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Browse the failure-mode index

414 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

A Genome-Wide Association Study of Renal Cell Carcinoma among African Americans

Mark P. Purdue, Yuanqing Ye, Zhaoming Wang et al. · 2013 · Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in populations of European ancestry have identified four susceptibility loci. No GWAS has been conducted among African Americans (AA), who experience a higher incidence…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

ALOX12 polymorphisms are associated with fat mass but not peak bone mineral density in Chinese nuclear families

W-J Xiao, J-W He, H Zhang et al. · 2010 · International Journal of Obesity

OBJECTIVE: Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (ALOX12) is a member of the lipoxygenase superfamily, which catalyzes the incorporation of molecular oxygen into polyunsaturated fatty acids. The products of ALOX12 reactions serve as endogenous…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Laboratory divergence of Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 through unintended domestication and past selection for antibiotic resistance

Sean M. Carroll, Katherine S. Xue, Christopher J. Marx · 2014 · BMC Microbiology

BACKGROUND: A common assumption of microorganisms is that laboratory stocks will remain genetically and phenotypically constant over time, and across laboratories. It is becoming increasingly clear, however, that mutations can ruin strain integrity and drive the divergence or "domestication" of stocks. Since its discovery in 1960, a stock of Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 ("AM1") has remained in the lab, propagated across numerous growth and storage conditions, researchers, and facilities. To explore the extent to which this lineage has diverged, we compared our own "Modern" stock of AM1 to a

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Significant differences in terms of codon usage bias between bacteriophage early and late genes: a comparative genomics analysis

Oriah Mioduser, Eli Goz, Tamir Tuller · 2017 · BMC Genomics

BACKGROUND: Viruses undergo extensive evolutionary selection for efficient replication which effects, among others, their codon distribution. In the current study, we aimed at understanding the way evolution shapes the codon distribution in early vs. late viral genes in terms of their expression during different stages in the viral replication cycle. To this end we analyzed 14 bacteriophages and 11 human viruses with available information about the expression phases of their genes. RESULTS: We demonstrated evidence of selection for distinct composition of synonymous codons in early and late vi

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

2-GHz Band CW and W-CDMA Modulated Radiofrequency Fields Have No Significant Effect on Cell Proliferation and Gene Expression Profile in Human Cells

Masaru Sekijima, Hiroshi Takeda, Katsuaki Yasunaga et al. · 2010 · Journal of Radiation Research

We investigated the mechanisms by which radiofrequency (RF) fields exert their activity, and the changes in both cell proliferation and the gene expression profile in the human cell lines, A172 (glioblastoma), H4 (neuroglioma), and IMR-90…

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Negative / Null Result ReportBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

A significant effect of the TSPY1 copy number on spermatogenesis efficiency and the phenotypic expression of the gr/gr deletion

Ying Shen, Yuanlong Yan, Yunqiang Liu et al. · 2013 · Human Molecular Genetics

AZFc deletions cause a significant phenotypic heterogeneity with respect to spermatogenesis; however, the reason for this is poorly understood. Recently, testis-specific protein Y-encoded 1 (TSPY1) copy number variation (CNV) was…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Blood-based extracellular matrix biomarkers as predictors of survival in patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma receiving pegvorhyaluronidase alfa

Song Wang, Cecilie L. Bager, M.A. Karsdal et al. · 2021 · Journal of Translational Medicine

BACKGROUND: Extensive extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is a hallmark of metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDA). We investigated fragments of collagen types III (C3M, PRO-C3), VI (PRO-C6), and VIII (C8-C), and versican (VCANM) in plasma as biomarkers for predicting progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with mPDA treated with pegvorhyaluronidase alfa, a biologic that degrades the ECM component hyaluronan (HA), in a randomized phase 2 study (HALO109-202). METHODS: HALO109-202 comprised a discovery cohort (Stage 1, n = 94) and a validation cohort (S

