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Browse the failure-mode index

12,263 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Medicine. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The neural determinants of age-related changes in fluid intelligence: a pre-registered, longitudinal analysis in UK Biobank [version 1; referees: 2 approved]

Rogier A. Kievit, Delia Fuhrmann, Gesa Sophia Borgeest et al. · 2018 · Wellcome Open Research

Background: Fluid intelligence declines with advancing age, starting in early adulthood. Within-subject declines in fluid intelligence are highly correlated with contemporaneous declines in the ability to live and function independently. To support healthy aging, the mechanisms underlying these declines need to be better understood. Methods: In this pre-registered analysis, we applied latent growth curve modelling to investigate the neural determinants of longitudinal changes in fluid intelligence across three time points in 185,317 individuals (N=9,719 two waves, N=870 three waves) from the U

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

No effect of additional education on long-term brain structure, a preregistered natural experiment in thousands of individuals

Nicholas Judd, Rogier Kievit · 2025 · eLife

Education is related to a wide variety of beneficial health, behavioral, and societal outcomes. However, whether education causes long-term structural changes in the brain remains unclear. A pressing challenge is that individuals self-select into continued education, thereby introducing a wide variety of environmental and genetic confounders. Fortunately, natural experiments allow us to isolate the causal impact of increased education from individual (and societal) characteristics. Here, we exploit a policy change in the UK (the 1972 ROSLA act) that increased the amount of mandatory schooling

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Evaluating the association between lifetime physical activity and oral squamous cell carcinoma: A case-control study.

Seyyed Abolfazl Tabatabaie-Zadeh, Nazanin Mahdavi, Behnaz Mahdaviani et al. · 2024 · PLoS ONE

Purpose Oral cancers are the 6th most common malignancy worldwide and oral squamous cell carcinoma, comprises over 90% of oral cancers. This study investigates the relationship between physical activity level during the lifetime and oral squamous cell carcinoma risk. Methods 100 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and 200 healthy individuals participated in this case-control study. Physical activity level was evaluated via the Lifetime Physical Activity Questionnaire. The occupational, household, and sports domains of lifetime physical activity were determined. Case and control groups' parti

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The Problem of Back Pain Among Nurses of Neurology and Neurosurgery Wards

Renata Jabłońska, Marta Gralik, Agnieszka Królikowska et al. · 2016 · Pielęgniarstwo Neurologiczne i Neurochirurgiczne

Introduction. In the occupational medicine back pain is treated as a paraoccupational disease, mainly related to specific professional groups. They include those employed in the sector of health care, who are at the highest risk of developing back pain, nurses in particular. Aim. Assessment of back pain occurrence among nurses and determining the factors affecting this condition. Material and Methods. The study group consisted of 76 nurses working in neurology and neurosurgery wards/clinics. The research methodology applied consisted of diagnostic survey method, and as the technique, a survey

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Adolescent abstinence and unprotected sex in CyberSenga, an Internet-based HIV prevention program: randomized clinical trial of efficacy.

Michele L Ybarra, Sheana S Bull, Tonya L Prescott et al. · 2013 · PLoS ONE

Cost-effective, scalable programs are urgently needed in countries deeply affected by HIV.This parallel-group RCT was conducted in four secondary schools in Mbarara, Uganda. Participants were 12 years and older, reported past-year computer or Internet use, and provided informed caregiver permission and youth assent. The intervention, CyberSenga, was a five-hour online healthy sexuality program. Half of the intervention group was further randomized to receive a booster at four-months post-intervention. The control arm received 'treatment as usual' (i.e., school-delivered sexuality programming).

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Mortality and Functional Outcomes of Liberal versus Restrictive Blood Transfusion in Elderly Patients after Hip Surgery: A Randomised Control Trial.

Patil VE, Barick D, Degloorkar P et al. · 2026 · Hip & pelvis

Purpose There is ongoing debate on the haemoglobin level at which red cell transfusion should be administered following surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the benefits of a restrictive blood transfusion strategy and assess potential…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Sequential therapy versus quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: A prospective double‐blinded randomized controlled trial

Elham Tabesh, Farzad Yadmehr, Awat Feizi et al. · 2024 · Health Science Reports

Abstract Backgrounds and Aims This controlled randomized clinical trial was designed to compare effectiveness, side effects, and severity of symptoms before and after therapy between quadruple (QT) and sequential regimens (SQ) for Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori). Methods Patients were randomly allocated into two groups. Group A received a 14‐day QT including pantoprazole 40 mg q12 h, bismuth subcitrate 240 mg q12 h, clarithromycin 500 mg q12 h, and amoxicillin 1000 mg q12 h and group B received ST including pantoprazole 40 mg q12 h and amoxicillin 1000 mg q12 h for the initial 5 days followed

