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Browse the failure-mode index

21,216 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEconomics, Econometrics and Finance

Modeling Exchange Rate Volatility: Application of the GARCH and EGARCH Models

Manamba Epaphra · 2017 · Journal of Mathematical Finance

Policy makers need accurate forecasts about future values of exchange rates. This is due to the fact that exchange rate volatility is a useful measure of uncertainty about the economic environment of a country. This paper applies univariate nonlinear time series analysis to the daily (TZS/USD) exchange rate data spanning from January 4, 2009 to July 27, 2015 to examine the behavior of exchange rate in Tanzania. To capture the symmetry effect in exchange rate data, the paper applies both ARCH and GARCH models. Also, the paper employs exponential GARCH (EGARCH) model to capture the asymmetry in

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Negative / Null Result ReportBusiness, Management and Accounting

Festperf: A Service Quality Measurement Scale for Festivals

Aaron Tkaczynski, Robin Stokes · 2010 · Event Management

As a service quality measurement tool, SERVPERF has gained an increasing level of prominence among marketing theorists. However, despite the apparent usefulness of this "performance-only"measure of quality in various settings, research is…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental Science

Identifying unidirectional and dynamic habitat filters to faunal recolonisation in restored mine‐pits

Michael Craig, G.E.St.J. Hardy, Joseph B. Fontaine et al. · 2012 · Journal of Applied Ecology

Summary 1. There is increasing evidence that passive faunal recolonisation of restored areas can take decades or even centuries, reducing benefits to biodiversity from restoration. Thus, there is a need to develop restoration and…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Revolutionizing Glioblastoma Treatment: A Comprehensive Overview of Modern Therapeutic Approaches

Karol Sadowski, Adrianna Jażdżewska, Jan Kozłowski et al. · 2024 · International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in the adult population, with an average survival of 12.1 to 14.6 months. The standard treatment, combining surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, is not as efficient as we would like. However, the current possibilities are no longer limited to the standard therapies due to rapid advancements in biotechnology. New methods enable a more precise approach by targeting individual cells and antigens to overcome cancer. For the treatment of glioblastoma, these are gamma knife therapy, proton beam therapy, tumor-treating fields, EGFR and

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Negative / Null Result Report

Tracking the “Arab Spring”: Egypt’s Failed Transition

Nathan J. Brown · 2013 · Journal of Democracy

Abstract: Egypt’s mass uprising of 2011 gave birth to tremendous hopes that a new era of democratic politics could be built in the Arab world. But the process of transition to a democracy was badly designed, providing strong incentives for…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology

Small molecule STING inhibition improves myocardial infarction remodeling

Lavinia Rech, Mahmoud Abdellatif, Maria Pöttler et al. · 2021 · Life Sciences

AIMS: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major global cause of death. Massive cell death leads to inflammation, which is necessary for ensuing wound healing. Extensive inflammation, however, promotes infarct expansion and adverse remodeling. The DNA sensing receptor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase and its downstream signaling effector stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) is central in innate immune reactions in infections or autoimmunity. Cytosolic double-strand DNA activates the pathway and down-stream inflammatory responses. Recent papers demonstrated that this pathway is also active following M

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

A double-blind, randomized, multicenter phase 2 study of prasugrel versus placebo in adult patients with sickle cell disease

Ted Wun, Denis Soulières, Andrew L. Frelinger et al. · 2013 · Journal of Hematology & Oncology

BACKGROUND: Platelet activation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of sickle cell disease (SCD) suggesting antiplatelet agents may be therapeutic. To evaluate the safety of prasugrel, a thienopyridine antiplatelet agent, in adult patients with SCD, we conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. METHODS: The primary endpoint, safety, was measured by hemorrhagic events requiring medical intervention. Patients were randomized to prasugrel 5 mg daily (n = 41) or placebo (n = 21) for 30 days. Platelet function by VerifyNow® P2Y12 and vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein as

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Systemic Therapy for Combined Hepatocellular-Cholangiocarcinoma: A Single-Institution Experience

Nikolaos A. Trikalinos, Amy Zhou, Maria B. Majella Doyle et al. · 2018 · Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network

Background: Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma tumors (cHCC-CCA) are a heterogeneous group of rare malignancies that have no established optimal treatment. Patients and Methods: We identified patients with cHCC-CCA treated at a…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Erythropoietin Produced in a Human Cell Line (Dynepo) Has Significant Differences in Glycosylation Compared with Erythropoietins Produced in CHO Cell Lines

Zahra Shahrokh, Louise Royle, Radka Saldova et al. · 2010 · Molecular Pharmaceutics

Recombinant human erythropoietin has been used to treat anemia associated with chronic renal disease. This paper provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of Dynepo and three other commercial erythropoiesis stimulating agents, Eprex,…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Off-label use of rituximab for systemic lupus erythematosus in Europe

