e-ISSN: Pending
Failure-mode index

Search what already failed

A searchable index of real negative results, null findings, and replication failures from the published literature — so you can learn what didn't work before repeating it.

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record (title, authors, DOI) compiled from open scholarly databases, with the abstract shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed (e.g. Creative Commons); otherwise a short excerpt is shown for reference under fair use. WASTE classifies each work by failure type; classifications are automated and approximate.

19915 results in Negative / Null Result Report · page 650 of 664

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgriculture (General)

Evaluation of Reuse of Spent Mushroom Substrate for New Pleurotus ostreatus Crop Cycle

Wagner Gonçalves Vieira Junior, Lucas da Silva Alves, Jadson Belém de Moura et al. · 2025 · AgriEngineering

Although considered relatively sustainable, mushroom production generates significant waste at the end of cultivation. This study investigated the reuse of Spent Mushroom Substrate (SMS) to formulate new substrates for Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation. Substrates with high (higher bran content) and low (lower bran content) nitrogen levels were prepared and supplemented with 5%, 10%, or 20% SMS across three successive cycles P. ostreatus crops. Cultivation performance was evaluated based on biological efficiency, number of mushrooms, fresh weight, and number of clusters. Substrates were chemical

View details →DOI: 10.3390/agriengineering7100342
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer applications to medicine. Medical informatics

Effect of Integrated Personalized Health Care System on Middle-Aged and Elderly Women's Health

Hiye-Ja Lee, Kyung-Ja Kang, Seung-Hun Park et al. · 2012 · Healthcare Informatics Research

ObjectivesBody weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat, and blood pressure are important indicators of a person's health. In this experimental study, we evaluated the effectiveness of an integrated personalized health care system, Health Improvement and Management System (HIMS)-everyday, which instantly provides subjects with biofeedback on their measured body weight, BMI, body fat and blood pressure using a database that stores subjects-customized information.MethodsThe subjects of this study used the system once or twice a week for 8 weeks. We analyzed the changes in their body weight, BMI,

View details →DOI: 10.4258/hir.2012.18.3.199
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNursing

The Effect of Physiotherapy on the Function of the Upper Extremity and Psycho-Emotional State in Women after a Breast Cancer Surgery

Šidlauskaitė Vaida, Eglė Pankaitė · 2019 · Reabilitacijos Mokslai: Slauga, Kineziterapija, Ergoterapija

Background. Women breast cancer accounts for 25% of the new cases of cancer diagnosed worldwide and takes the leading place. After breast surgery pain occurs in the wound of the breast, in the armpit area and the hand that reduces the mobility of the shoulder joint, weakens the arm muscle strength, impairs flow of the lymph, which can affect the quality of life and disturb the psycho-emotional state. Physical therapy is applied dealing with these problems. The aim of the research was to estimate the effect of physical therapy on the arm function and psycho-emotional state in women after breast

View details →DOI: 10.33607/rmske.v1i16.744
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

PENGARUH KEPUASAN PELANGGAN, BRAND IMAGE, DAN KEPERCAYAAN PELANGGAN TERHADAP LOYALITAS PELANGGAN PADA MEMBERCARD

Dwi Apriliani, S. NikmahBaqiyyatus, Rizka Febila et al. · 2020 · Entrepreneurship Bisnis Manajemen Akuntansi (E-BISMA)

This research was conducted to determine the effect of satisfaction, brand image and trust on customer loyalty at member cards. This research method uses questionnaire data collection techniques with the respondent data of 100 people. The…

View details →DOI: 10.37631/e-bisma.v0i0.214
Negative / Null Result Report

Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja, Motivasi Kerja, dan Lingkungan Kerja Pada Karyawan PT. Manaya Indonesia Tour Travel

Azizah Bayu Wulandari, Cindy Choridatul Muawanah, Khoirlun Nisa et al. · 2023 · JUMBIWIRA : Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Kewirausahaan

Human resources are a very important factor in an organization, because the quality of the organization itself is very dependent on the quality of human resources as employees and service providers in an organization. Good human resource…