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Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Inhibitory Receptors Induced by VSV Viroimmunotherapy Are Not Necessarily Targets for Improving Treatment Efficacy

Kevin G. Shim, Shane Zaidi, Jill Thompson et al. · 2017 · Molecular Therapy

Systemic viroimmunotherapy activates endogenous innate and adaptive immune responses against both viral and tumor antigens. We have shown that therapy with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) engineered to express a tumor-associated antigen…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Combined metagenomic and phenomic approaches identify a novel salt tolerance gene from the human gut microbiome

Eamonn P. Culligan, Julian R. Marchesi, Colin Hill et al. · 2014 · Frontiers in Microbiology

In the current study, a number of salt-tolerant clones previously isolated from a human gut metagenomic library were screened using Phenotype MicroArray (PM) technology to assess their functional capacity. PM's can be used to study gene function, pathogenicity, metabolic capacity and identify drug targets using a series of specialized microtitre plate assays, where each well of the microtitre plate contains a different set of conditions and tests a different phenotype. Cellular respiration is monitored colorimetrically by the reduction of a tetrazolium dye. One clone, SMG 9, was found to be po

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Negative / Null Result ReportBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Sex‐dependent associations of genetic variants identified by GWAS with indices of adiposity and obesity risk in a Chinese children population

Bo Xi, Yue Shen, Kathleen H. Reilly et al. · 2012 · Clinical Endocrinology

OBJECTIVE: Recent genome-wide association studies have identified a few single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which are associated with body mass index (BMI)/obesity. This study aimed to examine the identified associations among a…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Human essential hypertension: no significant association of polygenic risk scores with antihypertensive drug responses

Heini Sánez Tähtisalo, Sanni Ruotsalainen, Nina Mars et al. · 2020 · Scientific Reports

Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for essential hypertension, calculated from > 900 genomic loci, were recently found to explain a significant fraction of hypertension heritability and complications. To investigate whether variation of hypertension PRS also captures variation of antihypertensive drug responsiveness, we calculated two different PRSs for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure: one based on the top 793 independent hypertension-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms and another based on over 1 million genome-wide variants. Using our pharmacogenomic GENRES study comprising four

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Serendipity—A Machine-Learning Application for Mining Serendipitous Drug Usage From Social Media

Boshu Ru, Dingcheng Li, Yueqi Hu et al. · 2019 · IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience

Serendipitous drug usage refers to the unexpected relief of comorbid diseases or symptoms when taking medication for a different known indication. Historically, serendipity has contributed significantly to identifying many new drug…

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Replication FailureOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Fecal microbiota transplantation plus pembrolizumab and axitinib in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: the randomized phase 2 TACITO trial

Serena Porcari, Chiara CICCARESE, Vitor Heidrich et al. · 2026 · Nature Medicine

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignancy with limited durable responses to first-line immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based therapies. Emerging evidence implicates the gut microbiome in modulating ICI efficacy. In the…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Chronic hyperglycemia and cardiovascular dysfunction: an in-depth exploration of metabolic and cellular pathways in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Araiz Hussain · 2025 · Cardiovascular Diabetology – Endocrinology Reports

Chronic hyperglycemia is the defining feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and a central driver of its long-term complications, including microvascular and macrovascular diseases. Among these, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with T2DM. Persistent glucose elevation activates multiple interrelated biochemical pathways, including the polyol pathway, formation of advanced glycation end-products, protein kinase C activation, oxidative stress via several cellular mechanisms, as well as the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. These p

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Cardiometabolic phenotypes and mitochondrial DNA copy number in two cohorts of UK women

Anna L. Guyatt, Kimberley Burrows, Philip A. I. Guthrie et al. · 2017 · Mitochondrion

