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Failure-mode index

Search what already failed

A searchable index of real negative results, null findings, and replication failures from the published literature — so you can learn what didn't work before repeating it.

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record (title, authors, DOI) compiled from open scholarly databases, with the abstract shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed (e.g. Creative Commons); otherwise a short excerpt is shown for reference under fair use. WASTE classifies each work by failure type; classifications are automated and approximate.

21697 results · page 149 of 724

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

The extracellular matrix in inflammation and cancer

Wanting Zhang, Yuhang Xiang, Chen Lu et al. · 2026 · Molecular Biomedicine

The extracellular matrix (ECM) forms a dynamic structure around cells, providing environmental cues, mechanical support, and tissue protection. It is composed of fibrous proteins, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), proteoglycans, and glycoproteins. The molecular, physical, and mechanical properties of the ECM regulate the motility, survival, and function of immune cells. In most cancers, inflammatory cytokines and proteases-particularly matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)-released within the immune-infiltrated inflammatory microenvironment can remodel the ECM. Cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TN

View details →DOI: 10.1186/s43556-026-00415-6Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBusiness, Management and Accounting

Are we on the same wavelength? Supervisor-subordinate cognitive style congruence and its association with supervisors’ self-awareness through leader member exchange

Faisal AlReshaid, Alper Ertürk, Razan Alkhayyat et al. · 2025 · Frontiers in Psychology

Introduction: Leaders' self-awareness is essential to leadership effectiveness. Cognitive styles-how individuals perceive and process information-are key factors in fostering self-awareness. Drawing on Social Identity Theory (SIT), this study explores whether cognitive style congruence between supervisors and subordinates enhances supervisors' self-awareness, and whether Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) mediates this relationship. Methods: We used a time-lagged dyadic design and multilevel polynomial regression to analyze data from 189 subordinates and 36 supervisors. Cognitive styles were measure

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1583837Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

CDK2 inhibitor BLU-222 synergizes with CDK4/6 inhibitors in drug resistant breast cancers through p21/p27 induction

Linjie Luo, Yan Wang, Tuyen Bui et al. · 2026 · Nature Communications

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) combined with endocrine therapy are the standard first-line treatment for hormone receptor-positive, HER2−negative (HR+/HER2−) metastatic breast cancer, but resistance inevitably develops.…

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-67865-4Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Amyloid-beta-targeting monoclonal antibodies for people with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease

Francesco Nonino, Silvia Minozzi, L. Sambati et al. · 2026 · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

RATIONALE: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia. Aggregated amyloid-beta protein deposits are implicated in its pathogenesis. Amyloid-beta-targeting monoclonal antibodies (sometimes represented as Aβ-mAbs) are potentially disease-modifying for Alzheimer's disease: through the clearance of amyloid in the brain, they may slow cognitive and functional decline. OBJECTIVES: To assess the clinical benefits and harms of amyloid-beta-targeting monoclonal antibodies aducanumab, bapineuzumab, crenezumab, donanemab, gantenerumab, lecanemab, ponezumab,

View details →DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd016297Cited by 10
Replication FailureOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology

Efficacy of the meningococcal vaccine against Neisseria gonorrhoeae: a randomised clinical trial (MenGO)

Caroline Thng, Sharareh Eskandari, Fengyi Jin et al. · 2026 · npj Vaccines

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) causes significant morbidity globally, and no licensed vaccine currently exists. Observational studies suggest the four-component meningococcal B (4CMenB) vaccine may provide cross-protection against NG. We conducted MenGO, an open-label, randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of 4CMenB against NG in gay and bisexual men (GBM). Participants were randomized 1:1 to receive two doses of 4CMenB, or no vaccine, and were followed for 2 years with 3-monthly visits. 4CMenB vaccination did not significantly reduce gonorrhoea incidence

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41541-026-01422-yCited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Predicting the Intention to Use Generative Artificial Intelligence for Health Information: Comparative Survey Study

Jörg Matthes, Anne Reinhardt, Selma Hodzic et al. · 2026 · Journal of Medical Internet Research

Background: The rise of generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as ChatGPT is rapidly transforming how people access information online. In the health context, generative AI is seen as a potentially disruptive information source due to its low entry barriers, conversational style, and ability to tailor content to users' needs. However, little is known about whether and how individuals use generative AI for health purposes, and which groups may benefit or be left behind, raising important questions of digital health equity. Objective: This study aimed to assess the current relevance

View details →DOI: 10.2196/75648Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