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF MODE OF DELIVERY ON HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF HEALTHY FULL-TERM NEWBORNS

Subh Salem Al-Mudallal, Muna Abd Al-Moeen Al- Habbobi · 2016 · The Iraqi Journal of Medical Sciences

Background: Hematological values at birth encompass broader ranges of normal than at any other time in life, and despite advances in perinatology over the past years, the exact influence of perinatal factors on hematological values in cord blood in normal pregnancy is still unclear. Moreover there was a wide variation and overlap in values between normal and abnormal infants with early symptoms and signs of neonatal sepsis. Objectives: 1. To obtain the values of hematological parameters including complete blood picture, red cell indices, nucleated red blood cells and reticulocyte count in heal

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Correction of Coronal Deformities in Pediatric Knees : Guided Growth by 8 plate Versus Corrective Osteotomy

Elsayed Said, Khaled H. Mosallam, Abdelrahman MK Maala* et al. · 2023 · SVU - International Journal of Medical Sciences

Background: Coronal deformities around the knee are most commonly presented in paediatric orthopaedic. Physiological deformities are most often managed conservatively, but severe deformities that cause pain and dysfunction require surgical intervention with acute correction (osteotomy), or gradually by hemiepiphyseodesis. Objectives: The main objective of this prospective study is to assess and compare short term results following correction by osteotomy versus 8-plate hemiepiphyseodesis. Patients and Methods: 30 skeletally immature patient, aged (3-14 years); presented with angular deformitie

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

High-mobility group box 1 protein, histone H3 and histone H4 are not associated with peripheral hypoperfusion in sepsis: a retrospective cohort study

Bruna Cassia Dal Vesco, Ana Carolina de Miranda, Fernanda do Carmo De Stefani et al. · 2026 · Einstein (São Paulo)

ABSTRACT Objective: The causal mechanisms of peripheral hypoperfusion in sepsis have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether peripheral hypoperfusion in septic patients is associated with serum levels of damage-associated molecular patterns. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to compare serum levels of damage-associated molecular patterns - histone H3, histone H4, and high-mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) - with markers of tissue hypoperfusion - the peripheral perfusion index and the capillary refill time, using a single measuremen

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Comparative analysis on arthroscopic sutures of large and extensive rotator cuff injuries in relation to the degree of osteopenia

Alexandre Almeida, Vinícius Atti, Daniel Cecconi Agostini et al. · 2015 · Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the results from arthroscopic suturing of large and extensive rotator cuff injuries, according to the patient's degree of osteopenia.METHOD: 138 patients who underwent arthroscopic suturing of large and extensive rotator cuff injuries between 2003 and 2011 were analyzed. Those operated from October 2008 onwards formed a prospective cohort, while the remainder formed a retrospective cohort. Also from October 2008 onwards, bone densitometry evaluation was requested at the time of the surgical treatment. For the patients operated before this date, densitometry examinations p

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Comparison of Long-Term Outcomes of Postmastectomy Radiotherapy between Breast Cancer Patients with and without Immediate Flap Reconstruction.

Hsin-Hua Lee, Ming-Feng Hou, Shu-Yi Wei et al. · 2016 · PLoS ONE

To compare the long-term clinical outcomes of postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) between breast cancer patients with and without immediate transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap reconstruction.The study included 492 patients with stage II or III breast cancer who underwent modified radical mastectomy (MRM) and chemotherapy followed by PMRT between 1997 and 2011. Cox regression model and Kaplan-Meier curves were calculated, and the log-rank test was used to evaluate the differences between overall and disease-free survival rates in the 2 groups.Among 492 patients, 213 patients had

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Tooth discoloration caused by nanographene oxide as an irrigant and intracanal medicament in the endodontic treatment of extracted single-rooted teeth: An ex-vivo study.

Abbas Abbaszadegan, Zeinab Rafiee, Bahar Asheghi et al. · 2025 · PLoS ONE

Tooth discoloration caused by intracanal medicaments and irrigants presents a significant aesthetic challenge in dentistry. This study aimed to investigate the discoloration effects on tooth of nanographene oxide and positively charged silver nanoparticles and compares them with other commonly used materials in endodontic treatment. A total of 108 single-rooted, single-canal anterior mandibular and maxillary premolar teeth, extracted for orthodontic or periodontal reasons, were selected and prepared. The specimens were randomly divided into seven experimental groups and two control groups, eac

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Comparison of Bilateral and Unilateral Applications of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty Procedures.

