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Browse the failure-mode index

21,216 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Plasma metabolites associated with colorectal cancer: A discovery‐replication strategy

Anne J. M. R. Geijsen, Stefanie Brezina, Pekka Keski‐Rahkonen et al. · 2019 · International Journal of Cancer

Colorectal cancer is known to arise from multiple tumorigenic pathways; however, the underlying mechanisms remain not completely understood. Metabolomics is becoming an increasingly popular tool in assessing biological processes. Previous metabolomics research focusing on colorectal cancer is limited by sample size and did not replicate findings in independent study populations to verify robustness of reported findings. Here, we performed a ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) screening on EDTA plasma from 268 colorectal cancer

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Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessMedicine

Moving beyond anti-amyloid therapy for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

Michael A. Castello, John D. Jeppson, Salvador Soriano · 2014 · BMC Neurology

BACKGROUND: High-profile Phase 3 clinical trials of bapineuzumab and solanezumab, antibodies targeted at amyloid-beta (Aβ) removal, have failed to meet their primary endpoints. Neither drug improves clinical outcomes in patients with late onset AD, joining a long list of unsuccessful attempts to treat AD with anti-amyloid therapies. DISCUSSION: These therapies are based on the assumption that Aβ accumulation is the primary pathogenic trigger of AD. Current evidence suggests that Aβ may actually accumulate as part of an adaptive response to long-term chronic brain stress stimuli that would make

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Replication FailureOpen accessDecision Sciences

Low replicability can support robust and efficient science

Stephan Lewandowsky, Klaus Oberauer · 2020 · Nature Communications

There is a broad agreement that psychology is facing a replication crisis. Even some seemingly well-established findings have failed to replicate. Numerous causes of the crisis have been identified, such as underpowered studies, publication bias, imprecise theories, and inadequate statistical procedures. The replication crisis is real, but it is less clear how it should be resolved. Here we examine potential solutions by modeling a scientific community under various different replication regimes. In one regime, all findings are replicated before publication to guard against subsequent replicat

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Diabetes Under Treatment With Dapagliflozin: A Population-Based, Open-Cohort Study in The Health Improvement Network Database

Konstantinos A. Toulis, Brian H Willis, Tom Marshall et al. · 2017 · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Context: Empagliflozin was found to decrease mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and a prior cardiovascular disease (CVD) event. Objectives: To establish whether these benefits can be replicated in a real-world…

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Negative / Null Result ReportDentistry

Effect of Non‐Surgical Periodontal Therapy on C‐Reactive Protein, Oxidative Stress, and Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP)‐9 and MMP‐2 Levels in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Study

Panagiotis A. Koromantzos, Konstantinos Makrilakis, Xanthippi Dereka et al. · 2011 · Journal of Periodontology

BACKGROUND: It is well accepted that glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is affected by systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. The effect of periodontal therapy on these systemic factors may be related to…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Myostatin Inhibitors: Panacea or Predicament for Musculoskeletal Disorders?

Joonho Suh, Yun‐Sil Lee · 2020 · Journal of Bone Metabolism

Myostatin, also known as growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8), is a transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family member that functions to limit skeletal muscle growth. Accordingly, loss-of-function mutations in myostatin result in a…

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ProtocolOpen accessMedicine

Mesothelioma and Radical Surgery 2 (MARS 2): protocol for a multicentre randomised trial comparing (extended) pleurectomy decortication versus no (extended) pleurectomy decortication for patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma

Eric Lim, Liz Darlison, John Edwards et al. · 2020 · BMJ Open

INTRODUCTION: Mesothelioma remains a lethal cancer. To date, systemic therapy with pemetrexed and a platinum drug remains the only licensed standard of care. As the median survival for patients with mesothelioma is 12.1 months, surgery is an important consideration to improve survival and/or quality of life. Currently, only two surgical trials have been performed which found that neither extensive (extra-pleural pneumonectomy) or limited (partial pleurectomy) surgery improved survival (although there was some evidence of improved quality of life). Therefore, clinicians are now looking to evalu

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Anti-Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor and Anti-Endothelial Cell Antibodies: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Pathological Findings in Allograft Biopsies

Mary Carmelle Philogene, Serena M. Bagnasco, Edward S. Kraus et al. · 2016 · Transplantation

