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Browse the failure-mode index

21,742 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Search for the Decay $τ^{-}\to 4pi^{-}3π^{+}(π^{0})ν_τ$

CLEO Collaboration, K. Edwards et al · 1997 · arXiv

We have searched for the decay of the tau lepton into seven charged particles and zero or one pi0. The data used in the search were collected with the CLEO II detector at the Cornell Electron Storage Ring (CESR) and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.61 fb^(-1). No evidence for a signal is found. Assuming all the charged particles are pions, we set an upper limit on the branching fraction, B(tau- -> 4pi- 3pi+ (pi0) nu_tau) < 2.4 x 10^(-6) at the 90% confidence level. This limit represents a significant improvement over the previous limit.

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgriculture

Factors Influencing Off‑leash Dog Walking in Public Places

Michaela Sediva, Kristyna Holcova, Lenka Pillerova et al. · 2017 · Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis

Little is known about factors that influence owners’ decisions walking their dogs on or off a leash in public places. We examined the effect of the type of public place, dog’s age, sex and size, and human gender on off‑leash dog walking. Observations of 1850 dogs and their owners were made in streets and parks in Brno (Czech Republic). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed no significant effect of human gender on the frequency of unleashed dogs in streets and parks. Off‑leash dog walking was 2.8 times more likely in parks than in streets. Adult dogs were unleashed 1.9 times more likely

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAquaculture. Fisheries. Angling

Effects of selenium-enriched probiotics on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, intestinal health, and metabolism in mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) juveniles

Fu liang, Ming Li, Meiling Yu et al. · 2026 · Aquaculture Reports

Abstracts: This study investigated the effects of selenium-enriched Bacillus subtilis on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, intestinal health, and metabolism of mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) juveniles. The experiment included a control group (Y), a Bacillus subtilis group (BS), an inorganic selenium group (Se), and three groups with low, medium, and high concentrations of selenium-enriched B. subtilis (S1, S2, S3) in a 30-day feeding trial. The results showed that selenium-enriched B. subtilis had no significant effect on the final average body weight or specific growth rate of

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessTechnology

Effect of Low-Temperature Conditioning of Excess Dairy Sewage Sludge with the Use of Solidified Carbon Dioxide on the Efficiency of Methane Fermentation

Joanna Kazimierowicz, Izabela Bartkowska, Maria Walery · 2020 · Energies

This study aimed to determine the effect of the low-temperature conditioning of excess dairy sewage sludge using solidified carbon dioxide on the efficiency of methane fermentation. An increase in the solidified carbon dioxide to excess dairy sewage sludge volumetric ratio above 0.3 had no significant effect on chemical oxygen demand concentration in the dissolved phase. The highest chemical oxygen demand values, ranging from 490.6 ± 12.9 to 510.5 ± 28.5 mg·dm −3 , were determined at solidified carbon dioxide to excess dairy sewage sludge ratio ranging from 0.3 to 0.5. The low-temperature cond

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessScience

The Effects of COVID-19-related Driving Restrictions on Air Quality in an Industrial City

Daulet Assanov, Aiymgul Kerimray, Birzhan Batkeyev et al. · 2021 · Aerosol and Air Quality Research

Abstract To slow the spread of COVID-19, the state of emergency was announced in Kazakhstan on March 16, 2020. Ust-Kamenogorsk instituted COVID-19 lockdown measures on April 2, 2020. The restrictions reduced the flow of traffic in the city but did not have a major impact on the large industries and power plants. In the areas with a complex profile of emission sources, traffic restriction measures alone may hardly tackle serious air pollution. This natural experiment allowed us to test how the reduction in transport movement affects air quality in Ust-Kamenogorsk, as there is a tendency to hold

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessInfectious and parasitic diseases

Assessment of Recovery Time, Worsening, and Death among Inpatients and Outpatients with COVID-19, Treated with Hydroxychloroquine or Chloroquine plus Azithromycin Combination in Burkina Faso

Toussaint Rouamba, Esperance Ouédraogo, Houreratou Barry et al. · 2022 · International Journal of Infectious Diseases

Objectives: Our study aimed to assess the statistical relationship between the use of chloroquine phosphate or hydroxychloroquine plus azithromycin (CQ/HCQ + AZ) and virological recovery, disease worsening, and death among out- and inpatients with COVID-19 in Burkina Faso. Methods and Designs: This was a retrospective observational study that compared outcomes in terms of time to recovery, worsening, and death in patients who received CQ/HCQ + AZ and those who did not using a multivariable Cox or Poisson model before and after propensity matching. Results: Of the 863 patients included in the s

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine (General)