“Regression to the truth”: lessons learned from negative IPF trials

Athina Trachalaki, Anna Lindahl, Simone Petrarulo et al. · 2025 · Breathe

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung disease with limited treatment options. Despite the approval of pirfenidone and nintedanib that slow disease progression, IPF remains a disease with poor survival. Promising therapeutic…

View details →DOI: 10.1183/20734735.0260-2024Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences

Influence of soil properties for improving productivity and grain quality of rainfed rice

Chitra Priyadarshani, Ranjan Laik, Sumit Sow et al. · 2025 · Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science

Integrated crop residue management with micronutrient application can effectively addresses dual challenges of maintaining productivity while enhancing grain nutritional quality of rice in calcareous soils. This study evaluated the role of different soil properties for enhancing yield and grain quality of rice under 29 years of long-term effects of crop residue incorporation and zinc (Zn) fertilization in calcareous Typic Haplaquepts soils. Results showed 100% crop residue incorporation significantly enhanced soil organic carbon (SOC), available nitrogen, available Zn, soil respiration, and we

View details →DOI: 10.1080/03650340.2025.2603669Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental Science

Dynamic oxygen vacancy engineering on CuO via refreshable catalytic surface for high-efficient water decontamination

Xinyi Zhang, Liangjie Wang, Jian Wei et al. · 2026 · Nature Communications

Oxygen vacancies (Ov) on metal oxide surfaces exhibit high catalytic activity for activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) in wastewater decontamination, yet their in-situ regeneration remains a significant challenge. This study successfully…

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-68180-8Cited by 10
Null DatasetOpen accessEngineering

ATRNet-STAR: A Large Dataset and Benchmark Toward Remote Sensing Object Recognition in the Wild

Yongxiang Liu, Weijie Li, Li Liu et al. · 2026 · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence

The absence of publicly available, large-scale, high-quality datasets for Synthetic Aperture Radar Automatic Target Recognition (SAR ATR) has significantly hindered the application of rapidly advancing deep learning techniques, which hold huge potential to unlock new capabilities in this field. This is primarily because collecting large volumes of diverse target samples from SAR images is prohibitively expensive, largely due to privacy concerns, the characteristics of microwave radar imagery perception, and the need for specialized expertise in data annotation. Throughout the history of SAR AT

View details →DOI: 10.1109/tpami.2026.3658649Cited by 10
Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine

Randomized trial investigating the utility of a liver tissue transcriptional biomarker in identifying adult liver transplant recipients not requiring maintenance immunosuppression

Julien Vionnet, Jorge P. Torres-Yaguana, Rosa Miquel et al. · 2024 · American Journal of Transplantation

The maintenance of stable allograft status in the absence of immunosuppression (IS), known as operational tolerance, can be achieved in a small proportion of liver transplant recipients, but we lack reliable tools to predict its spontaneous development. We conducted a prospective, multicenter, biomarker-strategy design, IS withdrawal clinical trial to determine the utility of a predictive biomarker of operational tolerance. The biomarker test, originally identified in a patient cohort with high operational tolerance prevalence, consisted of a 5-gene transcriptional signature measured in liver

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.ajt.2024.12.002Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental Science

Microalgal-Bacterial Granular Sludge under Emerging Stressors: Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Degradable Microplastics Derived from Polylactic Acid and Polycaprolactone

Alfonz Kedves, Máté Balogh, Zoltán Kónya · 2026 · ACS ES&T Water

High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide The increasing discharge of emerging contaminants (ECs) such as zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and degradable microplastics (DMPs) into aquatic environments poses a growing challenge for next-generation wastewater treatment technologies. This study investigates the individual and combined effects of ZnO NPs, polylactic acid (PLA), and polycaprolactone (PCL) microplastics on microalgal-bacterial granular sludge (MBGS), a promising low-energy biotechnological system. Using photosequencing batch reactors, changes in extracellular polymeric su

View details →DOI: 10.1021/acsestwater.5c01414Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences

Bioremediation of Synthetic Dyes by White-Rot Fungi: Enzymatic Mechanisms, Biosorption, and Environmental Applications

Anna Carolina Bruno Ferreira, Ygor Velloso Tavares, Nina Rezende Fontana et al. · 2026 · Molecules

The widespread utilization of synthetic dyes within the textile industry, driven by their chemical recalcitrance and diverse chromatic spectra, constitutes a significant global environmental challenge. Improper discharge of these highly stable effluents into natural water bodies leads to severe ecological imbalances, affecting aquatic life and soil integrity while posing indirect risks to human health due to their mutagenic potential. Conventional physicochemical treatment methods are often hindered by prohibitive operational costs and the frequent generation of hazardous secondary pollutants.

