Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science
Mario Sanz-Guerrero, Katharina von der Wense · 2025 · arXiv
In-context learning (ICL) has transformed the use of large language models (LLMs) for NLP tasks, enabling few-shot learning by conditioning on labeled examples without finetuning. Despite its effectiveness, ICL is prone to errors, especially for challenging examples. With the goal of improving the performance of ICL, we propose corrective in-context learning (CICL), an approach that incorporates a model's incorrect predictions alongside ground truth corrections into the prompt, aiming to enhance classification accuracy through self-correction. However, contrary to our hypothesis, extensive exp
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science
Hui Zhang, Kiduk Yang, Elin Jacob · 2015 · arXiv
Despite limited success, information retrieval (IR) systems today are not intelligent or reliable. IR systems return poor search results when users formulate their information needs into incomplete or ambiguous queries (i.e., weak queries). Therefore, one of the main challenges in modern IR research is to provide consistent results across all queries by improving the performance on weak queries. However, existing IR approaches such as query expansion are not overly effective because they make little effort to analyze and exploit the meanings of the queries. Furthermore, word sense disambiguati
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Philippe Laban, Tobias Schnabel, Jennifer Neville · 2026 · arXiv
Large Language Models (LLMs) are poised to disrupt knowledge work, with the emergence of delegated work as a new interaction paradigm (e.g., vibe coding). Delegation requires trust - the expectation that the LLM will faithfully execute the task without introducing errors into documents. We introduce DELEGATE-52 to study the readiness of AI systems in delegated workflows. DELEGATE-52 simulates long delegated workflows that require in-depth document editing across 52 professional domains, such as coding, crystallography, and music notation. Our large-scale experiment with 19 LLMs reveals that cu
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science
Gokhan Alkac, Luca Basanisi, Ercan Kilicarslan et al. · 2017 · arXiv
We revisit the problem of the bulk-boundary unitarity clash in 2 + 1 dimensional gravity theories, which has been an obstacle in providing a viable dual two-dimensional conformal field theory for bulk gravity in anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime. Chiral gravity, which is a particular limit of cosmological topologically massive gravity (TMG), suffers from pertur- bative log-modes with negative energies inducing a non-unitary logarithmic boundary field theory. We show here that any f(R) extension of TMG does not improve the situation. We also study the perturbative modes in the metric formulation o
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science
Tom Kouwenhoven, Max Peeperkorn, Bram van Dijk et al. · 2024 · arXiv
Natural language has the universal properties of being compositional and grounded in reality. The emergence of linguistic properties is often investigated through simulations of emergent communication in referential games. However, these experiments have yielded mixed results compared to similar experiments addressing linguistic properties of human language. Here we address representational alignment as a potential contributing factor to these results. Specifically, we assess the representational alignment between agent image representations and between agent representations and input images.
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Luigi Giannelli, Ralf Betzholz, Laura Kreiner et al. · 2016 · arXiv
We theoretically analyse the cooling dynamics of a high-Q mode of a mechanical resonator, when the structure is also an optical cavity and is coupled with a NV center. The NV center is driven by a laser and interacts with the cavity photon field and with the strain field of the mechanical oscillator, while radiation pressure couples mechanical resonator and cavity field. Starting from the full master equation we derive the rate equation for the mechanical resonator's motion, whose coefficients depend on the system parameters and on the noise sources. We then determine the cooling regime, the c
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science
Elias Hossain, Md Mehedi Hasan Nipu, Maleeha Sheikh et al. · 2025 · arXiv
Clinical language models often assign high confidence to incorrect predictions, particularly in high-severity and out-of-distribution cases. We present MedBayes-Lite, a retraining-free uncertainty governance layer for transformer-based clinical predictors. It combines Monte Carlo dropout, predictive calibration, and confidence-guided abstention to defer low-confidence predictions for human review, adding no trainable parameters. Evaluated on MedMCQA and MedQA-USMLE, MedBayes-Lite reduces expected calibration error by 0.23 to 0.33 and drives harmful overconfident errors (confident, incorrect, h
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Lei Wang · 2026 · arXiv