Polymorphism of Interleukin 6 -174 G/C in Behcet Disease: Case Series and Review of Literature

Amira Hamzaoui, Rim Klii, Olfa Harzallah et al. · 2014 · Acta Medica Iranica

To assess the association between polymorphisms of the IL-6 -174 G/C and Behçet's disease (BD) in Tunisian patients. DNA was extracted from blood samples taken from 43 Tunisian patients and 43 healthy controls. The polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR with the PCR-RFLP. No significant association was found between patients and controls concerning polymorphism of IL6 -174 G/C between the (allelic frequency: C (17.44 vs 8, 13%; P=0.17) et G (82,55 vs 91,86%; P= 0.21). Neither age of onset of BD nor sex appears to be influenced by allelic variation of SNP-174 G / C of IL6. Disease duration of BD wa

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

To SMOTE, or not to SMOTE?

Yotam Elor, Hadar Averbuch-Elor · 2022 · arXiv

Balancing the data before training a classifier is a popular technique to address the challenges of imbalanced binary classification in tabular data. Balancing is commonly achieved by duplication of minority samples or by generation of synthetic minority samples. While it is well known that balancing affects each classifier differently, most prior empirical studies did not include strong state-of-the-art (SOTA) classifiers as baselines. In this work, we are interested in understanding whether balancing is beneficial, particularly in the context of SOTA classifiers. Thus, we conduct extensive e

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Apolipoprotein E promoter genotypes are not associated with white matter hyperintensity development in high-altitude careers

Richard R. Chapleau, CharLee A. Martin, Summer R. Hughes et al. · 2019 · BMC Research Notes

Abstract Objective This study sought to determine if there is an association between variants in the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) promoter regions and development of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in military subjects who have been exposed to high altitude. In an earlier study, we found that ApoE status did not correlate with WMH development, and here we hypothesized that regulation of APOE protein expression may be protective. Results Our cohort of 92 subjects encountered altitude exposures above 25,000 feet mean sea level through their occupations as pilots or altitude chamber technicians. U

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMicrobiology

Increased Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A Nationwide Population-Based Propensity Score-Matched Cohort Study in Taiwan

Chih-Ching Yeh, Meei-Maan Wu, Chia-Min Wu et al. · 2021 · Viruses

Studies evaluating the association between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) risk and HCV infection are scant. In this population-based cohort study, 13,300 patients newly diagnosed as having HCV (HCV cohort) and 26,600 propensity score-matched patients without HCV (non-HCV cohort) were identified from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database between 2000 and 2013. Furthermore, 1,983 patients with HCV who received pegylated interferon and ribavirin treatment (HCV-treated cohort) and propensity score-matched patients with HCV (matched at a ratio of 1:2) who did not receive th

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Association between rs2787094 Genetic Variants in ADAM33 Gene and Asthma in Indonesian Population: Preliminary study

Kencono Viyati, Kinasih Prayuni, Yenni Zulhamidah et al. · 2023 · Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Asthma is a multifactorial disease that encompasses a multitude of genetic and environmental factors. One such factor is the disintegrin and metalloprotein-33 (ADAM33) gene, which is correlated with asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Previous studies conducted on Asian populations have reported a significant association between rs2787094 polymorphism in the ADAM33 gene and asthma. Methods: Our study involved 153 Indonesian participants. TaqMan genotyping assay was used to analyze rs2787094 polymorphism in the ADAM33 gene. Results: No significant association was detected betw

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Joint hypermobility in children with and without functional constipation

Seyed Mohammadreza Fatemi Khorasgani, Neda Ramezani, Negar Ebrahimi Varnousfaderani · 2020 · Journal of Research in Medical Sciences

Background: Previous studies report an association between joint hypermobility (JH), as a hallmark of connective tissue disorder, and autonomic dysfunction, digestive problems, and irritable bowel syndrome. However, its association with functional constipation (FC) has not been evaluated. This study is run and implemented to justify this theme/topic. Materials and Methods: In this case–control study among 200 subjects, 100 were of FC according to the ROME III Criteria (case group) and each child was matched for age and gender with a healthy control that did not meet criteria for FC (control gr

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Study of Emotional Intelligence as Stress Controller for City Guards

Monalisa Muniz, Ricardo Primi, Fabiano Koich Miguel · 2007 · Psicologia

The Emotional intelligence supposedly is a mediator variable in the stress control although there is no sufficient empirical evidence supporting this relationship. The purpose of the present research was to study the correlation between emotional intelligence and stress. The participants were 24 city guards who answered the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Tests V2.0 (MSCEIT) and the Lipp’s Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults (ISSL). The results showed no significant correlation between stress and the general score of emotional intelligence. However, analyzing the subtasks score

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Perioperative denosumab exposure and risk of revision after total hip and knee arthroplasty in osteoarthritis: a registry-based data linkage study.

