Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience
Clara E. James · 2012 · Frontiers in Psychology
A commentary on Musical expertise and statistical learning of musical and linguistic structures by Schön, D., and François, C. (2011). Front. Psychology 2:167. doi: 10.3389/ fpsyg.2011.00167 Both language and music consist of discrete elements organized in embedded hierarchical structures. Schön and François nicely expose in this review that musical expertise facilitates learning of both linguistic and musical structures. At the behavioral level, the musicians did not outperform the nonmusicians. However, ERP analyses showed that acquisition of boundary perception (segmentation) between units
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience
Meenakshi Khosla, Leila Wehbe · 2026 · Nature Communications
Neuroscientific studies rely heavily on a-priori hypotheses, which can bias results toward existing theories. Here, we use a hypothesis-neutral approach to study category selectivity in higher visual cortex. Using only stimulus images and their associated fMRI activity, we constrain randomly initialized neural networks to predict voxel activity. Despite no category-level supervision, units in the trained networks act as detectors for semantic concepts like 'faces' or 'words', providing solid empirical support for categorical selectivity. Importantly, this selectivity is mostly maintained when
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Akram I. Ahmad, Samita Garg, Jeffrey Jacobs et al. · 2026 · JAMA Internal Medicine
Importance: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are known to increase the risk of retained gastric contents. High-quality data are lacking to guide periprocedure management of GLP-1 and GIP agonists. Objective: To compare the risk of clinically significant residual gastric volume (RGV) in patients who continue vs hold 1 dose of weekly or daily GLP-1 and GIP agonists prior to sedation. Design, Setting, and Participants: This randomized, single-masked clinical trial conducted at 2 large tertiary referral centers in the US included patients under
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Marcello Candelli, Marta Sacco Fernandez, Gloria Rozzi et al. · 2025 · Diagnostics
Background and Objectives: Despite major advances in medical science and critical care, sepsis remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide: it arises from dysregulated host response to infections and may culminate in organ dysfunction. A hallmark of its pathogenesis is the cytokine storm, in which interleukins (ILs) serve as central mediators of both protective and deleterious immune responses. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the role of ILs in sepsis, emphasizing their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Material and Methods: We analyzed recent cl
View details →Replication FailureOpen accessNeuroscience
Ralf Reilmann, Andrew Feigin, Anne Rosser et al. · 2025 · Nature Medicine
Huntington's disease (HD) is a rare, neurodegenerative disorder for which only symptomatic treatments are available. The PROOF-HD study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of pridopidine, a selective Sigma-1 receptor agonist, in HD. The primary and key secondary endpoints, change in total functional capacity (TFC) and composite Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (cUHDRS) score at week 65, were not met in the overall population. The TFC least-squares mean difference between pridopidine and placebo was -0.18 (95% confidence i
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Fanzhuo Xu, Yu Xie, Weiwei Yu et al. · 2026 · Frontiers in Microbiology
Multidrug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria has become a significant global public health challenge, threatening human health and clinical treatment outcomes. The unique outer membrane structure of these pathogens greatly limits antibiotic penetration, serving as the core mechanism of resistance. This paper systematically analyses antimicrobial strategies targeting the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, mainly including: (1) directly disrupting the outer membrane structure and enhancing drug permeability; (2) inhibiting the biosynthesis or transport pathways of key outer membrane com
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience
Eric A. Finkel, Yi-Ting Chang, Rajan Dasgupta et al. · 2024 · Cell Reports
The brain receives constant tactile input, but only a subset guides ongoing behavior. Actions associated with tactile stimuli thus endow them with behavioral relevance. It remains unclear how the relevance of tactile stimuli affects…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEngineering
Naman Gupta, Rantong Gong, Y. Wu et al. · 2025 · Nature Communications
The discovery of superconductivity in La3Ni2O7 under pressure has motivated the investigation of a parent spin density wave (SDW) state, which could provide the underlying pairing interaction. Here, we employ resonant soft x-ray scattering…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Xinyi Chen, Mu Yang, Yongbiao Huang et al. · 2025 · Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology
Abscopal immunity—the regression of distant, non-irradiated lesions after localized radiotherapy (RT)—signals conversion of focal DNA damage into systemic antitumor immunity. This review advances a unifying three-stage…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences
Andrei Teodor Matei, Anita Ioana Vișan · 2025 · Antibiotics
