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Browse the failure-mode index

21,691 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental Science

Does fox control improve red–legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) survival? An experimental study in Northern Spain

IREC, CSIC–UCLM–JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain, Ainhoa Mateo-Moriones, Rafael Villafuerte et al. · 2012 · Animal Biodiversity and Conservation

This work evaluates the effectiveness of fox control as a method to improve the survival of red–legged partridge (Alectoris rufa). We radio–tracked 89 adult partridges and their chicks (62 few days old chicks and 46 over one–month–old chicks) and monitored their nests (N = 45) on two hunting estates in northern Spain over two years. Generalist predators (red fox, Vulpes vulpes, and magpie, Pica pica) were selectively controlled on one half of each estate during the first year, and on the other half in the second year. We estimated the effect of predator control on survival rates. Predator cont

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Androgen receptor‐positive, triple‐negative breast cancer

Ayca Gucalp, Tiffany A. Traina · 2017 · Cancer

Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) generally are considered a single clinical subgroup, defined by the lack of receptor expression, and are uniformly treated with cytotoxic chemotherapy. However, the advent of molecular…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Impact of subglottic secretion drainage on microaspiration in critically ill patients: a prospective observational study

Guillaume Millot, Pauline Boddaert, Erika Parmentier-Decrucq et al. · 2018 · Annals of Translational Medicine

Background: Microaspiration is a major factor in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) pathophysiology. Subglottic secretion drainage (SSD) aims at reducing its incidence. Methods: Single-center prospective observational study, performed…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Phase I/II trial of BMS-986,205 and nivolumab as first line therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma

Jasmine C. Huynh, May Cho, Arta M. Monjazeb et al. · 2023 · Investigational New Drugs

BACKGROUND: Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) helps orchestrate immune suppression and checkpoint inhibitor resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). BMS-986,205 is a novel oral drug that potently and selectively inhibits IDO. This Phase I/II study evaluated the safety and tolerability of BMS-986,205 in combination with nivolumab as first-line therapy in advanced HCC. METHODS: IV on Day 1 of each 14-day cycle). The primary objective was to determine the safety and tolerability of this combination; secondary objectives were to obtain preliminary efficacy. RESULTS: Eight patients received a

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Negative / Null Result Report

Sigma receptor type 1 knockout mice show a mild deficit in plasticity but no significant change in synaptic transmission in the CA 1 region of the hippocampus

Melissa A. Snyder, Kieran McCann, Maryline J. Lalande et al. · 2016 · Journal of Neurochemistry

Abstract The sigma‐1 receptor (σ‐1R) is a chaperone protein located at the endoplasmic reticulum ( ER ) mitochondrial interface with roles in neuroprotection and cognition. Increasing evidence suggests that loss of σ‐1R function could…

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Negative / Null Result Report

Why did life expectancy in Central and Eastern Europe suddenly improve in the 1990s? An analysis by cause of death

Johan P. Mackenbach, Marina Karanikolos, Jamie Lopez Bernal et al. · 2015 · Scandinavian Journal of Public Health

Background: The upturn of life expectancy in Central and Eastern Europe in the 1990s, after a period of stagnation or even decline, is one of the main events in European population history of the late 20th century, but has not been…

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Negative / Null Result Report

Association of clinically significant weight loss with number of patient visits and months of attendance at an Australian multidisciplinary weight management clinic

Juliana Chen, Harpreet Kaur, Joanna Jaques et al. · 2022 · Clinical Obesity

Summary Despite the obesity epidemic, there are relatively few multidisciplinary obesity services in Australia, and only limited data on the effectiveness of these services. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a…

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Negative / Null Result Report

Computer-Based Programmed Instruction Did Not Improve the Knowledge Retention of Medication Instructions of Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Jorge G. Ruiz, Allen D. Andrade, Ramanakumar Anam et al. · 2013 · The Diabetes Educator

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate whether computer-based programmed instruction (CPI) with a dynamic avatar (DA) improves retention of medication information better than text (controls) or better than CPI with text…

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Negative / Null Result Report

Apremilast for moderate hidradenitis suppurativa: no significant change in lesional skin inflammatory biomarkers

A.R.J.V. Vossen, H.H. van der Zee, N. Davelaar et al. · 2018 · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology

Abstract Background Treatment with apremilast has recently demonstrated clinically meaningful improvement in moderate hidradenitis suppurativa ( HS ). Objective To evaluate the change in expression of inflammatory markers in lesional skin…

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Negative / Null Result Report

Effect of the change in antiviral therapy indication on identifying significant liver injury among chronic hepatitis B virus infections in the grey zone

Shan Ren, Wenjing Wang, Junfeng Lu et al. · 2022 · Frontiers in Immunology

Objective In clinical practice, a substantial proportion of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections that do not fit into any of the usual immune states are considered to be in the “grey zone (GZ)”. This study aimed to investigate the…

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Negative / Null Result Report

Association of the functionally significant polymorphisms of the MMP9 gene with H. pylori-positive gastric ulcer in the Caucasian population of Central Russia

Volodymyr Dvornyk, Irina Ponomarenko, Oksana Minyaylo et al. · 2021 · PLOS ONE

Background and purpose The study analyzed the association of functionally significant polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinases ( MMPs ) genes with the development of gastric ulcer (GU) in Caucasians from Central Russia. Methods The 781…

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Negative / Null Result Report

Significant contributions of combustion‐related NH 3 and non‐fossil fuel NO x to elevation of nitrogen deposition in southwestern China over past five decades

