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Browse the failure-mode index

12,240 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Medicine. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Phase II clinical trial of sequential treatment with systemic chemotherapy and intraperitoneal paclitaxel for gastric and gastroesophageal junction peritoneal carcinomatosis - STOPGAP trial

Maheswari Senthil, Farshid Dayyani · 2023 · BMC Cancer

BACKGROUND: Studies from Asia indicate that normothermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (NIPEC) may confer survival benefit in patients with gastric peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). However, data regarding this approach is lacking in western population. The current STOPGAP trial is intended to assess 1-year progression-free survival benefit of sequential systemic chemotherapy and paclitaxel NIPEC in patients with gastric/ gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma PC. METHODS: This is a prospective, single center, single arm, phase II investigator-initiated clinical trial. Patients with histo

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Lingual Lymph Node Metastases as a Prognostic Factor in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma—A Retrospective Multicenter Study

Masahiro Kikuchi, Hiroyuki Harada, Ryo Asato et al. · 2021 · Medicina

Backgrounds and Objectives: The epidemiology and prognostic role of lingual lymph node (LLN) metastasis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unclear. Here, we aimed to analyze the clinicopathological features, risk factors, and prognostic role of LLN metastasis in patients with OSCC. Materials and Methods: In total, 945 patients with OSCC were retrospectively analyzed. Clinicopathological features were compared between patients with and without LLN metastasis. The risk factors of LLN metastasis and its effects on survival outcomes were evaluated using multi-variate analy

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Evaluation of a DNA demethylating agent in combination with all-trans retinoic acid for IDH1-mutant gliomas

Marina da Costa Rosa, Alex Shimura Yamashita, Gregory J. Riggins · 2021 · Neuro-Oncology

BACKGROUND: Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1/2 (IDH1/2) mutations are diagnostic for Astrocytoma or Oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant. In these IDH-mutant gliomas, retinoic acid-related gene expression is commonly silenced by DNA hypermethylation.…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Using infective mosquitoes to challenge monkeys with Plasmodium knowlesi in malaria vaccine studies

Jittawadee Murphy, Walter R. Weiss, David J. Fryauff et al. · 2014 · Malaria Journal

BACKGROUND: When rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) are used to test malaria vaccines, animals are often challenged by the intravenous injection of sporozoites. However, natural exposure to malaria comes via mosquito bite, and antibodies can neutralize sporozoites as they traverse the skin. Thus, intravenous injection may not fairly assess humoral immunity from anti-sporozoite malaria vaccines. To better assess malaria vaccines in rhesus, a method to challenge large numbers of monkeys by mosquito bite was developed. METHODS: Several species and strains of mosquitoes were tested for their ability

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Validating genetic markers of response to recombinant human growth hormone in children with growth hormone deficiency and Turner syndrome: the PREDICT validation study

Adam Stevens, Philip Murray, Jérôme Wojcik et al. · 2016 · European Journal of Endocrinology

OBJECTIVE: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the response to recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH) have previously been identified in growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and Turner syndrome (TS) children in the PREDICT long-term follow-up (LTFU) study (Nbib699855). Here, we describe the PREDICT validation (VAL) study (Nbib1419249), which aimed to confirm these genetic associations. DESIGN AND METHODS: Children with GHD (n = 293) or TS (n = 132) were recruited retrospectively from 29 sites in nine countries. All children had completed 1 year of r-hGH therapy. 48 SNPs previou

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Sensitivity of the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink to Detect Neurodevelopmental Effects of Medicine Exposure in Utero: Comparative Analysis of an Antiepileptic Drug-Exposed Cohort

Rachel Charlton, Anita McGrogan, Julia Snowball et al. · 2017 · Drug Safety

Electronic healthcare data have several advantages over prospective observational studies, but the sensitivity of data on neurodevelopmental outcomes and its comparability with data generated through other methodologies is unknown. The…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Replication of a predictive model for youth ADHD in an independent sample from a developing country

Cezar H. Lorenzi, Douglas Teixeira Leffa, Rodrigo A. Bressan et al. · 2022 · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry

BACKGROUND: Very few predictive models in Psychiatry had their performance validated in independent external samples. A previously developed multivariable demographic model for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) accurately…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Integrating large language model-based agents into a virtual patient chatbot for clinical anamnesis training