The endpoint region $ζ\to1$ of the NLO forward jet vertex has not been systematically separated from BFKL energy-scale terms in Mueller-Navelet phenomenology. Starting from the small-cone NLO vertex, we isolate the quark and gluon plus distributions and construct a BFKL-aware threshold matching scheme that preserves exact NLO accuracy. The conservative Scheme-II exponent resums only the ordinary endpoint logarithms and leaves the $χ(n,γ)\ln\bar N$ term in the fixed-order coefficient, avoiding an uncontrolled tower of mixed endpoint-BFKL logarithms. In fixed-baseline CMS tests, this matched ver
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics
Jaroslaw Zdebik · 2008 · arXiv
The work was carried out in the framework of the KLOE collaboration studying the decays of the phi meson produced in the DAFNE accelerator in the collisions of electron and positron. The main aim of this thesis was investigation of the influence of the merging and splitting of clusters in decays with the high multiplicity of gamma quanta, which are at most biased by these effects. For this aim we implemented the full geometry and realistic material composition of the barrel electromagnetic calorimeter in FLUKA package. The prepared Monte Carlo based simulation program permits to achieve a fast
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science
Silas L. Fong, Vincent Y. F. Tan · 2017 · arXiv
This paper investigates the asymptotic expansion for the maximum rate of fixed-length codes over a parallel Gaussian channel with feedback under the following setting: A peak power constraint is imposed on every transmitted codeword, and the average error probability of decoding the transmitted message is non-vanishing as the blocklength increases. It is well known that the presence of feedback does not increase the first-order asymptotics of the channel, i.e., capacity, in the asymptotic expansion, and the closed-form expression of the capacity can be obtained by the well-known water-filling
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Jennifer Haase, Jana Gonnermann-Müller, See Heng Yim et al. · 2026 · arXiv
Large language model (LLM)-based simulations of clinical patients are increasingly used for research and training, yet their validity requires persona stability: coherent maintenance of an assigned psychological profile across and within conversations. We evaluate this prerequisite using eating disorder personas grounded in five published case vignettes, a dual-assessment framework (self-report + independent observer ratings), and validated psychometric instruments (EDE-Q) with known ground-truth scores. Across six LLMs and two experiments (between-conversation stability (Exp. I) and within-co
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science
Vitaly Kurin, Maximilian Igl, Tim Rocktäschel et al. · 2020 · arXiv
Multitask Reinforcement Learning is a promising way to obtain models with better performance, generalisation, data efficiency, and robustness. Most existing work is limited to compatible settings, where the state and action space dimensions are the same across tasks. Graph Neural Networks (GNN) are one way to address incompatible environments, because they can process graphs of arbitrary size. They also allow practitioners to inject biases encoded in the structure of the input graph. Existing work in graph-based continuous control uses the physical morphology of the agent to construct the inpu
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics
Atsushi Taruya, Takahiro Nishimichi, Donghui Jeong · 2021 · arXiv
Perturbation theory (PT) has been used to interpret the observed nonlinear large-scale structure statistics at the quasi-linear regime. To facilitate the PT-based analysis, we have presented the GridSPT algorithm, a grid-based method to compute the nonlinear density and velocity fields in standard perturbation theory (SPT) from a given linear power spectrum. Here, we further put forward the approach by taking the redshift-space distortions into account. With the new implementation, we have, for the first time, generated the redshift-space density field to the fifth order and computed the next-
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science
Jin Zeng, Yang Liu, Gene Cheung et al. · 2022 · arXiv
A graph convolutional network (GCN) employs a graph filtering kernel tailored for data with irregular structures. However, simply stacking more GCN layers does not improve performance; instead, the output converges to an uninformative low-dimensional subspace, where the convergence rate is characterized by the graph spectrum -- this is the known over-smoothing problem in GCN. In this paper, we propose a sparse graph learning algorithm incorporating a new spectrum prior to compute a graph topology that circumvents over-smoothing while preserving pairwise correlations inherent in data. Specifica
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science
Wentao Zhao, Dalin Zhou, Xinguo Qiu et al. · 2020 · arXiv
Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been investigated for potential applicability in multiple fields that employ graph data. However, there are no standard training settings to ensure fair comparisons among new methods, including different model architectures and data augmentation techniques. We introduce a standard, reproducible benchmark to which the same training settings can be applied for node classification. For this benchmark, we constructed 9 datasets, including both small- and medium-scale datasets from different fields, and 7 different models. We design a k-fold model assessment strate
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Charles Jin, Melinda Sun, Martin Rinard · 2021 · arXiv
We propose a novel clustering mechanism based on an incompatibility property between subsets of data that emerges during model training. This mechanism partitions the dataset into subsets that generalize only to themselves, i.e., training on one subset does not improve performance on the other subsets. Leveraging the interaction between the dataset and the training process, our clustering mechanism partitions datasets into clusters that are defined by--and therefore meaningful to--the objective of the training process. We apply our clustering mechanism to defend against data poisoning attacks,
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics
Fabien Robineau, Frédéric Boy, Jean-Pierre Orliaguet et al. · 2006 · arXiv
Performing minimal-invasive surgical punctures require guiding a needle toward an intracorporeal clinically-defined target. As this technique does not involve cutting the body open, a visualization system is employed to provide the surgeon with indirect visual spatial information about the intracorporeal positions of the tool. One may consider that such systems reduce the ergonomics of the situation as they generate a decorrelation between the actual movement of the needle and the displayed information about this movement. The present study aims at assessing the guidance of an intracorporeal p
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science
Alexia Jolicoeur-Martineau · 2019 · arXiv
This paper provides a more rigorous look at Relativistic Generative Adversarial Networks (RGANs). We prove that the objective function of the discriminator is a statistical divergence for any concave function $f$ with minimal properties ($f(0)=0$, $f'(0) \neq 0$, $\sup_x f(x)>0$). We also devise a few variants of relativistic $f$-divergences. Wasserstein GAN was originally justified by the idea that the Wasserstein distance (WD) is most sensible because it is weak (i.e., it induces a weak topology). We show that the WD is weaker than $f$-divergences which are weaker than relativistic $f$-diver
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessOphthalmology
Jia-Wen Li, Yi-Jian Li, Xi-Su Hu et al. · 2020 · International Journal of Ophthalmology
AIM: To assess the biosafety of a poly(acrylamide-co-sodium acrylate) hydrogel (PAH) as a 3D-printed intraocular lens (IOL) material. METHODS: The biosafety of PAH was first evaluated in vitro using human lens epithelial cells (LECs) and the ARPE19 cell line, and a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed to investigate alterations in cell proliferation. A thin film of PAH and a conventional IOL were intraocularly implanted into the eyes of New Zealand white rabbits respectively, and a sham surgery served as control group. The anterior segment photographs, intraocular pressure (IOP), bl
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDentistry
Fatemeh Maleknejad, Saied Mostafa Moazzami, Elham Baradaran Nasseri et al. · 2011 · Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects
Background and aims. Adhesive permeability is hindered by application of an additional layer of hydrophobic resin, which increases its concentration within the hydrophilic layer, reduces its affinity to water, and enhances its physical properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a hydrophobic layer on the microleakage of class V composite restorations using different adhesives. Materials and methods. The adhesives including total-etch Scotchbond MP and Single Bond, and the self-etch Clearfil SE Bond and Clearfil S3 Bond were applied to 80 class V cavities in vitro on
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine
Krieglstein F, Jansen S, Meusel F et al. · 2024 · Acta psychologica
A growing body of research focuses on optimizing retrieval processes to help learners recall information from memory. The context-dependent memory effect suggests that information retrieval is more effective when the retrieval context…
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Yong Xue, Ai Zhao, Li Cai et al. · 2015 · PLoS ONE
OBJECTIVE:To explore the associations between picky eating behaviour and pre-schoolers' growth and development. Corresponding potential mechanisms, such as nutrient and food subgroup intake, as well as micronutrients in the blood, will be considered. METHODS:Picky eating behaviour was present if it was reported by parents. From various areas of China, 937 healthy children of 3-7 years old were recruited using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method. Children and their mothers' socio-demographic information and children's anthropometry, intelligence, blood samples, one 24-hour dietary
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine
Rössler J, Ott S, Li Y et al. · 2025 · Journal of clinical anesthesia
