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Failure-mode index

Search what already failed

A searchable index of real negative results, null findings, and replication failures from the published literature — so you can learn what didn't work before repeating it.

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record (title, authors, DOI) compiled from open scholarly databases, with the abstract shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed (e.g. Creative Commons); otherwise a short excerpt is shown for reference under fair use. WASTE classifies each work by failure type; classifications are automated and approximate.

21707 results · page 220 of 724

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAccounting. Bookkeeping

The Role of Management Behavioral Strains on Stakeholders Management Emphasizing the Moderating Effect of Corporate Governance Quality

Zahra Talei Gharegheshlaghi, farzad ghayour, Hamzeh Didar · 2019 · پژوهش‌های حسابداری و حسابرسی عملیاتی و عملکرد

Decisions and thoughts of managers of organizations have a crucial role in advancing organizational goals. So identify their personal characteristics that influence their decisions and can be the reason for incompetence and managerial inadequacies in different levels of management and leadership of the organizations is important.Corporate owners use corporate governance mechanisms to reduce the opportunistic behavior of managers and protect the rights of stakeholders. In this regard, the present study aims to investigate the type and direction of the effect of management behavioral aspects on

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgriculture

Legume/Maize Intercropping and N Application for Improved Yield, Quality, Water and N Utilization for Forage Production

Haixing Zhang, Wei Shi, Shahzad Ali et al. · 2022 · Agronomy

Legume/maize intercropping has been practiced in many countries as a sustainable cropping system, but the effects of intercropping legumes with maize together with N application rates on biomass yield, quality, water-use efficiency (WUE), and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) are limited under arid conditions in Northwest China. Field experiments were carried out in arid areas of Northwest China from 2019 to 2020 with three planting patterns (LM: Dolichos lablab ( Lablab purpureus L.)/silage maize ( Zea mays L.) intercropping; FM: Fodder soybean ( Glycine max L.)/silage maize intercropping; M: sil

View details →DOI: 10.3390/agronomy12081777
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAccounting. Bookkeeping

The influence of ownership structure and social media exposure on corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure

Jeanni Otyne D. S., Alfira Sofia · 2026 · Jurnal Akademi Akuntansi

Purpose: This study aims to examine effect of ownership structure and social media exposure on Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure. Methodology/approach: Using purposive sampling, nine personal care companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) were selected over a three-year period, yielding 27 firm-year observations. Secondary data were sourced from annual reports, company official websites, and Instagram accounts. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests (normality, multicollinearity, autocorrelation, and heteroscedasticity), and multiple lin

View details →DOI: 10.22219/jaa.v9i2.44829
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine (General)

TUDCA promotes intracellular clearance of Burkholderia pseudomallei by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in RAW264.7 cells

ZHAO Guangqiang, NAN Dongqi, YUAN Siqi · 2024 · 陆军军医大学学报

Objective To explore the action mechanism of tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) promoting intracellular clearance of Burkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei) in RAW264.7 macrophages. Methods After TUDCA of different concentrations were used to treat RAW264.7 cells pre-infected with B. pseudomallei for 8 h or not, flow cytometry was applied to detect the apoptosis of the infected and control cells. In addition, another endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) inhibitor 4-PBA was used to detect the apoptosis and proliferation of host cells after B. pseudomallei infection with Annexin-V/PI double sta

View details →DOI: 10.16016/j.2097-0927.202304046
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessFinance

Analisis Pembelian Tidak Terencana pada Toko Online Shopee

Winda Noor Nawang Wulan, Suharyati , Rosali · 2019 · Ekonomi dan Bisnis

The development of information and communication technology in the era of globalization is growing rapidly. This has a significant impact on internet usage in Indonesia. So that makes Indonesia a very potential market for e-commerce, which has triggered the emergence of various online stores in Indonesia. Achieving success in ecommerce business in online stores in Indonesia requires a strategy. Shopee is an ecommerce company that runs the C2C mobile marketplace business, which allows users to buy or sell goods through applications available on the iOS and Android platforms. This research is a

View details →DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35590/jeb.v6i1.830
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

In vitro evaluation of the effect of galectins on Schistosoma mansoni motility

Tomoharu Takeuchi, Risa Nakamura, Megumi Hamasaki et al. · 2023 · BMC Research Notes

