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Browse the failure-mode index

12,218 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Medicine. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Robotic Resection is a Good Prognostic Factor in Rectal Cancer Compared with Laparoscopic Resection: Long-term Survival Analysis Using Propensity Score Matching

Jin Kim, Se Jin Baek, Dong-Woo Kang et al. · 2017 · Diseases of the Colon & Rectum

BACKGROUND: Robotic total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer has rapidly increased and has shown short-term outcomes comparable to conventional laparoscopic total mesorectal excision. However, data for long-term oncologic outcomes are…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Reduction of inflammation after administration of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: results of the Subcutaneous Interleukin-1Ra in SAH (SCIL-SAH) study

James Galea, Kayode Ogungbenro, Sharon Hulme et al. · 2017 · Journal of neurosurgery

OBJECTIVE Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a devastating cerebrovascular event with long-term morbidity and mortality. Patients who survive the initial bleeding are likely to suffer further early brain injury arising from a…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Traditional landmark versus ultrasound guided tracheal puncture during percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy in adult intensive care patients: a randomised controlled trial

Máté Rudas, Ian Seppelt, Robert Herkes et al. · 2014 · Critical Care

INTRODUCTION: Long-term ventilated intensive care patients frequently require tracheostomy. Although overall risks are low, serious immediate and late complications still arise. Real-time ultrasound guidance has been proposed to decrease complications and improve the accuracy of the tracheal puncture. We aimed to compare the procedural safety and efficacy of real-time ultrasound guidance with the traditional landmark approach during percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT). METHODS: A total of 50 patients undergoing PDT for clinical indications were randomly assigned, after obtaining infor

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Mortality due to cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and cancer in adults with cerebral palsy

Jennifer Ryan, Mark D. Peterson, Nicola Ryan et al. · 2019 · Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology

AIM: To compare mortality rates for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and respiratory disease between adults with cerebral palsy (CP) and the general population. METHOD: A cohort study was conducted using data from adults with CP in England,…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

A phase 2 trial of dasatinib in patients with locally advanced or stage IV mucosal, acral, or vulvovaginal melanoma: A trial of the ECOG‐ACRIN Cancer Research Group (E2607)

Kevin Kalinsky, Sandra Lee, Krista M. Rubin et al. · 2017 · Cancer

BACKGROUND KIT‐directed tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as imatinib have demonstrated benefits in KIT‐mutant (KIT+) mucosal, acral, vulvovaginal, and chronically sun‐damaged (CSD) melanoma. Dasatinib has superior preclinical activity in…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Randomized clinical trial: rikkunshito in the treatment of functional dyspepsia—a multicenter, double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled study

Hidekazu Suzuki, Juntaro Matsuzaki, Yasushi Fukushima et al. · 2014 · Neurogastroenterology & Motility

BACKGROUND: Rikkunshito, a standardized Japanese herbal medicine, is thought to accelerate gastric emptying and relieve dyspepsia, although no large-scale, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of rikkunshito have been conducted. This…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Markers of Celiac Disease and Gluten Sensitivity in Children with Autism

Nga M. Lau, Peter H.R. Green, Annette K. Taylor et al. · 2013 · PLoS ONE

OBJECTIVE: Gastrointestinal symptoms are a common feature in children with autism, drawing attention to a potential association with celiac disease or gluten sensitivity. However, studies to date regarding the immune response to gluten in autism and its association with celiac disease have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to assess immune reactivity to gluten in pediatric patients diagnosed with autism according to strict criteria and to evaluate the potential link between autism and celiac disease. METHODS: Study participants included children (with or without gastrointestinal sym

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Solitary plasmacytoma: population-based analysis of survival trends and effect of various treatment modalities in the USA

Nishitha Thumallapally, Ahmed Meshref, Mohammed Mousa et al. · 2017 · BMC Cancer

BACKGROUND: Solitary plasmacytoma (SP) is a localized neoplastic plasma cell disorder with an annual incidence of less than 450 cases. Given the rarity of this disorder, it is difficult to conduct large-scale population studies. Consequently, very limited information on the disorder is available, making it difficult to estimate the incidence and survival rates. Furthermore, limited information is available on the efficacy of various treatment modalities in relation to primary tumor sites. METHODS: The data for this retrospective study were drawn from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Resu

