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Browse the failure-mode index

21,681 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Replication FailureOpen accessComputer Science

The reliability of acceptability judgments across languages

Tal Linzen, Yohei Oseki · 2018 · Glossa a journal of general linguistics

The reliability of acceptability judgments made by individual linguists has often been called into question. Recent large-scale replication studies conducted in response to this criticism have shown that the majority of published English acceptability judgments are robust. We make two observations about these replication studies. First, we raise the concern that English acceptability judgments may be more reliable than judgments in other languages. Second, we argue that it is unnecessary to replicate judgments that illustrate uncontroversial descriptive facts; rather, candidates for replicatio

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Circulating Unmetabolized Folic Acid: Relationship to Folate Status and Effect of Supplementation

Carolyn Tam, Deborah L. O’Connor, Gideon Koren · 2012 · Obstetrics and Gynecology International

There are increasing concerns that exposure to unmetabolized folic acid, which results from folic acid intakes that overwhelm the liver's metabolic capacity, may be associated with adverse effects. In this paper, we examined the folic acid status of women of reproductive age in relation to dietary intake and the effect of folic acid supplementation (1.1 mg or 5 mg). Plasma unmetabolized folic acid was not significantly correlated with folate intake estimated by food frequency questionnaire or biomarkers. The proportion of women with detectable levels of unmetabolized folic acid increased from

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Negative / Null Result ReportBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Contactin 4 as an autism susceptibility locus

Catherine E. Cottrell, Natalie Bir, Liz Varga et al. · 2011 · Autism Research

Structural and sequence variation have been described in several members of the contactin (CNTN) and contactin-associated protein (CNTNAP) gene families in association with neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism. Using array…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma: University of Cincinnati experience

Nagla Abdel Karim, James Schuster, Ihab Eldessouki et al. · 2017 · Oncotarget

// Nagla Abdel Karim 1 , James Schuster 2 , Ihab Eldessouki 1 , Ola Gaber 1 , Tariq Namad 3 , Jiang Wang 4 , Changchun Xie 5 and John C. Morris 1 1 Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA 2 University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA 3 Military Hospital of Mohammed V, Department of Medical Oncology, Quartier Irfane, Rabat 10080, Morocco 4 UC Health University Hospital, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA 5 Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Environmental H

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Anti-VEGF treatment of macular edema associated with retinal vein occlusion: patterns of use and effectiveness in clinical practice (ECHO study report 2)

J. Michael Jumper, Pravin U. Dugel, Sanford Chen et al. · 2018 · Clinical ophthalmology

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and injection frequency of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antagonists in the treatment of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in clinical practice. PATIENTS AND…

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Negative / Null Result Report

Microfluidic endothelial cell culture model to replicate disturbed flow conditions seen in atherosclerosis susceptible regions

Rosendo Estrada, Guruprasad A. Giridharan, Mai-Dung Nguyen et al. · 2011 · Biomicrofluidics

Atherosclerotic lesions occur non-randomly at vascular niches in bends and bifurcations where fluid flow can be characterized as “disturbed” (low shear stress with both forward and retrograde flow). Endothelial cells (ECs) at these…

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Negative / Null Result Report

Three Attempts to Replicate the Moral Licensing Effect

Irene Blanken, Niels van de Ven, Marcel Zeelenberg et al. · 2014 · Social Psychology

The present work includes three attempts to replicate the moral licensing effect by Sachdeva, Iliev, and Medin (2009) . The original authors found that writing about positive traits led to lower donations to charity and decreased…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

External Validation of the Kidney Failure Risk Equation and Re-Calibration with Addition of Ultrasound Parameters

C. Lennartz, John W. Pickering, Sarah Seiler-Mußler et al. · 2016 · Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Progression of CKD toward ESRD is heterogeneous. The Kidney Failure Risk Equation (KFRE) was developed to identify CKD patients at high risk of ESRD. We aimed to externally validate KFRE and to test whether the…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Physical injury and workplace assault in UK mental health trusts: An analysis of formal reports

Laoise Renwick, Mary Lavelle, G. BRENNAN et al. · 2016 · International Journal of Mental Health Nursing