Abstract Objective Galectins are sugar-binding proteins that participate in many biological processes, such as immunity, by regulating host immune cells and their direct interaction with pathogens. They are involved in mediating infection by Schistosoma mansoni, a parasitic trematode that causes schistosomiasis. However, their direct effects on schistosomes have not been investigated. Results We found that galectin-2 recognizes S. mansoni glycoconjugates and investigated whether galectin-1, 2, and 3 can directly affect S. mansoni in vitro. Adult S. mansoni were treated with recombinant galecti

View details →DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06530-9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessTherapeutics. Pharmacology

Herb Formula (GCis) Prevents Pulmonary Infection Secondary to Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Enhancing Peripheral Immunity and Intestinal Mucosal Immune Barrier

Yulu Miao, Bin Wang, Jing Hu et al. · 2022 · Frontiers in Pharmacology

Lung infection is a common complication induced by stroke and seriously affects the prognosis and life quality of patients. However, effective therapeutic strategies are still lacking. In the present study, the herb formula GCis was confirmed to prevent pulmonary infection induced by intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The animal model of lung infection induced by ICH, GCis (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, and Cistanches Herba) was orally administrated every day for 7 days. Lung microbial biomass and pathological results showed that the GCis formula pretreatment signi

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.888684
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental sciences

Synthesis of pure and palladium doped TiO2 and their applications as modifiers for carbon paste electrode

Mohamed Rashed, Asmaa Khodari · 2022 · Aswan University Journal of Environmental Studies

TiO2 was synthesized from titanium tetraisopropoxide in the presence of H2O and H2O2 to form TiO2(H2O) and TiO2(H2O2) respectively. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) was utilized to investigate the thermal stability and select proper calcination temperatures of the solid powders used to prepare the oxides. Accordingly, TiO2 was obtained by calcination at 550 and 750°C. These oxides were characterized by TEM, XRD, FTIR, XRF and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Results showed that TiO2(H2O2) is more thermally stable than TiO2(H2O) and its nanoparticles are smaller. TiO2(H2O2)(550) was doped with palladium t

View details →DOI: 10.21608/aujes.2022.145415.1076
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgriculture (General)

Zmiany chemicznych właściwości gleby w zależności od systemu nawożenia

Stanisław Sienkiewicz, Sławomir Krzebietke, Jadwiga Wierzbowska et al. · 2004 · Agronomy Science

The objective of the study was to determine modifications in the content of available nutrients, organic carbon, total nitrogen and mineral forms of nitrogen occurring under the effect of long-term mineral and mineral-organic fertilization. The experiments were carried out on two fields between 1998 and 2001. They covered the fourth rotation of a long-term field trial established in 1986. On grey-brown podzolic soil formed from loamy clay, the following crops were grown in rotation: sugar beet, spring barley, maize and spring wheat. The soil analyses carried out prior to the tests showed that

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessTherapeutics. Pharmacology

Impact of a DSS-supported medication review on the safety of drug therapy and quality of life in patients with antithrombotic therapy

Tanja Elnaz Hassanzadeh, Tanja Elnaz Hassanzadeh, Carina Hohmann et al. · 2024 · Frontiers in Pharmacology

Polypharmacy is common among patients with antithrombotic medication, giving rise to concerns about Drug-Related Problems (DRPs). Therefore, these patients would benefit from a Medication Review (MR) along with pharmacist counselling to reduce the risks accompanying polymedication. This prospective study presents a concept for MRs that are applicable in German community pharmacies and can efficiently support pharmacist counselling and improve the safety of drug therapy. As this is a major challenge in everyday pharmacy practice, we used a Decision Support System (DSS) to evaluate its ability t

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1194201
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDiseases of the respiratory system

HuR drives lung fibroblast differentiation but not metabolic reprogramming in response to TGF-β and hypoxia

Joshua Trivlidis, Noof Aloufi, Fatmah Al-Habeeb et al. · 2021 · Respiratory Research

Abstract Background Pulmonary fibrosis is thought to be driven by recurrent alveolar epithelial injury which leads to the differentiation of fibroblasts into α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-expressing myofibroblasts and subsequent deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) plays a key role in fibroblast differentiation, which we have recently shown involves human antigen R (HuR). HuR is an RNA binding protein that also increases the translation of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1α) mRNA, a transcription factor critical for inducing a metabolic shift from

View details →DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01916-4
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSports medicine

Effects of Opioid-Limiting Legislation and Increased Provider Awareness on Postoperative Opioid Use and Complications After Hip Arthroscopy

John T. Strony MD, Yazdan Raji MD, Jason G. Ina MD et al. · 2023 · Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine

Background: On August 31, 2017, Ohio passed legislation that regulates how opioids can be prescribed postoperatively. Studies have shown that such legislation is successful in reducing the morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) prescribed after certain orthopaedic procedures. Purpose: (1) To determine if the opioid prescription–limiting legislation in Ohio reduced the cumulative MMEs prescribed after hip arthroscopy without significantly affecting the rates of emergency department (ED) visits, hospital readmissions, and reoperations within 90 days postoperatively, and (2) to assess risk factors

View details →DOI: 10.1177/23259671231162340
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The Effects of Clindamycin and Cefazolin on Osteogenesis of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells: An In vitro Study

Mohsen Dalband, Mona Isapour, Pantea Nazeman · 2016 · Regeneration, Reconstruction & Restoration

Introduction: Antibiotics are routinely administered in clinical setting for prevention of infections in surgeries and as a routine supplement to the culture medium. The nobility of the present study was to evaluate the effect of two commonly used antibiotics, clindamycin and cefazolin, in dental treatments, on osteogenic capability of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). Materials and Methods: PDLSCs were isolated from periodontal ligament (PDL) of the root section out of four healthy extracted teeth. The cells were incubated in the following medium for 28 days: (1) Osteogenic medium (OM

View details →DOI: 10.22037/rrr.v1i3.13353
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBusiness

Food Sector Development Analysis Sustainable on The Island of Sumatra, Indonesia

RITA SUIRLAN, SUIRLAN · 2024 · Sriwijaya International Journal of Dynamic Economics and Business

This research examines the efforts that must be made by the government in realizing strong food security through indicators of the sustainable food sector on the island of Sumatra for 2018-2022. Food sector indicators include poor population , food inflation, per capita rice consumption, insufficient food consumption, and food insecurity. While indicators to strengthen food security by looking at the food security index. The research findings that the variable food inflation (IBM) has a positive and significant effect on the food security index (IKP), while the variables of the poor (PM), rice

View details →DOI: 10.29259/sijdeb.v8i1.107-128
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens

Impact of the interval between neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy and surgery on surgical–pathological outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer

Jiawei Chen, Hongsheng Deng, Jiaxi He et al. · 2022 · Frontiers in Oncology

IntroductionThe interval between neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy and surgery in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been well characterized. This study investigated the association between the time-to-surgery (TTS) interval and surgical–pathological outcomes.MethodClinical data of patients who received neoadjuvant immun-ochemotherapy followed by surgery for NSCLC between January 2019 and September 2021 were collected. The patients were divided into three groups based on TTS interval: the early-surgery group (ESG), the standard-surgery group (SSG), and the delayed-surgery gr

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.909726
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Intraoperative haloperidol does not improve quality of recovery and postoperative analgesia

Amin Ebneshahidi, Mojtaba Akbari, Masood Mohseni · 2013 · Advanced Biomedical Research

Introduction: Haloperidol has an established role in nausea and vomiting prophylaxis and possible effects on multiple aspects of postoperative recovery including pain and sedation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of low-dose intraoperative intravenous haloperidol on quality of recovery (QoR) and pain control after general anesthesia and surgery. Methods: Ninety eight American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II patients undergoing elective general, gynecologic or orthopedic surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled. Participants were randomly allo

View details →DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.122501
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgriculture

Influence of biomass ash fertilization on soil pH, CaCO3, K2O and P2O5 under Miscanthus x giganteus

Dija BHANDARI, Stella ARLOVIĆ, Marija GALIĆ et al. · 2024 · Journal of Central European Agriculture

The cultivation of energy crops and the use of biomass ash are part of a sustainable energy economy and have a major impact on the environment. Biomass ash can be used as a soil conditioner due to its chemical composition with essential micro- and macronutrients and has a proven positive effect on the physicochemical properties of soils. With the increasing interest and use of bioenergy species, the production of biomass ash is also increasing and is expected to increase further in the future. Therefore, the correct use of this product is important. Ensuring its use to enrich soils will streng

View details →DOI: 10.5513/jcea01/25.3.4339
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDiseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology

Evaluation of ketoconazole as a treatment for Cushing’s disease in a retrospective cohort

Camila Viecceli, Camila Viecceli, Ana Carolina Viana Mattos et al. · 2022 · Frontiers in Endocrinology

ObjectiveThe first-line treatment for Cushing’s disease is transsphenoidal surgery, after which the rates of remission are 60 to 80%, with long-term recurrence of 20 to 30%, even in those with real initial remission. Drug therapies are indicated for patients without initial remission or with surgical contraindications or recurrence, and ketoconazole is one of the main available therapies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety profile of and the treatment response to ketoconazole in Cushing’s disease patients followed up at the endocrinology outpatient clinic of a Brazilian uni

