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Browse the failure-mode index

21,222 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

The Midblastula Transition Defines the Onset of Y RNA-Dependent DNA Replication in Xenopus laevis

Clara Collart, Christo P. Christov, James C. Smith et al. · 2011 · Molecular and Cellular Biology

Noncoding Y RNAs are essential for the initiation of chromosomal DNA replication in mammalian cell extracts, but their role in this process during early vertebrate development is unknown. Here, we use antisense morpholino nucleotides (MOs)…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Vector Competence of the Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) for West Nile Virus

Michael Scott Doyle, Bethany N. Swope, Jerome A. Hogsette et al. · 2011 · Journal of Medical Entomology

In 2006-2007, stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), were suspected of being enzootic vectors of West Nile virus (family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, WNV) during a die-off of American white pelicans (Pelecanus…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental Science

Understanding Spatial Variability of Air Quality in Sydney: Part 2—A Roadside Case Study

Imogen Wadlow, Clare Paton‐Walsh, Hugh Forehead et al. · 2019 · Atmosphere

Motivated by public interest, the Clean Air and Urban Landscapes (CAUL) hub deployed instrumentation to measure air quality at a roadside location in Sydney. The main aim was to compare concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) measured along a busy road section with ambient regional urban background levels, as measured at nearby regulatory air quality stations. The study also explored spatial and temporal variations in the observed PM2.5 concentrations. The chosen area was Randwick in Sydney, because it was also the subject area for an agent-based traffic model. Over a four-day campai

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences

Conventional and organic farms with more intensive management have lower soil functionality

Sophie Q. van Rijssel, Guusje J. Koorneef, G. F. Veen et al. · 2025 · Science

Organic farming is often considered to be more sustainable than conventional farming. However, both farming systems comprise highly variable management practices. In this study, we show that in organic and conventional arable fields, the…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Significant association between urethral length measured by magnetic resonance imaging and urinary continence recovery after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy

Kosuke Kitamura, Toshiyuki China, Mayuko Kanayama et al. · 2018 · Prostate International

To determine the clinical predictive factors affecting the recovery from postoperative urinary incontinence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). We consecutively analyzed 320 patients who underwent RARP between January 2012…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Is niacin ineffective? Or did AIM-HIGH miss its target?

Stephen J. Nicholls · 2012 · Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine

The AIM-HIGH trial (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome With Low HDL/High Triglycerides: Impact on Global Health Outcomes) found, in an interim analysis, no cardiovascular benefit from taking extended-release niacin…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology

Interferons and interferon-related pathways in heart disease

Duc Tin Tran, Sri Nagarjun Batchu, Andrew Advani · 2024 · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Interferons (IFNs) and IFN-related pathways play key roles in the defence against microbial infection. However, these processes may also be activated during the pathogenesis of non-infectious diseases, where they may contribute to organ injury, or function in a compensatory manner. In this review, we explore the roles of IFNs and IFN-related pathways in heart disease. We consider the cardiac effects of type I IFNs and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs); the emerging role of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway; the seemingly paradoxical effects of the type

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome Caused by Sepsis: Risk Factor Analysis

Guodong Sun, Yang Zhang, Shanshan Mo et al. · 2021 · International Journal of General Medicine

PURPOSE: To analyze the risk factors of multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS) caused by sepsis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 180 patients with sepsis admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (No. 23,…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

High-Dose Convalescent Plasma for Treatment of Severe COVID-19

Gil Cunha De Santis, Luciana Correa Oliveira de Oliveira, Pedro Manuel Marques Garibaldi et al. · 2022 · Emerging infectious diseases

To assess whether high-dose coronavirus disease (COVID-19) convalescent plasma (CCP) transfusion may benefit patients with severe COVID-19, we conducted a multicenter randomized trial in Brazil. Patients with severe COVID-19 who were within 10 days of initial symptom onset were eligible. Patients in the CCP group received 3 daily doses of CCP (600 mL/d) in addition to standard treatment; control patients received standard treatment only. Primary outcomes were death rates at days 30 and 60 of study randomization. Secondary outcomes were ventilator-free days and hospital-free days. We enrolled 1

