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The effects of personalized sprint interval training and combined aerobic endurance and resistance training on insulin resistance and glycated hemoglobin in women with type 2 diabetes

Hadi Ghaedi, Siamak Takesh, Ebrahim Banitalebi · 2020 · Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences

Background and aims: Exercise training is a well-established therapeutic tool for treating type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study is to examine the beneficial effects of personalized sprint interval training (SIT) and combined aerobic endurance and resistance training (Com) on insulin resistance and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) concentration in women with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Fifty-two overweight female type 2 diabetic patients (age 45-60 years and body mass index [BMI] > 30) with HbA1c value of 6.5% or higher and fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥ 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) were selected.

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDentistry

Autologous Platelet Concentrate of 2nd and 3rd generations efficacy in the surgical treatment of gingival recession: an overview of systematic reviews

Gustavo Vicentis De Oliveira Fernandes, Nuno Bernardo Malta Santos, Rafael Amorim Cavalcanti De Siqueira et al. · 2021 · Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology

Background: Autologous platelet concentrate (APC)/platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) of second and third generations has increased use in periodontics to optimize wound healing. Few systematic reviews (SRs) have reported improved clinical outcomes, while other studies reported significantly better results for the connective tissue graft (CTG). There is still unclear clinical evidence about APC/PRF use to treat gingival recession (GR) defects. Then, the purpose of this SR was to evaluate the use of APC/PRF membranes (2nd and 3rd generations) in root coverage (RC) procedures and assess its efficacy as a

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessInfectious and parasitic diseases

Absence of association between angiotensin converting enzyme polymorphism and development of adult respiratory distress syndrome in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome: a case control study

Chiu Rossa WK, Chim Stephen SC, Wu Alan KL et al. · 2005 · BMC Infectious Diseases

Abstract Background It has been postulated that genetic predisposition may influence the susceptibility to SARS-coronavirus infection and disease outcomes. A recent study has suggested that the deletion allele (D allele) of the angiotensin converting enzyme ( ACE ) gene is associated with hypoxemia in SARS patients. Moreover, the ACE D allele has been shown to be more prevalent in patients suffering from adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in a previous study. Thus, we have investigated the association between ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and the progression to ARDS or requ

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

A Comparative Study on the Effect of Endotracheal Intubation in Three Methods of Oral, and Nasal with and without the Help of Magill Forceps, on Heart Rate and Blood Pressure in Patients Undergoing Maxillofacial Surgery

Seyed Jalal Hashemi, Hamidreza Shetabi, Shayan Saki et al. · 2018 · مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of endotracheal intubation in three methods of oral, and nasal with and without the help of Magill forceps, on heart rate and blood pressure in patients undergoing maxillofacial surgery. Methods: In this single-blind randomized clinical trial study, 96 patients who underwent facial and maxillofacial surgery, were randomly divided into three groups of oral, and nasal (with or without the use of Magill forceps) endotracheal intubation. Heart rate and blood pressure were studied in patients before the intubation, and 0, 1, 2, 5, and

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDentistry

Comparison of Clinical and Radiographic Success between MTA and Biodentine in Pulpotomy of Primary Mandibular Second Molars with Irreversible Pulpitis: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Alireza Eshghi, Maryam Hajiahmadi, Mohammad Hossein Nikbakht et al. · 2022 · International Journal of Dentistry

Introduction. Among the new therapeutic materials, MTA and Biodentine are recommended for pulpotomy and sealing the pulp. Considering the similar characteristics of these two materials and considering that their effects on the treatment of primary second molars with irreversible pulpitis have not been compared properly, this study aimed to compare clinical and radiographic success between MTA and Biodentine in pulpotomy of primary mandibular second molars with irreversible pulpitis. Materials and Methods. This study was conducted as a randomized double-blind clinical trial. Participants were s

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgriculture (General)

Differential Soil Organic Carbon Accumulation Patterns Following Cropland-to-Grassland Conversion in Non-Saline and Saline–Alkali Soils

