117 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Physics and Astronomy. Search the index →
WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.
Matthew S. Clement, Nathan A. Kaib, John E. Chambers · 2019 · The Astronomical Journal
Abstract Of the solar system’s four terrestrial planets, the origin of Mercury is perhaps the most mysterious. Modern numerical simulations designed to model the dynamics of terrestrial planet formation systematically fail to replicate…
View details →Sukanta Deb, Harinder P. Singh, Subhash Kumar et al. · 2015 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
We present a study of three-dimensional structure of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). The V- and I-band light curves of the fundamental mode RR Lyrae (RRab) stars obtained by the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment-III project were…
View details →Zhi-zhong Xing, Zhen-hua Zhao, Ye-Ling Zhou · 2015 · The European Physical Journal C
The Majorana nature of massive neutrinos will be crucially probed in the next-generation experiments of the neutrinoless double-beta ( $$0\nu 2\beta $$ ) decay. The effective mass term of this process, $$\langle m\rangle _{ee}$$ , may be contaminated by new physics. So how to interpret a discovery or null result of the $$0\nu 2\beta $$ decay in the foreseeable future is highly nontrivial. In this paper we introduce a novel three-dimensional description of $$|\langle m\rangle _{ee}|$$ , which allows us to see its sensitivity to the lightest neutrino mass and two Majorana phases in a transparent
View details →Adrian Abac, I. Abouelfettouh, F. Acernese et al. · 2026 · The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Abstract We detail the population properties of binary neutron star, neutron star–black hole binary, and binary black hole mergers using 158 events from the cumulative Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 4.0. The black hole primary mass distribution consists of a power-law-like continuum that steepens above 35 M ⊙ with overdensities at 10 M ⊙ and 35 M ⊙ . Binary black holes with primary masses near 10 M ⊙ are more likely to have less massive secondaries, with a mass ratio distribution peaking at q = 0.7 1 − 0.11 + 0.12 , potentially a signature of stable mass transfer during binary evolution.
View details →Wei Hu · 2013 · Social Networking
Various networks exist in the world today including biological, social, information, and communication networks with the Internet as the largest network of all. One salient structural feature of these networks is the formation of groups or communities of vertices that tend to be more connected to each other within the same group than to those outside. Therefore, the detection of these communities is a topic of great interest and importance in many applications and different algorithms including label propagation have been developed for such purpose. Speaker-listener label propagation algorithm
View details →M. Bernert, T.O.S.J. Bosman, T. Lunt et al. · 2025 · Nuclear Materials and Energy
Power exhaust is a crucial issue for future fusion reactors. Divertor detachment and the required power dissipation fractions of about 95% are foreseen to be achieved by impurity seeding. In a tokamak, at high seeding levels the radiation often concentrates in a small region inside the confined plasma near the X-point. In early observations the so-called X-point radiator (XPR) often led to back-transitions to L-mode or disruptions. In metal tokamaks or with higher available heating power, these regimes can be stabilized and are now established on AUG, JET, TCV, KSTAR and WEST. The XPR is a col
View details →Joop Schaye, Evgenii Chaikin, Matthieu Schaller et al. · 2026 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
ABSTRACT We present the COLIBRE galaxy formation model and the COLIBRE suite of cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. COLIBRE includes new models for radiative cooling, dust grains, star formation, stellar mass loss, turbulent diffusion, pre-supernova stellar feedback, supernova feedback, supermassive black holes, and active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback. The multiphase interstellar medium is explicitly modelled without a pressure floor. Hydrogen and helium are tracked in non-equilibrium, with their contributions to the free electron density included in metal-line cooling calculations. Th
View details →Anonymous, G. Baltus, Sarah Caudill et al. · 2026 · Physical review. D/Physical review. D.
