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Browse the failure-mode index

21,670 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNursing

Antioxidants and Reactive Oxygen Species: Shaping Human Health and Disease Outcomes

Charles F. Manful, Eric Fordjour, Dasinaa Subramaniam et al. · 2025 · International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Reactive molecules, including oxygen and nitrogen species, serve dual roles in human physiology. While they function as essential signaling molecules under normal physiological conditions, they contribute to cellular dysfunction and damage when produced in excess by normal metabolism or in response to stressors. Oxidative/nitrosative stress is a pathological state, resulting from the overproduction of reactive species exceeding the antioxidant capacity of the body, which is implicated in several chronic human diseases. Antioxidant therapies aimed at restoring redox balance and preventing oxida

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

BenSignNet: Bengali Sign Language Alphabet Recognition Using Concatenated Segmentation and Convolutional Neural Network

Abu Saleh Musa Miah, Jungpil Shin, Md. Al Mehedi Hasan et al. · 2022 · Applied Sciences

Sign language recognition is one of the most challenging applications in machine learning and human-computer interaction. Many researchers have developed classification models for different sign languages such as English, Arabic, Japanese, and Bengali; however, no significant research has been done on the general-shape performance for different datasets. Most research work has achieved satisfactory performance with a small dataset. These models may fail to replicate the same performance for evaluating different and larger datasets. In this context, this paper proposes a novel method for recogn

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Biomarker signatures for progressive idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Britt Clynick, Tamera J. Corte, Helen E. Jo et al. · 2021 · European Respiratory Journal

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease in which circulatory biomarkers have the potential for guiding management in clinical practice. We assessed the prognostic role of serum biomarkers in three…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEngineering

Fixed Effects Estimation of the Intensive and Extensive Margins of Irrigation Water Demand

Nathan Hendricks, Jeffrey M. Peterson, Hendricks, Nathan P. et al. · 2012 · AgEcon Search (University of Minnesota, USA)

Irrigation water demand is estimated using field-level panel data from Kansas over 16 years. The cost of pumping varies over time due to changes in energy prices and across space due to differences in the depth to water. Exploiting this…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDentistry

Enamel Bond Strength of New Universal Adhesive Bonding Agents

DE McLean, EJ Meyers, VL Guillory et al. · 2015 · Operative Dentistry

PURPOSE: Universal bonding agents have been introduced for use as self-etch or etch-and-rinse adhesives depending on the dental substrate and clinician's preference. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS)…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics and Astronomy

What's in Your Tweets? I Know Who You Supported in the UK 2010 General Election

Antoine Boutet, Hyoungshick Kim, Eiko Yoneki · 2021 · Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media

Nowadays, the use of social media such as Twitter is necessary to monitor trends of people on political issues. As a case study, we collected the main stream of Twitter related to the 2010 UK general election during the associated period.…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental Science

Inferred Paternity and Male Reproductive Success in a Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Population

Michael J. Ford, M. Bradley Hanson, Jennifer A. Hempelmann et al. · 2011 · Journal of Heredity

We used data from 78 individuals at 26 microsatellite loci to infer parental and sibling relationships within a community of fish-eating ("resident") eastern North Pacific killer whales (Orcinus orca). Paternity analysis involving 15…

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Negative / Null Result ReportNeuroscience

A Pilot Study on the Combination of Applied Behavior Analysis and Bumetanide Treatment for Children with Autism

Lin Du, Ling Shan, Bing Wang et al. · 2015 · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of combined bumetanide and applied behavior analysis (ABA) treatment in children with autism. METHODS: Sixty children diagnosed with autism according to the…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Benralizumab effect on severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP): A randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial

Jody Tversky, Andrew P. Lane, Antoine Azar · 2021 · Clinical & Experimental Allergy

BACKGROUND: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) can be a severe and debilitating disease associated with significant morbidity, loss of smell, sinus pressure and asthma exacerbations. Eosinophils play a role in the majority…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Telepractice Versus In-Person Delivery of Voice Therapy for Primary Muscle Tension Dysphonia

Balaji Rangarathnam, Gary H. McCullough, Hylan Pickett et al. · 2015 · American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of telepractice for delivering flow phonation exercises to persons with primary muscle tension dysphonia (MTD). METHOD: Fourteen participants with a diagnosis of primary MTD…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Patterns of distant metastases in 215 Merkel cell carcinoma patients: Implications for prognosis and surveillance

Christopher W. Lewis, Jamiluddin Qazi, Daniel S. Hippe et al. · 2019 · Cancer Medicine

Approximately one-third of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) patients eventually develop distant metastatic disease. Little is known about whether the location of the primary lesion is predictive of initial distant metastatic site, or if survival likelihood differs depending on the metastatic site. Such data could inform imaging/surveillance practices and improve prognostic accuracy. Multivariate and competing-risk analyses were performed on a cohort of 215 MCC patients with distant metastases, 31% of whom had two or more initial sites of distant metastasis. At time of initial distant metastasis in

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Survival effect of first- and second-line treatments for patients with primary glioblastoma: a cohort study from a prospective registry, 1997-2010

Felice Nava, Irene Tramacere, Veronica Andrea Fittipaldo et al. · 2014 · Neuro-Oncology

BACKGROUND: Prospective follow-up studies of large cohorts of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) are needed to assess the effectiveness of conventional treatments in clinical practice. We report GBM survival data from the Brain Cancer…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Hemorrhage after Transoral Robotic‐Assisted Surgery

Scott A. Asher, Hilliary N. White, Alexandra E. Kejner et al. · 2013 · Otolaryngology