Serpi M, Çakan A, Akpınar A · 2026 · Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research

BACKGROUND Vertebral fractures result from degenerative, osteoporotic, or traumatic spinal loading. Treatment options include conservative management, segmental fusion, and percutaneous vertebroplasty/kyphoplasty (PVP/BKP) performed using…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Prognostic value of QTc interval dispersion changes during exercise testing in hypertensive men

Đorđević Dragan, Lović Branko, Deljanin-Ilić Marina et al. · 2008 · Srpski Arhiv za Celokupno Lekarstvo

INTRODUCTION The prognostic significance of QTc dispersion changes during exercise testing (ET) in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy is not clear. OBJECTIVE The aim was to study the dynamics of QTc interval dispersion (QTcd) in patients (pts) with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) during the exercise testing and its prognostic significance. METHOD In the study we included 55 men (aged 53 years) with hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy and a negative ET (LVH group), 20 men (aged 58 years) with a positive ET and 20 healthy men (aged 55 years). There was no statistically significa

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Frequency of common complications during treatment of patients with benign prostate hyperplasia

Kričković Zoran, Simatović Milan, Lukić Darko et al. · 2020 · Scripta Medica

Background/Aim: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a very common disease in older men. BPH involves the presence of signs of hyperplasia of the stromal and epithelial elements in the prostate with consequent enlargement of its volume. The aim of this study is to analyse the frequency of typical complications in the treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and the effect of medicamentous treatment. Method: Patients diagnosed BPH were included in the prospective, one-year study. They were divided into 2 groups. The first group (30 patients) consisted of those ones, whose prosta

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The pro-apoptotic GZMB and anti-apoptotic HAX-1 and DAD-1 genes and gene proteins in human right auricular tissue affected by coronary heart disease and aortic valve stenosis: a pilot study.

Zaharovs V, Pilmane M · 2026 · Journal of molecular histology

The anti-apoptotic genes DAD-1 and HAX-1 and the pro-apoptotic GZMB gene have a significant role in the regulation of apoptosis in heart tissue. However, investigation into these genes and their proteins in the pathogenesis of…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

A Multicenter, Sham-Controlled, Pilot, Randomized Controlled Trial of Interferential Therapy for the Treatment of Chronic Constipation.

Clukey J, Locascio J, Semler J et al. · 2026 · Journal of clinical gastroenterology

Goals We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of IFT for the treatment of CC in a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT). Background Subjects with refractory chronic constipation (CC) have limited treatment options. Interferential…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Subclinical atherosclerosis assessed by cardio-ankle vascular index and carotid intima-media thickness in people living with HIV receiving integrase inhibitor-based tenofovir regimens.

Vatan A, Karabay O, Moralı H et al. · 2026 · BMC infectious diseases

Background Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is widely used in antiretroviral therapy due to its improved renal and bone safety compared to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). However, concerns remain regarding its potential metabolic effects…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

The Drug-Coated Balloon and Primary Patency in Endovascular Therapy for Femoropopliteal Lesions With "Black Rock" Nodular Calcification.

Shikama T, Otaki Y, Kinoshita D et al. · 2026 · Journal of endovascular therapy : an official journal of the International Society of Endovascular Specialists

Objective Nodular calcifications occupying the lumen in the femoropopliteal artery, known as "Black Rock (BR)" lesions, are associated with poor patency. We focused on the drug-coated balloon (DCB) and examined whether the impact of final…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

No-touch versus conventional radiofrequency ablation for treating solitary recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma ≤ 3 cm: a retrospective cohort study.

Wu G, Ou X, Zou M et al. · 2026 · Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the outcomes of no-touch radiofrequency ablation (NT-RFA) and conventional RFA (C-RFA) in the treatment of solitary recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (rHCC) ≤ 3 cm. METHODS: 255 patients with rHCC…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

[Comparison of Imaging Efficacy and Patient Tolerability Between a Novel Cellulose-Based anda Conventional Starch-Based Oral Contrast Agent: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial].

Liang H, Gui Y, Lv K et al. · 2026 · Zhongguo yi xue ke xue yuan xue bao. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae

Objective To compare the imaging efficacy and patient tolerability of a novel cellulose-based oral contrast agent with a conventional starch-based agent in gastric contrast-enhanced ultrasound,thus providing evidence-based support for…

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