e-ISSN: Pending

Browse the failure-mode index

21,234 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Polyphenol metabolites in fermented foods: biotransformation, bioavailability, and functional roles

Nouf Abdullah Alharbi · 2026 · Frontiers in Nutrition

Polyphenols, plant-derived bioactive compounds, are known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, benefiting plant-based foods. Fermentation, driven by microbial enzymes like glycosidases, esterases, and decarboxylases, alters the chemical structure of polyphenols, enhancing their bioavailability and bioactivity. This review explores the transformation of polyphenols, particularly flavonoids and phenolic acids, during fermentation, resulting in bioactive metabolites with increased solubility, stability, and antioxidant activity, improving gastrointestinal absorp

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Understanding graft-versus-host disease. Preliminary findings regarding the effects of exercise in affected patients

Carmen Fiuza‐Luces, Nuria Garatachea, Nathan A. Berger et al. · 2026 · PubMed

Advances in this century regarding allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) have led to an expanding population of long-term survivors, many of whom suffer severe side effects, particularly those related to graft-versushost disease (GVHD), a potentially multi-systemic disorder caused by immunoeffector donor lymphocytes that destroy host tissues. The GVHD, especially in its chronic form (cGVHD), generates considerable morbidity and compromises the physical capacity of patients. We have reviewed the main pathophysiological aspects of the disease as well as the data availabl

View details →
Negative / Null Result Report

Defining the Minimal Clinically Important Difference for Patients With Vestibular Schwannoma: Are all Quality-of-Life Scores Significant?

Panagiotis Kerezoudis, Kathleen J Yost, Nicole M Tombers et al. · 2018 · Neurosurgery

Abstract BACKGROUND The diagnosis of vestibular schwannomas (VS) is associated with reduced patient quality of life (QOL). Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) was introduced as the lowest improvement in a patient-reported…

View details →
Negative / Null Result Report

Low-Cost Airlines: A Failed Business Model?

Kenneth Button · 2012 · Transportation Journal

Abstract The article examines the sustainability of the low-cost, or no-frills, airline business model. It looks at the background to the development of this managerial approach within the context of some prevailing business theories and…

View details →
Negative / Null Result Report

Dissimilarity–Overlap analysis of replicate enrichment communities

Jean C C Vila, Yang-Yu Liu, Alvaro Sanchez · 2020 · The ISME Journal

Abstract The taxonomic composition of microbial communities can vary substantially across habitats and within the same habitat over time. Efforts to build quantitative and predictive models of microbial population dynamics are underway,…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Significant association between polymorphism of the erythropoietin gene promoter and myelodysplastic syndrome

Wanlong Ma, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Ke Zhang et al. · 2010 · BMC Medical Genetics

BACKGROUND: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) may be induced by certain mutagenic environmental or chemotherapeutic toxins; however, the role of susceptibility genes remains unclear. The G/G genotype of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1617640 in the erythropoietin (EPO) promoter has been shown to be associated with decreased EPO expression. We examined the association of rs1617640 genotype with MDS. METHODS: We genotyped the EPO rS1617640 SNP in 189 patients with MDS, 257 with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 106 with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 97 with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 353

View details →
Negative / Null Result Report

‘Virtual Parrots’ Confirm Mating Preferences of Female Budgerigars

Marin L. Moravec, Georg F. Striedter, Nancy T. Burley · 2010 · Ethology

Abstract Parrots comprise one of the several taxa in which life‐long learning of new vocal signals used in intraspecific communication is known to occur routinely. The functions and evolutionary bases of this ability are largely unknown.…

View details →
Negative / Null Result Report

Assessment of T-History Method Variants to Obtain Enthalpy–Temperature Curves for Phase Change Materials With Significant Subcooling

Katherine D’Avignon, Michaël Kummert · 2015 · Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications

To assess the potential of thermal energy storage systems using phase change materials (PCMs), numerical simulations rely on an enthalpy–temperature curve (or equivalent specific heat curve) to model the PCM thermal storage behavior. The…

View details →
Negative / Null Result Report

Does integrating nonurgent, clinically significant radiology alerts within the electronic health record impact closed-loop communication and follow-up?