The growing ineffectiveness of common antibiotics against multidrug-resistant pathogens has made antimicrobial resistance (AMR) a serious global health concern. This review emphasizes that natural antibiotics from animals, bacteria, fungi, and plants are worthy alternatives for combating this crisis. Evolutionary pressure has shaped these molecules, leading to antibiotic-resistant bacteria that can withstand single-target synthetic drugs but are vulnerable to multiple attack pathways (e.g., cell wall disruption, protein synthesis inhibition, biofilm interference) from natural compounds. Natura
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Zhuoxu Gu, Zhonghao Wang, Xianquan Zhang et al. · 2025 · Frontiers in Pharmacology
As a modern dosage form of traditional Chinese medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granules (TCMFG) maximally retains active metabolites through standardized production processes, including dynamic countercurrent extraction and low-temperature concentration. This serves as a critical material basis for elucidating its multi-target regulatory mechanisms. Recent studies have highlighted the significant potential of TCMFG in treating complex diseases, such as inflammation, tumors, metabolic disorders, fibrosis, and orthopedic conditions like osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, by modulati
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences
Roddy Theobald, Zeyu Xu, Allison F. Gilmour et al. · 2025 · Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis
We study the impact of a bonus policy in Hawai‘i Public Schools that raised the salaries of all special education teachers by $10,000. We estimate that this policy reduced the proportion of vacant special education teaching positions…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience
Ola Ozernov‐Palchik, Amanda O’Brien, Elizabeth Jiachen Lee et al. · 2026 · Nature Communications
In adults, left hemisphere (LH) damage often leads to aphasia, but many cases of early damage leave linguistic processing intact, with a functional language system developing in the right hemisphere. To explain this early apparent equipotentiality of the two hemispheres for language, some have proposed that the language system is more bilateral during early development and becomes increasingly left-lateralized with age. We examined language lateralization using fMRI in two large developmental cohorts (total n=273 children aged 4-16 years; n=107 adults). Strong, adult-like LH lateralization (in
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience
James Downar, James Downar, Julie Lapenskie et al. · 2024 · Palliative Medicine
Background: Psychological and existential suffering affects many people with advanced illness, and current therapeutic options have limited effectiveness. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a safe and effective therapy…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Olena Garmish, Svitlana Smiyan, Fedir Hladkykh et al. · 2025 · Vascular Health and Risk Management
Patients with inflammatory joint diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis, have an elevated risk of cardiovascular complications due to systemic inflammation, immune-mediated endothelial…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience
Evgeny A. Ermakov, Irina A. Mednova, Anastasiia S. Boiko et al. · 2025 · Journal of Integrative Neuroscience
Neuroinflammation, meaning an inflammatory process primarily occurring within the central nervous system (CNS), is thought to be associated with the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia (SC), although existing evidence is sometimes contradictory. This review critically summarizes the existing data on neuroinflammation and possible neuroinflammatory mechanisms in the pathogenesis of SC. Despite heterogeneity and inconsistency, the existing evidence indicates dysregulation of inflammatory genes and infiltration of the CNS parenchyma by immune cells, disturbances in the b
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine
Han Sang Kim, Jung Yong Hong, Jaekyung Cheon et al. · 2020 · Journal of Clinical Oncology
4584 Background: Previously, two phase III clinical trials of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) failed to meet their primary endpoints, leading to doubts regarding the clinical activity of ICI monotherapy in patients with aHCC. Here, we…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEconomics, Econometrics and Finance
Martin Olsson, Joacim Tå̊g · 2025 · The Journal of Finance
ABSTRACT Privatization of state‐owned enterprises is on the agenda across the globe. Using Swedish data covering two decades, we show that productivity gains and headcount reductions are associated with economic costs for incumbent…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics and Astronomy
R. J. Stewart, George Younes, A. K. Harding et al. · 2025 · The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Abstract We report on IXPE and NuSTAR observations beginning 40 days after the 2024 outburst onset of magnetar 1E 1841−045, marking the first IXPE observation of a magnetar in an enhanced state. Our spectropolarimetric analysis indicates that both a blackbody (BB) plus double power-law (PL) and a double blackbody plus power-law spectral model fit the phase-averaged intensity data well, with a hard PL tail (Γ = 1.19 and 1.35, respectively) dominating above ≈5 keV. For the former model, we find the soft PL (the dominant component at soft energies) exhibits a polarization degree (PD) of ≈30% whil
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Fiona McPhee, Joseph Ueland, Vincent Vellucci et al. · 2019 · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
