e-ISSN: Pending

Browse the failure-mode index

12,218 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Medicine. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Matrix-Applied Characterized Autologous Cultured Chondrocytes Versus Microfracture: Five-Year Follow-up of a Prospective Randomized Trial

Mats Brittberg, David P. Recker, John Ilgenfritz et al. · 2018 · The American Journal of Sports Medicine

Background: Matrix-based cell therapy improves surgical handling, increases patient comfort, and allows for expanded indications with better reliability within the knee joint. Five-year efficacy and safety of autologous cultured…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Balanced Multielectrolyte Solution versus Saline in Critically Ill Adults

Simon Finfer, Sharon Micallef, Naomi Hammond et al. · 2022 · New England Journal of Medicine

BACKGROUND: Whether the use of balanced multielectrolyte solution (BMES) in preference to 0.9% sodium chloride solution (saline) in critically ill patients reduces the risk of acute kidney injury or death is uncertain. METHODS: In a…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Association of Umbilical Cord Milking vs Delayed Umbilical Cord Clamping With Death or Severe Intraventricular Hemorrhage Among Preterm Infants

Anup Katheria, Frank Reister, Jochen Essers et al. · 2019 · JAMA

Importance: Umbilical cord milking as an alternative to delayed umbilical cord clamping may provide equivalent benefits to preterm infants, but without delaying resuscitation. Objective: To determine whether the rates of death or severe…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Parkin Interacts with Ambra1 to Induce Mitophagy

Cindy Van Humbeeck, Tom Cornelissen, Hilde Hofkens et al. · 2011 · Journal of Neuroscience

Mutations in the gene encoding Parkin are a major cause of recessive Parkinson's disease. Recent work has shown that Parkin translocates from the cytosol to depolarized mitochondria and induces their autophagic removal (mitophagy).…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Convalescent plasma for hospitalized patients with COVID-19: an open-label, randomized controlled trial

Philippe Bégin, Jeannie Callum, Erin Jamula et al. · 2021 · Nature Medicine

The efficacy of convalescent plasma for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is unclear. Although most randomized controlled trials have shown negative results, uncontrolled studies have suggested that the antibody content could influence patient outcomes. We conducted an open-label, randomized controlled trial of convalescent plasma for adults with COVID-19 receiving oxygen within 12 d of respiratory symptom onset ( NCT04348656 ). Patients were allocated 2:1 to 500 ml of convalescent plasma or standard of care. The composite primary outcome was intubation or death by 30 d. Exploratory analyses

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Alexithymia and the Recognition of Facial Expressions of Emotion

James D. A. Parker, Graeme J. Taylor, Michael Bagby · 2010 · Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics

Slides of photographs depicting posed facial expressions of nine different emotions were presented to 131 females and 85 males who were asked to identify the emotion(s) being experienced by the person in each photograph. Subjects were then…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Intraarticular Sprifermin (Recombinant Human Fibroblast Growth Factor 18) in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Trial

Stefan Lohmander, Scarlett Hellot, Don Dreher et al. · 2014 · Arthritis & Rheumatology

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intraarticular sprifermin (recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 18) in the treatment of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS: The study was a randomized, double-blind,…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Comparison of Tumor Regression Grade Systems for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer After Multimodality Treatment

Atthaphorn Trakarnsanga, Mithat Gönen, Jinru Shia et al. · 2014 · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute

BACKGROUND: Tumor regression grade (TRG) is a measure of histopathological response of rectal cancer to neoadjuvant chemoradiation and is associated with outcomes. Several TRG systems are used: Mandard (5,3-tier), Dowrak/Rödel (5,3-tier),…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Nivolumab and Ipilimumab as Maintenance Therapy in Extensive-Disease Small-Cell Lung Cancer: CheckMate 451

Taofeek K. Owonikoko, Keunchil Park, Ramaswamy Govindan et al. · 2021 · Journal of Clinical Oncology