The mitochondrial genome is present at variable copy number between individuals. Mitochondria are vulnerable to oxidative stress, and their dysfunction may be associated with cardiovascular disease. The association of mitochondrial DNA copy number with cardiometabolic risk factors (lipids, glycaemic traits, inflammatory markers, anthropometry and blood pressure) was assessed in two independent cohorts of European origin women, one in whom outcomes were measured at mean (SD) age 30 (4.3) years (N=2278) and the second at 69.4 (5.5) years (N=2872). Mitochondrial DNA copy number was assayed by qua

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Propofol‑induced miR‑125a‑5p inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of ovarian cancer by suppressing LIN28B

Juan Zeng, Yukun Li, Feifei Quan et al. · 2020 · Molecular Medicine Reports

Propofol, a commonly used intravenous anesthetic agent during surgery, has relatively widespread pharmacological actions. Previous studies have reported that propofol may act as an antitumor drug in several cancer types, such as pancreatic…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Exosome secretion kinetics are controlled by temperature

Anarkali Mahmood, Zdeněk Otruba, Alan W. Weisgerber et al. · 2023 · Biophysical Journal

When multivesicular endosomes (MVEs) fuse with the plasma membrane, exosomes are released into the extracellular space where they can affect other cells. The ability of exosomes to regulate cells nearby or further away depends on whether…

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Negative / Null Result ReportBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Modelling vocal anatomy's significant effect on speech

Bart de Boer · 2010 · Journal of Evolutionary Psychology

This paper investigates the effect of larynx position on the articulatory abilities of a human-like vocal tract. Previous work has investigated models that were built to resemble the anatomy of existing species or fossil ancestors. This…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Classification of Type 2 Diabetes Genetic Variants and a Novel Genetic Risk Score Association With Insulin Clearance

Mark O. Goodarzi, Nicholette D Palmer, Jinrui Cui et al. · 2019 · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

CONTEXT: Genome-wide association studies have identified more than 450 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for type 2 diabetes (T2D). OBJECTIVE: To facilitate use of these SNPs in future genetic risk score (GRS)-based analyses, we aimed…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

KC-SMARTR: An R package for detection of statistically significant aberrations in multi-experiment aCGH data

Jorma J. de Ronde, Christiaan Klijn, Arno Velds et al. · 2010 · BMC Research Notes

BACKGROUND: Most approaches used to find recurrent or differential DNA Copy Number Alterations (CNA) in array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) data from groups of tumour samples depend on the discretization of the aCGH data to gain, loss or no-change states. This causes loss of valuable biological information in tumour samples, which are frequently heterogeneous. We have previously developed an algorithm, KC-SMART, that bases its estimate of the magnitude of the CNA at a given genomic location on kernel convolution (Klijn et al., 2008). This accounts for the intensity of the probe sign

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Type 1 diabetes presenting in adults: Trends, diagnostic challenges and unique features

Carmella Evans‐Molina, Richard A. Oram · 2025 · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been historically regarded as a childhood-onset disease; however, recent epidemiological data indicate that adult-onset T1D accounts for a substantial proportion of cases worldwide. There is evidence that…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Hyaluronic Acid as Macromolecular Crowder in Equine Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Cultures

Sergio Garnica-Galvez, Stefanie Korntner, Ioannis Skoufos et al. · 2021 · Cells

The use of macromolecular crowding in the development of extracellular matrix-rich cell-assembled tissue equivalents is continuously gaining pace in regenerative engineering. Despite the significant advancements in the field, the optimal macromolecular crowder still remains elusive. Herein, the physicochemical properties of different concentrations of different molecular weights hyaluronic acid (HA) and their influence on equine adipose-derived stem cell cultures were assessed. Within the different concentrations and molecular weight HAs, the 10 mg/mL 100 kDa and 500 kDa HAs exhibited the high

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Influence of Statins on Survival Outcome in Patients with Metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer Treated with Abiraterone Acetate