OBJECTIVE: An increasing number of head and neck surgeons have begun using transoral robotic-assisted surgery. Our objective was to examine the postoperative bleeding complications we have encountered to determine risk factors and to…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Treatment with bexarotene, a compound that increases apolipoprotein-E, provides no cognitive benefit in mutant APP/PS1 mice

Katherine D. LaClair, Kebreten F. Manaye, Dexter L. Lee et al. · 2013 · Molecular Neurodegeneration

BACKGROUND: Though the precise cause(s) of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain unknown, there is strong evidence that decreased clearance of β-amyloid (Aβ) from the brain can contribute to the disease. Therapeutic strategies to promote natural Aβ clearance mechanisms, such as the protein apolipoprotein-E (APOE), hold promise for the treatment of AD. The amount of APOE in the brain is regulated by nuclear receptors including retinoid X receptors (RXRs). Drugs that activate RXRs, including bexarotene, can increase APOE and ABCA1 production, and have been shown to decrease the Aβ burden and improve c

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Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessMedicine

African Ancestry and Genetic Risk for Uterine Leiomyomata

Lauren A. Wise, Edward Ruiz-Narváez, Julie R. Palmer et al. · 2012 · American Journal of Epidemiology

Rates of uterine leiomyomata (UL) are 2-3 times higher in African Americans than in European Americans. It is unclear whether inherited factors explain the ethnic disparity. To investigate the presence of risk alleles for UL that are…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEconomics, Econometrics and Finance

The untapped potential of preferential trade agreements for climate governance

Jean‐Frédéric Morin, Sikina Jinnah · 2018 · Environmental Politics

The regulatory contribution that preferential trade agreements (PTAs) make to global climate governance is assessed through an analysis of climate-related provisions found in 688 PTAs signed between 1947 and 2016. Provisions are analyzed…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Copy Number Variation in Familial Parkinson Disease

Nathan Pankratz, Alexandra Dumitriu, Kurt N. Hetrick et al. · 2011 · PLoS ONE

Copy number variants (CNVs) are known to cause Mendelian forms of Parkinson disease (PD), most notably in SNCA and PARK2. PARK2 has a recessive mode of inheritance; however, recent evidence demonstrates that a single CNV in PARK2 (but not a single missense mutation) may increase risk for PD. We recently performed a genome-wide association study for PD that excluded individuals known to have either a LRRK2 mutation or two PARK2 mutations. Data from the Illumina370Duo arrays were re-clustered using only white individuals with high quality intensity data, and CNV calls were made using two algorit

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Negative / Null Result ReportEnvironmental Science

Heterocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Show Estrogenic Activity upon Metabolization in a Recombinant Transactivation Assay

Markus Brinkmann, Sibylle Maletz, Martin Krauß et al. · 2014 · Environmental Science & Technology

Heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (hetero-PAHs) are increasingly studied at contaminated sites; especially at former industrial facilities where coal tar-oil was handled, e.g., wood treatment plants, high concentrations of hetero-PAHs are…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Sustainability of Communication, Organizational Culture, Cooperation, Trust and Leadership Style for Lecturer Commitments in Higher Education

Abd. Syakur, Tri Achmad Budi Susilo, Wike Wike et al. · 2020 · Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal) Humanities and Social Sciences

This reserach was focused and related to effect of sustainability communication, bureaucracy structure and public support which have significant effect toward policy implementation performance and to execute Three Dharma (education, research and comunity service) in higher education. Communication, resources, bureaucracy structure and public support has its influence against disposition. In bureaucracy structure, public support has significant effect toward its main resources which is lecturer or its teaching staff. This study aimed to analyze the effect of communication and organizational cul

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Negative / Null Result ReportPsychology

Middle ground approach to paradox: Within- and between-culture examination of the creative benefits of paradoxical frames.

Angela K.‐Y. Leung, Shyhnan Liou, Ella Miron‐Spektor et al. · 2017 · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Thriving in increasingly complex and ambiguous environments requires creativity and the capability to reconcile conflicting demands. Recent evidence with Western samples has suggested that paradoxical frames, or mental templates that…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Slow Potentials in Time Estimation: The Role of Temporal Accumulation and Habituation

Tadeusz W. Kononowicz, Hedderik van Rijn · 2011 · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience

Numerous studies have shown that contingent negative variation (CNV) measured at fronto-central and parietal-central areas is closely related to interval timing. However, the exact nature of the relation between CNV and the underlying timing mechanisms is still a topic of discussion. On the one hand, it has been proposed that the CNV measured at supplementary motor area (SMA) is a direct reflection of the unfolding of time since a perceived onset, whereas other work has suggested that the increased amplitude reflects decision processes involved in interval timing. Strong evidence for the first

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Analysis of Foreign Direct Investment, Agricultural Sector and Economic Growth in Tanzania

Manamba Epaphra, Ales H. Mwakalasya · 2017 · Modern Economy

This paper analyzes the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on agricultural sector in Tanzania. The paper also examines the declining contribution of agriculture to real GDP growth despite the fact that the sector employs more than 70 percent of the total labour force. Annual time series data spanning from 1990 to 2015 are used to test the significance of the relationship between FDI inflow and agriculture value added-to-GDP ratio on one hand and FDI inflows and economic growth on the other hand. Also, the relationship between agriculture value added and economic growth rate is empirical

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics and Astronomy

Three dimensional simulations of plasma filaments in the scrape off layer: A comparison with models of reduced dimensionality

L. Easy, F. Militello, John Omotani et al. · 2014 · Physics of Plasmas

This paper presents simulations of isolated 3D filaments in a slab geometry obtained using a newly developed 3D reduced fluid code, written using the BOUT++ framework. First, systematic scans were performed to investigate how the dynamics…

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