Workplace violence is a significant problem for health service personnel, with National Health Service (NHS) workers subject to 68 683 physical assaults between 2013 and 2014. Almost 70% of assaults occur in the mental health sector, and…

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Negative / Null Result ReportSocial Sciences

Trust It or Not

Haeseung Seo, Aiping Xiong, Dongwon Lee · 2019

Despite increased interests in the study of fake news, how to aid users' decision in handling suspicious or false information has not been well understood. To obtain a better understanding on the impact of warnings on individuals' fake…

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Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessEngineering

A microfluidic transistor for automatic control of liquids

Kaustav A. Gopinathan, Avanish Mishra, Baris R. Mutlu et al. · 2023 · Nature

Abstract Microfluidics have enabled notable advances in molecular biology 1,2 , synthetic chemistry 3,4 , diagnostics 5,6 and tissue engineering 7 . However, there has long been a critical need in the field to manipulate fluids and suspended matter with the precision, modularity and scalability of electronic circuits 8–10 . Just as the electronic transistor enabled unprecedented advances in the automatic control of electricity on an electronic chip, a microfluidic analogue to the transistor could enable improvements in the automatic control of reagents, droplets and single cells on a microflui

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Negative / Null Result ReportPsychology

Comparing learning from observing and from human tutoring.

Kasia Müldner, Rachel Lam, T. H. Michelene · 2013 · Journal of Educational Psychology

A promising instructional approach corresponds to learning by observing others learn (i.e., by watching tutorial dialogue between a tutor and tutee). However, more work is needed to understand this approach’s pedagogical utility. Thus, in…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The effect of preoperative chemotherapy treatment in surgically treated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients—A multi‐institutional analysis

Stefan Buettner, Bas Groot Koerkamp, Aslam Ejaz et al. · 2017 · Journal of Surgical Oncology

INTRODUCTION: While preoperative chemotherapy (pCT) is utilized in many intra-abdominal cancers, the use of pCT among patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remains ill defined. As such, the objective of the current study was…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Reference values for the 6-Min Walking Test in obese subjects

Paolo Capodaglio, Shirley A. De Souza, Cinzia Parisio et al. · 2012 · Disability and Rehabilitation

PURPOSE: The 6-Min Walking Test (6MWT) is widely used to measure the performance in various chronic conditions, such as in obese subjects. Reference equations for predicting distance walked during 6MWT specifically in adult obese subjects…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The Era of Antimicrobial Peptides: Use of Hepcidins to Prevent or Treat Bacterial Infections and Iron Disorders

Carolina Barroso, Pedro Carvalho, M.C. Nunes et al. · 2021 · Frontiers in Immunology

The current treatments applied in aquaculture to limit disease dissemination are mostly based on the use of antibiotics, either as prophylactic or therapeutic agents, with vaccines being available for a limited number of fish species and pathogens. Antimicrobial peptides are considered as promising novel substances to be used in aquaculture, due to their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. Hepcidin, the major iron metabolism regulator, is found as a single gene in most mammals, but in certain fish species, including the European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax ), two different hepci

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology

Overcoming resistance to STING agonist therapy to incite durable protective antitumor immunity

Henrique Lemos, Rong Ou, Caroline McCardle et al. · 2020 · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer

BACKGROUND: Activating the Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) adaptor incites antitumor immunity against immunogenic tumors in mice, prompting clinical trials to test STING activators. However, STING signaling in the tumor microenvironment (TME) during development of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) suppresses antitumor immunity to promote tumor growth. We hypothesized that local immune balance favoring suppression of antitumor immunity also attenuates antitumor responses following STING activation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how STING activation impacts antitumor responses in mic

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Selective Mediastinal Lymph Node Dissection Strategy for Clinical T1N0 Invasive Lung Cancer: A Prospective, Multicenter, Clinical Trial

Yang Zhang, Chaoqiang Deng, Qiang Zheng et al. · 2023 · Journal of Thoracic Oncology

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to prospectively evaluate our previously proposed selective mediastinal lymph node (LN) dissection strategy for peripheral clinical T1N0 invasive NSCLC. METHODS: This is a multicenter, prospective clinical trial in…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Multi-omics strategies for biomarker discovery and application in personalized oncology