PURPOSE: In extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC), response rates to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy are robust, but responses lack durability. CheckMate 451, a double-blind phase III trial, evaluated nivolumab plus…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Demographically Corrected Normative Standards for the English Version of the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery

Kaitlin B. Casaletto, Anya Umlauf, Jennifer L. Beaumont et al. · 2015 · Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society

Demographic factors impact neuropsychological test performances and accounting for them may help to better elucidate current brain functioning. The NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) is a novel neuropsychological tool, yet the…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

IQ at 6 years after in utero exposure to antiepileptic drugs

Gus A. Baker, Rebecca Bromley, Maria Briggs et al. · 2014 · Neurology

OBJECTIVE: To delineate the risk to child IQ associated with frequently prescribed antiepileptic drugs. METHODS: Children born to women with epilepsy (n = 243) and women without epilepsy (n = 287) were recruited during pregnancy and…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Comparison of T1 mapping techniques for ECV quantification. Histological validation and reproducibility of ShMOLLI versus multibreath-hold T1 quantification equilibrium contrast CMR

Marianna Fontana, Steve K White, Sanjay M Banypersad et al. · 2012 · Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

BACKGROUND: Myocardial extracellular volume (ECV) is elevated in fibrosis or infiltration and can be quantified by measuring the haematocrit with pre and post contrast T1 at sufficient contrast equilibrium. Equilibrium CMR (EQ-CMR), using a bolus-infusion protocol, has been shown to provide robust measurements of ECV using a multibreath-hold T1 pulse sequence. Newer, faster sequences for T1 mapping promise whole heart coverage and improved clinical utility, but have not been validated. METHODS: Multibreathhold T1 quantification with heart rate correction and single breath-hold T1 mapping using

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Programmed Cell Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) and CD8 Expression Profiling Identify an Immunologic Subtype of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas with Favorable Survival

Ludmila Danilova, Won Jin Ho, Qingfeng Zhu et al. · 2019 · Cancer Immunology Research

Abstract Immune-checkpoint therapy has failed to demonstrate meaningful clinical benefit in unselected cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but a subset of PDACs are known to upregulate pathways involved in acquired immune…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Effects of Tamoxifen and Exemestane on Cognitive Functioning of Postmenopausal Patients With Breast Cancer: Results From the Neuropsychological Side Study of the Tamoxifen and Exemestane Adjuvant Multinational Trial

C. Schilder, Caroline Seynaeve, L.V.A.M. Beex et al. · 2010 · Journal of Clinical Oncology

PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of adjuvant tamoxifen and exemestane on cognitive functioning in postmenopausal patients with breast cancer (BC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Neuropsychological assessments were performed before the start (T1)…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Phase III Multinational, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Tivantinib (ARQ 197) Plus Erlotinib Versus Erlotinib Alone in Previously Treated Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Nonsquamous Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Giorgio V. Scagliotti, Joachim von Pawel, Silvia Novello et al. · 2015 · Journal of Clinical Oncology

PURPOSE: Tivantinib, a MET receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, demonstrated increased anticancer activity in preclinical and early clinical studies when combined with erlotinib. Our study aimed to confirm efficacy and safety of the…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Screening for Preeclampsia

US Preventive Services Task Force, Kirsten Bibbins‐Domingo, David C. Grossman et al. · 2017 · JAMA

IMPORTANCE: Preeclampsia affects approximately 4% of pregnancies in the United States. It is the second leading cause of maternal mortality worldwide and may lead to serious maternal complications, including stroke, eclampsia, and organ…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Emergency Department–Initiated Palliative Care in Advanced Cancer

Corita R. Grudzen, Lynne D. Richardson, Pauline N. Johnson et al. · 2016 · JAMA Oncology