Nicolas Laverde, Christian Grévisse, Sandra Ximena Jaramillo-Rincón et al. · 2025 · Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal

Effective communication is crucial for trust-building, accurate information gathering, and clinical decision-making in healthcare. Despite its emphasis in medical curricula, traditional training methods, such as role-playing with…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Re-Sequencing of the <b><i>APOL1</i></b>-<b><i>APOL4</i></b> and <b><i>MYH9</i></b> Gene Regions in African Americans Does Not Identify Additional Risks for CKD Progression

Gregory A. Hawkins, David J. Friedman, Lingyi Lu et al. · 2015 · American Journal of Nephrology

<b><i>Background:</i></b> In African Americans (AAs), <i>APOL1</i> G1 and G2 nephropathy risk variants are associated with non-diabetic end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in an autosomal recessive pattern.…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Dyslipidemia Is a Major Factor in Stem Cell Damage Induced by Uncontrolled Long-Term Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity in the Rat, as Suggested by the Effects on Stem Cell Culture

Maryam Masouminia, R. Gelfand, Istvan Kovanecz et al. · 2018 · The Journal of Sexual Medicine

BACKGROUND: Previous work showed that muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) exposed long-term to the milieu of uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (UC-T2D) in male obese Zucker (OZ) rats, were unable to correct the associated erectile dysfunction and…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Evaluating deep learning methods in detecting and segmenting different sizes of brain metastases on 3D post-contrast T1-weighted images

Youngjin Yoo, Pascal Ceccaldi, Siqi Liu et al. · 2021 · Journal of Medical Imaging

Purpose: We investigate the impact of various deep-learning-based methods for detecting and segmenting metastases with different lesion volume sizes on 3D brain MR images. Approach: A 2.5D U-Net and a 3D U-Net were selected. We also…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Results of the Kigali Imbereheza Project: A 2-Arm Individually Randomized Trial of TI-CBT Enhanced to Address ART Adherence and Mental Health for Rwandan Youth Living With HIV

Geri R. Donenberg, Jessica Fitts, Charles Ingabire et al. · 2022 · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Background: Adolescents living with HIV have elevated mental distress and suboptimal antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. Setting: Two urban clinics in Kigali, Rwanda. Methods: A 2-arm individual randomized controlled trial compared…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Antiviral activity of Chongkukjang extracts against influenza A virus in vitro and in vivo

Bai Wei, Se-Yeoun Cha, Min Kang et al. · 2015 · Journal of Ethnic Foods

Chongkukjang is a traditional Korean fermented product prepared from soybeans and reported to have multiple biological functions, including antidiabetic, antiinflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. Influenza is a respiratory disease caused by influenza viruses and continues to be a worldwide threat with a high potential to cause pandemics. Besides vaccination, only two classes of drugs are available for antiviral treatment against these pathogens. We tested the inhibitory activity of an ethyl acetate extract from Chongkukjang toward influenza A virus neuraminidase. All 10 compounds extracte

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Underestimating Calorie Content When Healthy Foods Are Present: An Averaging Effect or a Reference-Dependent Anchoring Effect?

Suzanna Forwood, Amy L. Ahern, Gareth J Hollands et al. · 2013 · PLoS ONE

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have shown that estimations of the calorie content of an unhealthy main meal food tend to be lower when the food is shown alongside a healthy item (e.g. fruit or vegetables) than when shown alone. This effect has been called the negative calorie illusion and has been attributed to averaging the unhealthy (vice) and healthy (virtue) foods leading to increased perceived healthiness and reduced calorie estimates. The current study aimed to replicate and extend these findings to test the hypothesized mediating effect of ratings of healthiness of foods on calorie estimat

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Excision margins and sentinel lymph node status as prognostic factors in thick melanoma of the head and neck: A retrospective analysis

Olivia Ruskin, Alexandra Sanelli, Alan Herschtal et al. · 2016 · Head & Neck

BACKGROUND: Recommended margins for thick cutaneous melanoma (Breslow thickness >4 mm; T4) have decreased over recent decades. Optimal margins and the role of sentinel node biopsy (SNB) in thick head and neck melanoma remain controversial.…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

SAKK 24/09: Safety and tolerability of bevacizumab plus paclitaxel versus bevacizumab plus metronomic cyclophosphamide and capecitabine as first-line therapy in patients with HER2-negative advanced stage breast cancer—A multicenter, randomized phase III trial.