Ziming Jiang, Haoxuan Zhang, Yibo Gao et al. · 2025 · Molecular Biomedicine

Multi-omics strategies, integrating genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, have revolutionized biomarker discovery and enabled novel applications in personalized oncology. Despite rapid technological developments, a comprehensive synthesis addressing integration strategies, analytical workflows, and translational applications has been lacking. This review presents a comprehensive framework of multi-omics integration, encompassing workflows, analytical techniques, and computational tools for both horizontal and vertical integration strategies, with particular emphasis on machi

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Uremic pruritus. Clinical and experimental studies

Mona Ståhle‐Bäckdahl · 2026 · Acta Dermato Venereologica

The aim of the study was to investigate clinical aspects of pruritus in maintenance hemodialysis patients and to evaluate factors of putative pathogenic importance. 60-65% of the patients in a maintenance hemodialysis program during a…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental Science

Do community‐level models describe community variation effectively?

Andrés Baselga, Miguel B. Araújo · 2010 · Journal of Biogeography

Abstract Aim The aim of community‐level modelling is to improve the performance of species distributional models by taking patterns of co‐occurrence among species into account. Here, we test this expectation by examining how well three…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Fitting methods for intravoxel incoherent motion imaging of prostate cancer on region of interest level: Repeatability and gleason score prediction

Harri Merisaari, Parisa Movahedi, Ileana Montoya Perez et al. · 2016 · Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

Purpose To evaluate different fitting methods for intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging of prostate cancer in the terms of repeatability and Gleason score prediction. Methods Eighty‐one patients with histologically confirmed prostate…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Cross-cultural Adaptation, Reliability and Validity of the DAFS-R in a Sample of Brazilian Older Adults

Fabrício Pereira, Alexandra Martini de Oliveira, Breno S. Diniz et al. · 2010 · Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology

The Direct Assessment of Functional Status-Revised (DAFS-R) is an instrument developed to objectively measure functional capacities required for independent living. The objective of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental Science

A Multicentre Open-Label Safety and Efficacy Study of Tetrodotoxin for Cancer Pain

Neil A. Hagen, Bernard Lapointe, May Ong-Lam et al. · 2011 · Current Oncology

BACKGROUND: Cancer pain is highly prevalent, and existing treatments are often insufficient to provide adequate relief. OBJECTIVES: We assessed the long-term safety and efficacy of subcutaneous tetrodotoxin treatment in reducing the intensity of chronic cancer-related pain. METHODS: In this multicentre open-label longitudinal trial, 30 μg tetrodotoxin was administered subcutaneously twice daily for 4 days in a heterogeneous cohort of patients with persistent pain despite opioids and other analgesics. "Responder" was defined as a mean reduction of 30% or more in pain intensity from baseline; an

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The Predictive Value of the Fine-Needle Aspiration Diagnosis “Suspicious for a Follicular Neoplasm, Hürthle Cell Type” in Patients With Hashimoto Thyroiditis

Michael H. Roh, Vickie Y. Jo, Edward B. Stelow et al. · 2010 · American Journal of Clinical Pathology

A fine-needle aspiration sample composed exclusively of Hürthle cells is interpreted as "suspicious for a follicular neoplasm, Hürthle cell type" (SFNHCT). Because some nonneoplastic Hürthle cell proliferations in Hashimoto thyroiditis…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

PD-L1 (CD274) and PD-L2 (PDCD1LG2) promoter methylation is associated with HPV infection and transcriptional repression in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas

Alina Franzen, Timo Vogt, Tim Müller et al. · 2017 · Oncotarget

// Alina Franzen 1 , Timo J. Vogt 1 , Tim Müller 2 , Jörn Dietrich 1 , Andreas Schröck 1 , Carsten Golletz 2 , Peter Brossart 3 , Friedrich Bootz 1 , Jennifer Landsberg 4 , Glen Kristiansen 2 and Dimo Dietrich 1 1 Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany 2 Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany 3 Department of Oncology, Hematology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany 4 Department of Dermatology, Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Germany Correspondence to: Dimo Dietrich, email: dimo.di

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