299 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Psychology. Search the index →
WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.
David A. Bradbard, Cara Peters · 2010 · The Journal of Educators Online
This study sought to examine instructor immediacy and presence in an online learning environment in relation to student affective learning, cognition, and motivation. It found a statistically significant positive relationship between…
View details →Karen J. Parker, Joseph P. Garner, Robin A. Libove et al. · 2014 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
The neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) and its receptor (OXTR) regulate social functioning in animals and humans. Initial clinical research suggests that dysregulated plasma OXT concentrations and/or OXTR SNPs may be biomarkers of social…
View details →Judi Mesman, Marinus H. van IJzendoorn, Marian J. Bakermans‐Kranenburg · 2011 · Child Development Perspectives
Abstract Most studies on parental sensitivity are based on Western samples, and the cross-cultural applicability of this construct has been subject to debate. This article reports on a systematic literature review on observational studies…
View details →Nicholas Bloom, Ruobing Han, James Liang · 2024 · Nature
Abstract Working from home has become standard for employees with a university degree. The most common scheme, which has been adopted by around 100 million employees in Europe and North America, is a hybrid schedule, in which individuals spend a mix of days at home and at work each week 1,2 . However, the effects of hybrid working on employees and firms have been debated, and some executives argue that it damages productivity, innovation and career development 3–5 . Here we ran a six-month randomized control trial investigating the effects of hybrid working from home on 1,612 employees in a Ch
View details →José Miguel Ribé, Manel Salamero, Carles Pérez Testor et al. · 2017 · International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice
OBJECTIVE: Caregivers experience physical and mental stress that ends up lowering their quality of life (QoL). Our goal was to research (a) the level of caregivers QoL; (b) the relationships between the demographic characteristics of the…
View details →Daniel Memmert, Joseph Baker, Claudia Bertsch · 2010 · High Ability Studies
Current theoretical approaches regarding the development of creativity support the view that gathering diversified experience over years is an ideal medium for creative thinking. This study examined the role of practice conditions in the…
View details →Seong-Yeol Kim, Sung-Ja Koo · 2016 · Journal of Physical Therapy Science
[Purpose] The effect of duration of smartphone use on neck and shoulder muscle fatigue and pain was investigated in adults with forward head posture. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty-four adults with forward head posture were classified into…
View details →Alyson K. Zalta, Seth J. Gillihan, Aaron J. Fisher et al. · 2013 · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
OBJECTIVE: The goal of the current study was to examine mechanisms of change in prolonged exposure (PE) therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Emotional processing theory of PTSD proposes that disconfirmation of erroneous…
View details →Per Carlbring, Maria Apelstrand, Helena Sehlin et al. · 2012 · BMC Psychiatry
BACKGROUND: Computerized cognitive bias modification for social anxiety disorder has in several well conducted trials shown great promise with as many as 72% no longer fulfilling diagnostic criteria after a 4 week training program. To test if the same program can be transferred from a clinical setting to an internet delivered home based treatment the authors conducted a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. METHODS: After a diagnostic interview 79 participants were randomized to one of two attention training programs using a probe detection task. In the active condition the partic
View details →Jennifer E. Smith, R Horn, Katherine S. Powning et al. · 2010 · Behavioral Ecology
Coalitionary support in agonistic interactions represents cooperation because intervening in a fight is potentially costly to the donor of support but benefits the recipient. Here, we first review the characteristics of, and evolutionary…
View details →Helen G. Jing, Kevin P. Madore, Daniel L. Schacter · 2016 · Journal of Experimental Psychology General
Previous research has demonstrated that an episodic specificity induction--brief training in recollecting details of a recent experience--enhances performance on various subsequent tasks thought to draw upon episodic memory processes.…
View details →Mahvash Shahidi, Ali Mojtahed, Amirhossein Modabbernia et al. · 2010 · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
BACKGROUND: Laughter Yoga founded by M. Kataria is a combination of unconditioned laughter and yogic breathing. Its effect on mental and physical aspects of healthy individuals was shown to be beneficial. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this…
View details →René F. Kizilcec, Justin Reich, Michael Yeomans et al. · 2020 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Online education is rapidly expanding in response to rising demand for higher and continuing education, but many online students struggle to achieve their educational goals. Several behavioral science interventions have shown promise in…
View details →Elizabeth A. Archie, Jeanne Altmann, Susan C. Alberts · 2012 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Social status can have striking effects on health in humans and other animals, but the causes often are unknown. In male vertebrates, status-related differences in health may be influenced by correlates of male social status that suppress…
View details →Ted A. Paterson, P. D. Harms, Piers Steel et al. · 2015 · Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies
This study compiles information from more than 250 meta-analyses conducted over the past 30 years to assess the magnitude of reported effect sizes in the organizational behavior (OB)/human resources (HR) literatures. Our analysis revealed…
View details →Marisa N. Spann, Linda C. Mayes, Jessica H. Kalmar et al. · 2011 · Child Neuropsychology
Childhood maltreatment (CM) has been associated with diminished executive functioning in children and adults; however, there is a relative paucity of study of executive function in adolescents exposed to CM. Yet, executive dysfunction in…
View details →Sara E. Rimm‐Kaufman, Ross Larsen, Alison E. Baroody et al. · 2014 · American Educational Research Journal
This randomized controlled field trial examined the efficacy of the Responsive Classroom ( RC) approach on student achievement. Schools ( n = 24) were randomized into intervention and control conditions; 2,904 children were studied from…
View details →David C. Mohr, Jenna Duffecy, Joyce Ho et al. · 2013 · PLoS ONE