Martin Boegemann, Katrin Schlack, Ann-Kathrin Fischer et al. · 2016 · PLoS ONE

OBJECTIVE: Even though the exact mechanism is largely unknown until now, statins are supposed to improve survival outcomes in various malignancies. For prostate cancer however, statins are known to compete with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEAS) for the transport into the cytosol both using the cell by the Solute Carrier Transporter and thus diminish the cellular uptake of DHEAS as a precursor of androgens. Abiraterone inhibits CYP17A1 and thus effectively decreases the production of all relevant androgens including DHEAS. In this study we examined whether statins still affect survival outcome in

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Analysis of Copy Number Variants on Chromosome 21 in Down Syndrome-Associated Congenital Heart Defects

Benjamin L. Rambo‐Martin, Jennifer G. Mulle, David J. Cutler et al. · 2017 · G3 Genes Genomes Genetics

One in five people with Down syndrome (DS) are born with an atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD), an incidence 2000 times higher than in the euploid population. The genetic loci that contribute to this risk are poorly understood. In this study, we tested two hypotheses: (1) individuals with DS carrying chromosome 21 copy number variants (CNVs) that interrupt exons may be protected from AVSD, because these CNVs return AVSD susceptibility loci back to disomy, and (2) individuals with DS carrying chromosome 21 genes spanned by microduplications are at greater risk for AVSD because these microdup

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

No Dose-Response Effect of Carbohydrate Mouth Rinse Concentration on 5-km Running Performance in Recreational Athletes

Neil D. Clarke, James R. Thomas, Marion Kagka et al. · 2016 · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

Clarke, ND, Thomas, JR, Kagka, M, Ramsbottom, R, and Delextrat, A. No dose-response effect of carbohydrate mouth rinse concentration on 5-km running performance in recreational athletes. J Strength Cond Res 31(3): 715-720, 2017-Oral…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Candidate gene studies and the quest for the entrepreneurial gene

Matthijs J. H. M. van der Loos, Philipp Koellinger, Patrick J. F. Groenen et al. · 2011 · Small Business Economics

Candidate gene studies of human behavior are gaining interest in economics and entrepreneurship research. Performing and interpreting these studies is not straightforward because the selection of candidates influences the interpretation of…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Genome-Wide Association Study of Serum Fructosamine and Glycated Albumin in Adults Without Diagnosed Diabetes: Results From the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study

Stephanie Loomis, Man Li, Nisa M. Maruthur et al. · 2018 · Diabetes

Fructosamine and glycated albumin are potentially useful alternatives to hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) as diabetes biomarkers. The genetic determinants of fructosamine and glycated albumin, however, are unknown. We performed genome-wide…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Lipid nanoparticle screening in nonhuman primates with minimal loss of life

Ryan Zenhausern, Bora Jang, Elisa Schrader Echeverri et al. · 2025 · Nature Biotechnology

Understanding how well delivery in mice predicts delivery in nonhuman primates (NHPs) could make lipid nanoparticle (LNP) discovery more efficient. Yet, few LNP-mRNA drug candidates are tested in NHPs, in part because the experiments…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Gut Microbiota Modulation through Akkermansia spp . Supplementation Increases CAR T-cell Potency

Laura Marcos-Kovandzic, Michele Avagliano, Myriam Ben Khelil et al. · 2025 · Cancer Discovery

This study investigates the clinical relevance of the gut microbiome at taxonomic and metabolic levels in anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, both in patients and in a preclinical syngeneic tumor model. Patients with…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Replication of the Association of a MET Variant with Autism in a Chinese Han Population

Xue Zhou, Yang Xu, Jia Wang et al. · 2011 · PLoS ONE

BACKGROUND: Autism is a common, severe and highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder in children, affecting up to 100 children per 10,000. The MET gene has been regarded as a promising candidate gene for this disorder because it is located within a replicated linkage interval, is involved in pathways affecting the development of the cerebral cortex and cerebellum in ways relevant to autism patients, and has shown significant association signals in previous studies. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here, we present new ASD patient and control samples from Heilongjiang, China and use them in a case-contro

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