Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Saeede Saadati, Rasoul Godini, Anjana Reddy et al. · 2025 · Frontiers in Immunology
Insulin resistance is a central pathological feature of several chronic metabolic disorders, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. While its pathogenesis is multifactorial, lipid dysregulation and chronic low-grade inflammation are recognised as two major, interconnected processes that impair insulin action across multiple tissues. This review summarises core mechanistic themes linking these processes, with a focus on three key signalling pathways that are particularly relevant to metabolic regulation and to the interplay between lipid metab
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Jinhua Chen, Yu‐Chun Yen, Shing‐Hwa Liu et al. · 2016 · Medicine
The use of induction chemotherapy (CT) is controversial. We compared the survival of head and neck cancer patients receiving docetaxel- or platinum-based induction CT before concomitant chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with the survival of those receiving upfront CCRT alone. Data from the National Health Insurance and cancer registry databases in Taiwan were linked and analyzed. We enrolled patients who had head and neck cancer between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2011. Follow-up was from the index date to December 31, 2013. We included head and neck patients diagnosed according to the Internation
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Lucius S. Fekonja, Ziqian Wang, Dogu Baran Aydogan et al. · 2021 · Frontiers in Oncology
Tumors infiltrating the motor system lead to significant disability, often caused by corticospinal tract injury. The delineation of the healthy-pathological white matter (WM) interface area, for which diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) has shown promising potential, may improve treatment outcome. However, up to 90% of white matter (WM) voxels include multiple fiber populations, which cannot be correctly described with traditional metrics such as fractional anisotropy (FA) or apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). Here, we used a novel fixel-based along-tract analysis consisting of cons
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Jessica Cox, Andrew C. Bernard, Anthony J. Bottiggi et al. · 2014 · Journal of the American College of Surgeons
BACKGROUND: The influence of in-house (IH) attendings on trauma patient survival and efficiency measures, such as emergency department length of stay (LOS), ICU LOS, and hospital LOS, has been debated for more than 20 years. No study has…
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Andrew M. Penn, Maximilian B. Bibok, Viera Saly et al. · 2018 · Biomarkers
OBJECTIVE: To validate our previously developed 16 plasma-protein biomarker panel to differentiate between transient ischaemic attack (TIA) and non-cerebrovascular emergency department (ED) patients.METHOD: Two consecutive cohorts of ED…
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Fabienne Marcellin, C. Lions, Éric Rosenthal et al. · 2016 · Drug and Alcohol Review
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Despite cannabis use being very common in patients co-infected with HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV), its effect on these patients' immune systems remains undocumented. Documenting the potential effect of cannabis use…
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Garth Funston, Gary Abel, Emma J. Crosbie et al. · 2021 · Cancers
CA125 is widely used as an initial investigation in women presenting with symptoms of possible ovarian cancer. We sought to develop CA125-based diagnostic prediction models and to explore potential implications of implementing model-based thresholds for further investigation in primary care. This retrospective cohort study used routinely collected primary care and cancer registry data from symptomatic, CA125-tested women in England (2011-2014). A total of 29,962 women were included, of whom 279 were diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Logistic regression was used to develop two models to estimate o
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William R. Freeman, Francesco Bandello, Eric H. Souied et al. · 2023 · Ophthalmology Retina
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of repeat injections of Brimonidine Drug Delivery System (Brimo DDS) Generation 2 (Gen 2) containing 400-μg brimonidine in patients with geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular…
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Paul Blanc‐Durand, Axel Van Der Gucht, Antoine Verger et al. · 2018 · PLoS ONE
INTRODUCTION: Aim was to develop a full automatic clustering approach of the time-activity curves (TAC) from dynamic 18F-FET PET and evaluate its association with IDH1 mutation status and survival in patients with gliomas. METHODS: Thirty-seven patients (mean age: 45±13 y) with newly diagnosed gliomas and dynamic 18F-FET PET before any histopathologic investigation or treatment were retrospectively included. Each dynamic 18F-FET PET was realigned to the first image and spatially normalized in the Montreal Neurological Institute template. A tumor mask was semi-automatically generated from Z-sco
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Oliver Shutkever, David J. Gracie, Caroline Young et al. · 2018 · Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Background: The microbiome is implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Whether a distinct microbiome profile is associated with the reporting of IBS-type symptoms in IBD…