Monica Rydén‐Aulin, Dimitrios T. Boumpas, Irene E. M. Bultink et al. · 2016 · Lupus Science & Medicine

OBJECTIVES: Rituximab (RTX) is a biological treatment used off-label in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This survey aimed to investigate the off-label use of RTX in Europe and compare the characteristics of patients…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Effect of Nebivolol on Outcome in Elderly Patients with Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation: Insights from SENIORS

Bart A. Mulder, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Harry J.G.M. Crijns et al. · 2012 · European Journal of Heart Failure

AIMS: Beneficial effects of beta-blockade remain unclear in heart failure patients who have atrial fibrillation (AF), especially in the elderly. We evaluated the effect of nebivolol on cardiovascular outcomes in elderly patients with heart…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Automatic versus Voluntary Motor Imitation: Effect of Visual Context and Stimulus Velocity

Ambra Bisio, Natale Stucchi, Marco Jacono et al. · 2010 · PLoS ONE

Automatic imitation is the tendency to reproduce observed actions involuntarily. Though this topic has been widely treated, at present little is known about the automatic imitation of the kinematic features of an observed movement. The present study was designed to understand if the kinematics of a previously seen stimulus primes the executed action, and if this effect is sensitive to the kinds of stimuli presented. We proposed a simple imitation paradigm in which a dot or a human demonstrator moved in front of the participant who was instructed either to reach the final position of the stimul

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Methods Dead-EndOpen accessPsychology

Estimation of minimal data sets sizes for machine learning predictions in digital mental health interventions

Kirsten Zantvoort, Barbara Nacke, Dennis Görlich et al. · 2024 · npj Digital Medicine

Artificial intelligence promises to revolutionize mental health care, but small dataset sizes and lack of robust methods raise concerns about result generalizability. To provide insights on minimal necessary data set sizes, we explore domain-specific learning curves for digital intervention dropout predictions based on 3654 users from a single study (ISRCTN13716228, 26/02/2016). Prediction performance is analyzed based on dataset size (N = 100-3654), feature groups (F = 2-129), and algorithm choice (from Naive Bayes to Neural Networks). The results substantiate the concern that small datasets

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Evolution of tricuspid regurgitation after transcatheter edge‐to‐edge mitral valve repair for secondary mitral regurgitation and its impact on mortality

Marianna Adamo, Matteo Pagnesi, Giulia Ghizzoni et al. · 2022 · European Journal of Heart Failure

AIM: To evaluate short-term changes in tricuspid regurgitation (TR) after transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (M-TEER) in secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR), their predictors and impact on mortality. METHODS AND RESULTS: This…

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Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine

Attempted Training of Alcohol Approach and Drinking Identity Associations in US Undergraduate Drinkers: Null Results from Two Studies

Kristen P. Lindgren, Reínout W. Wiers, Bethany A. Teachman et al. · 2015 · PLoS ONE

There is preliminary evidence that approach avoid training can shift implicit alcohol associations and improve treatment outcomes. We sought to replicate and extend those findings in US undergraduate social drinkers (Study 1) and at-risk drinkers (Study 2). Three adaptations of the approach avoid task (AAT) were tested. The first adaptation - the approach avoid training - was a replication and targeted implicit alcohol approach associations. The remaining two adaptations - the general identity and personalized identity trainings - targeted implicit drinking identity associations, which are rob

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology

Clinical activity of a htert (vx-001) cancer vaccine as post-chemotherapy maintenance immunotherapy in patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer: final results of a randomised phase 2 clinical trial

on behalf of the Vx-001-201 trial team, Cesare Gridelli, Tudor–Eliade Ciuleanu et al. · 2020 · British Journal of Cancer

BACKGROUND: CD8 + cytotoxic T cells; this immune response is associated with improved overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: A randomised, double blind, phase 2b trial, in HLA-A*201-positive patients with metastatic, TERT-expressing NSCLC, who did not progress after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy were randomised to receive either Vx-001 or placebo. The primary endpoint of the trial was OS. RESULTS: Two hundred and twenty-one patients were randomised and 190 (101 and 89 patients in the placebo and the Vx-001 arm, respectiv

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Replication FailureOpen accessPsychology

Learning-by-Teaching Without Audience Presence or Interaction: When and Why Does it Work?