Jinglei Zhang, Shanshan Bai, Chunlin Jia et al. · 2025 · Agriculture

Agricultural expansion and intensification generally lead to a depletion in soil organic carbon (SOC). While converting cropland to grassland is a recognized strategy for SOC accumulation, the patterns of SOC accumulation under different grassland types and soil conditions remain unclear. This study evaluated the long-term effects of two perennial grasses—alfalfa (a legume) and switchgrass (a non-legume)—on SOC composition, specifically lignin phenols and amino sugars, in non-saline and saline–alkali soils, using a conventional wheat–maize rotation as a control. Our results showed that both al

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAnimal culture

n-Propanol extract of boiled and fermented koro benguk (Mucuna pruriens seed) shows a neuroprotective effect in paraquat dichloride-induced Parkinson's disease rat model

Yosua Kristian Adi, Rini Widayanti, Tri Wahyu Pangestiningsih · 2018 · Veterinary World

Aim: n-Propanol extracts from fresh, boiled, and fermented seeds were studied to evaluate their neuroprotective effects in a Parkinson's disease (PD) rat model, based on the total number of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Materials and Methods: Rats were induced with paraquat dichloride at a dosage of 7 mg/kg BW intraperitoneally twice a week and at the same time supplemented with extract at a dosage of 70 mg/kg BW orally every day for 3 weeks. On the 24th day, all rats were perfused and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde. The left part of the SNpc was proce

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNutrition. Foods and food supply

Pengaruh lama mengunyah terhadap kadar glukosa postprandial dewasa obesitas

Arin Wulansari, Fryta Ameilia Luthfinnisa, Fuadah Uyun et al. · 2020 · Jurnal Gizi Indonesia: The Indonesian Journal of Nutrition

Background: Obesity cause various physiological changes in the body, one of which is insulin resistance causes high blood glucose levels. Chewing is a stimulus of cephalic phase responses and sensory stimulation that can increase hormones releasing such as insulin, ghrelin, cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Chewing plays important role in determining postprandial plasma glucose concentration. Objective: Investigate the effect of chewing on postprandial blood glucose in obese adults. Method: This was true experimental research. Research subjects were treated in the form

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessOphthalmology

Effect of transportation on the quality of the donor corneal buttons

Rini Saha, Gautam Singh Parmar, Ashok Kumar et al. · 2018 · Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology and Research

The aim of this study is to see the effect of transportation on corneoscleral buttons and to correlate them with the weight of ice used during transportation. This is a prospective cross-sectional study. A total of 119 corneas were graded using slit-lamp examination and specular microscopy before and after transportation. Groups were made based on the weight of ice used during transportation and the number of hours of storage in McCarey-Kaufman (MK) media. The overall median percentage of endothelial cell loss (ECL) was 11.33%. The median percentage of ECL was significantly more with <500 g of

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens

Comparison of the prevalence and associated factors of hyperactive delirium in advanced cancer patients between inpatient palliative care and palliative home care

Jun Hamano, Masanori Mori, Taketoshi Ozawa et al. · 2021 · Cancer Medicine

Abstract Background Hyperactive delirium is known to increase family distress and the burden on health care providers. We compared the prevalence and associated factors of agitated delirium in advanced cancer patients between inpatient palliative care and palliative home care on admission and at 3 days before death. Methods This was a post hoc exploratory analysis of two multicenter, prospective cohort studies of advanced cancer patients, which were performed at 23 palliative care units (PCUs) between Jan and Dec 2017, and on 45 palliative home care services between July and Dec 2017. Results

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessInfectious and parasitic diseases

Letermovir Effectively Prevents Cytomegalovirus Infection in Patients with Aplastic Anemia After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Real-World Retrospective Cohort Study

Yuling Zhang, Xiaowei Chen, Ming Zhou et al. · 2024 · Infectious Diseases and Therapy

Abstract Introduction In this single-center retrospective cohort study, we investigated the efficacy of letermovir in preventing Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in patients with aplastic anemia (AA) who have undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods Based on whether or not letermovir was used for preventing CMV infection, the patients were categorized into two groups: letermovir and control groups. The overall survival (OS) rate and cumulative incidence of CMV infection during the first 100 days after allo-HSCT were evaluated. The study included 21 match