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Mikael Fink Vallentin, Asger Granfeldt, Carsten Meilandt et al. · 2022 · Resuscitation
OBJECTIVE: The Calcium for Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest (COCA) trial was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of calcium for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The primary and secondary outcomes have been reported previously. This article describes the long-term outcomes of the trial. METHODS: Patients aged ≥18 years were included if they had a non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during which they received adrenaline. The trial drug consisted of calcium chloride (5 mmol) or saline placebo given after the first dose of adrenaline and again after the second dose of adrena
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S. Takahashi, Atsushi Kudoh, Yoshio Okawa et al. · 2012 · FEBS Journal
Candida glabrata is often the second or third most common cause of candidiasis after Candida albicans. C. glabrata infections are difficult to treat, often resistant to many azole antifungal agents and are associated with a high mortality…
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Giorgio Aicardi · 2013 · Rejuvenation Research
Despite decades of research, there is no cure for Alzheimer disease (AD), and current pharmacological treatments only partially mask the symptoms while the disease progresses within the brain. AD is associated with impaired clearance of…
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Fabrizio Stocchi, Mario Zappia, Valentina Dall’Armi et al. · 2010 · Movement Disorders
Melevodopa hydrochloride plus carbidopa in effervescent tablets (M/C) is a readily soluble antiparkinsonian tablet formulation. A total of 221 patients with Parkinson's disease and motor fluctuations entered a randomized, double-blind,…
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Nathalie Charlier, Andrew D. Davidson, Kai Dallmeier et al. · 2010 · Journal of General Virology
Chimeric yellow fever virus 17D (YFV-17D) and dengue virus type 2 (DENV2) carrying the surface proteins of Modoc virus (MODV), a not-known-vector (NKV) flavivirus, replicated efficiently in mammalian (Vero-B) and mosquito (C6/36) cells,…
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Paweł Miotła, Katarzyna Romanek-Piva, Michał Bogusiewicz et al. · 2017 · BioMed Research International
Aim . Urinary tract infection (UTI) is considered one of the most common bacterial infections in women. The aim of this study was to investigate the types of uropathogens present, as well as the degree of antimicrobial drug resistance seen among premenopausal (n=2748) and postmenopausal (n=1705) women with uncomplicated UTI. Methods . Urinary samples (n=4453) collected from women with UTI were analyzed in terms of uropathogens present. These were considered as positive if bacterial growth was ≥10 5 colony forming units (CFUs)/mL. Susceptibility and resistance testing for commonly used antibiot
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Pol Specenier, Jan B. Vermorken · 2012 · ISRN Oncology
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in the vast majority of cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). A high EGFR expression is associated with an unfavorable prognosis. Cetuximab is a chimeric human/murine IgG1 antibody which binds with high affinity to the EGFR. It is the only targeted agent which got approval for the treatment of SCCHN from the regulatory agencies of Europe and the United States, both in locoregionally advanced disease, in association with radiation, and in recurrent/metastatic disease. The outcome of trials involving other EGFR
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Franca E. Dupuy, Adam R. Clarke, Robert J. Barry et al. · 2013 · Clinical EEG and Neuroscience
This study further investigated electroencephalogram (EEG) differences between girls with the Combined and Inattentive types of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD). We selected subjects with widely separated scores on…
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Min Liu, Zhiyao Wang, Huifang Shang · 2024 · Journal of Neurology
Multiple system atrophy is a rare, debilitating, adult-onset neurodegenerative disorder that manifests clinically as a diverse combination of parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia, and autonomic dysfunction. It is pathologically characterized by oligodendroglial cytoplasmic inclusions containing abnormally aggregated α-synuclein. According to the updated Movement Disorder Society diagnostic criteria for multiple system atrophy, the diagnosis of clinically established multiple system atrophy requires the manifestation of autonomic dysfunction in combination with poorly levo-dopa responsive parkinsoni
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Richard A. Brown, Susan E. Ramsey, Christopher W. Kahler et al. · 2011 · Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs
OBJECTIVE: A previous pilot study found positive outcomes among alcohol-dependent individuals with elevated depressive symptoms who received cognitive-behavioral treatment for depression (CBT-D; n = 19) compared with a relaxation training…
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Yen‐Jen Chen, Hsien‐Te Chen, Horng‐Chaung Hsu · 2015 · Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