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNursing

High intake of saturated fat, but not polyunsaturated fat, improves survival in heart failure despite persistent mitochondrial defects

Tatiana Galvão, Bethany H. Brown, Peter Hecker et al. · 2011 · Cardiovascular Research

AIMS: The impact of a high-fat diet on the failing heart is unclear, and the differences between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and saturated fat have not been assessed. Here, we compared a standard low-fat diet to high-fat diets…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Efficacy of empagliflozin in heart failure with preserved versus mid-range ejection fraction: a pre-specified analysis of EMPEROR-Preserved

Stefan D. Anker, Javed Butler, Muhammad Usman et al. · 2022 · Nature Medicine

Abstract The EMPEROR-Preserved trial showed that the sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor empagliflozin significantly reduces the risk of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure (HHF) in heart failure patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) > 40%. Here, we report the results of a pre-specified analysis that separately evaluates these patients stratified by LVEF: preserved (≥ 50%) ( n = 4,005; 66.9%) or mid-range (41–49%). In patients with LVEF ≥ 50%, empagliflozin reduced the risk of cardiovascular death or HHF (the primary endpoint) by 17% versus plac

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Negative / Null Result Report

Pressure ulcer in patients with severe traumatic brain injury: significant factors and association with neurological outcome

Manju Dhandapani, Sivashanmugam Dhandapani, Meena Agarwal et al. · 2013 · Journal of Clinical Nursing

Aims and objectives To assess the factors associated with development of pressure ulcer in patients with severe traumatic brain injury ( TBI ) and study its prognostic significance with respect to neurological outcome at three months.…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Genome Scans for Transmission Ratio Distortion Regions in Mice

J. Casellas, Rodrigo Gularte‐Mérida, Charles R. Farber et al. · 2012 · Genetics

Transmission ratio distortion (TRD) is the departure from the expected genotypic frequencies under Mendelian inheritance. This departure can be due to multiple physiological mechanisms during gametogenesis, fertilization, fetal and…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Is musical engagement enough to keep the brain young?

Anna Maria Matziorinis, Christian Gaser, Stefan Koelsch · 2022 · Brain Structure and Function

Music-making and engagement in music-related activities have shown procognitive benefits for healthy and pathological populations, suggesting reductions in brain aging. A previous brain aging study, using Brain Age Gap Estimation (BrainAGE), showed that professional and amateur-musicians had younger appearing brains than non-musicians. Our study sought to replicate those findings and analyze if musical training or active musical engagement was necessary to produce an age-decelerating effect in a cohort of healthy individuals. We scanned 125 healthy controls and investigated if musician status,

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Evidence for contribution of common genetic variants within chromosome 8p21.2-8p21.1 to restricted and repetitive behaviors in autism spectrum disorders

Tao Yu, Hui Gao, Benjamin Ackerman et al. · 2016 · BMC Genomics

BACKGROUND: Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors (RRB), one of the core symptom categories for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), comprises heterogeneous groups of behaviors. Previous research indicates that there are two or more factors (subcategories) within the RRB domain. In an effort to identify common variants associated with RRB, we have carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using the Autism Genetic Resource Exchange (AGRE) dataset (n = 1,335, all ASD probands of European ancestry) for each identified RRB subcategory, while allowing for comparisons of associated single nucleot

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Refined clinical scoring in comparative EAE studies does not enhance the chance to observe statistically significant differences

Silvia Tietz, Marcel Zwahlen, Neda Haghayegh Jahromi et al. · 2016 · European Journal of Immunology

Considering the 3R rules of animal experimentation, we asked if refined scoring of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice improves documentation of clinical EAE allowing to perform a more powerful statistical analysis.…

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Negative / Null Result ReportPhysics and Astronomy

Evidence for long range movement of Bi-2212 within the filament bundle on melting and its significant effect onJc