View details →DOI: 10.3390/molecules31071085Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

How Does Turning to AI for Companionship Predict Loneliness and Vice Versa?

Dunigan Parker Folk, Elizabeth Dunn · 2026 · Psychological Science

Advances in AI have enabled chatbots to provide warm, personalized support. Yet little is known about the long-term consequences of AI companionship. Across a 12-month longitudinal study with more than 2,000 adults from four Western…

View details →DOI: 10.1177/09567976261427747Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Population-scale sequencing resolves determinants of persistent EBV DNA

Sherry S. Y. Nyeo, Erin M. Cumming, Oliver S. Burren et al. · 2026 · Nature

Abstract Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is an endemic herpesvirus implicated in autoimmunity, cancer and neurological disorders. Although primary infection is often subclinical, persistent EBV infection can drive immune dysregulation and long-term complications. Despite the ubiquity of infection, the determinants of EBV persistence following primary exposure remain poorly understood, although human genetic variation partially contributes to this phenotypic spectrum 1–3 . Here we demonstrate that existing whole genome sequencing (WGS) data of human populations can be used to quantify persistent EBV D

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-10020-2Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEngineering

Nonlinear seepage mechanical model and bifurcation analysis for fluid-solid coupling in fractured rock mass

Cao Zhengzheng, Xie Mengqi, Rong Tao et al. · 2026 · Scientific Reports

With the development of underground engineering and oil and gas exploitation, the problem of fluid-solid interaction in fractured rock mass has become increasingly prominent, and its complex coupling mechanism has a profound impact on the…

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-25823-6Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEconomics, Econometrics and Finance

Towards carbon neutrality: asymmetric impact of financial development and digitalization on carbon dioxide emissions in Mediterranean countries

Dhyani Mehta · 2024 · Carbon Research

Abstract The current research investigates the impact of financial development, digitalization, green trade, manufacturing, and national income on carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions of six Mediterranean countries (MEDIT-6). The study uses a nonlinear panel quantile regression model with panel data of MEDIT-6 countries from 1994 to 2022. The study asserts that higher financial development will reduce CO 2 emissions for MEDIT-6 countries, as it provides more financing options to invest in green energy and potentially curb excessive energy consumption which in turn reduces CO 2 emissions. The study

View details →DOI: 10.1007/s44246-024-00161-wCited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Unpacking EFL teachers’ perceived opportunities and challenges of multimodal AI-driven language testing

Ali Derakhshan, Gurpinder Singh Lalli, Yujong Park · 2026 · Language Testing in Asia

While Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed L2 testing and assessment, empirical research into how EFL practitioners perceive the specific opportunities and challenges of these tools remains limited. To address this…

View details →DOI: 10.1186/s40468-026-00445-5Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEngineering

EF-YOLO: Detecting Small Targets in Early-Stage Agricultural Fires via UAV-Based Remote Sensing

Jun Tao, Zhihan Wang, Jianqiu Wu et al. · 2026 · Remote Sensing

Early detection of agricultural fires with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is important for environmental safety, yet it remains difficult because ignition cues are extremely small, smoke patterns vary widely, and farmland scenes often contain strong background interference such as specular reflections. Model development is further constrained by the scarcity of data from the early ignition stage. To address these challenges, we propose a joint data and model optimization framework. We first build a hybrid dataset through an ROI-guided synthesis pipeline, in which latent diffusion models are u

View details →DOI: 10.3390/rs18081119Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Oestradiol and reproductive outcomes in ART: when too much of a good thing hurts

Mathilde Bourdon, Chloé Maignien, Marion Ouazana et al. · 2025 · Reproductive BioMedicine Online

Oestradiol plays a crucial role in reproduction, particularly in assisted reproductive technology (ART), where it can reach supraphysiological concentrations. These fluctuations occur during ovarian stimulation in fresh embryo transfer cycles and during endometrial preparation for frozen embryo transfer, potentially impacting implantation and perinatal outcomes. Oestradiol influences endometrial proliferation, receptivity, implantation and placentation, with the sensitivity of the endometrium to systemic oestrogen emerging as a key determinant of reproductive success. In fresh embryo transfer

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2025.105131Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The role of microbiota dysbiosis in Parkinson’s disease: Pathophysiology and therapeutic opportunities

Shabnam Santos, Ivonne Salinas, Nicolás Almeida et al. · 2025 · Engineering Microbiology

ABSTRACT Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by debilitating motor and non-motor symptoms. Its etiology is multifactorial, with no single definitive cause identified, although aging…

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.engmic.2025.100222Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportDecision Sciences

Statistically Significant! But Is Trust of Practical Significance?