BACKGROUND: Survival is a key factor physicians consider when selecting a treatment modality for the treatment of spinal metastases. Various assessment systems can predict length of survival and facilitate selection of the most appropriate treatment. Spinal palsy is a prognostic parameter in the Tokuhashi scoring system but not in the Tomita scoring system. A limitation of these scoring systems is that studies of them have included different tumor types. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of preoperative neurological status as a prognostic factor in non-small-cell lung cancer
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Arthur Wickenhagen, Meaghan Flagg, Julia R. Port et al. · 2025 · Nature Communications
The emergence of the Omicron lineage represented a major genetic drift in SARS-CoV-2 evolution. This was associated with phenotypic changes including evasion of pre-existing immunity and decreased disease severity. Continuous evolution within the Omicron lineage raised concerns of potential increased transmissibility and/or disease severity. To address this, we evaluate the fitness and pathogenesis of contemporary Omicron variants XBB.1.5, XBB.1.16, EG.5.1, and JN.1 in the upper (URT) and lower respiratory tract (LRT). We compare in vivo infection in Syrian hamsters with infection in primary h
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Tiffany A. Greenwood, John R. Kelsoe · 2013 · PLoS ONE
The use of clinical features to define subtypes of a disorder may aid in gene identification for complex diseases. In particular, clinical subtypes of mania may distinguish phenotypic subgroups of bipolar subjects that may also differ genetically. To assess this possibility, we performed a genome-wide association study using genotype data from the Bipolar Genome Study (BiGS) and subjects that were categorized as having either irritable or elated mania during their most severe episode. A bipolar case-only analysis in the GAIN bipolar sample identified several genomic regions that differed betwe
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Claus Neurohr, Nikolaus Kneidinger, Alessandro Ghiani et al. · 2021 · American Journal of Transplantation
Long-term survival after lung transplantation is limited by chronic allograft dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of locally augmented immunosuppression with liposomal cyclosporine A for inhalation (L-CsA-i)…
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Gülen Hatemi, Emire Seyahi, İzzet Fresko et al. · 2017 · PubMed
Several articles highlighting the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, treatment modalities and disease assessment of Behçet's syndrome (BS) have been published during the last year. Clinical and radiological features of lower…
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Laura Krygere, Povilas Jukna, Kristina Jarienė et al. · 2024 · Biomedicines
Endometriosis is a common gynecological condition affecting approximately 10% of women of reproductive age, characterized by the abnormal presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. Although endometriosis was first described over 300 years ago, its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood, and accurate, prompt diagnosis continues to be challenging. Currently, there is a lack of effective, non-invasive diagnostic methods, and available treatments often come with significant side effects and high recurrence rates. This has spurred interest in investigating the role of pro- and
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Meryem A. Yücel, Robert Luke, Rickson C. Mesquita et al. · 2025 · Communications Biology
As data analysis pipelines grow more complex in brain imaging research, understanding how methodological choices affect results is essential for ensuring reproducibility and transparency. This is especially relevant for functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), a rapidly growing technique for assessing brain function in naturalistic settings and across the lifespan, yet one that still lacks standardized analysis approaches. In the fNIRS Reproducibility Study Hub (FRESH) initiative, we asked 38 research teams worldwide to independently analyze the same two fNIRS datasets. Despite using dif
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Ashwin Ramaswamy, Alvira Tyagi, Hannah Hugo et al. · 2026 · Nature Medicine
ChatGPT Health was launched in January 2026 as OpenAI's consumer health tool and has reached millions of users. Here we conducted a structured stress test of triage recommendations using 60 clinician-authored vignettes across 21 clinical domains under 16 factorial conditions, yielding 960 total responses. Performance followed an inverted U-shaped pattern, with the most dangerous failures concentrated at clinical extremes-nonurgent presentations (35%) and emergency conditions (48%). Among gold-standard emergencies, the system undertriaged 52% of cases, directing patients with diabetic ketoacido
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Mats Enlund, Anders Berglund, Anna Enlund et al. · 2022 · Anesthesiology
BACKGROUND: Several retrospective studies using administrative or single-center data have failed to show any difference between general anesthesia using propofol versus inhaled volatiles on long-term survival after breast cancer surgery.…
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Josef S. Smolen, Christopher J. Edwards, Victoria Konzett et al. · 2026 · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to provide an update of the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management recommendations addressing the most recent insights. METHODS: An International Task…
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