Stacy D O’Connor, Anuj K Dalal, V Anik Sahni et al. · 2015 · Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association

Abstract Objective To assess whether integrating critical result management software—Alert Notification of Critical Results (ANCR)—with an electronic health record (EHR)-based results management application impacts closed-loop…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology

The Success Rate of New Drug Development in Clinical Trials: Crohn’s Disease

Jayson L. Parker, Jillian Clare Köhler · 2010 · Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences

PURPOSE: To determine the risk of drug failure during clinical trial testing in Crohn's disease and determine what steps can be taken to improve outcomes. This is the first study to quantify such risk for a single disease. METHODS: Moderate to severe Crohn's disease was investigated by reviewing press releases from 1998 to June 2008. Clinical trial failure causes were classified as commercial or clinical and compared with industry expectations. The risk of failure was also reviewed based on whether the compound was a small molecule drug or a biologic. Lastly, the role of the sponsor was examin

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences

Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals significant differences in the regulation of gene expression between hydrogen cyanide- and ethylene-treated Arabidopsis thaliana

Lulu Yu, Yang Liu, Fei Xu · 2019 · BMC Plant Biology

BACKGROUND: Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is a small gaseous molecule that is predominantly produced as an equimolar co-product of ethylene (ET) biosynthesis in plants. The function of ET is of great concern and is well studied; however, the function of HCN is largely unknown. Similar to ET, HCN is a simple and diffusible molecule that has been shown to play a regulatory role in the control of some metabolic processes in plants. Nevertheless, it is still controversial whether HCN should be regarded as a signalling molecule, and the cross-talk between HCN and ET in gene expression regulation remains u

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Results From the German Fungal Keratitis Registry: Significant Differences Between Cases With and Without a History of Contact Lens Use

Mathias Roth, Christoph Holtmann, Loay Daas et al. · 2021 · Cornea

PURPOSE: Fungal keratitis (FK) is a serious ophthalmic disease with a potentially devastating outcome that seems to be increasing in recent years. The use of contact lenses (CLs) was evaluated as a risk factor for FK to determine possible…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Effect of Concurrent Chemoradiation With Celecoxib vs Concurrent Chemoradiation Alone on Survival Among Patients With Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer With and Without Cyclooxygenase 2 Genetic Variants

Nan Bi, Jun Liang, Zongmei Zhou et al. · 2019 · JAMA Network Open

Importance: Treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains challenging. The rationale of combining a cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor with concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) was based on results of preclinical research and prospective clinical studies; however, no randomized clinical trial has provided evidence of a direct comparison with CCRT alone. Objective: To determine the effect of combined selective COX-2 inhibition with standard CCRT on survival among patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC. Design, Setting, and Participants: A single-center, open-label, ra

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Different Threshold of Malignancy for RAS-like Thyroid Tumors Causes Significant Differences in Thyroid Nodule Practice

Kennichi Kakudo · 2022 · Cancers

Histopathological diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) is prone to significant observer variation due to different thresholds of RAS-like nuclear changes among pathologists. This gap recently widened due to a defensive attitude by Western pathologists where malpractice litigation is significant. Cases with delicate RAS-like nuclear changes are follicular adenomas when they are noninvasive, follicular carcinomas when invasive, and follicular variant PTCs when they have fully developed PTC-type nuclear features in Asian practice. The different diagnostic threshold of PTC nuclear feat

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

First exposure to rituximab is associated to high rate of anti-drug antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus but not in ANCA-associated vasculitis

Francesca Faustini, Nicky Dunn, Nastya Kharlamova et al. · 2021 · Arthritis Research & Therapy

BACKGROUND: Anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) can impact on the efficacy and safety of biologicals, today used to treat several chronic inflammatory conditions. Specific patient groups may be more prone to develop ADAs. Rituximab is routinely used for ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) and as off-label therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but data on occurrence and predisposing factors to ADAs in these diseases is limited. OBJECTIVES: To elucidate the rate of occurrence, and risk factors for ADAs against rituximab in SLE and AAV. METHODS: ADAs were detected using a bridging electrochemilumi

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

MTEP, a Selective mGluR5 Antagonist, Had a Neuroprotective Effect but Did Not Prevent the Development of Spontaneous Recurrent Seizures and Behavioral Comorbidities in the Rat Lithium–Pilocarpine Model of Epilepsy

