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Failure-mode index

Search what already failed

A searchable index of real negative results, null findings, and replication failures from the published literature — so you can learn what didn't work before repeating it.

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record (title, authors, DOI) compiled from open scholarly databases, with the abstract shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed (e.g. Creative Commons); otherwise a short excerpt is shown for reference under fair use. WASTE classifies each work by failure type; classifications are automated and approximate.

19810 results in Negative / Null Result Report · page 125 of 661

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Crafting the wearable computer: Design process and user experience

Sarah Kettley · 2026 · Edinburgh Napier Research Repository (Edinburgh Napier University)

The purpose of the research described in this thesis was to develop a design methodology for Wearable Computing concepts that could potentially embody authenticity. The Wearables community, still firmly rooted in the disciplines of engineering and ergonomics, had made clear its aspirations to the mainstream market (DeVaul et al 2001). However, at this point, there was a distinct lack of qualitative studies on user perceptions of Wearable products. A review of the market research literature revealed significant consumer demand for authenticity in goods and services, and it was this need that dr

View details →DOI: 10.17869/enu.236998Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Subthalamic deep brain stimulation in Parkinson׳s disease has no significant effect on perceptual timing in the hundreds of milliseconds range

Thomas Cope, Manon Grube, Arnab Mandal et al. · 2014 · Neuropsychologia

Bilateral, high-frequency stimulation of the basal ganglia (STN-DBS) is in widespread use for the treatment of the motor symptoms of Parkinson׳s disease (PD). We present here the first psychophysical investigation of the effect of STN-DBS upon perceptual timing in the hundreds of milliseconds range, with both duration-based (absolute) and beat-based (relative) tasks; 13 patients with PD were assessed with their STN-DBS 'on', 'off', and then 'on' again. Paired parametric analyses revealed no statistically significant differences for any task according to DBS status. We demonstrate, from the exa

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.02.021Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

A large-scale genome-wide gene expression analysis in peripheral blood identifies very few differentially expressed genes related to antidepressant treatment and response in patients with major depressive disorder

Anne Krogh Nøhr, Morten Lindow, Annika Forsingdal et al. · 2021 · Neuropsychopharmacology

A better understanding of the biological factors underlying antidepressant treatment in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) is needed. We perform gene expression analyses and explore sources of variability in peripheral blood related to antidepressant treatment and treatment response in patients suffering from recurrent MDD at baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment. The study includes 281 patients, which were randomized to 8 weeks of treatment with vortioxetine (N = 184) or placebo (N = 97). To our knowledge, this is the largest dataset including both gene expression in blood and pl

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01002-9Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

PRKCZmethylation is associated with sunlight exposure in a North American but not a Mediterranean population

Stella Aslibekyan, Hassan S. Dashti, Toshiko Tanaka et al. · 2014 · Chronobiology International

Sunlight exposure has been shown to alter DNA methylation patterns across several human cell-types, including T-lymphocytes. Since epigenetic changes establish gene expression profiles, changes in DNA methylation induced by sunlight…

View details →DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2014.944266Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEconomics, Econometrics and Finance

A new flow-based centrality method for identifying statistically significant centers

Xi Wang, Tao Pei, Ci Song et al. · 2023 · Sustainable Cities and Society

Quantifying the centrality of places and identifying centers constitute the basis for assessing the urban spatial structure, which is essential for sustainable spatial planning. Both the existence and intensity of linkages contribute to…

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.scs.2023.104984Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Validation of the Infant-Toddler HOME Inventory among Households in Low Income Communities at the Kenyan Coast

Penny Holding, Amina Abubakar, Elizabeth Obiero et al. · 2011

The aim of this paper is to describe the adaptations made to the Infant-Toddler version of the Home Observation Measure of the Environment for use in a low income Kenyan population. A total of 425 (214 girls) children aged 6-35 months were…

View details →DOI: 10.4087/ngnw9101Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Little Support for Discrete Item Limits in Visual Working Memory

Klaus Oberauer · 2022 · Psychological Science

Some theorists argue that working memory is limited to a discrete number of items and that additional items are not encoded at all. Adam et al. (2017) presented evidence supporting this hypothesis: Participants reproduced visual features of up to six items in a self-chosen order. After the third or fourth response, error distributions were indistinguishable from guessing. I present four experiments with young adults (each N = 24) reexamining this finding. Experiment 1 presented items slowly and sequentially. Experiment 2 presented them simultaneously but longer than in the experiments of Adam