We perform a search for binary black hole mergers with one sub-solar mass (SSM) black hole and a primary component above $\sim 2 M_\odot$ in data from the second observing run (O2) of the LIGO-Virgo detectors. Our analysis extends the parameter space explored by previous LIGO-Virgo Collaboration searches for binaries containing SSM components into a region of parameter space motivated by broad mass distributions of primordial black holes (PBHs) exhibiting a peak around $[2-3] M^{}_\odot$, which can arise from the reduction of the equation of state during the QCD phase transition in the early U
View details →Francesco D’Eugenio, Ignas Juodžbalis, Xihan Ji et al. · 2025 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
ABSTRACT We present a ‘Little Red Dot’ (LRD) broad-line active galactic nucleus (AGN) at $z=5.077 $, observed with NIRSpec/MSA (micro-shutter assembly) and NIRSpec/IFU (integral-field unit) by the JADES (JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey) and BlackTHUNDER (Black holes in THe early Universe aNd their DensE surRoundings) surveys. Combining spatially resolved and high-resolution spectroscopy, we characterize its central engine, host, and environment. H$\alpha $ has multiple components, including two broad Gaussians, yielding a black-hole mass $\log (M_{\bullet }/{\rm M}_\odot) = 7.65 $, whi
View details →Aayush Saxena, Alex J. Cameron, Harley Katz et al. · 2026 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
ABSTRACT The ultraviolet (UV) continuum slope of galaxies, $\beta$, is a powerful diagnostic of the metallicity and ages of stars, nebular gas properties, dust content, and the escape of Lyman continuum (LyC) photons. In this study, we present $\beta$ measurements for 395 spectroscopically confirmed galaxies at $5 \lt z \lt 14.3$ selected primarily from JADES, using high-quality JWST (James Webb Space Telescope) NIRSpec/PRISM spectra. We find a median $\beta = -2.15$, finding a mild increase in blueness of $\beta$ with increasing redshift and fainter UV magnitudes. Interestingly, we find evide
View details →Fengqiu Adam Dong, Kaitlyn Shin, Casey Law et al. · 2025 · The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Abstract We report the discovery of CHIME J1634+44, a long-period radio transient (LPT) unique for two aspects: it is the first known LPT to emit fully circularly polarized radio bursts, and it is the first LPT with a significant spin-up. Given that high circular polarization (>90%) has been observed in FRB 20201124A and in some giant pulses of PSR B1937+21, we discuss the implications of the high circular polarization of CHIME J1634+44 and conclude its emission mechanism is likely to be “pulsar-like.” While CHIME J1634+44 has a pulse period of 841 s, its burst arrival patterns are indicati
View details →X. J. Li, Desheng Zhao, Desheng Jiang et al. · 2014 · Journal of Applied Physics
The significant effect of the thickness of Ni film on the performance of the Ohmic contact of Ni/Au to p-GaN is studied. The Ni/Au metal films with thickness of 15/50 nm on p-GaN led to better electrical characteristics, showing a lower…
View details →Sara Kurkowska, Julia Brosch-Lenz, Yuni K. Dewaraja et al. · 2025 · Journal of Nuclear Medicine
Individualized radiopharmaceutical therapies guided by patient-specific absorbed dose (AD) assessments using nuclear medicine imaging have the potential to improve both efficacy and safety. Understanding sources of variability in AD calculations is critical for standardization. The Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Dosimetry Task Force launched the 177Lu Dosimetry Challenge to evaluate variability across steps within the dosimetry workflow. This work aimed to assess the variability in ADs due to different fitting and integration methods. Methods: Anonymized datasets from 2 pati
View details →Prabir Kumar Haldar, Sanjib Kumar Manna · 2011 · Chinese Physics Letters
We present an analysis of ring-like and jet-like events in terms of factorial correlations and oscillatory multiplicity moments of 32S-Ag/Br interactions at 200 A GeV. The investigation reveals that the correlated moments increase with…
View details →Chuneeta D. Nunhokee, Donald M. Null, Cathryn M. Trott et al. · 2025 · The Astrophysical Journal
Abstract This paper presents the spherically averaged 21 cm power spectrum derived from Epoch of Reionization (EoR) observations conducted with the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA). The analysis uses EoR0-field data, centered at (R.A. = 0 h , decl. = −27 ∘ ), collected between 2013 and 2023. Building on the improved methodology described in C. M. Trott et al. (2024), we incorporate additional data quality control techniques introduced in C. D. Nunhokee (2020). We report the lowest-power-level limits on the EoR power spectrum at redshifts z = 6.5, z = 6.8, and z = 7.0. These power levels, measur