BACKGROUND: This is a cross-sectional study designed to evaluate the histologic characteristics of graft injury in the presence of anti-angiotensin II type 1 receptor antibody (AT1R-Ab) and anti-endothelial cell antibody (AECA). METHODS:…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Maternal sleep-disordered breathing and the risk of delivering small for gestational age infants: a prospective cohort study

Sushmita Pamidi, Isabelle Marc, Gabrielle Simoneau et al. · 2016 · Thorax

OBJECTIVE: It is unclear whether objectively measured maternal sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) leads to poor fetal outcomes. In this study, we prospectively assessed whether polysomnography-based diagnosis of SDB in the third trimester is…

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Negative / Null Result ReportEnvironmental Science

Behaviour and effects of prescribed fire in masticated fuelbeds

Eric E. Knapp, J. Morgan Varner, Matt D. Busse et al. · 2011 · International Journal of Wildland Fire

Mechanical mastication converts shrub and small tree fuels into surface fuels, and this method is being widely used as a treatment to reduce fire hazard. The compactness of these fuelbeds is thought to moderate fire behaviour, but whether…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Comparison of ultrasound guidance with the traditional palpation and fluoroscopy method for the common femoral artery puncture

Murat Gedikoğlu, Levent Oğuzkurt, Serkan Gür et al. · 2013 · Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions

OBJECTIVES: To compare the success and complication rates of ultrasound-guided or palpation-guided punctures of the common femoral artery in a prospective randomized study. BACKGROUND: Percutaneous femoral arterial access is sometimes…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Efficacy and safety of mirabegron for the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity—Prospective, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study

Jan Krhút, Vladimír Borovička, Karolína Bílková et al. · 2018 · Neurourology and Urodynamics

AIMS: To assess the efficacy and safety of mirabegron in the treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity. METHODS: This prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted in three tertiary centers,…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Disrupted neural processing of emotional faces in psychopathy

Oren Contreras‐Rodríguez, Jesús Pujol, Iolanda Batalla et al. · 2013 · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

Psychopaths show a reduced ability to recognize emotion facial expressions, which may disturb the interpersonal relationship development and successful social adaptation. Behavioral hypotheses point toward an association between emotion…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Sentiment cascades in the 15M movement

Raquel Álvarez-Urdiola, David García, Yamir Moreno et al. · 2015 · EPJ Data Science

Recent grassroots movements have suggested that online social networks might play a key role in their organization, as adherents have a fast, many-to-many, communication channel to help coordinate their mobilization. The structure and dynamics of the networks constructed from the digital traces of protesters have been analyzed to some extent recently. However, less effort has been devoted to the analysis of the semantic content of messages exchanged during the protest. Using the data obtained from a microblogging service during the brewing and active phases of the 15M movement in Spain, we per

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Distinct cellular states determine calcium signaling response

Jason Yao, Anna Pilko, Roy Wollman · 2016 · Molecular Systems Biology

The heterogeneity in mammalian cells signaling response is largely a result of pre-existing cell-to-cell variability. It is unknown whether cell-to-cell variability rises from biochemical stochastic fluctuations or distinct cellular states. Here, we utilize calcium response to adenosine trisphosphate as a model for investigating the structure of heterogeneity within a population of cells and analyze whether distinct cellular response states coexist. We use a functional definition of cellular state that is based on a mechanistic dynamical systems model of calcium signaling. Using Bayesian param

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Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessComputer Science

DrugEx v3: scaffold-constrained drug design with graph transformer-based reinforcement learning

Xuhan Liu, Kai Ye, Herman van Vlijmen et al. · 2023 · Journal of Cheminformatics

Abstract Rational drug design often starts from specific scaffolds to which side chains/substituents are added or modified due to the large drug-like chemical space available to search for novel drug-like molecules. With the rapid growth of deep learning in drug discovery, a variety of effective approaches have been developed for de novo drug design. In previous work we proposed a method named DrugEx , which can be applied in polypharmacology based on multi-objective deep reinforcement learning. However, the previous version is trained under fixed objectives and does not allow users to input a

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics and Astronomy

Deep convolutional neural networks as strong gravitational lens detectors

C. Schaefer, Mario Geiger, T. Kuntzer et al. · 2017 · Astronomy and Astrophysics

Context. Future large-scale surveys with high-resolution imaging will provide us with approximately 10 5 new strong galaxy-scale lenses. These strong-lensing systems will be contained in large data amounts, however, which are beyond the…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Diagnostic and prognostic value of presepsin vs. established biomarkers in critically ill patients with sepsis or systemic inflammatory response syndrome