View details →DOI: 10.1177/09567976211068045Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Glycomacromolecules to Tailor Crowded and Heteromultivalent Glycocalyx Mimetics

Luca‐Cesare Blawitzki, Nina Bartels, Lorand Bonda et al. · 2024 · Biomacromolecules

The glycocalyx, a complex carbohydrate layer on cell surfaces, plays a crucial role in various biological processes. Understanding native glycocalyces' complexity is challenging due to their intricate and dynamic nature. Simplified mimics…

View details →DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00646Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBusiness, Management and Accounting

Comparative analysis of family businesses with nonfamily businesses: Empirical evidence from India

Hima Bindu Kota, Ramanjeet Singh · 2016 · Serbian Journal of Management

Family businesses are fundamental to nation building as they contribute towards the GDP of any country and are also major employment creators. Therefore, family business management is an emerging area of academic interest. In this regard, comparison between family and non-family businesses has become an important area of research. The present study analyses the performance of Indian family businesses in comparison to non-family business for firms listed on BSE 500 Index for a period of 11 years from 2005-2015. Any firm with 40% or more promoter or promoter group holding has been identified as

View details →DOI: 10.5937/sjm11-9165Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The intragenic epistatic association of ADD3 with biliary atresia in Southern Han Chinese population

Zhe Wang, Xiaoli Xie, Jinglu Zhao et al. · 2018 · Bioscience Reports

Biliary atresia (BA) is a multifactorial pathogenic disease with possible genetic components. As a member of membrane skeletal proteins in the liver and bile ducts, a haplotype composed by five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on adducin 3 (ADD3) has been identified as associated with BA. However, limited study was designed to further elaborate the mutual relationship amongst those replicated SNPs to disease. We selected three susceptibility SNPs in ADD3 and conducted a replication study using 510 BA cases and 1473 controls to evaluate the individual function of the SNPs and further stra

View details →DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171688Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportPsychology

Higher Emotional Intelligence Is Associated With a Stronger Rubber Hand Illusion

Olga Perepelkina, Maria Boboleva, Галина Арина et al. · 2017 · Multisensory Research

The aim of the study was to investigate how emotion information processing factors, such as alexithymia and emotional intelligence, modulate body ownership and influence multisensory integration during the ‘rubber hand illusion’ (RHI)…

View details →DOI: 10.1163/22134808-00002577Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Examining the reliability and validity of two versions of the Effort-Expenditure for Rewards Task (EEfRT)

Hanno Andreas Ohmann, Niclas Kuper, Jan Wacker · 2022 · PLoS ONE

The Effort-Expenditure for Rewards Task (EEfRT) has gained validity evidence from several studies. However, various modifications have been applied to the original version, which have never been compared systematically. In Study 1, we tested 120 healthy participants to directly compare two versions of the EEfRT. In Study 2, we tested a larger sample of 394 healthy participants to further examine the original EEfRT. We replicated the split-half reliability of both task versions. However, self-reported personality traits (e.g., trait BAS) correlated with only some task performance parameters in

View details →DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262902Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Large-scale multi-site study shows no association between musical training and early auditory neural sound encoding

Kelly L. Whiteford, Lucas S. Baltzell, Matt Chiu et al. · 2025 · Nature Communications

Musical training has been reported to be associated with enhanced neural processing of sounds, as measured via the frequency following response (FFR), implying the potential for human subcortical neural plasticity. We conducted a…

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-62155-5Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportSocial Sciences

Temporal shifts in Americans’ risk perceptions of the Zika outbreak

Branden B. Johnson, Marcus Mayorga · 2020 · Human and Ecological Risk Assessment An International Journal

Cross-sectional surveys, despite their value, are unable to probe dynamics of risk perceptions over time. An earlier longitudinal panel study of Americans’ views on Ebola risk inspired this partial replication on Americans’ views of Zika…

View details →DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2020.1820852Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Emotion in Chinese Words Could Not Be Extracted in Continuous Flash Suppression

Kaiwen Cheng, Aolin Ding, Lianfang Jiang et al. · 2019 · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

Previous studies have demonstrated the automatic vigilance effect for faces and pictures and have attributed it to the brain's prioritized unconscious evaluation of early evolutionary stimuli that are critical to survival. Whether this effect exists for evolutionarily more recent stimuli, such as written words, has become the center of much debate. Apparently contradicting results have been reported in different languages, such as Hebrew, English, and Traditional Chinese (TC), with regard to the unconscious processing of emotional words in breaking continuous flash suppression (b-CFS). Our cur