View details →DOI: 10.56910/jumbiwira.v2i2.755
Negative / Null Result Report

ANALISIS PENGARUH INVESTASI, UPAH, DAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI TERHADAP PENGANGGURAN TERDIDIK LULUSAN PERGURUAN TINGGI DI INDONESIA

Luh Made Arisusanti, Dr. I Komang, Gde Bendesa et al. · 2023 · E-Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan Universitas Udayana

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Unemployment is still the main problem of the Indonesian economy. The number of unemployed people in Indonesia is mostly from young people or productive young population and most of them are educated or often called…

View details →DOI: 10.24843/eep.2023.v12.i06.p02
Negative / Null Result Report

Effects of Acid and Alkali Pretreatments on the Degradation Patterns and Structural Properties of Lignocellulose in Energy Crop Arundo donax L.

Zhennan He, Guolin Yang, Siyi Wang et al. · 2026 · Agronomy

Arundo donax L. is a significant energy crop and perennial grass, with its efficient conversion holding substantial implications for the utilization of agricultural biomass resources. However, the distinct effects of acid and alkali…

View details →DOI: 10.3390/agronomy16100986
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMusic

Commentary on Lee & Zaryab

Olivier Senn · 2023 · Empirical Musicology Review

The study by Lee & Zaryab (this issue) investigated whether listening to high-groove music affects how heterosexual observers rate the attractiveness of people from the opposite sex. They found a very small positive effect of high-groove music on the male observers, but no effect on females. In my commentary, I argue for a more conservative interpretation of the results than the one offered by the authors.

View details →DOI: 10.18061/emr.v17i2.9586
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Production location of the gelling agent Phytagel has a significant impact on Arabidopsis thaliana seedling phenotypic analysis.

Caitlin N Jacques, Anna K Hulbert, Shelby Westenskow et al. · 2020 · PLoS ONE

BACKGROUND:Recently, it was found that 1% Phytagel plates used to conduct Arabidopsis thaliana seedling phenotypic analysis no longer reproduced previously published results. This Phytagel, which is produced in China (Phytagel C), has replace American-made Phytagel (Phytagel), which is no longer commercially available. In this study, we present the impact of Phytagel produced in the United States vs. China on seedling phenotypic analysis. As a part of this study, an alternative gelling agent has been identified that is capable of reproducing previously published seedling morphometrics. RESULTS

View details →DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228515
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry

Evidence for a single rather than a triple dissociation in the medial temporal lobe: An fMRI recognition memory replication study

Julie Van, Sam E. Nielsen, C. Brock Kirwan · 2022 · NeuroImage: Reports

Common research practices in neuroimaging studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging may produce outcomes that are difficult to replicate. Results that cannot be replicated have contributed to a replication crisis in psychology, neuroscience, and other disciplines over the years. Here we replicate two previous papers in which the authors present two analysis paths for a dataset in which participants underwent fMRI while performing a recognition memory test for old and new words. Both studies found activation in the medial temporal lobe including the hippocampus, with the first demonst

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100135
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunologic diseases. Allergy

Hematopoietic cell-mediated dissemination of murine cytomegalovirus is regulated by NK cells and immune evasion.

Shunchuan Zhang, Lauren E Springer, Han-Zhi Rao et al. · 2021 · PLoS Pathogens

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes clinically important diseases in immune compromised and immune immature individuals. Based largely on work in the mouse model of murine (M)CMV, there is a consensus that myeloid cells are important for disseminating CMV from the site of infection. In theory, such dissemination should expose CMV to cell-mediated immunity and thus necessitate evasion of T cells and NK cells. However, this hypothesis remains untested. We constructed a recombinant MCMV encoding target sites for the hematopoietic specific miRNA miR-142-3p in the essential viral gene IE3. This virus diss

View details →DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009255
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Large language model bias auditing for periodontal diagnosis using an ambiguity-probe methodology: a pilot study