[tested DAAs] of >5,000 nM) and were detected in evaluated GT-6b and -6f sequences. NS5A-L28A-R30A, observed in GT-6r, did not replicate. In conclusion, HCV GT-6b, GT-6f, and GT-6r sequences harbored highly resistant RASs to all evaluated…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences
Syed Imran Ali, Morgan C. MacDonald, J. Jincy et al. · 2011 · Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development
This study investigated the efficacy of a POU water treatment system featuring sari-cloth filtration and/or Moringa oleifera coagulation as pre-treatments for solar disinfection (SODIS). Surface water from a peri-urban slum in Chennai,…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Jing Cheng, Carl Gao, Reeta Ala‐Jaakkola et al. · 2024 · JAMA Network Open
Importance: Probiotic supplementation may improve bowel movements. However, large, properly designed studies are lacking. Objective: To evaluate the potential benefit of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis HN019 on constipation,…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessArts and Humanities
Chris Skurka, Jeff Niederdeppe, Liana B. Winett · 2020 · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)
Narratives can convey the need or community-level action to address social problems. Yet narratives often tell stories about specific individuals rather than the broader collectives these problems affect. Some theorists argue that individualizing collective problems inhibits audiences from recognizing upstream causes and solutions. This study tested how narrative individualization (whether a story focuses on an individual case or a larger collective) might produce trade-offs when mobilizing support for community-level policies to address childhood obesity. We also investigated whether narrativ
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEarth and Planetary Sciences
Lilian Anderson, Charlotte Brassey, Stuart Pond et al. · 2023 · The Anatomical Record
A reversion to secondary quadrupedality is exceptionally rare in nature, yet the convergent re-evolution of this locomotor style occurred at least four separate times within Dinosauria. Facultative quadrupedality, an intermediate state between obligate bipedality and obligate quadrupedality, may have been an important transitional step in this locomotor shift, and is proposed for a range of basal ornithischians and sauropodomorphs. Advances in virtual biomechanical modeling and simulation have allowed for the investigation of limb anatomy and function in a range of extinct dinosaurian species,
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine
Adnan Taş, Seyfettin Köklü, İlhami Yüksel et al. · 2011 · PubMed
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have focused on the relationship between halitosis, gastroesophageal reflux disease and Helicobacter pylori. In this study we aimed to investigate the interaction between halitosis and upper gastrointestinal…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Danfeng Xu, Rong Na, Da Huang et al. · 2020 · Asian Journal of Andrology
To evaluate whether prostate volume (PV) would provide additional predictive utility to the prostate health index (phi) for predicting prostate cancer (PCa) or clinically significant prostate cancer, we designed a prospective,…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Cecile A. Feldman, Janine Fredericks-Younger, Paul J. Desjardins et al. · 2025 · The Journal of the American Dental Association
BACKGROUND: Opioids are still being prescribed to manage acute postsurgical pain. Unnecessary opioid prescriptions can lead to addiction and death, as unused tablets are easily diverted. METHODS: To determine whether combination nonopioid analgesics are at least as good as opioid analgesics, a multisite, double-blind, randomized, stratified, noninferiority comparative effectiveness trial was conducted, which examined patient-centered outcomes after impacted mandibular third-molar extraction surgery. Participants were randomized to receive 5 mg of hydrocodone with 300 mg of acetaminophen (opioi
View details →Negative / Null Result Report
Daniel D. De Haan · 2016 · Arabic Sciences and Philosophy
Abstract This study examines a number of different answers to the question: where does Avicenna demonstrate the existence of God within the Metaphysics of the Healing ? Many interpreters have contended that there is an argument for God's…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences
Abiriga Francis, O. Ongom Patrick, Rubaihayo Patrick et al. · 2020 · Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science
This study was conducted to determine the yield stability of advanced cowpea lines in diverse agro-ecological zones of Uganda in order to facilitate documentation requirements for national performance trials (NPT). Thirty cowpea genotypes were evaluated against six checks in three localities, over three growing seasons, making a total of 9 unique environments. The trials were laid in a 6x6 alpha lattice design with three replications and grain yield was the principal trait measured. Single-site and multi-location data were summarized using analysis of variance. Further analysis of stability wa
View details →Negative / Null Result Report
Victoria R. Poulton, Mante S. Nieuwland · 2022 · Neurobiology of Language
Abstract Prediction-based theories of language comprehension assume that listeners predict both the meaning and phonological form of likely upcoming words. In alleged event-related potential (ERP) demonstrations of phonological prediction,…
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