Helena Brodská, J Valenta, Květa Pelinková et al. · 2017 · Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory biomarkers may aid to distinguish between systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) vs. sepsis. We tested the hypotheses that (1) presepsin, a novel biomarker, can distinguish between SIRS and sepsis, and (2)…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental Science

Machine learning to predict final fire size at the time of ignition

Shane Coffield, Casey Graff, Yang Chen et al. · 2019 · International Journal of Wildland Fire

Fires in boreal forests of Alaska are changing, threatening human health and ecosystems. Given expected increases in fire activity with climate warming, insight into the controls on fire size from the time of ignition is necessary. Such…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Prevention and treatment of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury: an update

Patrick M. Honoré, Rita Jacobs, Inne Hendrickx et al. · 2015 · Annals of Intensive Care

Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SAKI) remains an important challenge in critical care medicine. We reviewed current available evidence on prevention and treatment of SAKI with focus on some recent advances and developments. Prevention of SAKI starts with early and ample fluid resuscitation preferentially with crystalloid solutions. Balanced crystalloids have no proven superior benefit. Renal function can be evaluated by measuring lactate clearance rate, renal Doppler, or central venous oxygenation monitoring. Assuring sufficiently high central venous oxygenation most optimally prevents SAK

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The Effect of Remote Ischaemic Preconditioning on Myocardial Injury in Patients Undergoing Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Daqing Hong, Jeong Jin Min, Jeongwon Kim et al. · 2010 · Anaesthesia and Intensive Care

In several recent clinical trials on cardiac surgery patients, remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) showed a powerful myocardial protective effect. However the effect of RIPC has not been studied in patients undergoing off-pump coronary…

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Negative / Null Result ReportPsychology

Pilot Assessment and Survey of Syrian Refugees' Psychological Stress and Openness to Referral for Telepsychiatry (PASSPORT Study)

Hussam Jefee-Bahloul, Moustafa K. Moustafa, Fatma M. Shebl et al. · 2014 · Telemedicine Journal and e-Health

BACKGROUND: Given the scarcity of mental health resources available for refugees in areas of conflict, it is imperative to investigate interventions that would be accepted by the refugees. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study we surveyed…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Decreased serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Margarida Corominas-Roso, Josep Antoni Ramos‐Quiroga, Marta Ribasés et al. · 2013 · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology

It has been hypothesized that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is involved in the pathogenesis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although experimental data regarding the contribution of BDNF gene polymorphisms to…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessHealth Professions

Comparing the nine‐item Shared Decision‐Making Questionnaire to the OPTION Scale – an attempt to establish convergent validity

Isabelle Scholl, Levente Kriston, Jörg Dirmaier et al. · 2012 · Health Expectations

BACKGROUND: While there has been a clear move towards shared decision-making (SDM) in the last few years, the measurement of SDM-related constructs remains challenging. There has been a call for further psychometric testing of known…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Systemic Tolerance Mediated by Melanoma Brain Tumors Is Reversible by Radiotherapy and Vaccination

Christopher M. Jackson, Christina M. Kochel, Christopher J. Nirschl et al. · 2015 · Clinical Cancer Research

PURPOSE: Immune responses to antigens originating in the central nervous system (CNS) are generally attenuated, as collateral damage can have devastating consequences. The significance of this finding for the efficacy of tumor-targeted…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Cilengitide in newly diagnosed glioblastoma: biomarker expression and outcome

Michael Weller, Burt Nabors, Thierry Gorlia et al. · 2016 · Oncotarget

// Michael Weller 1 , Louis Burt Nabors 2 , Thierry Gorlia 3 , Henning Leske 4 , Elisabeth Rushing 4 , Pierre Bady 5, 6, 7 , Christine Hicking 8 , James Perry 9 , Yong-Kil Hong 10 , Patrick Roth 1 , Wolfgang Wick 11, 12 , Simon L. Goodman 8 , Monika E. Hegi 7 , Martin Picard 8 , Holger Moch 13 , Josef Straub 8 , Roger Stupp 14 1 Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland 2 University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA 3 EORTC Data Centre, Brussels, Belgium 4 Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switze

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