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1017331
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBusiness

Pengaruh Kompetensi, Kepemimpinan dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Sumber Daya Manusia

Irnin Miladdyan Airyq, Aida Vitayala Sjafri Hubeis, Anggraini Sukmawati · 2023 · Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis dan Manajemen

The era of globalization presents several challenges related to human resource management. Every organization is appropriate to have qualified and highly competitive human resources to compete during dynamic changes. Employees as individuals and groups in an organization certainly have unique differences in personality. Employee performance can acquire optimal if they are experts in their fields and are established with a valuable organizational culture. Therefore, its purpose is to analyze the influence of competence, leadership, and organization culture on human resource performance and iden

View details →DOI: 10.17358/jabm.9.1.285
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The Impact of Previous Childbirth Experiences on Future Childbearing Decisions in Mothers with One Child: A Cross-Sectional Study

Samira Ghorbani, Seyyedeh Solmaz Talebi · 2025 · Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences

Background and purpose: Declining fertility rates and decreasing population growth are major challenges for the country. Numerous studies have been conducted to identify factors influencing this issue. One such factor is the childbirth experience. This research examines the relationship between previous childbirth experiences and fertility decisions in women with one child. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2023-2024 on 400 women with one child covered by health centers in Shahrud. Health centers were selected from various city areas (northern, southern, easter

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessOrthopedic surgery

Lateral extra‐articular tenodesis improves functional movement outcomes in ACL reconstruction patients

Luyckx Thomas, Wen Zhishen, Kluyskens Louis et al. · 2025 · Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics

Abstract Purpose The primary aim was to evaluate the functional impact of adding lateral extra‐articular tenodesis (LET) to an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR). The secondary aim was to assess whether LET provides benefits in muscle strength, patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) and return to sport (RTS) pass rate, as well as to examine the influence of meniscal injury on performance in ACLR patients. Methods A retrospective cohort of prospectively collected data on all ACL procedures was performed at AZ Delta Roeselare between 2017 and 2019. The patients followed a

View details →DOI: 10.1002/jeo2.70269
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPublic aspects of medicine

Research on the Healing Potential of Rural Community Streets From the Perspective of Audiovisual Integration: A Case Study of Four Rural Communities in China

Erkang Fu, Yuxin Ren, Xi Li et al. · 2022 · Frontiers in Public Health

Rural communities have become a hot topic in academic circles because of their graceful natural environment and great healing potential. However, existing research still lacks attention to the street space in rural communities and rarely considers its integrated visual and soundscape design in terms of their effect on public health. As a result, the healing potential of rural community streets cannot be fully used in design practice. Relevant audiovisual materials were collected from a field investigation in four rural communities in southwestern China. Based on these data, the subjective and

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.861072
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

The Effects of Bilateral and Ipsilateral Auditory Stimuli on the Subcomponents of Visual Attention

Jing Fu, Xuanru Guo, Xiaoyu Tang et al. · 2021 · i-Perception

Attention contains three functional network subcomponents of alerting, orienting, and executive control. The attention network test (ANT) is usually used to measure the efficiency of three attention subcomponents. Previous researches have focused on examining the unimodal attention with visual or auditory ANT paradigms. However, it is still unclear how an auditory stimulus influences the visual attention networks. This study investigated the effects of bilateral auditory stimuli (Experiment 1) and ipsilateral auditory stimulus (Experiment 2) on the visual attention subcomponents. We employed a

View details →DOI: 10.1177/20416695211058222
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAnimal culture

Slaughter value and meat quality in two strains of polish crested cockerels

Andrzej Węglarz, Krzysztof Andres, Dorota Wojtysiak · 2020 · Italian Journal of Animal Science

With increasing consumer awareness of animal welfare, and also on humanitarian grounds, the search is on to find the possibility of using slow-growing cockerels, which are becoming an alternative for conventional broilers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate slaughter value and meat quality in two new strains of Polish Crested cockerels: CP-11 (40 birds) and CP-22 (40 birds) which were raised for 25 weeks on a finishing diet based on whole wheat and oat grain. Carcase quality parameters (carcase weight, dressing percentage, leg and breast muscle percentage) were evaluated. Moreove

View details →DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2020.1772132
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessVeterinary medicine

Sonographic Assessment of Fetometric Parameters in Pigs of Different Prolific Genotypes for Gestational Age Estimation