Ciaffi J, Bordini B, Cosentino M et al. · 2026 · Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA

Osteoarthritis patients undergoing THA or TKA were studied to compare the cumulative incidence of revision after perioperative denosumab versus alendronate. Denosumab was not associated with differences in the incidence of revision after…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessChemical technology

Wearable Spectroradiometer for Dosimetry

Maximilian J. Chmielinski, Martin A. Cohen, Michael G. Yost et al. · 2022 · Sensors

Available wearable dosimeters suffer from spectral mismatch during the measurement of broadband UV and visible radiation in environments that receive radiation from multiple sources emitting differing spectra. We observed this type of multi-spectra environment in all five Washington State cannabis farms visited during a field study investigating worker exposure to ultraviolet radiation in 2018. Spectroradiometers do not suffer from spectral mismatch in these environments, however, an extensive literature review conducted at the time of writing did not identify any spectroradiometers that were

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNursing

Changes in body temperature of critically ill patients submitted to bed bathing: a crossover clinical trial

Luana Vieira Toledo, Bárbara Xavier dos Santos, Patrícia de Oliveira Salgado et al. · Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

ABSTRACT Objectives: to compare tympanic and axillary body temperature values of critical patients before and after the traditional and dry bed bath. Methods: this is a randomized, open crossover clinical trial conducted with 50 adult critical patients. All patients received both types of bed bathing. The tympanic and axillary temperature values were measured at the beginning and end of the baths. The Wilcoxon test or paired Student’s t test was used. Results: elderly and male patients predominated. There was no significant difference between tympanic temperature medians measured during the tr

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysiology

Response of Vital Capacity (VC) to Multiple Repetitions of Performance and its Relation with Some Anthropometric Measurements for a Sample of Practitioners of Sports Activity

Mazen Samie Hassn · 2018 · مجلة الرافدين للعلوم الرياضية

The subject of the research focuses on identifying the differences between the three attempts to test the viability of VC and the contribution of age ratios, and some anthropometric measurements in the best bioenergy test. It also aims to adjust a regression model to predict the biological capacitance in relation to age and some anthropometric variables. The researcher hypothesizes that there are no significant differences between the three tests of the vital capacity, and that the coefficients of the regression model for linear regression equation in the biomass test are not different from ze

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPlant culture

Flavonoids, chalcones and phenyl-propanoids in apple and pear flowers

Gy. Horváth, A. Farkas, Gy. L. Szabó · 2004 · International Journal of Horticultural Science

The presence of phloretin-glycosides in the hypanthium and pistil of apple and pear flowers can be verified. Thin layer chromatography is a reliable method for detecting phloretin, gained by acidic hydrolysis. The dominance of phloretin was equally characteristic for flowers in apple (`Sampion', 'Freedom') and pear (Tem-re Bosc', 'Conference') cultivars treated with various bioregulators (Biomit, Bion 50WG, Regalis), no significant difference could be found visually as compared to control samples. Chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid was detected in all apple and pear samples, rutin was present o

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessScience

Comparative Analysis of High-Intensity versus Low-to-Moderate Intensity Statin Therapy in Patients Undergoing Rotational Atherectomy for Calcified Coronary Artery Disease

Sang-Suk Choi, Jin Jung, Sung-Ho Her et al. · 2023 · Life

(1) Background: Moderate-intensity statin therapy, when compared to high-intensity statin therapy in Asian populations, has shown no significant difference in cardiovascular prognosis in small studies. The aim of this study was to compare the prognosis of patients based on statin intensity following rotational atherectomy (RA) during high-complexity percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). (2) Methods: The ROCK registry, a multicenter retrospective study, included patients who had undergone rotational atherectomy (RA) during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at nine tertiary medical ce

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Reform and exploration of the “4+4” clinical medical talent training model

LU Yongping, PAN Tingfang · 2025 · Jichu yixue yu linchuang

In order to cultivate interdisciplinary innovative medical talents who can adapt to the development of the needs of national medical care and of global file of medical education, Peking Union Medical College has initiated the project of the “4+4” model, which covers a series of education remodeling like candidate trainees’ enrollment, curriculum integration application of new teaching methods, assessment and evaluation, etc., and has made a great progress. The existing evaluation data show that there is no significant difference between the academic performance of students in the “4+4” trainin

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAnimal culture

Effect of feeding guar meal on nutrient utilization and growth performance in Mahbubnagar local kids

Razia Sultana Janampet, Kishan Kumar Malavath, Rajanna Neeradi et al. · 2016 · Veterinary World

Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance and nutrient digestibility of guar meal, an unconventional protein-rich feed ingredient in kids in comparison to conventional groundnut cake. Materials and Methods: A total of 18 kids were randomly allotted to three groups, and T1 group was fed on basal diet, T2 and T3 groups were offered diet replacing groundnut cake at 50% and 100% with guar meal, respectively, for a period of 120-day. At the end of the growth trial, a digestibility trial was conducted to evaluate the nutrient utilization. Results: There was no significant diff

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgriculture

Sudangrass and sudan hybrids for pasture and green chop

D Sumner · 1963 · California Agriculture

INITIAL TRIALS in 1961 comparing Piper sudan, SX-11 (a sudan x grain sorghum cross) and NK-300 (a forage sorghum) showed that there was no significant difference in total seasonal yield in dry matter production when used as pasture, although Piper outyielded the other two. When used as green chop there was no significant difference between Piper and SX-11, and both significantly outyielded NK-300. These trials were grown in 12-inch rows and harvested throughout the season as each variety reached 24 inches in height as pasture or 50% late boot stage as green chop.

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Compatibility and Marital Satisfaction in Disabled Couples Compared to Healthy Ones

Azam Abed, Aliasghar Asghar Nezhad, Hamidreza Hatami · 2015 · Iranian Rehabilitation Journal

Objectives: The aim of current study was the evaluation and comparison of compatibility and marital satisfaction between handicapped couples and healthy ones. Methods: In this study, 50 handicapped couples and 50 healthy couples were examined with Enrich&rsquo;s marital satisfaction questionnaire and Bell&rsquo;s adjustment questionnaire. The data were analyzed, using SPSS 15, correlation tests and ANOVA. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between handicapped and healthy couples in compatibility and marital satisfaction. Discussion: It is concluded that people

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Measuring the clinical dimensions of negative symptoms through the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.

Wolpe N, Perrottelli A, Giuliani L et al. · 2025 · European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology

The negative symptoms of schizophrenia can determine functional outcome in patients. Despite its clinical significance, no treatment exists to date, as numerous pharmacological and non-pharmacological clinical trials have failed to…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics

Grid-based calculations of redshift-space matter fluctuations from perturbation theory: UV sensitivity and convergence at the field level

Atsushi Taruya, Takahiro Nishimichi, Donghui Jeong · 2021 · arXiv

Perturbation theory (PT) has been used to interpret the observed nonlinear large-scale structure statistics at the quasi-linear regime. To facilitate the PT-based analysis, we have presented the GridSPT algorithm, a grid-based method to compute the nonlinear density and velocity fields in standard perturbation theory (SPT) from a given linear power spectrum. Here, we further put forward the approach by taking the redshift-space distortions into account. With the new implementation, we have, for the first time, generated the redshift-space density field to the fifth order and computed the next-

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Sparse Graph Learning with Spectrum Prior for Deep Graph Convolutional Networks

Jin Zeng, Yang Liu, Gene Cheung et al. · 2022 · arXiv

A graph convolutional network (GCN) employs a graph filtering kernel tailored for data with irregular structures. However, simply stacking more GCN layers does not improve performance; instead, the output converges to an uninformative low-dimensional subspace, where the convergence rate is characterized by the graph spectrum -- this is the known over-smoothing problem in GCN. In this paper, we propose a sparse graph learning algorithm incorporating a new spectrum prior to compute a graph topology that circumvents over-smoothing while preserving pairwise correlations inherent in data. Specifica

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

A pipeline for fair comparison of graph neural networks in node classification tasks

Wentao Zhao, Dalin Zhou, Xinguo Qiu et al. · 2020 · arXiv

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been investigated for potential applicability in multiple fields that employ graph data. However, there are no standard training settings to ensure fair comparisons among new methods, including different model architectures and data augmentation techniques. We introduce a standard, reproducible benchmark to which the same training settings can be applied for node classification. For this benchmark, we constructed 9 datasets, including both small- and medium-scale datasets from different fields, and 7 different models. We design a k-fold model assessment strate

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Incompatibility Clustering as a Defense Against Backdoor Poisoning Attacks

Charles Jin, Melinda Sun, Martin Rinard · 2021 · arXiv

We propose a novel clustering mechanism based on an incompatibility property between subsets of data that emerges during model training. This mechanism partitions the dataset into subsets that generalize only to themselves, i.e., training on one subset does not improve performance on the other subsets. Leveraging the interaction between the dataset and the training process, our clustering mechanism partitions datasets into clusters that are defined by--and therefore meaningful to--the objective of the training process. We apply our clustering mechanism to defend against data poisoning attacks,

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