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Browse the failure-mode index

12,222 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Medicine. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Dietary isoflavone intake is not statistically significantly associated with breast cancer risk in the Multiethnic Cohort

Yukiko Morimoto, Gertraud Maskarinec, Song‐Yi Park et al. · 2014 · British Journal Of Nutrition

Given the high intake levels of soya and low incidence rates of breast cancer in Asian countries, isoflavones, substances with an oestrogen-like structure occurring principally in soyabeans, are postulated to be cancer protective. In the…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Obese Rats Exhibit High Levels of Fat Necrosis and Isoprostanes in Taurocholate-Induced Acute Pancreatitis

Javier Pereda, Salvador Pérez, Javier Escobar et al. · 2012 · PLoS ONE

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a prognostic factor for severity in acute pancreatitis in humans. Our aim was to assess the role of oxidative stress and abdominal fat in the increased severity of acute pancreatitis in obese rats. METHODOLOGY: Taurocholate-induced acute pancreatitis was performed in lean and obese Zucker rats. Levels of reduced glutathione, oxidized glutathione, L-cysteine, cystine, and S-adenosylmethionine were measured in pancreas as well as the activities of serine/threonine protein phosphatases PP1 and PP2A and tyrosin phosphatases. Isoprostane, malondialdehyde, triglyceride, and fr

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Clinical outcomes of patients with corticosteroid refractory immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced enterocolitis treated with infliximab

James L. Alexander, Hajir Ibraheim, Bhavisha P. Sheth et al. · 2021 · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer

INTRODUCTION: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) have changed the treatment landscape for many cancers, but also cause severe inflammatory side effects including enterocolitis. CPI-induced enterocolitis is treated empirically with corticosteroids, and infliximab (IFX) is used in corticosteroid-refractory cases. However, robust outcome data for these patients are scarce. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter (six cancer centers), cohort study of outcomes in patients treated with IFX for corticosteroid-refractory CPI-induced enterocolitis between 2007 and 2020. The primary outcome was corticoster

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Significant association between high serum CCL5 levels and better disease‐free survival of patients with early breast cancer

Yukie Fujimoto, Natsuko Inoue, Koji Morimoto et al. · 2019 · Cancer Science

Analysis of anticancer immunity aids in assessing the prognosis of patients with breast cancer. From 250 operated breast cancers, we focused on serum levels of C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), which is involved in cancer immune…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The TLR4-PAR1 Axis Regulates Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Survival and Therapeutic Capacity in Experimental Bacterial Pneumonia

Naveen Gupta, Ranjeet Sinha, Anna Krasnodembskaya et al. · 2018 · Stem Cells

Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells have been shown to have significant therapeutic effects in experimental models of pneumonia and lung injury. The current study examined the roles of the toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) and protease…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Comparison of pathogenicity of subtype H9 avian influenza wild-type viruses from a wide geographic origin expressing mono-, di-, or tri-basic hemagglutinin cleavage sites

Rokshana Parvin, Jan Schinkoethe, Christian Grund et al. · 2020 · Veterinary Research

An intravenous pathogenicity index (IVPI) of > 1.2 in chickens or, in case of subtypes H5 and H7, expression of a polybasic hemagglutinin cleavage site (HACS), signals high pathogenicity (HP). Viruses of the H9N2-G1 lineage, which spread across Asia and Africa, are classified to be of low pathogenicity although, in the field, they became associated with severe clinical signs and epizootics in chickens. Here we report on a pre-eminent trait of recent H9N2-G1 isolates from Bangladesh and India, which express a tribasic HACS (motif PAKSKR-GLF; reminiscent of an HPAIV-like polybasic HACS) and comp

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Mortality in Individuals Aged 80 and Older with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Relation to Glycosylated Hemoglobin, Blood Pressure, and Total Cholesterol

Shota Hamada, Martin Gulliford · 2016 · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether low glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure (BP), and total cholesterol (TC) are associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality in very old individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. DESIGN:…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Efficacy and safety of TACE combined with lenvatinib and PD‐1 inhibitors for unresectable recurrent HCC: A multicenter, retrospective study

Weijun Wang, Zong‐Han Liu, Kang Wang et al. · 2023 · Cancer Medicine

BACKGROUND: There is no consensus on the optimal regimen for unresectable recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), so this retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors (T-L-P) versus TACE combined with lenvatinib (T-L) or TACE alone. METHOD: Data were collected from 204 patients with unresectable recurrent HCC who received T-L-P, T-L, or TACE alone at three medical centers from January, 2019 to December, 2020 for analysis. The survival outcomes, tumor response, and adverse events were compa