Andreas Lachner, Vincent Hoogerheide, Tamara van Gog et al. · 2021 · Educational Psychology Review

Abstract Teaching the contents of study materials by providing explanations to fellow students can be a beneficial instructional activity. A learning-by-teaching effect can also occur when students provide explanations to a real, remote, or even fictitious audience that cannot be interacted with. It is unclear, however, which underlying mechanisms drive learning by non-interactive teaching effects and why several recent studies did not replicate this effect. This literature review aims to shed light on when and why learning by non-interactive teaching works. First, we review the empirical lite

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMaterials Science

Regulating nanomedicines: challenges, opportunities, and the path forward

Bharti Mangla, Pankaj Kumar, Shamama Javed et al. · 2025 · Nanomedicine

Over the past decade, nanomedicines have witnessed significant advancements, with various nanocarriers being introduced into clinical practice. Despite this progress, the absence of a well-defined regulatory framework presents major…

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Replication FailureOpen accessNeuroscience

Inconsistent Effects of Parietal α-tACS on Pseudoneglect across Two Experiments: A Failed Internal Replication

Domenica Veniero, Christopher Benwell, Merle M. Ahrens et al. · 2017 · Frontiers in Psychology

Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is being investigated as an experimental and clinical interventional technique in human participants. While promising, important limitations have been identified, including weak effect sizes and high inter- and intra-individual variability of outcomes. Here, we compared two "inhibitory" tES-techniques with supposedly different mechanisms of action as to their effects on performance in a visuospatial attention task, and report on a direct replication attempt. In two experiments, 2 × 20 healthy participants underwent tES in three separate sessions testin

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Improved gene tree error correction in the presence of horizontal gene transfer

Mukul S. Bansal, Yi-Chieh Wu, Eric J. Alm et al. · 2014 · Bioinformatics

MOTIVATION: The accurate inference of gene trees is a necessary step in many evolutionary studies. Although the problem of accurate gene tree inference has received considerable attention, most existing methods are only applicable to gene families unaffected by horizontal gene transfer. As a result, the accurate inference of gene trees affected by horizontal gene transfer remains a largely unaddressed problem. RESULTS: In this study, we introduce a new and highly effective method for gene tree error correction in the presence of horizontal gene transfer. Our method efficiently models horizonta

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Sex-Specific Impact of Ischemic Preconditioning on Tissue Oxygenation and Maximal Concentric Force

Pénélope Paradis‐Deschênes, Denis R. Joanisse, François Billaut · 2017 · Frontiers in Physiology

Prior peripheral hypoxia induced via remote ischemic preconditioning (IPC) can improve physical performance in male athletes through improved O2 delivery and utilization. Since females may have an innate protective mechanism against ischemia-reperfusion injury, and since muscle metabolism during contraction differs between sexes, it is relevant to examine the impact of sex in response to IPC to determine whether it is also ergogenic in females. In a randomized, crossover, single-blind study, we investigated muscle performance, hemodynamic and O2 uptake in strength-trained males (n=9) and femal

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Effects of endophytic fungi on the ash dieback pathogen

Markus Schlegel, Vivanne Dubach, Larissa von Buol et al. · 2016 · FEMS Microbiology Ecology

While Hymenoscyphus fraxineus causes dieback of the European ash (Fraxinus excelsior), flowering ash (F. ornus) appears resistant to the pathogen. To date, contributions of endophytic fungi to host resistance are unknown. The following…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences

Genetic diversity of Phytophthora infestans in the Northern Andean region

Martha Cárdenas, Alejandro Grajales, Roberto Sierra et al. · 2011 · BMC Genetics

BACKGROUND: Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, the causal agent of potato late blight, is responsible for tremendous crop losses worldwide. Countries in the northern part of the Andes dedicate a large proportion of the highlands to the production of potato, and more recently, solanaceous fruits such as cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana) and tree tomato (Solanum betaceum), all of which are hosts of this oomycete. In the Andean region, P. infestans populations have been well characterized in Ecuador and Peru, but are poorly understood in Colombia and Venezuela. To understand the P. infest

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Negative / Null Result Report

Significant modulation of variability and projected change in California winter precipitation by extratropical cyclone activity

Edmund K. M. Chang, Cheng Zheng, Patrick Lanigan et al. · 2015 · Geophysical Research Letters

Abstract Extratropical cyclones give rise to much of the precipitation over California. Observed California winter precipitation is highly correlated to a metric of extratropical cyclone activity over the Eastern Pacific. The lack of…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The role of interferon-γ in the pathogenesis of acute intra-abdominal sepsis

Christopher R Romero, Daniela S Herzig, A.O. Etogo et al. · 2010 · Journal of Leukocyte Biology

Several studies indicate that IFN-γ facilitates systemic inflammation during endotoxin-induced shock. However, the pathobiology of IFN-γ in clinically relevant models of septic shock, such as CLP, is not well understood. In this study, the…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Cigarette smoking and thyroid cancer risk: a cohort study

Ara Cho, Yoosoo Chang, Jiin Ahn et al. · 2018 · British Journal of Cancer

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the association between smoking status and thyroid cancer risk and whether this association is mediated by body mass index (BMI) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). METHODS: We performed a cohort study of 96,855 Korean adults who were followed annually or biennially for a median of 5.9 years. RESULTS: During 511,052.9 person-years of follow-up, 1,250 participants developed thyroid cancer. In men, we observed a dose-dependent inverse association between current smoking, pack-years, and thyroid cancer. After adjustment for confounders, adjusted hazard ratios (95% conf

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