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Browse the failure-mode index

21,778 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

[Comparison of Imaging Efficacy and Patient Tolerability Between a Novel Cellulose-Based anda Conventional Starch-Based Oral Contrast Agent: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial].

Liang H, Gui Y, Lv K et al. · 2026 · Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae

Objective To compare the imaging efficacy and patient tolerability of a novel cellulose-based oral contrast agent with a conventional starch-based agent in gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound,thus providing evidence-based support for…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Consequences of the 2022 Intravenous Contrast Shortage on Emergency Department Care: A Retrospective Study.

Bellew S, Tjiattas-Saleski L, Butz D et al. · 2026 · The western journal of emergency medicine

Introduction Computed tomography (CT) is an essential diagnostic tool for evaluating emergency department (ED) patients. Between 15-20% of patients who present to the ED in the United States (US) undergo CT imaging. CT imaging with the use…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Urolithin A improves motility, antioxidant defense, and mitochondrial function of chilled canine spermatozoa during 72-h liquid storage.

Mirzaei R, Soleimanzadeh A, Asri-Rezaei S · 2026 · Scientific reports

Dog semen conservation at cold temperatures (5 °C) is a valuable reproductive management tool, but it is bedeviled by issues of oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage that reduce sperm quality and viability. Urolithin A (UA), a natural…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessLanguage and Literature

Young People's Attitudes Toward the Causes of Drug Abuse and Its Effects on the Family and Society

khawla Alobeidli, Mohammed AL Hourani · 2026 · مجلة الآداب

This study aimed to identify young people's attitudes toward the causes of drug use and its effects on the family and society. Data were collected through a questionnaire distributed to a sample of 143 students at the University of Sharjah. The results showed that less than half of the participants (42.0%) believed that a weak religious conscience is a reason for drug use, while nearly half (41.3%) agreed that bad company is one of the individual factors leading to drug use. Additionally, 30.8% of the participants were uncertain whether traveling for recreation contributes to drug use. The qua

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessGynecology and obstetrics

Sleep hygiene education during prenatal care visits: A quasi–experimental study

Sepideh Mashayekh-Amiri, Fatemeh Bakouei, Sedighe Esmaeilzadeh et al. · 2019 · Caspian Journal of Reproductive Medicine

Background: The effect of individual sleep hygiene education on sleep quality components remains largely unknown during pregnancy. This study aimed to assess the effect of a short-term sleep hygiene education during prenatal care visits on pregnant women with poor sleep quality. Methods: A quasi-experimental study, designed as a pre- and post-test with a single group, was conducted on 32 pregnant woman with poor sleep quality. All the participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The women with good sleep qu

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDentistry

Sealing ability of a new calcium silicate based material as a dentin substitute in class II sandwich restorations: An in vitro study

Raji Viola Solomon, Parupalli Karunakar, Deepthi Sarvani Grandhala et al. · 2014 · Journal of Oral Research and Review

Background: Class ll sandwich restorations are routinely performed where conventional Glass ionomer cement (GIC) or Resin-modified GIC (RMGIC) is used as a base or dentin substitute and a light curing composite resin restorative material is used as an enamel substitute. Various authors have evaluated the microleakage of composite resin restorations where glass ionomer cement has been used as a base in class II sandwich restorations, but a literature survey reveals limited studies on the microleakage analysis of similar restorations with biodentine as a dentin substitute, as an alternative to g

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEducation

The degree of enhancing the values of integrity among the female secondary school students from the point of view of the female teachers in Jeddah Governorate

Amaal Abdulrahman Al-Awydi, Prof. Olfat Abdulaziz Al-Ashi · 2026 · مجلة بحوث التعليم والإبتكار

The study aimed to identify integrity values among secondary school students from the perspective of their teachers. A descriptive survey methodology was used, employing a general data form and an integrity values scale. The study sample (367) is a secondary school teacher in Jeddah Governorate. Results. The overall degree of integrity values promotion across its various dimensions among the study sample, from the teachers' perspective, was high. The dimensions of integrity values promotion were ranked as follows: first, justice; second, dedication to work; and third, honesty—all with high sco