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Evaluation of gene xpert for routine diagnosis of HIV-associated tuberculosis in Nigeria: A prospective cohort study

Maxwell Akanbi, Chad J. Achenbach, Babafemi Taiwo et al. · 2017 · BMC Pulmonary Medicine

BACKGROUND: Xpert MTB/Rif (Xpert) is described as a game changer in tuberculosis (TB) control. We evaluated the impact of Xpert on diagnosis, time to treatment, and treatment outcome among patients with HIV associated TB in Nigeria. METHODS: Adults with HIV being evaluated for pulmonary TB (PTB) were consecutively enrolled into the study cohort. At baseline, expectorated sputa were examined using Xpert and smear microscopy for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and acid fast bacilli, respectively. Patients diagnosed with TB were followed-up until 6 months post TB diagnosis. TB was defined as spu

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Individualized Surgical Approach Planning for Petroclival Tumors Using a 3D Printer

Thomas Muelleman, Jeremy Peterson, Naweed I. Chowdhury et al. · 2015 · Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B Skull Base

Objectives To determine the utility of three-dimensional (3D) printed models in individualized petroclival tumor resection planning by measuring the fidelity of printed anatomical structures and comparing tumor exposure afforded by…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

A Biomechanical Comparison of One-Third Tubular Plates Versus Periarticular Plates for Fixation of Osteoporotic Distal Fibula Fractures

Adrian T. Davis, Heidi Israel, Lisa K. Cannada et al. · 2012 · Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to test the biomechanical properties of locking and nonlocking plates using one-third tubular and periarticular plate designs in an osteoporotic distal fibula fracture model. METHODS: Twenty-four…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Clinically significant association between the maximum standardized uptake value on 18F-FDG PET and expression of phosphorylated Akt and S6 kinase for prediction of the biological characteristics of renal cell cancer

Tomoya Mizuno, Takao Kamai, Hideyuki Abe et al. · 2015 · BMC Cancer

BACKGROUND: The relationship between the clinicopathological features and molecular changes associated with standardized uptake value (SUV) determined by Positron emission tomography (PET) with [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG PET) in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not been elucidated. On the other hand, overactivation of the phosphatidylinositol 3'kinase (PI3K), serine/threonine kinase Akt, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway has been detected in a variety of human cancers, including RCC. So far, little is known about the relationship between the SUV and these proteins in

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Prognostic factors of BRAF V600E colorectal cancer with liver metastases: a retrospective multicentric study

Sahir Javed, Stéphane Benoist, Patrick Devos et al. · 2022 · World Journal of Surgical Oncology

BACKGROUND: BRAF V600E-mutant colorectal cancers (CRCs) are associated with shorter survival than BRAF wild-type tumors. Therapeutic decision-making for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) harboring this mutation remains difficult due to the scarce literature. The aim was to study a large cohort of BRAF V600E-mutant CRLM patients in order to see if surgery extend overall survival among others prognostic factors. METHODS: BRAF V600E-mutant CRCs diagnosed with liver-only metastases, resected or not, were retrospectively identified between April 2008 and December 2017, in 25 French centers. Clinic

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Tumor regression mediated by oncogene withdrawal or erlotinib stimulates infiltration of inflammatory immune cells in EGFR mutant lung tumors

Deborah Ayeni, Braden Miller, Alexandra Kuhlmann et al. · 2019 · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer

BACKGROUND: Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) like erlotinib are effective for treating patients with EGFR mutant lung cancer; however, drug resistance inevitably emerges. Approaches to combine immunotherapies and targeted therapies to overcome or delay drug resistance have been hindered by limited knowledge of the effect of erlotinib on tumor-infiltrating immune cells. METHODS: Using mouse models, we studied the immunological profile of mutant EGFR-driven lung tumors before and after erlotinib treatment. RESULTS: We found that erlotinib triggered the re

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The use of a proposed updated EARL harmonization of 18F-FDG PET-CT in patients with lymphoma yields significant differences in Deauville score compared with current EARL recommendations

John Ly, David Minarik, Lars Edenbrandt et al. · 2019 · EJNMMI Research

The Deauville score (DS) is a clinical tool, based on the comparison between lesion and reference organ uptake of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), used to stratify patients with lymphoma into categories reflecting their disease status. With a plethora of positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET-CT) hard- and software algorithms, standard uptake value (SUV) in lesions and reference organs may differ which affects DS classification and therefore medical treatment. The EANM Research Ltd. (EARL) harmonization program from the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) partly mi

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Tetrahydrobiopterin Protects Against Hypertrophic Heart Disease Independent of Myocardial Nitric Oxide Synthase Coupling