Background Chronic-kidney-disease (CKD) is prevalent among adults undergoing noncardiac surgery, with surgery-related factors potentially worsening CKD or triggering acute kidney injury (AKI). We hypothesized that CKD patients experience…
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Kormann S, Semadeni GM, Weber M et al. · 2024 · ACG case reports journal
Subepithelial gastric tumors are a diagnostic challenge. Endoscopic ultrasound allows differentiation. Lesions originating from the submucosal layer can be resected using endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Surgery or endoscopic…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMicrobiology
Yongzhi Zhang, Sen Feng, Lingyun Zhu et al. · 2023 · Frontiers in Microbiology
Zooplankton provides bacteria with a complex microhabitat richen in organic and inorganic nutrients, and the bacteria community also changes the physiochemical conditions for zooplankton, where the symbiotic relationship between them plays an important role in the nutrient cycle. However, there are few studies on the effect of associated bacteria on the population dynamics of rotifers. In order to make clear their relationships, we reconstructed the associated bacterial community in Brachionus calyciflorus culture, and examined the life history and population growth parameters, and analyzed th
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAnimal culture
A.B. Rodríguez, R. Bodas, B. Fernández et al. · 2007 · Animal
Two trials were undertaken to study the effects of cafeteria feeding systems on the feed intake, animal performance and carcass characteristics of growing lambs. Trial 1 was designed to compare conventional and cafeteria feeding systems in terms of the growth of individually reared lambs. For this assay, 26 weaned Merino lambs (15.5 ± 0.20 kg live weight) were assigned to three dietary treatment groups: (1) a control group fed barley straw and commercial concentrate under a conventional feeding system, (2) group W100S, fed soya-bean meal, whole barley grain and a mineral-vitamin supplement und
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessFood processing and manufacture
Chhanda Kapadia, Ketkee Deshmukh · 2017 · Journal of Excipients and Food Chemicals
Hydrophobic lubricants are commonly used to reduce the frictional forces generated during tableting but impart a hydrophobic film on the surface of the powder or granules. This negatively affects the performance properties of the resultant tablets by slowing disintegration and dissolution, which is especially problematic in the case of orally disintegrating tablets. In the present study a comparative evaluation of the lubricant capacity of Compritol® HD5 ATO was performed with commonly used amphiphilic lubricants, sodium stearyl fumarate and PEG 6000. The effect of concentration and mixing tim
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAnimal culture
M HANUMANTH RAO, V RAVINDER REDD, S V RAMA RAO et al. · 2019 · Indian Journal of Animal Sciences
A biological trial was undertaken to study the effect of inclusion of graded levels of commercial guar meal (CGM) in diet on the performance and nutrient digestibility in commercial broiler chickens. A total of 350 oneday- old broiler male chicks (Cobb 400) were reared on wire floor electrically heated battery brooders. The chicks were randomly divided into 7 groups. Each treatment had 10 replicates of 5 chicks each. All the groups received iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric diets. First group was fed maize-SBM; 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups were fed control diet during pre-starter phase (1–14 days),
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPublic aspects of medicine
Samet Jeffrey, Allensworth-Davies Donald, Cheng Debbie M et al. · 2011 · Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy
Abstract Background Chronic medical diseases require regular and longitudinal care and self-management for effective treatment. When chronic diseases include substance use disorders, care and treatment of both the medical and addiction disorders may affect access to care and the ability to focus on both conditions. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the association between the presence of chronic medical disease and recent addiction treatment utilization among adults with substance dependence. Methods Cross-sectional secondary data analysis of self-reported baseline data from alcohol a
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Dong Chengtung · 1987 · 针刺研究
Somatosensory evoked potentials(SEPs)were recorded simultaneously from the cervical spine and scalp in 10 normal subjects and 22 patients with cerebrovascular attack(9)and syringomelia(13)using median nerve stimulation.Patients were considered as having abnormal studies,if either N_(18) were absent or if their peak latencies were prolonged more than 21.1 msec,or if the difference of (N_(13)-N_(18))conduction time was more than 7.53 msec.In addition,side-to-side value for(N_(13)-N_(18))were compared, these normally differ by less than 1.38 msec. The results may be summarized as followings: Acup
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