Dapeng Liu, Heinz Roland Weistroffer · 2020 · Journal of Computer Information Systems

Trust, such as trust in a technology or believing that a technology has trustworthy utility, manifests its importance by affecting user behaviors toward information systems (IS). There is no dearth of evidence showing that the effect of…

View details →DOI: 10.1080/08874417.2020.1783723Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Does Moxa Smoke Have Significant Effect on the Acupuncturist’s Respiratory System? A Population-Based Study

Chang Yu, Ning Zhang, Weikang Zhu et al. · 2019 · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Objectives . To evaluate the safety of moxa smoke, especially to provide quantitative information and details for the occupational prevention of acupuncturists. Methods . We combined the questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey and lung function testing-based historical retrospective cohort research to investigate the safety of moxa smoke exposure (MSE) among acupuncturists. A mathematical regression model was established to quantitatively evaluate the relationship between moxa smoke exposure and the respiratory health of the acupuncturist. The smoke exposure time of the acupuncturist and th

View details →DOI: 10.1155/2019/4873235Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Power vs. persuasion: can open body postures embody openness to persuasion?

Ioana M. Latu, Sean Duffy, Vaani Pardal et al. · 2017 · Comprehensive Results in Social Psychology

In the current study, we sought to replicate the finding that adopting an open/expansive body posture increases subjective feelings of power, while also investigating how these body postures influence the processing of persuasive messages.…

View details →DOI: 10.1080/23743603.2017.1327178Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

No Significant Effect of the Individual Chronotype on the Result of Moderate Calorie Restriction for Obesity—A Pilot Study

Zofia Strojny, Rafał Rutkowski, Alina Kanikowska et al. · 2021 · Nutrients

Background: Chronotype is the pattern of the circadian rhythm that allows an individual to optimize times of sleep and activity. It has been observed that chronotypes may associate with some conditions and diseases, including obesity. It is not known, however, whether chronotypes determine the effectiveness of weight loss regimens. Therefore, in the present study, we compared the outcomes of a 3-week moderate calorie restriction undertaken by individuals with obesity under the same controlled hospital conditions. Methods: A total of 131 participants with obesity (median BMI 40.0) were studied.

View details →DOI: 10.3390/nu13114089Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportMaterials Science

The significant effect of the phase composition on the oxygen reduction reaction activity of a layered oxide cathode

Shanshan Jiang, Jaka Sunarso, Wei Zhou et al. · 2013 · Journal of Materials Chemistry A

Layered oxides of Sr4Fe4Co2O13 (SFC2) which contains alternating perovskite oxide octahedral and polyhedral oxide double layers are attractive for their mixed ionic and electronic conducting and oxygen reduction reaction properties. In…

View details →DOI: 10.1039/c3ta12376fCited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDecision Sciences

No relationship between researcher impact and replication effect: an analysis of five studies with 100 replications

John Protzko, Jonathan W. Schooler · 2020 · PeerJ

What explanation is there when teams of researchers are unable to successfully replicate already established ‘canonical’ findings? One suggestion that has been put forward, but left largely untested, is that those researchers who fail to replicate prior studies are of low ‘expertise and diligence’ and lack the skill necessary to successfully replicate the conditions of the original experiment. Here we examine the replication success of 100 scientists of differing ‘expertise and diligence’ who attempted to replicate five different studies. Using a bibliometric tool ( h -index) as our indicator

View details →DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8014Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

OPRM1 genotype and naltrexone response in depressed alcohol-dependent patients

James Foulds, Kim N. T. Ton, Martin A. Kennedy et al. · 2015 · Pharmacogenetics and Genomics

A functional polymorphism rs1799971 (A118G) in the μ-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) produces an amino acid substitution Asn40Asp, which is believed to influence naltrexone response in nondepressed alcohol-dependent patients. In this study,…

View details →DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000128Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

The effects of exposure to objective coherence on perceived meaning in life: a preregistered direct replication of Heintzelman, Trent & King (2013)

Kaylin Ratner, Anthony L. Burrow, Felix Thoemmes · 2016 · Royal Society Open Science

Having a sense of meaning in life (MIL) has been acknowledged as a catalyst to psychological flourishing. As such, understanding ways to promote MIL represents a worthy goal for those interested in bolstering positive outcomes. This study sought to replicate the findings of Heintzelman, Trent & King (2013 Psychol. Sci. 24 , 991–998 ( doi:10.1177/0956797612465878 )), who found that MIL could be influenced by external stimulation. Their findings suggest that exposure to coherent stimuli produces significantly higher MIL scores than exposure to incoherent stimuli. Using materials and methodol

View details →DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160431Cited by 10