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSports

The Comparison of the Effect of Audience and Music on Learning and Performance of Discrete Skill (Basketball Free Throw)

Farnaz Torabi, Mahmud Sheikh, Elahe Arabameri et al. · 2009 · رشد و یادگیری حرکتی ورزشی

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of audience and music on learning and performance of basketball free throw. Subjects were 36 healthy non-athlete girls (age: 22.8±1.59 years, height: 163.1± 5.63 cm and weight: 54.5±7.06) who were randomly divided into three groups of audience (n=12), music (n=12) and control (n=12). Protocol of acquisition phase included basketball free throw for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week, and 15 trails each session with the presence of motivational factors in separate groups. Score of free throw test was recorded per session. Then, posttest was carried out a

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry

Analgesic Effect of Apotel Versus Pethidine After Hemilaminectomy

Mohammadreza Emamhadi, Hamid Behzadnia, Seifollah Jafari et al. · 2019 · Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences

Background: Postoperative pain is a common phenomenon, and its management affects considerably on the recovery process, and patients’ satisfaction. Apotel and pethidine are two conventional medicines used to relieve pain after operation. Objectives: The present study aimed to compare the effect of intravenous injection of Apotel and intramuscular injection of pethidine in relieving pain after hemilaminectomy. Materials & Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, 150 patients who underwent hemilaminectomy were recruited between May 2015 and November 2015. They were taking either Apotel (n=

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessInfectious and parasitic diseases

Completion of tuberculosis preventive treatment with 300 mg vs. 100 mg isoniazid tablets: a pragmatic randomized clinical trial

João Paulo Cola, Thiago Nascimento do Prado, Bárbara Manuella Cardoso Sodré Alves et al. · 2025 · BMC Infectious Diseases

Abstract Background Monotherapy with the drug isoniazid (INH) was for a long time the main therapeutic regimen used for tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT). Research is progressing into the use of new therapeutic regimens that provide more complete TPT. The objective was to analyze the completion and safety of TPT with the drug INH in the form of 300 mg tablets. Methods Pragmatic, randomized, non-blinded, multicenter clinical trial conducted in Brazil from January 2019 to December 2022. Subjects over the age of 18 years with an indication for TPT was included and those whose index case of

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSports medicine

Increased Risk of Graft Failure after ACL Reconstruction in Young Female Athletes with Hamstring Grafts

Mark V. Paterno PhD, PT, Staci Thomas MS, Timothy E. Hewett PhD, FACSM et al. · 2017 · Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

Objectives: The incidence of second anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury after ACL reconstruction (ACLR) and return to sport (RTS) in a young, active population is likely between 25-33% with the greatest risk in the first 12 months after RTS. Although the use of allograft tissue in young athletes has been reported to result in increased risk of graft failure, differences in graft and contralateral ACL injury risk between patients who receive a hamstrings (HS) autograft and bone-patellar tendon- bone (BTB) autograft has yet to be reported in a young, athletic population. The tested hypothesi

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPublic aspects of medicine

Survey of cyclopids (Crustacea, Copepoda) in Brazil and preliminary screening of their potential as dengue vector predators

Santos Luciana Urbano dos, Andrade Carlos Fernando S. de · 1997 · Revista de Saúde Pública

INTRODUCTION: Cyclopid copepods are known to be good mosquito controllers, specially as regards the larvae of the dengue vectors Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The objective of the study was to survey the local copepod fauna and search for new strains of M. longisetus var. longisetus, comparing the potential of the samples found with the current strain ML-01 against Ae. albopictus larvae, under laboratory conditions. Eleven bodies of water in Campinas, SP, Brazil, were screened for copepods by collecting 1.5 l of water from each of then. The predatory potential of adult

View details →
Negative / Null Result Report

Is there any Significant Effect of Business Process Re-Engineering Strategy on Service Delivery in the Contextualization of Food Manufacturing Companies in Kenya?