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Efficacy and Safety of Penile Girth Enhancement Using Hyaluronic Acid Filler and the Clinical Impact on Ejaculation: A Multi-Center, Patient/ Evaluator-Blinded, Randomized Active-Controlled Trial

Sun Tae Ahn, Ji Sung Shim, Woong Jin Bae et al. · 2022 · The World Journal of Men's Health

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of penile girth enhancement (PGE) using hyaluronic acid (HA) filler with different physical properties from previous studies. Additionally, we evaluated the clinical impact on ejaculation after PGE. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, patient/evaluator-blinded, randomized, active-controlled, multicenter trial. Patients recruited between December 2017 and March 2018 were randomly assigned to the HA filler or control group (polylactic acid [PLA] filler). Penile girth, satisfaction level, Premature Ejaculation Profile (PEP), and sel

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessOrthopedic surgery

Measurement of midshaft clavicle vertical displacement is not influenced by radiographic projection

Paul Hoogervorst, MD, Aman Chopra, Zachary M. Working et al. · 2020 · JSES International

Background: Measured shortening of midshaft clavicle fracture fragments is known to be influenced by multiple factors. The influence of radiographic projection on vertical displacement is unclear. The aims of this study were (1) to quantify the difference in measurements of vertical displacement in an absolute, relative, and categorical manner between 5 different projections; (2) to quantify the differences in interobserver and intraobserver agreement using a standardized method for measuring vertical displacement; and (3) to assess the association between categorical and continuous descriptio

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The importance of procalcitonin in early diagnosis of sepsis

Funda Yetkin, Sibel Altunisik Toplu · 2017 · Medicine Science

Despite the advances and a wide range of studies conducted, sepsis is one of the most frequent causes of death in patients with critical health condition. Early diagnosis, rapid and effective treatment are extremely important. Use of procalcitonin (PCT) for this purpose has become widespread and notable recently. Procalcitonin is an important test as “point-of-care testing (POCT)” just like C-reactive protein (CRP). Procalcitonin is the prohormone of calcitonin. It is released from the parenchymal cells of the liver, kidneys and muscles, and in response to bacterial toxins, it is released from

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSpecial aspects of education

الحالة المزاجية المميزة للتلميذات ذوات صعوبات التعلم في المرحلة الابتدائية The Temperamental Status that Distinguishes Female Students with Learning Disabilities at Elementary School

نسرين أحمد الضبيب, زيدان أحمد السرطاوي · 2016 · مجلة التربیة الخاصة والتأهیل

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى التعرف على الحالة المزاجية المميزة للتلميذات ذوات صعوبات التعلم في المرحلة الابتدائية، وإلى التعرف على الفروق الدالة إحصائياً في الحالة المزاجية بين التلميذات ذوات صعوبات التعلم، والتلميذات العاديات. وتکونت عينة الدراسة من )٣٠٢) تلميذة، من الصفوف الابتدائية الثلاثة العليا، بواقع )١٤٢) تلميذة من ذوات صعوبات التعلم، و(١٦٠) تلميذة عادية. واستخدم اختبار الحالة المزاجية للأطفال، لطنطاوي، وعجلان (١٩٩٥)، کأداة للدراسة. توصلت النتائج إلى أن أکثر أبعاد الحالة المزاجية لذوات صعوبات التعلم إيجابية بحسب قيم المتوسط الأعلى على التوالي هي: حدة رد الفعل، الاندفاع، مستوى النشاط، الاقت

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurology. Diseases of the nervous system

Functional outcomes and subjective recovery of jumping to conclusions in schizophrenia

Seiichi Watanabe, Takamichi Taniguchi, Motoko Sugihara · 2021 · Schizophrenia Research: Cognition

This study investigated the effects of the bias known as jumping to conclusions (JTC) on objective functional outcomes as well as subjective assessments of quality of life (QoL) and personal recovery among a sample of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Specifically, this study assessed the variables of JTC, psychiatric symptoms, neurocognitive functioning, objective interpersonal and daily activities, vocational domains, subjective QoL, and personal recovery among 94 participants. Results showed that those in the JTC group had significantly lower neurocognitive and functional outcomes (mod