View details →Gonzalo Morrás, G. Pratten, P. Schmidt · 2026 · The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Abstract The observation of gravitational waves (GWs) from merging black holes and neutron stars provides a unique opportunity to discern information about their astrophysical environment. Two signatures that are considered powerful tracers to distinguish between different binary formation channels are general relativistic spin-induced orbital precession and orbital eccentricity. Both effects leave characteristic imprints in the GW signal that can be extracted from observations. To date, neither precession nor eccentricity has been confidently discerned in merging neutron star–black hole binar
View details →Callum T. Donnan, Mark Dickinson, Anthony J. Taylor et al. · 2025 · The Astrophysical Journal
Abstract We present JWST/NIRSpec PRISM observations of three luminous ( M UV < −20) galaxies at z ∼ 10 observed with the CANDELS-Area Prism Epoch of Reionization Survey (CAPERS) Cycle 3 program. These galaxies exhibit extreme UV slopes compared to typical galaxies at z = 10. Of the three sources, two of them are a close pair (0 . ″ 22) of blue galaxies at z = 9.800 ± 0.003 and z = 9.808 ± 0.002 with UV slopes of β = −2.87 ± 0.15 and β = −2.46 ± 0.10, respectively, selected from PRIMER COSMOS NIRCam imaging. We perform spectrophotometric modeling of the galaxies, which suggests extre
View details →Hanjie Tan, Xiaoran Yan, Jian‐Yang Li · 2026 · The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Abstract 3I/ATLAS is an interstellar object whose activity provides critical insights into its composition and origin. However, due to its orbital geometry, the object is too close to the Sun near perihelion to be observed from the ground, and space-based measurements are therefore required. Here we characterize the water production rate of 3I/ATLAS using Solar and Heliospheric Observatory/SWAN Ly α observations from 2025 November to December (heliocentric distances 1.4–2.2 au) with 3D Monte Carlo modeling. We report a peak postperihelion water production rate of Q H 2 O ≈ 4 × 1 0 28 molecules
View details →Steven McNamara, S. Abouelazayem, А. И. Алиева et al. · 2026 · Nuclear Fusion
Abstract As part of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Milestone-Based Fusion Energy Development Program, Tokamak Energy has completed the pre-concept design of the ST–E1 fusion power plant. ST–E1 is envisaged to operate in two phases: a pilot plant phase, targeting sustained net power production of 300 − 500 MWe for a duration > 1 hr , followed by a commercial power plant phase targeting steady-state operations and a normalised overnight capital cost of ⩽ 12 000 $ / kWe . The design process adopted was highly iterative, integrating all major plant systems and progressing i
View details →Chloe E. Pugh · 2026 · Kyoto University Research Information Repository (Kyoto University)
Quasi-periodic pulsations (QPPs) are a phenomenon commonly observed in solar flares, and are also occasionally observed in stellar flares. They are time variations in the intensity of the flare emission that repeat with approximately…
View details →R. J. Stewart, George Younes, A. K. Harding et al. · 2025 · The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Abstract We report on IXPE and NuSTAR observations beginning 40 days after the 2024 outburst onset of magnetar 1E 1841−045, marking the first IXPE observation of a magnetar in an enhanced state. Our spectropolarimetric analysis indicates that both a blackbody (BB) plus double power-law (PL) and a double blackbody plus power-law spectral model fit the phase-averaged intensity data well, with a hard PL tail (Γ = 1.19 and 1.35, respectively) dominating above ≈5 keV. For the former model, we find the soft PL (the dominant component at soft energies) exhibits a polarization degree (PD) of ≈30% whil
View details →Andrei Kudriashov, Xiong Zhou, Razmik A. Hovhannisyan et al. · 2025 · Science Advances
Josephson junctions (JJs) are key to superconducting quantum technologies and the search for self-conjugate quasiparticles potentially useful for fault-tolerant quantum computing. In topological insulator (TI)–based JJs, measuring the current-phase relation (CPR) can reveal unconventional effects such as Majorana bound states (MBS) and nonreciprocal transport. However, reconstructing CPR as a function of magnetic field has not been attempted. Here, we present a platform for field-dependent CPR measurements in planar JJs made of NbSe 2 and few-layer Bi 2 Se 3 . When a flux quantum Φ 0 thr
View details →Matthias Klein, J. J. Mohr, C. T. Davies · 2024 · Astronomy and Astrophysics
Galaxy clusters are useful cosmological probes and interesting astrophysical laboratories. As the cluster samples continue to grow in size, a deeper understanding of the sample characteristics and improved control of systematics becomes more crucial. For this analysis we created a new and larger ACT-DR5-based thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Effect- (tSZE-) selected galaxy cluster catalog with improved control over sample purity and completeness. We employed the red sequence based cluster redshift and confirmation tool MCMF together with optical imaging data from the Legacy Survey DR-10 and infrared