Hao Huang, Wei Song, Xue‐Yan Liu · 2021 · Global Change Biology

Abstract Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) emissions and deposition have been increasing over past decades. However, spatiotemporal variations of N deposition levels and major sources remain unclear in many regions, which hinders making…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

SHAP-based interpretable machine learning for injury risk prediction in university football players: a multi-dimensional data analysis approach

Jiacheng Ma, Shengrui Liu, Yuting Pei · 2025 · Scientific Reports

Sports injury prediction is crucial for university football player health, yet existing research predominantly focuses on professional athletes and lacks interpretability. Using the Kaggle "University Football Injury Prediction Dataset"…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Gut Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Mechanistic Insights into Gut Inflammation, Barrier Function, and Therapeutic Potential

Roberta Ottria, Susan Mirmajidi, Pierangela Ciuffreda · 2026 · International Journal of Molecular Sciences

This review delves into the complex relationship between short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by the gut microbiota and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD, which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a group of chronic gastrointestinal disorders with an increasing global incidence. Despite extensive research, the exact etiopathogenesis remains elusive, although a complex interplay involving genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and abnormal immune responses against commensal gut microbes is widely recognized. SCFAs, primarily acetate and butyrate, emerge as key

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Disease burden attributable to intimate partner violence against females and sexual violence against children in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023

Luísa Sório Flor, Cory N Spencer, Jack Cagney et al. · 2025 · The Lancet

BACKGROUND: Violence against women and against children are human rights violations with lasting harms to survivors and societies at large. Intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual violence against children (SVAC) are two major forms of such abuse. Despite their wide-reaching effects on individual and community health, these risk factors have not been adequately prioritised as key drivers of global health burden. Comprehensive x§and reliable estimates of the comparative health burden of IPV and SVAC are urgently needed to inform investments in prevention and support for survivors at both nat

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEconomics, Econometrics and Finance

Economic Complexity, Environmental Sustainability, and Technological Integration in Saudi Arabia: Analyzing Long-Term Trends

Ihsen Abid, Nesrine Gafsi · 2025 · International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy

The purpose of this research paper is to examine the long-term dynamics between economic growth, technological integration, and environmental sustainability in Saudi Arabia from 1995 to 2023. It aims to identify the impact of key economic, technological, and environmental indicators, including GDP, ICT sector performance, foreign direct investment (FDI), trade, and ecological footprint, on the country’s development trajectory. The research employs a quantitative approach, using VAR-VECM models to analyze time-series data. The study applies Granger causality tests and impulse response functions

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEngineering

Inflow Process of Pedestrians to a Confined Space

Takahiro Ezaki, Kazumichi Ohtsuka, Mohcine Chraibi et al. · 2026 · Qucosa (Saxon State and University Library Dresden)

To better design safe and comfortable urban spaces, understanding the nature of human crowd movement is important. However, precise interactions among pedestrians are difficult to measure in the presence of their complex decision-making processes and many related factors. While extensive studies on pedestrian flow through bottlenecks and corridors have been conducted, the dominant mode of interaction in these scenarios may not be relevant in different scenarios. Here, we attempt to decipher the factors that affect human reactions to other individuals from a different perspective. We conducted

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessChemistry

Data‐Independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry as a Tool for Metaproteomics: Interlaboratory Comparison Using a Model Microbiome

Andrew T. Rajczewski, J. Alfredo Blakeley‐Ruiz, Annaliese Meyer et al. · 2025 · PROTEOMICS

Mass spectrometry (MS)-based metaproteomics is used to identify and quantify proteins in microbiome samples, with the frequently used methodology being data-dependent acquisition mass spectrometry (DDA-MS). However, DDA-MS is limited in…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The associations of long-term physical activity in adulthood with later biological ageing and all-cause mortality – a prospective twin study

Anna Kankaanpää, Asko Tolvanen, Laura Joensuu et al. · 2025 · European Journal of Epidemiology

OBJECTIVES: The association between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and a lower risk of mortality is susceptible to bias from multiple sources. We investigated the potential of biological ageing to mediate the association between long-term LTPA and mortality and whether the methods used to account for reverse causality affect the interpretation of this association. METHODS: Study participants were twins from the older Finnish Twin Cohort (n = 22,750; 18-50 years at baseline). LTPA was assessed using questionnaires in 1975, 1981 and 1990. The mortality follow-up lasted until 2020 and biol

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Limited overlap between genetic effects on disease susceptibility and disease survival

Zhiyu Yang, Fanny‐Dhelia Pajuste, Kristina Zguro et al. · 2025 · Nature Genetics

Abstract Understanding disease progression is of high biological and clinical interest. Unlike disease susceptibility, whose genetic basis has been abundantly studied, less is known about the genetics of disease progression and its overlap with disease susceptibility. Considering nine common diseases ( n cases ranging from 11,980 to 124,682) across seven biobanks, we systematically compared genetic architectures of susceptibility and progression, defined as disease-specific mortality. We identified only one locus substantially associated with disease-specific mortality and showed that, at a si

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology

Immunotherapy for atherosclerosis

Claudia Monaco, Coleen A. McNamara, Bram Slütter et al. · 2025 · Physiological Reviews

Cardiovascular disease is the global number one cause of mortality and morbidity. The majority of cardiovascular diseases are caused by atherosclerosis, a lipid-driven, inflammatory disease of the middle- and large-sized arteries. The…

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