Richard Nyaanga Ongeri, Peterson Obara Magutu, Kate Litondo · 2020 · Archives of Business Research

The main objective of the study was to determine if there any significant effect of business process re-engineering strategy on service delivery in the contextualization of food manufacturing companies in Kenya. Accordingly, the study…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental sciences

Effects of macrobenthic bioturbation on the abundance and community composition of ammonia-oxidizing prokaryotes under different temperatures

Dayong Zhao, Xinyi Cao, Jin Zeng et al. · 2017 · Journal of Freshwater Ecology

In order to investigate the effects of macrobenthos on the abundance and community composition of ammonia-oxidizing prokaryotes under different temperature conditions, laboratory microcosms containing two kinds of macrobenthos (Corbicula fluminea and Tubificid worms) were constructed. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and clone libraries were applied to analyze the ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) communities in the surface sediments. The lowest abundances of the archaeal and bacterial amoA gene were found in the samples cultured under 28 °C (archaeal amoA gene abunda

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The Relationship Between SOFA, qSOFA, SIRS Criteria Scoring Systems and 1-Year Mortality in Patients Followed Up in Level 3 Intensive Care Unit after Orthopedic Surgery

Erkal Bilgiç, Orhan Balta, Mehmet Burtaç Eren et al. · 2021 · Journal of Contemporary Medicine

Predictive scoring systems are designed to predict patients' discharge status, patient mortality, Intensive Care Unit(ICU) mortality and lenght of hospital stay. These scoring systems, which are aimed to standardize and form a common language in terms of evaluating patient general health situation, are used in the evaluation of patients in many ICU.In this study, we aimed to evaluate the ability of the scoring systems that can be used to predict the mortality of the patients who will be followed up in the ICU after orthopedic surgery and predict the mortality that occurs in the first year outs

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSurgery

Novel calcaneal plate versus traditional philos plate for treating split fractures of humeral greater tuberosity

Fei Wang, Xiaohui Niu, Haibo Xia et al. · 2024 · Frontiers in Surgery

PurposeTo compare the effect of two internal fixation methods of calcaneal plate fixation and Philos plate fixation in treating split fractures of humeral greater tuberosity.Patients and methodsA total of 37 patients with split fractures of humeral greater tuberosity were retrospectively analyzed from September 2016 to April 2021. Enrolled patients were divided into Group A (calcaneal anatomical locking plates), and Group B [Proximal Humeral Internal Locking System (PHILOS)]. The demographics, injury-related variables, surgery-related variables, Constant-Murley score, and postoperative complic

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The Comparative Study of Abdominal Pain Characteristics after Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass and Laparoscopic One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass in Patients with Morbid Obesity

Mohammadreza Zarei, Mozhgan joker, Negin Larti et al. · 2020 · مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان

Background: This study aimed to investigate and compare the characteristics of abdominal pain after bariatric surgery with two techniques of Laparoscopic One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (LOAGB) and Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (LRYGB) in patients with morbid obesity. Methods: This prospective descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 114 patients who were candidates for bariatric surgery. Patients were entered to study in one of two groups of LOAGB and LRYGB by convenient and continuous sampling. The characteristics of abdominal pain of patients were investigated and compared at ce

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDiseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology

Clinical outcome of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding during antithrombotic drug therapy

Yoshiyasu Kono, Seiji Kawano, Yuki Okamoto et al. · 2018 · Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology

Background: The clinical outcome of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) during antithrombotic drug therapy has not been fully investigated. Methods: Patients who underwent video capsule endoscopy (VCE) for the investigation of OGIB at Okayama University Hospital from January 2009 to March 2016 were enrolled. We evaluated the VCE findings, the patterns of OGIB, and the rate of rebleeding within 1 year in antithrombotic drug users and antithrombotic drug nonusers. Results: A total of 181 patients were enrolled. Among the antithrombotic drug users, the rate of VCE positivity in

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAquaculture. Fisheries. Angling

Effects of dietary protein and carbohydrate levels on growth performance, feed utilization efficiency and nitrogen metabolism in rohu, Labeo rohita (Hamilton), fingerlings