A. Malagoli, Fumitake Kametani, Jianyi Jiang et al. · 2011 · Superconductor Science and Technology

It is well known that the critical current density Jc of multifilamentary Bi-2212 wires tends to decline as the wire length increases, but the reasons for and the magnitude of this decline remain obscure and quantitatively unpredictable.…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology

The role of endothelial MERTK during the inflammatory response in lungs

Yitong Li, Erika S. Wittchen, Elizabeth Monaghan-Benson et al. · 2019 · PLoS ONE

As a key homeostasis regulator in mammals, the MERTK receptor tyrosine kinase is crucial for efferocytosis, a process that requires remodeling of the cell membrane and adjacent actin cytoskeleton. Membrane and cytoskeletal reorganization also occur in endothelial cells during inflammation, particularly during neutrophil transendothelial migration (TEM) and during changes in permeability. However, MERTK's function in endothelial cells remains unclear. This study evaluated the contribution of endothelial MERTK to neutrophil TEM and endothelial barrier function. In vitro experiments using primary

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Variable Neural Contributions to Explicit and Implicit Learning During Visuomotor Adaptation

Sook-Lei Liew, Tziporah Thompson, Joel Ramirez et al. · 2018 · Frontiers in Neuroscience

We routinely make fine motor adjustments to maintain optimal motor performance. These adaptations have been attributed to both implicit, error-based mechanisms, and explicit, strategy-based mechanisms. However, little is known about the neural basis of implicit vs. explicit learning. Here, we aimed to use anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to probe the relationship between different brain regions and learning mechanisms during a visuomotor adaptation task in humans. We hypothesized that anodal tDCS over the cerebellum (CB) should increase implicit learning while anodal tDCS

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Effects of adjunctive eslicarbazepine acetate on neurocognitive functioning in children with refractory focal-onset seizures

Sergiusz Jóźwiak, Pierangelo Veggiotti, J. Moreira et al. · 2018 · Epilepsy & Behavior

PURPOSE: This was a phase-II, randomized, double-blind (DB), placebo-controlled study aimed to evaluate neurocognitive effects of eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) as adjunctive therapy in pediatric patients with refractory focal-onset…

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Methods Dead-EndOpen accessMedicine

Establishing the Minimum Clinically Significant Difference (MCID) and the Patient Acceptable Symptom Score (PASS) for the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in Patients with Rotator Cuff Disease and Shoulder Prosthesis

Umile Giuseppe Longo, Rocco Papalia, Sergio De Salvatore et al. · 2023 · Journal of Clinical Medicine

Insufficiently treated shoulder pain may cause mental disturbances, including depression and anxiety. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) that aims to identify depression and anxiety in patients in nonpsychiatric wards. The aim of this study was to identify the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) and patient acceptable symptom state (PASS) scores for the HADS in a cohort of individuals with rotator cuff disease. Using the HADS, participants' degrees of anxiety and depression were assessed at inception and at their final asses

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Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine

Azithromycin therapy for prevention of chronic lung disease of prematurity (AZTEC): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

John Lowe, David Gillespie, Ali F. Aboklaish et al. · 2024 · The Lancet Respiratory Medicine

BACKGROUND: Systematic reviews have reported conflicting evidence on whether macrolide antibiotics reduce rates of chronic lung disease of prematurity (CLD) in at-risk preterm infants born at less than 30 weeks' gestation, including in those colonised with pulmonary Ureaplasma spp. Since an adequately powered trial has been lacking, we aimed to assess if the macrolide azithromycin improved survival without the development of physiologically defined moderate or severe CLD in preterm infants. METHODS: AZTEC was a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial conducted in 28 ter

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Negative / Null Result ReportEnvironmental Science

Size‐Selective Mortality of Steelhead during Freshwater and Marine Life Stages Related to Freshwater Growth in the Skagit River, Washington

Jamie Thompson, David A. Beauchamp · 2014 · Transactions of the American Fisheries Society

Abstract We evaluated freshwater growth and survival from juvenile (ages 0–3) to smolt (ages 1–5) and adult stages in wild steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss sampled in different precipitation zones of the Skagit River basin, Washington. Our…

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