IMPORTANCE: The delivery of palliative care is not standard of care within most emergency departments (EDs). OBJECTIVE: To compare quality of life, depression, health care utilization, and survival in ED patients with advanced cancer…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Exploring Diseases/Traits and Blood Proteins Causally Related to Expression of ACE2, the Putative Receptor of SARS-CoV-2: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis Highlights Tentative Relevance of Diabetes-Related Traits

Shitao Rao, Alexandria Lau, Hon‐Cheong So · 2020 · Diabetes Care

OBJECTIVE COVID-19 has become a major public health problem. There is good evidence that ACE2 is a receptor for SARS-CoV-2, and high expression of ACE2 may increase susceptibility to infection. We aimed to explore risk factors affecting…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Monitoring Cognitive Functioning

Margie E. Lachman, Stefan Agrigoroaei, Patricia A. Tun et al. · 2013 · Assessment

Assessment of cognitive functioning is an important component of telephone surveys of health. Previous cognitive telephone batteries have been limited in scope with a primary focus on dementia screening. The Brief Test of Adult Cognition…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

India’s Conditional Cash Transfer Programme (the JSY) to Promote Institutional Birth: Is There an Association between Institutional Birth Proportion and Maternal Mortality?

Bharat Randive, Vishal Diwan, Ayesha De Costa · 2013 · PLoS ONE

BACKGROUND: India accounts for 19% of global maternal deaths, three-quarters of which come from nine states. In 2005, India launched a conditional cash transfer (CCT) programme, Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY), to reduce maternal mortality ratio (MMR) through promotion of institutional births. JSY is the largest CCT in the world. In the nine states with relatively lower socioeconomic levels, JSY provides a cash incentive to all women on birthing in health institution. The cash incentive is intended to reduce financial barriers to accessing institutional care for delivery. Increased institutional

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Impact of Target Lesion Coronary Calcification on Stent Expansion

Yuhei Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Okura, Teruyoshi Kume et al. · 2014 · Circulation Journal

BACKGROUND: Stent underexpansion remains a concern as a cause of drug-eluting stent (DES) failure. Although coronary calcification is considered to be a contributing factor in stent underexpansion, previous intravascular ultrasound studies…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Higher or Lower Hemoglobin Transfusion Thresholds for Preterm Infants

Haresh Kirpalani, Edward F. Bell, Susan R. Hintz et al. · 2020 · New England Journal of Medicine

BACKGROUND: Limited data suggest that higher hemoglobin thresholds for red-cell transfusions may reduce the risk of cognitive delay among extremely-low-birth-weight infants with anemia. METHODS: We performed an open, multicenter trial in…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Trends and Patterns of Geographic Variation in Opioid Prescribing Practices by State, United States, 2006-2017

Lyna Z. Schieber, Gery P. Guy, Puja Seth et al. · 2019 · JAMA Network Open

Importance: Risk of opioid use disorder, overdose, and death from prescription opioids increases as dosage, duration, and use of extended-release and long-acting formulations increase. States are well suited to respond to the opioid crisis through legislation, regulations, enforcement, surveillance, and other interventions. Objective: To estimate temporal trends and geographic variations in 6 key opioid prescribing measures in 50 US states and the District of Columbia. Design, Setting, and Participants: Population-based cross-sectional analysis of opioid prescriptions filled nationwide at US r

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Recommendations for HIV Screening of Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men — United States, 2017

Elizabeth DiNenno, Joseph Prejean, Kathleen L. Irwin et al. · 2017 · MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report

CDC's 2006 recommendations for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing state that all persons aged 13-64 years should be screened for HIV at least once, and that persons at higher risk for HIV infection, including sexually active gay,…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Transplant-Free Survival and Interventions at 6 Years in the SVR Trial

Jane W. Newburger, Lynn A. Sleeper, J. William Gaynor et al. · 2018 · Circulation

Background: In the SVR trial (Single Ventricle Reconstruction), 1-year transplant-free survival was better for the Norwood procedure with right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery shunt (RVPAS) compared with a modified Blalock–Taussig shunt in…

View details →