View details →Asifa Ashraf, M. Yousaf, Chengxun Yuan et al. · 2026 · The European Physical Journal C
Abstract In this draft, we investigate constant redshift function Morris–Thorne-like traversable wormhole (WH) models which described as a relativistic static fluid distribution in Schwarzschild-type coordinates with a topological global monopole charge under the influence of D -dimensional Einstein gravity. In this scenario we consider three distinct shape functions, while matter sector is supported by anisotropic fluid configuration. We show some basic criteria for the viability of all three shape function models, the radial null energy condition is generally violated while tangential compon
View details →Lucy R. Ivey, J. Scholtz, A. Lola Danhaive et al. · 2026 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
ABSTRACT A majority of JWST/NIRSpec integral field unit (IFU) studies at high redshifts to date have focused on UV-bright or massive objects, while our understanding of low-mass galaxies at early cosmic times remains limited. In this work, we present NIRSpec/IFU high-resolution observations of two low-mass ($M_*< 10^9 \ \mathrm{ M}_\odot$), low-metallicity ($[12+\log (\mathrm{O/H})]< 8$) galaxies at $z\sim 7.66$, one of which we identify as hosting a Type-II active galactic nucleus (AGN). We measure flat strong-line metallicity gradients, suggestive of interstellar medium redistribution by out
View details →Cailin Plunkett, S. Vitale, T. A. Callister et al. · 2026 · Physical Review Letters
Repeated black-hole mergers in dense stellar clusters are a plausible mechanism to populate the predicted gap in black hole masses due to the pair-instability supernova process. These hierarchical mergers carry distinct spin…
View details →Alexandra Moroianu, Shivani Bhandari, Maria R. Drout et al. · 2025 · The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Abstract We report the milliarcsecond localization of a high (∼1379 pc cm −3 ) dispersion measure (DM) repeating fast radio burst (FRB), FRB 20190417A. Combining European VLBI Network detections of five repeat bursts, we confirm the FRB’s host to be a low-metallicity, star-forming dwarf galaxy at z = 0.12817, similar to the hosts of FRB 20121102A, FRB 20190520B, and FRB 20240114A. We also confirm that it is associated with a previously reported persistent radio source (PRS), which is compact on milliarcsecond scales. Visibility-domain model fitting constrains the transverse physical size of th
View details →P. Abratenko, D. Andrade Aldana, Luciano Arellano et al. · 2025 · Nature
Abstract The existence of three distinct neutrino flavours, ν e , ν μ and ν τ , is a central tenet of the Standard Model of particle physics 1,2 . Quantum-mechanical interference can allow a neutrino of one initial flavour to be detected sometime later as a different flavour, a process called neutrino oscillation. Several anomalous observations inconsistent with this three-flavour picture have motivated the hypothesis that an additional neutrino state exists, which does not interact directly with matter, termed as ‘sterile’ neutrino, ν s (refs. 3–9 ). This includes anomalous observations from
View details →C.L. Wilson, J. Astbury, M.J. Ginsberg et al. · 2026 · Nuclear Fusion
Abstract To support the pre-concept design of Tokamak Energy’s (TEs) ST-E1 fusion power plant, we developed a new systems code, PyTok. PyTok codifies plasma physics and engineering constraints within a pure Python, object-oriented framework designed for rapid design iteration and exploration of the power-plant parameter space. The code base and its human- and machine-readable data structures enable coupling to external physics codes and data-analysis tools. Informed by TEs design philosophy and techno-economic analyses, the code was used to identify an initial reference design point for ST-E1.
View details →Richard Stiskalek, Harry Desmond, Julien Devriendt et al. · 2025 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
ABSTRACT The peculiar velocity field of the local Universe provides direct insights into its matter distribution and the underlying theory of gravity, and is essential in cosmological analyses for modelling deviations from the Hubble flow. Numerous methods have been developed to reconstruct the density and velocity fields at $z \lesssim 0.05$, typically constrained by redshift-space galaxy positions or by direct distance tracers such as the Tully–Fisher relation, the Fundamental Plane, or Type Ia supernovae. We introduce a validation framework to evaluate the accuracy of these reconstructions
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