Teerachate Nantakeeratipat · 2026 · Frontiers in Digital Health

BackgroundLarge Language Models (LLMs) in healthcare holds immense promise yet carries the risk of perpetuating social biases. While artificial intelligence (AI) fairness is a growing concern, a gap exists in understanding how these models perform under conditions of clinical ambiguity, a common feature in real-world practice.MethodsWe conducted a study using an ambiguity-probe methodology with a set of 42 sociodemographic personas and 15 clinical vignettes based on the 2018 classification of periodontal diseases. Ten were clear-cut scenarios with established ground truths, while five were int

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2025.1687820
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessGynecology and obstetrics

Exploring genetic associations between immune cells and hypertensive disorder of pregnancy using Mendelian randomization

Jingting Liu, Yijun Dong, Yawei Zhou et al. · 2024 · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

Abstract Background Observational epidemiological studies suggested that immunological dysregulation and inflammation play a significant role in the placental and renal dysfunction that leads to maternal hypertension. The immunophenotypes' possible causalities with hypertensive disease of pregnancy remain ambiguous. We performed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to comprehensively investigate the causal effect of immunophenotypes on hypertensive disorder of pregnancy (HDP). Methods The large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs) data on immunological traits was taken fro

View details →DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06950-w
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine (General)

The Effect of a 2-Week Pre-clerkship Residency Exploration Program on Specialty Interest and Understanding of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Emily Sheppard, MScPT, Michael Smyth, MSc, Todd Dow, BSc et al. · 2020 · Archives of Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Translation

Objective: To assess the effect the Pre-clerkship Residency Exploration Program (PREP) had on student career interest and improving understanding of physical medicine and rehabilitation (PMR). Design: During a 2-week program, students were exposed to a PMR elective, workshop, career presentation, and panel discussion with PMR residents. Interest and understanding were assessed using pre- and postprogram questionnaires. Setting: PREP was held at a Canadian medical school during the summer between the second and third years of undergraduate medical training. Participants: Second-year medical stu

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.arrct.2019.100035
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEducation (General)

Examination of medical students’ opinions on multimedia learning materials according to social cues: focusing on sound principles

Wonseok Chang, Yura Kim, Hye Jin Park · 2024 · Korean Journal of Medical Education

Purpose Although interest in various forms of learning media is increasing due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic there is relatively little research on influencing student motivation by intervening in cognitive processing. The purpose of this study was to present the optimal form of learning materials provided to medical students. Methods This study provided learning materials in class at a level according to social cues (script, video [artificial intelligence (AI) voice], video [professor voice]) based on the principle of voices among the principles of personalization, voice

View details →DOI: 10.3946/kjme.2024.288
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNutrition. Foods and food supply

Association between dietary iron intake from natural food sources and the likelihood of abdominal aortic calcification in US adults: a population-based study

Dan Liang, Chang Liu, Xingyu Zhang · 2026 · Food, Nutrition and Health

Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary iron intake and risk of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) in middle-aged and older US adults. Methods We analyzed data from the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Multivariate linear and logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the association between dietary iron intake and AAC score, as well as the likelihood of both AAC and severe AAC. To investigate potential non-linear dose-response relationships, we performed restricted cubic spline (RCS) modeling. In addi

View details →DOI: 10.1007/s44403-026-00060-5
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDiseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system

Platelet indices and the risk of pulmonary arterial hypertension: a two-sample and multivariable Mendelian randomization study

Yinuo Li, Xi Liu, Qian Hong et al. · 2024 · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

BackgroundRecent epidemiological studies have indicated a correlation between platelet indices and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), yet the causality between them remains unclear. To explore the causal relationship between four platelet indices and PAH, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for clinical prevention and treatment.MethodsSingle-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with platelet-related traits were selected as exposure factors from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS), including: platelet count (PLT), plateletcrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV),

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1395245
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessHistory of scholarship and learning. The humanities

The Effectiveness of A Gratitude-Based Counseling Program In Developing Psychological Well-Being Among Female Students Of King Khalid University In Abha City

Asmaa Al-suhimi · 2023 · مجلة جامعة الأنبار للعلوم الإنسانية

The current study aimed to design a counseling program based on gratitude for the development of psychological well-being, verify the effectiveness of this program and identify the continuity of its impact through the results of follow-up measurement after a month of its application. An intentional sample of (24) female students from the College of Education at King Khalid University, were randomly divided into two groups, a control, and an experimental group, each group consisted of 12 students, and the research tools used to measure the psychological well-being of university students Prepare