S. Dalal, S. Bhattacharya, A.K. Ray · 2001 · Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria

A 60-day feeding experiment was conducted in the laboratory to evaluate the interactive effects of dietary protein and carbohydrate levels on growth, feed utilization efficiency, and nitrogen metabolism in rohu, Labeo rohita fingerlings (mean weight 4.06 &plusmn;0.08 g). Nine purified diets prepared with 25, 35, and 40 % protein level each having 15, 25, and 35 % carbohydrate were fed to nine different feeding groups at the rate of 3% of body weight in triplicate treatments. Better performance of fish in terms of percent weight gain, SGR, FCR, and PER was observed with increasing percentage of

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDentistry

Clinical evaluation of the effect of acentric double pedicle graft with and without the use of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on root coverage outcomes in class I and II Miller root recessions: A randomized clinical trial

Nader Abolfazli, Masoumeh Faramarzi, Fariba Salehsaber et al. · 2018 · Journal of Advanced Periodontology and Implant Dentistry

Background. Acentric double pedicle graft is an alternative to double pedicle graft, which can improve clinical outcomes by removing tension in sutures. This study examined the effect of using platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the success rate of acentric double pedicle graft in treating patients with Miller Class I and II recessions. Methods. A total of 16 Miller Class I and II lesions were studied in 8 patients. The samples were divided into two groups in terms of PRF use: with PRF and without PRF. Indices, including recession depth, width of keratinized gingiva and pocket depth, were measured w

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychiatry

Status of Perceived Stress and Quality of Life in Adults during COVID-19 Pandemic

Subodh Kumar, Divye Kartikey, Jayeeta Biswas · 2022 · Indian Journal of Private Psychiatry

Background: The deadly second wave of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic swept through the whole of India during the month of April–May 2021. Restrictions like lockdowns and social distancing impacted the normal functioning of life. It is in this backdrop that we need to understand the perceived stress and quality of life among people. Aim and objective: The aim and objective of this study was to evaluate and study the relationship between perceived stress and quality of life among adults living in Delhi NCR, during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: A 1

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry

Lower Activation in Frontal Cortex and Posterior Cingulate Cortex Observed during Sex Determination Test in Early-Stage Dementia of the Alzheimer Type

Ravi Rajmohan, Ronald C. Anderson, Dan Fang et al. · 2017 · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience

Face-labeling refers to the ability to classify faces into social categories. This plays a critical role in human interaction as it serves to define concepts of socially acceptable interpersonal behavior. The purpose of the current study was to characterize, what, if any, impairments in face-labeling are detectable in participants with early-stage clinically diagnosed dementia of the Alzheimer type (CDDAT) through the use of the sex determination test (SDT). In the current study, four (1 female, 3 males) CDDAT and nine (4 females, 5 males) age-matched neurotypicals (NT) completed the SDT using

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSports medicine

Patients’ Satisfaction Evaluation

Ebru Kaya Mutlu, Arzu Razak Özdinçler · 2014 · Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

Objectives: Although many studies were focused on the assessment of patients' satisfaction, few studies have specifically addressed this issue for knee osteoartritis. Global rating of change (GRC) scales are very commonly used in clinical research, particularly in the musculoskeletal area. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the patients’ satisfaction of the Mulligan’s Mobilization with Movement (MWM) techniques, Passive Mobilization (PM) techniques and physical therapy modalities (PTM) (superficial heat or cold, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and therapeutic ultrasou

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The Effects of Bougie Diameters on Tissue Oxygen Levels After Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Randomized Experimental Trial

Can Konca, Ali Abbas Yılmaz, Süleyman Utku Çelik et al. · 2018 · Balkan Medical Journal

Background: Staple-line leak is the most frightening complication of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and several predisposing factors such as using improper staple sizes regardless of gastric wall thickness, narrower bougie diameter and ischemia of the staple line are asserted. Aims: To evaluate the effects of different bougie diameters on tissue oxygen partial pressure at the esophagogastric junction after sleeve gastrectomy. Study Design: A randomized and controlled animal experiment with 1:1:1:1 allocation ratio. Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into 4 group

View details →