BACKGROUND: Web-based interventions for depression that are supported by coaching have generally produced larger effect-sizes, relative to standalone web-based interventions. This is likely due to the effect of coaching on adherence. We evaluated the efficacy of a manualized telephone coaching intervention (TeleCoach) aimed at improving adherence to a web-based intervention (moodManager), as well as the relationship between adherence and depressive symptom outcomes. METHODS: 101 patients with MDD, recruited from primary care, were randomized to 12 weeks moodManager+TeleCoach, 12 weeks of self-
View details →Manon A. van Scheppingen, Joshua J. Jackson, Jule Specht et al. · 2016 · Social Psychological and Personality Science
Social investment theory (SIT) proposes that the transition to parenthood triggers positive personality trait change in early adulthood. Using data from a representative sample of first-time parents compared to nonparents, the results of…
View details →David Zendle, Paul Cairns · 2019 · PLoS ONE
Loot boxes are items in video games that contain randomised contents and can be purchased with real-world money. Similarities between loot boxes and forms of gambling have led to questions about their legal status, and whether they should be regulated as gambling. Previous research has suggested a link between the amount that gamers spend on loot boxes and their problem gambling: The more individuals spent on loot boxes, the more severe their problem gambling. However, the generalisability of prior work may be limited by both the self-selected nature of the sample under test, and the fact that
View details →Corinna E. Löckenhoff, Wayne Chan, Robert R. McCrae et al. · 2014 · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology
Numerous studies have documented subtle but consistent sex differences in self-reports and observer-ratings of five-factor personality traits, and such effects were found to show well-defined developmental trajectories and remarkable similarity across nations. In contrast, very little is known about perceived gender differences in five-factor traits in spite of their potential implications for gender biases at the interpersonal and societal level. In particular, it is not clear how perceived gender differences in five-factor personality vary across age groups and national contexts and to what
View details →Jan Alewyn Nel, Velichko H. Valchev, Sebastiaan Rothmann et al. · 2011 · Journal of Personality
The present study, part of the development of the South African Personality Inventory (SAPI), explores the implicit personality structure in the 11 official language groups of South Africa by employing a mixed-method approach. In the…
View details →Briana B. Morrison, Lauren E. Margulieux, Mark Guzdial · 2015
Recent empirical results suggest that the instructional material used to teach computing may actually overload students' cognitive abilities. Better designed materials may enhance learning by reducing unnecessary load. Subgoal labels have…
View details →Christine R. Harris, Noriko Coburn, Doug Rohrer et al. · 2013 · PLoS ONE
Bargh et al. (2001) reported two experiments in which people were exposed to words related to achievement (e.g., strive, attain) or to neutral words, and then performed a demanding cognitive task. Performance on the task was enhanced after exposure to the achievement related words. Bargh and colleagues concluded that better performance was due to the achievement words having activated a "high-performance goal". Because the paper has been cited well over 1100 times, an attempt to replicate its findings would seem warranted. Two direct replication attempts were performed. Results from the first
View details →Andy Dickerson, Arne Risa Hole, Luke Munford · 2014 · Regional Science and Urban Economics
This paper provides an assessment of a range of alternative estimators for fixed-effects ordered models in the context of estimating the relationship between subjective well-being and commuting behaviour. In contrast to previous papers in the literature we find no evidence that longer commutes are associated with lower levels of subjective well-being, in general. From a methodological point of view our results support earlier findings that linear and ordered fixed-effects models of life satisfaction give similar results. However, we argue that ordered models are more appropriate as they are th
View details →Violeta Clement‐Carbonell, Irene Portilla, María Rubio‐Aparicio et al. · 2021 · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
This study aimed to explore the association between sleep quality and its components and both dimensions of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a sample of young adults. The sample comprised 337 participants with a mean age of 19.6 y (SD = 2.22). Sleep quality and HRQoL were measured through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the SF-12, respectively. Regression analyses were used to investigate the association between sleep quality and HRQoL. Our results confirm the significant association between sleep quality and both physical (p = 0.015; β = −0.138; R2 = 0.07) and mental (p < 0
View details →Daniel Hanus, Natacha Mendes, Claudio Tennie et al. · 2011 · PLoS ONE
Recently, Mendes et al. [1] described the use of a liquid tool (water) in captive orangutans. Here, we tested chimpanzees and gorillas for the first time with the same "floating peanut task." None of the subjects solved the task. In order to better understand the cognitive demands of the task, we further tested other populations of chimpanzees and orangutans with the variation of the peanut initially floating or not. Twenty percent of the chimpanzees but none of the orangutans were successful. Additional controls revealed that successful subjects added water only if it was necessary to obtain
View details →Catherine Crane, Rebecca Crane, Catrin Eames et al. · 2014 · Behaviour Research and Therapy
Few empirical studies have explored the associations between formal and informal mindfulness home practice and outcome in Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). In this study ninety-nine participants randomised to MBCT in a multi-centre randomised controlled trial completed self-reported ratings of home practice over 7 treatment weeks. Recurrence of Major Depression was assessed immediately after treatment, and at 3, 6, 9, and 12-months post-treatment. Results identified a significant association between mean daily duration of formal home practice and outcome and additionally indicated th
View details →Rushen Shi, Andréane Melançon · 2010 · Infancy
Recent work showed that infants recognize and store function words starting from the age of 6-8 months. Using a visual fixation procedure, the present study tested whether French-learning 14-month-olds have the knowledge of syntactic…
View details →Kristin Layous, S. Katherine Nelson, Jaime L. Kurtz et al. · 2016 · The Journal of Positive Psychology
Across two studies, we found evidence supporting a positive feedback loop between positive activities, kindness and well-being. In Study 1, participants were randomly assigned to one of four distinct positive activities (versus a neutral…
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