A. V. Dyomina, Anna A. Kovalenko, Maria V. Zakharova et al. · 2022 · International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are expressed predominantly on neurons and glial cells and are involved in the modulation of a wide range of signal transduction cascades. Therefore, different subtypes of mGluRs are considered a promising target for the treatment of various brain diseases. Previous studies have demonstrated the seizure-induced upregulation of mGluR5; however, its functional significance is still unclear. In the present study, we aimed to clarify the effect of treatment with the selective mGluR5 antagonist 3-[(2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)ethynyl]-pyridine (MTEP) on epile

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Propofol‑induced miR‑125a‑5p inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of ovarian cancer by suppressing LIN28B

Juan Zeng, Yukun Li, Feifei Quan et al. · 2020 · Molecular Medicine Reports

Propofol, a commonly used intravenous anesthetic agent during surgery, has relatively widespread pharmacological actions. Previous studies have reported that propofol may act as an antitumor drug in several cancer types, such as pancreatic…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Effect of tDCS Over the Right Inferior Parietal Lobule on Mind-Wandering Propensity

Sean Coulborn, Howard Bowman, R. Chris Miall et al. · 2020 · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

Mind-wandering is associated with switching our attention to internally directed thoughts and is by definition an intrinsic, self-generated cognitive function. Interestingly, previous research showed that it may be possible to modulate its propensity externally, with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting different regions in the default mode and executive control networks. However, these studies used highly heterogeneous montages (targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), the right inferior parietal lobule (IPL), or both concurrently), often showed contradicting

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportEconomics, Econometrics and Finance

A new test for analysing hysteresis in European unemployment

Fumitaka Furuoka · 2016 · Applied Economics Letters

This article proposes a new unit root test to analyse unemployment hysteresis. The test is able to incorporate cross-sectional dependence, unattended nonlinearity and unknown structural breaks in the time-series data. This study used data…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Aspirin use and ovarian cancer mortality in a Danish nationwide cohort study

Freija Verdoodt, Susanne K. Kjær, Christian Dehlendorff et al. · 2018 · British Journal of Cancer

BACKGROUND: Increasing data suggest that aspirin use may improve cancer survival; however, the evidence is sparse for ovarian cancer. METHODS: We examined the association between postdiagnosis use of low-dose aspirin and mortality in a…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEngineering

Simulating the Hydrodynamic Conditions of the Human Ascending Colon: A Digital Twin of the Dynamic Colon Model

Michael Schütt, Connor O’Farrell, Konstantinos Stamatopoulos et al. · 2022 · Pharmaceutics

The performance of solid oral dosage forms targeting the colon is typically evaluated using standardised pharmacopeial dissolution apparatuses. However, these fail to replicate colonic hydrodynamics. This study develops a digital twin of the Dynamic Colon Model; a physiologically representative in vitro model of the human proximal colon. Magnetic resonance imaging of the Dynamic Colon Model verified that the digital twin robustly replicated flow patterns under different physiological conditions (media viscosity, volume, and peristaltic wave speed). During local contractile activity, antegrade

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental Science

Can Social Comparison Feedback Affect Indicators of Eco-Friendly Travel Choices? Insights from Two Online Experiments

Rouven Doran, Daniel Hanss, Torvald Øgaard · 2017 · Sustainability

Two online experiments explored the effects of social comparison feedback on indicators of eco-friendly travel choices. It was tested whether the chosen indicators are sensitive to the information conveyed, and if this varies as a function of in-group identification. Study 1 (N = 134) focused on unfavourable feedback (i.e., being told that one has a larger ecological footprint than the average member of a reference group). People who received unfavourable feedback reported stronger intentions to choose eco-friendly travel options than those who received nondiscrepant feedback, when in-group id

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Well‐being in the time of COVID‐19: Do metaphors and mindsets matter?

Jeni L. Burnette, Crystal L. Hoyt, Nicholas R. Buttrick et al. · 2021 · International Journal of Psychology

Communications about the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) often employ metaphors, which can help people understand complex issues. For example, public health messages may focus on "fighting" the disease, attempting to rouse people to…

View details →