View details →DOI: 10.37653/juah.2023.138251.1158
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessArctic medicine. Tropical medicine

The use of saliva as a practical and feasible alternative to urine in large-scale screening for congenital cytomegalovirus infection increasesinclusion and detection rates

Emanuelle Santos de Carvalho Cardoso, Bruna Laís Santos de Jesus, Luciano Gama da Silva Gomes et al. · 2015 · Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

INTRODUCTION: Although urine is considered the gold-standard material for the detection of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, it can be difficult to obtain in newborns. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of detection of congenital CMV infection in saliva and urine samples. METHODS: One thousand newborns were included in the study. Congenital cytomegalovirus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: Saliva samples were obtained from all the newborns, whereas urine collection was successful in only 333 cases. There was no stat

View details →DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0200-2014
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSurgery

Prospective ultrasonographic study of blood flow and testicular volume in patients submitted to surgical repair of inguinal hernia without using prosthesis

Cláudio de Saboya David, Alberto Goldenberg · 2018 · Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the behavior of arterial circulation and testicular volume in patients submitted to conventional inguinal hernia repair without the use of a synthetic prosthesis to reinforce the posterior wall. Methods: A prospective observational clinical trial was performed on 26 male patients with unilateral inguinal hernia types I and II by the Nyhus classification, who underwent surgical correction using the modified Bassini technique. Bilateral Doppler ultrasonography was performed preoperatively, at the third and at the sixth postoperative month. The studied variables were

View details →DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020180030000009
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDiseases of the genitourinary system. Urology

Comparison of estimated glomerular filtration rate of marginal versus standard renal allograft: A prospective cohort study

Somendra Bansal, Ketankumar G Rupala, Prasun Ghosh et al. · 2021 · Indian Journal of Urology

Introduction: The end-stage renal disease (ESRD) population is increasing worldwide and organ shortage is an important issue. The disparity between the availability of organs and waitlisted patients for transplants has forced many transplant centers across the world to use marginal kidney donors. We assess and compare postoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients who received a graft from marginal renal donor (MRD) versus those who received a graft from standard renal donor (SRD). Methods: A total of 214 patients with ESRD underwent open live donor renal allografting fr

View details →DOI: 10.4103/iju.iju_32_21
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMechanics of engineering. Applied mechanics

Effect of Dental Restorative Material Type and Shade on Characteristics of Two-Layer Dental Composite Systems

Atefeh Karimzadeh, Majid R. Ayatollahi, A.R. Bushroa · Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of shade and material type and shape in dental polymer composites on the hardness and shrinkage stress of bulk and two-layered restoration systems. For this purpose, some bulk and layered specimens from three different shades of dental materials were prepared and light-cured. The experiments were carried out on three types of materials: conventional restorative composite, nanohybrid composite and nanocomposite. Micro-indentation experiment was performed on the bulk and also on each layer of layered restoration specimens using a

View details →DOI: 10.1590/1679-78252562
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSpecial aspects of education

Does mentoring new peer reviewers improve review quality? A randomized trial

Houry Debra, Green Steven, Callaham Michael · 2012 · BMC Medical Education

Abstract Background Prior efforts to train medical journal peer reviewers have not improved subsequent review quality, although such interventions were general and brief. We hypothesized that a manuscript-specific and more extended intervention pairing new reviewers with high-quality senior reviewers as mentors would improve subsequent review quality. Methods Over a four-year period we randomly assigned all new reviewers for Annals of Emergency Medicine to receive our standard written informational materials alone, or these materials plus a new mentoring intervention. For this program we paire

View details →DOI: 10.1186/1472-6920-12-83
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessOphthalmology

Clinical Application of Foldable Capsular Vitreous Bodies in the Treatment of Severe Ocular Trauma and Silicone Oil Dependent Eyes