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Optic Nerve Head and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Analysis in Ocular Hypertension and Early-Stage Glucoma Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Copernicus

Nilgün Solmaz, Onur Yaya, Feyza Önder · 2014 · Türk Oftalmoloji Dergisi

Objectives: Evaluation of structural alterations of the optic nerve head (ONH) and the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in patients with ocular hypertension (OHT) and early-stage glaucoma and assessment of the discriminatory diagnostic performance of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) Copernicus (Optopol Technology S.A.). Materials and Methods: This study included 59 eyes of a total of 59 patients, 29 of whom were diagnosed with OHT (Group 1) and 30 with early-stage glaucoma (Group 2). The differentiation of early-stage glaucoma and OHT was carried out on the basis of standa

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessScience (General)

Determination of cyberloafing level of speech and Language Therapy Department students

Fenise Selin Karali, Samet Tosun, Meltem Şen-Aksüt et al. · 2024 · Heliyon

Cyberloafing is the use of (e.g. smartphones, tablets, laptops, and the Internet) for purposes other than work related reasons during work hours. Although cyberloafing in the workplace has been widely investigated, there is relatively a small number of studies on cyberloafing behaviors in educational settings, which refer to students' tendencies to use technology for non-class-related purposes during lectures. The goal of the current study is to determine how frequently and for what purposes speech and language therapy (SLT) students at Biruni University engage in cyberloafing during lectures.

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessGynecology and obstetrics

The effect of combined herbal capsules (Menohelp®) on early symptoms of menopause: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial

Fariba Mousavi, Sakineh Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, Mojgan Mirgafourvand et al. · 2023 · Majallah-i Zanān, Māmā̓ī va Nāzā̓ī-i Īrān

Introduction: Early symptoms of menopause are very common and often very bothersome. Considering the increasing number of women experiencing these symptoms in the world and Iran, there is a growing need to use methods to reduce these symptoms. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to determine the effect of the combined herbal capsules (Menohelp) on reducing the early symptoms of menopause, number and intensity of hot flashes (primary outcomes), and improving sleep quality and quality of life (secondary outcomes) in menopausal women. Methods: In this double-blind trial in Tabriz, 100 wo

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDentistry

In Vitro Evaluation of the Effect of Different Sandblasting Times on the Bond Strength of Feldspathic Porcelain to Composite Resin

Ebrahim Amin Salehi, Haleh Heshmat, Elham Moravej Salehi et al. · 2013 · Journal of Islamic Dental Association of Iran

Background and Aim: Intraoral repair of fractured porcelain is an acceptable method to avoid replacement and therefore saving time and cost. The purpose of this study was to determine the in-vitro shear bond strengths of composite resin to feldspathic porcelain after different durations of sandblasting and to compare the effect of sandblasting with that of hydrofluoric acid (HF ). Materials and Methods : In this in-vitro study, 40 porcelain disks were fabricated and randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10). Porcelain surface in group 1 was etched with 9.5% HF for 2 minutes. Groups 2, 3 and 4 were

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Effect of Racking Systems Versus Enriched Terraria on Fecal Glucocorticoid Metabolites in Four Species of Captive Snakes: A Pilot Study.

Olvera-Maneu S, Regidor M, Serres-Corral P et al. · 2026 · Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

Fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGM) are widely used to assess hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) activity in vertebrates, but their applicability to reptiles, and more specifically to snakes, remains poorly explored. The objective of…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNursing

Medical Rehabilitation of Children With Idiopathic Scoliosis: Monotherapy or Combined Therapy. A Systematic Literature Review

Nora Kasparaitytė, Juozas Raistenskis, Lina Budrienė et al. · 2025 · Reabilitacijos Mokslai: Slauga, Kineziterapija, Ergoterapija