Christoph Rochlitz, Roger von Moos, Martin Bigler et al. · 2014 · Journal of Clinical Oncology

518 Background: Bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy has been shown to improve response rate and PFS in metastatic breast cancer. The aim of our study was to demonstrate decreased toxicity of metronomic chemotherapy/bevacizumab when…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Aβ plaques do not protect against HSV‐1 infection in a mouse model of familial Alzheimer's disease, and HSV‐1 does not induce Aβ pathology in a model of late onset Alzheimer's disease

Olga V. Bocharova, Aidan Fisher, Narayan Pandit et al. · 2022 · Brain Pathology

The possibility that the etiology of late onset Alzheimer's disease is linked to viral infections of the CNS has been actively debated in recent years. According to the antiviral protection hypothesis, viral pathogens trigger aggregation…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Combination of Hydrogen Inhalation and Hypothermic Temperature Control After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Post hoc Analysis of the Efficacy of Inhaled Hydrogen on Neurologic Outcome Following Brain Ischemia During PostCardiac Arrest Care II Trial

Tomoyoshi Tamura, Hiromichi Narumiya, Koichiro Homma et al. · 2024 · Critical Care Medicine

OBJECTIVE: The Efficacy of Inhaled Hydrogen on Neurologic Outcome Following Brain Ischemia During Post-Cardiac Arrest Care (HYBRID) II trial (jRCTs031180352) suggested that hydrogen inhalation may reduce post-cardiac arrest brain injury…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Factors and consequences of hypertension

Alberto Zanchetti · 2016 · Journal of Hypertension

The articles published in the current issue of the Journal of Hypertension focus on risk factors for the development of hypertension and on the relationship of hypertension with cardiovascular disease. Two articles illustrate the role of…

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Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessMedicine

Clearance of HBeAg and HBsAg of HBV in mice model by a recombinant HBV vaccine combined with GM-CSF and IFN-α as an effective therapeutic vaccine adjuvant

Weidong Zhao, Gan Zhao, Shuren Zhang et al. · 2018 · Oncotarget

// Weidong Zhao 1 , Gan Zhao 1 , Shuren Zhang 1 , Xianzheng Wang 1 , Xueping Yu 2 and Bin Wang 1 1 Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of The Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China 2 Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China Correspondence to: Bin Wang, email: bwang3@fudan.edu.cn Keywords: GM-CSF; IFN-α; therapeutic vaccine; HBV; Ly6C hi monocyte Received: April 14, 2017      Accepted: October 30, 2017      Epub

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Practice of oxygen use in anesthesiology – a survey of the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care

Martin Scharffenberg, Thomas G. Weiss, Jakob Wittenstein et al. · 2022 · BMC Anesthesiology

Abstract Background Oxygen is one of the most commonly used drugs by anesthesiologists. The World Health Organization (WHO) gave recommendations regarding perioperative oxygen administration, but the practice of oxygen use in anesthesia, critical emergency, and intensive care medicine remains unclear. Methods We conducted an online survey among members of the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC). The questionnaire consisted of 46 queries appraising the perioperative period, emergency medicine and in the intensive care, knowledge about current recommendations by the WH

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Replication of H9 influenza viruses in the human ex vivo respiratory tract, and the influence of neuraminidase on virus release

Renee W. Y. Chan, Louisa Chan, Chris Ka Pun Mok et al. · 2017 · Scientific Reports

H9N2 viruses are the most widespread influenza viruses in poultry in Asia. We evaluated the infection and tropism of human and avian H9 influenza virus in the human respiratory tract using ex vivo respiratory organ culture. H9 viruses infected the upper and lower respiratory tract and the majority of H9 viruses had a decreased ability to release virus from the bronchus rather than the lung. This may be attributed to a weak neuraminidase (NA) cleavage of carbon-6-linked sialic acid (Sia) rather than carbon-3-linked Sia. The modified cleavage of N-acetlylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) and N-glycolylne

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Opportunistic pathology-based screening for diabetes

Aaron Simpson, Renata Krowka, Jennifer Kerrigan et al. · 2013 · BMJ Open

OBJECTIVE: To determine the potential of opportunistic glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) testing of pathology samples to detect previously unknown diabetes. DESIGN: Pathology samples from participants collected for other reasons and suitable…

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