Hao Jiang, Chao Xue, Yanlin Gao et al. · 2022 · Journal of Ophthalmology

Purpose. This study aimed to assess the application of a foldable capsular vitreous body (FCVB) in the treatment of severe ocular trauma and silicone oil (SO) dependent eyes. Methods. A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical application of FCVB in the treatment of severe ocular trauma and SO dependent eyes. The results of best-corrected visual acuity and intraocular pressure (IOP) evaluation, B-scan ultrasonography or color Doppler ultrasonography, ultrasound biomicroscopy, and anterior segment photography were recorded during follow-up. A paired t-test was used to compare the di

View details →DOI: 10.1155/2022/3608162
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMicrobiology

Method for the facile transformation of marine purple photosynthetic bacteria using chemically competent cells

Mieko Higuchi‐Takeuchi, Kumiko Morisaki, Keiji Numata · 2020 · MicrobiologyOpen

Abstract Marine purple photosynthetic bacteria are ideal organisms for the production of useful materials at reduced costs and contributing to a sustainable society because they can utilize sunlight, seawater, and components of air, including carbon dioxide and nitrogen gases, for their growth. However, conjugation is the only applicable method for the transformation of marine purple photosynthetic bacteria so far. Here, we examined a calcium chloride‐mediated method for the transformation of marine purple photosynthetic bacteria. Plasmid DNAs containing the kanamycin resistance gene were succ

View details →DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.953
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAnimal culture

Effect of dose of thymol and supplemental flavours or camphor on palatability in a choice feedings study with piglets

J. Michiels, J. Missotten, A. Ovyn et al. · 2012 · Czech Journal of Animal Science

Thymol's antimicrobial properties urged researchers to study its effect on animal performance and intestinal health in pigs. However, thymol has the characteristic sharp odor of thyme and a bitter, aromatic, and sometimes burning sensation which may elicit feeding aversions. The objectives in the current study were: (1) to determine the effect of dose of thymol and camphor on palatability and (2) to test the hypothesis that supplemental flavours or camphor, the latter as a known Transient Receptor Potential A1 blocker, could mitigate feed avoidance caused by thymol. Two analogous choice-feedin

View details →DOI: 10.17221/5133-cjas
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessArctic medicine. Tropical medicine

Immune exhaustion in chronic Chagas disease: Pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory action of IL-27 in vitro.

María Ailén Natale, Todd Minning, María Cecilia Albareda et al. · 2021 · PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases

In chronic Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi-specific T-cell function decreases over time, and alterations in the homeostatic IL-7/IL-7R axis are evident, consistent with a process of immune exhaustion. IL-27 is an important immunoregulatory cytokine that shares T-cell signaling with IL-7 and other cytokines of the IL-12 family and might be involved in the transcriptional regulation of T-cell function. Here, we evaluated the expression and function of IL-27R in antigen-experienced T cells from subjects with chronic Chagas disease and assessed whether in vitro treatment with IL-27 and IL-7 migh

View details →DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009473
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer applications to medicine. Medical informatics

Postdischarge Video Visits for Adherence to Hospital Discharge Recommendations: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Sagar B. Dugani, MD, PhD, MPH, Shangwe A. Kiliaki, CNP, DNP, Megan L. Nielsen, MSN, CNP et al. · 2023 · Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Digital Health

Objective: To determine whether a postdischarge video visit with patients, conducted by hospital medicine advanced practice providers, improves adherence to hospital discharge recommendations. Patients and Methods: We conducted a single-institution 2-site randomized clinical trial with 1:1 assignment to intervention vs control, with enrollment from August 10, 2020, to June 23, 2022. Hospital medicine patients discharged home or to an assisted living facility were randomized to a video visit 2-5 days postdischarge in addition to usual care (intervention) vs usual care (control). During the vide

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpdig.2023.06.006
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEconomics

The antecedents of individual investment behavior: materialism, risk aversion, positive and negative affects

Pelin Kanten, Bahar Gi̇rgi̇n, E. Kurt · 2018 · Pressacademia

Purpose- This study aims to investigate some of the antecedents of individuals’ investment behaviors. In the literature, it is seen studies suggest that some individual factors have a significant effect on investment decisions of…

View details →DOI: 10.17261/pressacademia.2018.851