Background. Idiopathic scoliosis is among the most common spinal disorders diagnosed in 1–3% of children and adolescents. Treatment choice is related to disease severity, with a Cobb angle of 20–40°, a corrective brace or phys­iotherapy can stop its progression. However, insufficient research has shown whether combined treatment is better than monotherapy. Aim. To evaluate the effect of combining bracing and physiotherapy to reduce spinal deformity, improve quality of life and lung function, and compare the results with those of monotherapy. Determine the optimal duration of combined rehabilit

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPlant culture

Culture of Steinernema glaseri on three solid media and their virulence against Galleria mellonella larvae

Carlos I. Cortés-Martínez, Adriana Ines Rodríguez-Hernández, Ma del Rocío López-Cuellar et al. · 2023 · Plant Protection Science

Steinernema glaseri is a potential biocontrol agent against white grubs of the Phyllophaga spp. complex; however, its suitability for in vitro multiplication has been scarcely investigated. In this study, the effects of the surface culture of NJ-43 strain with its symbiotic bacteria Xenorhabdus poinarii on egg-yolk agar (P2), chicken-liver agar and nutrient meat-peptone (MP) agar on infective juvenile (IJ) productivity and their virulence against Galleria mellonella larvae were investigated. The bacteria on the surface of the agar were first incubated in darkness at 30 °C for 54-102 h, and the

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Impact of Cross-Sectoral Video Consultation on Perceived Care Coordination and Information Satisfaction in Cancer Care: Randomized Controlled Trial

Fereshteh Baygi, Theis Bitz Trabjerg, Lars Henrik Jensen et al. · 2025 · JMIR Formative Research

BackgroundEnhancing care coordination and sharing information in cancer care improves patient experiences by promoting clarity and satisfaction. ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the impact of cross-sectoral video consultation on patient perceptions of care coordination and satisfaction with received information compared to usual care. MethodsThis study presents secondary outcomes on patient perceptions of care coordination and satisfaction with received information from a 7-month follow-up of the Partnership Project. In this randomized controlled trial, patients with cancer were allocated to

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessVeterinary medicine

Combination Therapeutic Effect of Antibacterial and Antiviral Agents on Feline Chronic Gingivostomatitis Nonbounded to Prior Tooth Extraction Confirmed by Physical Signs and Clinical Biomarkers

Masato Katayama, Yukina Uemura · 2026 · Veterinary Sciences

Background: Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is refractory stomatitis in cats. The cure rate of tooth extraction selected as a primary surgical treatment is insufficient. Methods: 52 FCGS-suspected cats, including 22 tooth-extracted and 30 unextracted cats, were studied. Commercially available antiviral and antibacterial agents were orally administered as initial treatment, followed by the antiviral agent solely as maintenance therapy. We examined the influence of prior tooth extraction on the therapeutic efficacy of these two drugs by analyzing changes in some physical signs and clinic

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPublic aspects of medicine

Recursive Path Model for Health Literacy: The Effect of Social Support and Geographical Residence

Éva Bíró, Ferenc Vincze, Gabriella Mátyás et al. · 2021 · Frontiers in Public Health

Background: The public health relevance of health literacy is highlighted by the fact that its higher levels can improve health outcomes and reduce health inequities. In order to design effective interventions for improving health literacy, the relationship between health literacy and other factors such as sociodemographic variables, subjective health and social support must be understood.Objective: Our aim was to test a socioecological model of the determinants of health literacy with a special focus on the effect of residence. Our study investigated geographical differences regarding the lev

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSurgery

Radiofrequency Ablation for 110 Malignant Liver Tumours: Preliminary Results on Percutaneous and Surgical Approaches

J. Wong, K.F. Lee, P.S.F. Lee et al. · 2009 · Asian Journal of Surgery

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been widely applied for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastases. The reported mortality and morbidity rates are low. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of RFA, and compare the results performed percutaneously versus surgically. Patients and Methods: From 2003 to 2006, 79 patients with hepatic malignancies (59 hepatocellular carcinoma, 20 liver metastases) with a total of 110 lesions underwent RFA in our centre. Post-ablation assessment by CT scan was performed in all patients at 1-, 3- and 6-month intervals. Pos

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