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00309Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Gender and task effects of human – machine communication on trusting a Korean intelligent virtual assistant

Sun Kyong Lee, Hyunjin Park, Seoyoung C. Kim · 2024 · Behaviour and Information Technology

This study investigated the impact of task types (functional vs. social) and the gendered voices (female vs. male) of Siri, an intelligent virtual assistant (IVA), on social presence and trust perceptions toward the IVA.In an online…

View details →DOI: 10.1080/0144929x.2024.2306136Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result Report

The Fragility Index of Statistically Significant Findings From Randomized Controlled Trials Comparing the Management Strategies of Anterior Shoulder Instability

Martin S. Davey, Eoghan T. Hurley, Tom R. Doyle et al. · 2022 · The American Journal of Sports Medicine

Background: Debate centering on the management of anterior shoulder instability (ASI) in recent years has led to many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) being published on the topic. The fragility index (FI) has subsequently emerged as a…

View details →DOI: 10.1177/03635465221077268Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEngineering

Assessment of Worn Textile Antennas’ Exposure on the Physiological Parameters and Well-Being of Adults

Khuzairi Masrakin, Hasliza A. Rahim, Ping Jack Soh et al. · 2019 · IEEE Access

This paper presents the assessment of short-term wireless body area network (WBAN) exposure, which is operated at the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band (2.45 GHz) in the vicinity of the human body. The experiment utilizes two popular textile antenna topologies, a planar monopole and a patch antenna as the radiating sources. The objective of this experiment is to investigate whether the exposure from WBAN may influence the physiological parameters (body temperature, blood pressure, and heart rate) and the well-being of the wearer. Counter-balanced, crossover, and the single-blind m

View details →DOI: 10.1109/access.2019.2928343Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology

HIV-1 adapts to lost IP6 coordination through second-site mutations that restore conical capsid assembly

Alex B. Kleinpeter, Donna L. Mallery, Nadine Renner et al. · 2024 · Nature Communications

The HIV-1 capsid is composed of capsid (CA) protein hexamers and pentamers (capsomers) that contain a central pore hypothesised to regulate capsid assembly and facilitate nucleotide import early during post-infection. These pore functions are mediated by two positively charged rings created by CA Arg-18 (R18) and Lys-25 (K25). Here we describe the forced evolution of viruses containing mutations in R18 and K25. Whilst R18 mutants fail to replicate, K25A viruses acquire compensating mutations that restore nearly wild-type replication fitness. These compensating mutations, which rescue reverse t

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51971-wCited by 13
Negative / Null Result Report

A convolutional neural network-based anthropomorphic model observer for signal-known-statistically and background-known-statistically detection tasks

Minah Han, Jongduk Baek · 2020 · Physics in Medicine & Biology

Abstract The purpose of this study is implementation of an anthropomorphic model observer using a convolutional neural network (CNN) for signal-known-statistically (SKS) and background-known-statistically (BKS) detection tasks. We conduct…

View details →DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/abbf9dCited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Detecting attention‐related rhythms: When is behavior not enough? (Commentary on van der Werf et al. 2021)

Ian C. Fiebelkorn · 2021 · European Journal of Neuroscience

Recent research suggests that environmental sampling is a fundamentally rhythmic process (Benedetto et al., 2019; Fiebelkorn & Kastner, 2019; Schroeder et al., 2010). In primates, both attention-related sampling and exploratory eye…

View details →DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15322Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Autistic Traits in the Neurotypical Population do not Predict Increased Response Conservativeness in Perceptual Decision Making

Angelo Pirrone, Wen Wen, Sheng Li et al. · 2018 · Perception

Recent research has shown that adults and children with autism spectrum disorders have a more conservative decision criterion in perceptual decision making compared to neurotypical individuals, meaning that autistic participants prioritise…

View details →DOI: 10.1177/0301006618802689Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Genome-wide association study identifies common variants associated with breast cancer in South African Black women

M Hayat, Wenlong Carl Chen, Chantal Babb de Villiers et al. · 2025 · Nature Communications