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Hepatocyte-specific IL11 cis-signaling drives lipotoxicity and underlies the transition from NAFLD to NASH

Jinrui Dong, Sivakumar Viswanathan, Eleonora Adami et al. · 2021 · Nature Communications

IL11 is important for fibrosis in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) but its role beyond the stroma in liver disease is unclear. Here, we investigate the role of IL11 in hepatocyte lipotoxicity. Hepatocytes highly express IL11RA and secrete IL11 in response to lipid loading. Autocrine IL11 activity causes hepatocyte death through NOX4-derived ROS, activation of ERK, JNK and caspase-3, impaired mitochondrial function and reduced fatty acid oxidation. Paracrine IL11 activity stimulates hepatic stellate cells and causes fibrosis. In mouse models of NASH, hepatocyte-specific deletion of Il11ra1

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Young Mania Rating Scale: how to interpret the numbers? Determination of a severity threshold and of the minimal clinically significant difference in the EMBLEM cohort

M. Lukasiewicz, Stéphanie Gerard, Adeline Besnard et al. · 2013 · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research

The aim of this analysis was to identify Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) meaningful benchmarks for clinicians (severity threshold, minimal clinically significant difference [MCSD]) using the Clinical Global Impressions Bipolar (CGI-BP)…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Donor-specific HLA Antibodies Are Associated With Late Allograft Dysfunction After Pediatric Liver Transplantation

Laura J. Wozniak, Michelle J. Hickey, Robert S. Venick et al. · 2015 · Transplantation

BACKGROUND: The role of donor-specific HLA antibodies (DSA) after pediatric liver transplantation (LTx) is not clearly established. We completed a cross-sectional study to characterize DSA in long-term survivors of pediatric LTx and assess…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The value of ultrasonography in predicting arthritis in auto-antibody positive arthralgia patients: a prospective cohort study

Lotte A van de Stadt, Wouter H Bos, Marlies Meursinge Reynders et al. · 2010 · Arthritis Research & Therapy

INTRODUCTION: Ultrasonography (US) has better sensitivity than clinical evaluation for the detection of synovitis in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients presenting with arthralgia and a positive anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) and/or Rheumatoid Factor (IgM-RF) status are at risk for developing RA. In the present study, US utility and predictive properties in arthralgia patients at risk for the development of arthritis were studied. METHODS: 192 arthralgia patients with ACPA and/or IgM-RF were included. Absence of clinical arthritis was confirmed by two physicians. US was per

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Analysis of Gut Microbiome Reveals Significant Differences between Men with Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome and Controls

Daniel A. Shoskes, Hannah Wang, A. Scott Polackwich et al. · 2016 · The Journal of Urology

PURPOSE: Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome is a common disorder with heterogeneous etiologies and clinical features. The gut microbiome is a metabolically active ecosystem linked to systemic conditions (gut-brain axis). We…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Increased Risk of Second Primary Malignancy in Pediatric and Young Adult Patients Treated with Radioactive Iodine for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

Jennifer L. Marti, Kunal Jain, Luc G.T. Morris · 2015 · Thyroid

INTRODUCTION: The long-term sequelae of radioactive iodine (RAI) for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in pediatric and young adult patients are not well-defined. Epidemiologic analyses of second primary malignancy (SPM) risk have only…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Cognitive Lifestyle and Long-Term Risk of Dementia and Survival After Diagnosis in a Multicenter Population-based Cohort

Michael Valenzuela, Carol Brayne, Perminder S. Sachdev et al. · 2011 · American Journal of Epidemiology

An active cognitive lifestyle has been linked to dementia incidence and survival, but the separate and combined effects of its subcomponents are not clear. Data were derived from the Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Clinical Characteristics, Disease Activity, and Patient‐Reported Outcomes in Psoriatic Arthritis Patients With Dactylitis or Enthesitis: Results From the Corrona Psoriatic Arthritis/Spondyloarthritis Registry

Philip J. Mease, Chitra Karki, Jacqueline B. Palmer et al. · 2017 · Arthritis Care & Research