Toru Hashimoto, Vidhya Sivakumaran, Ricardo Carnicer et al. · 2016 · Journal of the American Heart Association

BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide synthase uncoupling occurs under conditions of oxidative stress modifying the enzyme's function so it generates superoxide rather than nitric oxide. Nitric oxide synthase uncoupling occurs with chronic pressure…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Particulate ECM biomaterial ink is 3D printed and naturally crosslinked to form structurally-layered and lubricated cartilage tissue mimics

Jeanne E. Barthold, Kaitlin P. McCreery, Jaylene Martinez et al. · 2022 · Biofabrication

Abstract Articular cartilage is a layered tissue with a complex, heterogeneous structure and lubricated surface which is challenging to reproduce using traditional tissue engineering methods. Three-dimensional printing techniques have…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Evaluation of outcome and prognostic factors in patients of glioblastoma multiforme: A single institution experience

Narendra Kumar, Pankaj Kumar, Shabab Angurana et al. · 2013 · Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice

AIMS: We present retrospective analysis of patients of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and discuss clinical characteristics, various treatment protocols, survival outcomes, and prognostic factors influencing survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS:…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Ultrasound guidance for femoral venous access in patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation: A quasi‐randomized study

Péter Kupó, T Riesz, László Sághy et al. · 2023 · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology

INTRODUCTION: Routine ultrasound (US) guidance for femoral venous access to decrease vascular complications of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation procedures has been advocated. However, the benefit has not been unequivocally demonstrated by randomized-trial data. METHODS: Consecutive patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) on uninterrupted anticoagulant treatment were included. A quasi-random allocation to either US-guided or conventional puncture group was based on which of the two procedure rooms the patient was scheduled in, with only one of the rooms equipped with a US machine in

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Evaluation of a Computer-Tailored Healthy Ageing Intervention to Promote Physical Activity among Single Older Adults with a Chronic Disease

Janet M. Boekhout, Brenda Berendsen, Denise A. Peels et al. · 2018 · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

This study explores the effectiveness of the Active Plus65 intervention designed to stimulate physical activity among single older adults with a chronic physical impairment. A quasi-experimental pre-test post-test study was performed. The intervention group (n = 411; mean age = 76.75; SD = 7.75) was assessed at baseline, three months, and six months. Data of comparable older adults who completed the original Active Plus intervention served as reference group (n = 87; mean age = 74.36; SD = 6.26). Multilevel regression analyses were applied: outcome measures were weekly minutes of moderate to v

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

A Phase 2 clinical trial of PF-05212377 (SAM-760) in subjects with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease with existing neuropsychiatric symptoms on a stable daily dose of donepezil

Terence Fullerton, Brendon Binneman, William David et al. · 2018 · Alzheimer s Research & Therapy

Symptomatic benefits have been reported for 5-HT6 receptor antagonists in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) trials. SAM-760 is a potent and selective 5-HT6 receptor antagonist that has demonstrated central 5-HT6 receptor saturation in humans at a dose of 30 mg. This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of SAM-760 30 mg once daily (QD) for 12 weeks in subjects with AD on a stable regimen of donepezil 5 to 10 mg QD. The study included an interim analysis with stopping rules for futility or efficacy after 180 subjects comp

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Centromedian Nucleus of the Thalamus Deep Brain Stimulation for Genetic Generalized Epilepsy: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Shruti Agashe, David B. Burkholder, Keith Starnes et al. · 2022 · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

There is a paucity of treatment options for cognitively normal individuals with drug resistant genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE). Centromedian nucleus of the thalamus (CM) deep brain stimulation (DBS) may be a viable treatment for GGE. Here, we present the case of a 27-year-old cognitively normal woman with drug resistant GGE, with childhood onset. Seizure semiology are absence seizures and generalized onset tonic clonic (GTC) seizures. At baseline she had 4-8 GTC seizures per month and weekly absence seizures despite three antiseizure medications and vagus nerve stimulation. A multidisciplin

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Significant differences when using creatinine, modification of diet in renal disease, or cystatin C for estimating glomerular filtration rate in ICU patients

Miklós Lipcsey, Mia Furebring, Sten Rubertsson et al. · 2010 · Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences

BACKGROUND: Renal dysfunction is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in intensive care patients. In most cases the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is estimated based on serum creatinine and the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula, but cystatin C-estimated GFR is being used increasingly. The aim of this study was to compare creatinine and MDRD and cystatin C-estimated GFR in intensive care patients. METHODS: Retrospective observational study was performed, on patients treated within the general intensive care unit (ICU) during 2004-2006, in a Swedish university h

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