Abstract Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have characterized the contribution of common variants to breast cancer (BC) risk in populations of European ancestry, however GWAS have not been reported in resident African populations. This GWAS included 2485 resident African BC cases and 1101 population matched controls. Two risk loci were identified, located between UNC13C and RAB27A on chromosome 15 (rs7181788, p = 1.01 × 10 −08 ) and in USP22 on chromosome 17 (rs899342, p = 4.62 × 10 −08 ). Several genome-wide significant signals were also detected in hormone receptor subtype analysis. The

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58789-0Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result Report

Statistically-Based Trend Analysis of MTInSAR Displacement Time Series

Fabio Bovenga, Guido Pasquariello, Alberto Refice · 2021 · Remote Sensing

Current multi-temporal interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (MTInSAR) datasets cover long time periods with regular temporal sampling. This allows high-rate and non-linear trends to be observed, which typically characterize pre-failure…

View details →DOI: 10.3390/rs13122302Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Mycophenolic acid pharmacogenomics in kidney transplantation

Fabiana Dalla Vecchia Genvigir, Álvaro Cerda, Thiago Dominguez Crespo Hirata et al. · 2020 · Journal of Translational Genetics and Genomics

Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is a potent antiproliferative drug prescribed to prevent acute rejection in kidney transplantation. MPA reversibly inhibits the enzymes involved in the synthesis of guanosine nucleotides, thus preventing DNA replication of immune cells. Consequently, the repression of both cell and humoral immunity induces renal allograft tolerance. MPA is an effective and safe immunosuppressive drug, but some patients show variability in drug concentration, acute rejection, graft dysfunction, or MPA-related adverse events. Although the pharmacogenomics of immunosuppressive drugs has be

View details →DOI: 10.20517/jtgg.2020.37Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessHealth Professions

Chemosignalling effects of human tears revisited: Does exposure to female tears decrease males’ perception of female sexual attractiveness?

Asmir Gračanin, Marcel A. L. M. van Assen, Višnja Omrčen et al. · 2016 · Cognition & Emotion

Gelstein et al. reported the results of three experiments suggesting a dampening influence of inhalation of female emotional tears on males' arousal and perception of female sexual attractiveness, specifically in non-sexual situations.…

View details →DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2016.1151402Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental Science

Resolving a heated debate: The utility of prescribed burning as a management tool for biodiversity on lowland heath

Barbara Smith, Dan Carpenter, J. M. Holland et al. · 2023 · Journal of Applied Ecology

Abstract Lowland heath is a priority habitat for conservation, nowadays largely managed for biodiversity. Historically, prescribed burning has been the principal management tool, but there are increasing calls to substitute burning with cutting to improve biodiversity outcomes. However, poor understanding of potential impacts compromises decision making. Our study was carried out in the New Forest National Park, the largest area of lowland heath in Europe. Using a multi‐trophic approach, we compared the ecological impact of prescribed burning with two types of vegetation cutting (swiping and b

View details →DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14471Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Inhibition of Toll-like receptor 4 and Interleukin-1 receptor prevent SARS-CoV-2 mediated kidney injury

Daigo Nakazawa, Yohei Takeda, Masatoshi Kanda et al. · 2023 · Cell Death Discovery

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and severe complication of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) directly affects the glomerular and tubular epithelial cells to induce AKI; however, its pathophysiology remains unclear. Here, we explored the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic targets of renal involvement in COVID-19. We developed an in vitro human kidney cellular model, including immortalized tubular epithelial and endothelial cell lines, demonstrating that SARS-CoV-2 directly triggers cell death. To identify the molecular

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01584-xCited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Size, skills, and suffrage: Motivated distortions in perceived formidability of political leaders

Jill E. P. Knapen, Nancy M. Blaker, Thomas V. Pollet · 2017 · PLoS ONE

Research shows that perception of physical size and status are positively associated. The current study was developed to replicate and extend earlier research on height perceptions of political leaders, indicating that supporters perceive their leaders as taller than non-supporters do, and winners are perceived as taller after the elections, while losers are perceived as shorter after the elections (winner/loser effects). Individuals use greater height and strength as indications of greater physical formidability. We hypothesized that in-group leaders' height and strength, but not weight, woul

View details →DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188485Cited by 13
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMathematics

The role of analytical variability in secondary data replications: a replication of Kim et al. (2014)

Christian Bokhove · 2022 · Educational Research and Evaluation

An article by Kim et al. from 2014 examined individual- and school-level variables affecting the information and communication technology (ICT) literacy level of Korean elementary school students, finding differential gender effects. In…

View details →DOI: 10.1080/13803611.2021.2022319Cited by 13