Objective To characterize psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients with dactylitis or enthesitis and evaluate the associations of these manifestations with disease activity and patient‐reported outcomes. Methods Using the Corrona…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Immune Infiltration in Invasive Lobular Breast Cancer

Christine Desmedt, Roberto Salgado, Marco Fornili et al. · 2017 · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute

Background: Invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) is the second most common histological subtype of breast cancer after invasive ductal cancer (IDC). Here, we aimed at evaluating the prevalence, levels, and composition of tumor-infiltrating…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Bevacizumab Prevents Brain Metastases Formation in Lung Adenocarcinoma

Aysegül Ilhan‐Mutlu, Matthias Osswald, Yunxiang Liao et al. · 2016 · Molecular Cancer Therapeutics

Patients with nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (nsNSCLC; largely lung adenocarcinoma) are at high risk of developing brain metastases. Preclinical data suggested that anti-VEGF-A therapy may prevent the formation of nsNSCLC brain…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

A high eating frequency is associated with an overall healthy lifestyle in middle-aged men and women and reduced likelihood of general and central obesity in men

Isabel Holmbäck, Ulrika Ericson, Bo Gullberg et al. · 2010 · British Journal Of Nutrition

The role of eating frequency in obesity development is debated. Therefore, we investigated the association between eating frequency, BMI and waist circumference (WC), as well as how eating frequency is related to diet composition and…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

A Natural Product Telomerase Activator Lengthens Telomeres in Humans: A Randomized, Double Blind, and Placebo Controlled Study

Laura Salvador, Gunasekaran Singaravelu, Calvin B. Harley et al. · 2016 · Rejuvenation Research

TA-65 is a dietary supplement based on an improved formulation of a small molecule telomerase activator that was discovered in a systematic screening of natural product extracts from traditional Chinese medicines. This study summarizes the findings on telomere length (TL) changes from a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study of TA-65 over a 1 year period. The study was conducted on 117 relatively healthy cytomegalovirus-positive subjects aged 53-87 years old. Subjects taking the low dose of TA-65 (250 U) significantly increased TL over the 12 months period (530 ± 180 bp; p = 0.005)

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Enterococcus faecalis Subverts and Invades the Host Urothelium in Patients with Chronic Urinary Tract Infection

Harry Horsley, James Malone‐Lee, David Holland et al. · 2013 · PLoS ONE

Bacterial urinary tract infections (UTI) are a major growing concern worldwide. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli has been shown to invade the urothelium during acute UTI in mice and humans, forming intracellular reservoirs that can evade antibiotics and the immune response, allowing recurrence at a later date. Other bacterial species, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumonia and Salmonella enterica have also been shown to be invasive in acute UTI. However, the role of intracellular infection in chronic UTI causing more subtle lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), a particular pr

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Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessMedicine

Oncolytic virus-derived type I interferon restricts CAR T cell therapy

Laura Evgin, Amanda L. Huff, Phonphimon Wongthida et al. · 2020 · Nature Communications

The application of adoptive T cell therapies, including those using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells, to solid tumors requires combinatorial strategies to overcome immune suppression associated with the tumor microenvironment. Here we test whether the inflammatory nature of oncolytic viruses and their ability to remodel the tumor microenvironment may help to recruit and potentiate the functionality of CAR T cells. Contrary to our hypothesis, VSVmIFNβ infection is associated with attrition of murine EGFRvIII CAR T cells in a B16EGFRvIII model, despite inducing a robust proinflam

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Association Between Anxiety and Depression and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Results From a Large Cross-sectional Study

Ji Min Choi, Jong In Yang, Seung Joo Kang et al. · 2018 · Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The different clinical manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) may be influenced by associated psychological factors. We evaluated the psychological status (anxiety and depression) according to each…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Phase II Trial of Pemetrexed and Bevacizumab in Patients With Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer

Athanassios Argiris, Michalis V. Karamouzis, William E. Gooding et al. · 2011 · Journal of Clinical Oncology

PURPOSE: We hypothesized that bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), will potentiate the activity of pemetrexed, a multitargeted antifolate, in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck…

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