Frauke Janelt, Johannes Kauffold, Haukur Lindberg Sigmarsson et al. · 2026 · Animals

The slaughter of pregnant sows remains a relevant concern in modern swine production, with prevalence rates reported from 1.5–13% in Europe. Considering fetal sensitivity during late gestation and legal restrictions on transport and slaughter, reliable assessment of fetal age is of considerable practical, ethical, and legal relevance. In this study, 70 pregnancies from low-prolificacy (purebred German Saddleback) and medium-to-high prolificacy genotypes (purebred German Landrace and Duroc × German Landrace hybrids) were repeatedly examined using transabdominal ultrasonography, with a total of

View details →DOI: 10.3390/ani16020349
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocieties: secret, benevolent, etc.

FRICTION COEFFICIENT OF RECYCLED RUBBER TILES OF DIFFERENT POROSITY

A. M. Samy, Y. M. El-Sherbiny, W. Y. Ali · 2013 · Journal of the Egyptian Society of Tribology

ABSTRACTThe present study discusses the frictional behaviour of porous recycled rubber used for a wide variety of architectural applications as flooring tiles. This type of flooring tiles, of the relatively high resilience, are used in schools, boutiques, hospitals, offices, conference rooms, homes, trade fair stands and homes for the aged. Experiments were carried out by the sliding of the bare foot and rubber footwear against the tested rubber tiles of different porosity, where friction coefficient was tested. A test rig was designed and manufactured for the test. Loads were applied by foot

View details →DOI: 10.21608/jest.2013.80554
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAccounting. Bookkeeping

Impact of human resource accounting on organizations’ financial performance in the context of SMEs

Khan, Sania · 2021 · Accounting

This study aims to investigate the impact of human resource accounting (HRA) on the overall performance of the organization. By presenting the details of HRA the study identifies various dimensions of organizations’ financial aspects viz., human capital efficiency, organization profitability, return on asset, and return on equity. To understand the impact of various measurements, the study collected required data from 268 responses of human resource and finance departments of SME firms and analyzed the data using linear regression and the result of ANOVA and coefficient values illustrated ther

View details →DOI: 10.5267/j.ac.2020.12.016
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Pengaruh Pendapatan Asli Daerah dan belanja modal terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung tahun 2009-2018

Muhammad Dedy Palguno, Devi Valeriani, Suhartono Suhartono · 2020 · Sorot

Pertumbuhan Ekonomi adalah salah satu indikator penting untuk melihat keberhasilan pembangunan ekonomi pada suatu negara atau daerah. Suatu perekonomian dikatakan mengalami pertumbuhan ekonomi jika jumlah produksi barang dan jasanya meningkat dan produk domestik regional bruto merupakan salah satu indikator penting untuk mengetahui kondisi ekonomi di suatu daerah dalam suatu periode tertentu baik atas dasar harga berlaku maupun atas dasar harga konstan. Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk melihat pengaruh pendapatan asli daerah (PAD) dan belanja modal terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Data yang digunak

View details →DOI: 10.31258/sorot.15.2.105-116
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry

The Impact of Acute Aerobic Exercise on General and Food-Related Inhibitory Function Among Young Adults with Obesity: An Event-Related Potential (ERP) Study

Chun Xie, Tao Huang, Yingying Wang et al. · 2025 · Brain Sciences

Backgrounds and Objectives : Obesity presents a significant global public health challenge and is associated with declines in both general and food-related inhibitory control, crucial for maintaining a healthy weight and preventing obesity progression. An increasing body of research suggests that acute aerobic exercise may improve inhibitory function. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of acute aerobic exercise on both general and food-related inhibition in obese adults remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the potential impacts and underlying neuroelectronic mechanisms of a

View details →DOI: 10.3390/brainsci15010059
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSpecial aspects of education

Can prompts improve self-explaining an online video lecture? Yes, but do not disturb!

Markus H. Hefter, Veit Kubik, Kirsten Berthold · 2023 · International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education

Abstract In recent years, COVID-19 policy measures massively affected university teaching. Seeking an effective and viable way to transform their lecture material into asynchronous online settings, many lecturers relied on prerecorded video lectures. Whereas researchers in fact recommend implementing prompts to ensure students process those video lectures sufficiently, open questions about the types of prompts and role of students’ engagement remain. We thus conducted an online field experiment with teacher students at a German university (N = 124; 73 female, 49 male). According to the randoml

View details →DOI: 10.1186/s41239-023-00383-9