Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine (General)
Carlo Biz, Luca Puce, Maamer Slimani et al. · 2022 · Medicina
Background and Objectives: Table tennis represents one of the fastest ball games in the world and, as such, is characterized by unique physiological demands. Despite its popularity, there is a dearth of data related to table-tennis-related risk factors and injuries. Therefore, the present review was conducted to fill in this gap of knowledge. Material and Methods: The present review was designed as a scoping review. Eleven online databases were searched with no language/date limitations. Results: Forty-two investigations were retained in the present review. These studies indicated that tenosyn
View details →DOI: 10.3390/medicina58050572 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessTherapeutics. Pharmacology
Mudit Agarwal, Piyush Ranjan, Upendra Baitha et al. · 2020 · Frontiers in Pharmacology
Hydroxychloroquine has gained much attention as one of the candidate drugs that can be repurposed as a prophylactic agent against SARS-CoV-2, the agent responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Due to high transmissibility and presence of asymptomatic carriers and presymptomatic transmission, there is need for a chemoprophylactic agent to protect the high-risk population. In this review, we dissect the currently available evidence on hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis from a clinical and pharmacological point of view. In vitro studies on Vero cells show that hydroxychloroquine effectively inhibits SA
View details →DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.593099 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessZoology
Masahiro Sasaki, Hinano Kinoshita, Akitsugu Konno · 2025 · Animal Cognition
Abstract The present study explored whether a well-socialized Steller sea lion named Hama could reproduce similar actions with human demonstrations using the “Do as I do” (DAID) paradigm. Hama had learned 50 types of behaviors, but her social learning ability was unknown. In Study 1, we trained Hama to produce simultaneous DAID responses. After introducing the DAID training, we conducted four tests to confirm Hama’s acquisition of demonstrator-matching behavior. We found that Hama successfully acquired the action-matching ability for human actions, not only with three trained actions but also
View details →DOI: 10.1007/s10071-025-01971-0 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Louise Simeonov, Ravi Das · 2025 · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
A fundamental question in cognitive neuroscience is how multi-sensory elements are bound into a unified memory trace. The formation of memories is thought to be reliant on precisely timed neural activity. Theta frequency neural oscillations have been proposed to orchestrate the timing of different sensory cortices. Here, we attempt to replicate findings that flickering stimuli presented in synchronous theta frequency will lead to enhanced recall. Additionally, we investigate whether theta frequency sensory flicker can improve encoding of emotional associative memories. The current study failed
View details →DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1555081 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgriculture
Leila Sahampoor, Fatemeh Zaker Tavallaie, Seyed Reza Fani et al. · 2020 · Journal of Crop Protection
Trichoderma is very important as a bio control agent and probably a good alternative for chemical fungicides. Fusarium oxysporum is a plant pathogen that causes wilt in a wide range of plants. The use of gamma irradiation can be employed to increase Trichoderma efficiency against F. oxysporum. The induced mutation provides genetic changes in Trichoderma and in some of the mutated isolates the efficiency of bio control may be improved. In this study the efficiency of mutated T. harzianum CS5 against the F. oxysporum f.sp. radicis-cucumerinum was evaluated. Among 16 wild isolates of Trichoderma,
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgriculture (General)
Lingxiao Zhang, Jinlong Dong, Xiao Ma et al. · 2026 · Agriculture
The uptake and accumulation of mercury (Hg) in rice poses a serious threat to food safety. Pot experiments are widely used to screen for low-Hg-accumulating cultivars, yet their reliability in predicting field performance remains uncertain. This study evaluated pot-based screening by (1) comparing Hg uptake in rice grown in freshly processed versus aged soil; (2) contrasting Hg accumulation in the same cultivars grown in pots versus at two field sites; and (3) isolating micro-environmental effects by burying pots in situ. A total of 22 rice cultivars were used during 2021–2023 in this study. P
View details →DOI: 10.3390/agriculture16080907 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology
Maribeth M. Trego, Julia S. Soares, Annie S. Ditta · 2025 · Behavioral Sciences
Three studies investigated the effects of photo and note taking on memory for lecture content in in-person and online environments. Participants watched slideshow lecture videos and were instructed to only watch, take photos, take notes, or simultaneously take both photos and notes of the information on the slides. Memory for on-slide and only said information was tested using fill-in-the-blank questions. Experiment 1, conducted in-person, found a significant photo-taking impairment and an interaction for on-slide information such that there was a larger impairment when participants took both
View details →DOI: 10.3390/bs15050561 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Yuka Takahashi, Toshiyuki Himichi, Ayumi Masuchi et al. · 2023 · PLoS ONE
Previous studies have revealed that reading fiction is associated with dispositional empathy and theory-of-mind abilities. Earlier studies established a correlation between fiction reading habits and the two measures of social cognition: trait fantasy (i.e., the tendency to transpose oneself into fictitious characters) and performance on the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET; a test of the ability to identify others' mental states based on their eyes). Recently, experimental studies have shown that brief exposure to fiction enhances RMET performance. Nevertheless, these studies have been
View details →DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287542 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Diederick C. Niehorster, Stina Bengtsson, Niklas Brodin et al. · 2022 · PeerJ
Eyeblink conditioning is the most popular paradigm for studying classical conditioning in humans. But the fact that eyelids are under voluntary control means it is ultimately impossible to ascertain whether a blink response is ‘conditioned’ or a timed ‘voluntary’ blink response. In contrast, the pupillary response is an autonomic response, not under voluntary control. By conditioning the pupillary response, one might avoid potential volition-related confounds. Several attempts have been made to condition the pupillary constriction and dilation responses, with the earliest published attempts da
View details →DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12948 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology
Sabrina M. Di Lonardo Burr, Jill Turner, Jesse Nietmann et al. · 2021 · Journal of Numerical Cognition
Math story problems are difficult for many solvers because comprehension of mathematical and linguistic content must occur simultaneously. Across two studies, we attempted to conceptually replicate and extend findings reported by Mattarella-Micke and Beilock (2010, https://doi.org/10.3758/PBR.17.1.106) and Jarosz and Jaeger (2019, https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.3471). Mattarella-Micke and Beilock found that multiplication word problems in which an irrelevant number was associated with the protagonist of the problem (i.e., foregrounded in the text) were solved less accurately than problems in othe
View details →DOI: 10.5964/jnc.6053 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEcology
Ben Langford, James M Cash, Massimo Vieno et al. · 2022 · Environmental Research: Ecology
Isoprene is emitted from numerous plant species in response to light and temperature and parameterisations of these relationships, based on observations from a few vascular plant species, have been shown to be broadly applicable to many different vegetation types. Here, we investigate their performance when applied to an ecosystem dominated by bryophytes. Over a six-week period, emissions of isoprene were measured above a Scottish peat bog. The light response derived on the basis of both canopy-scale flux and whole-plant enclosure measurements, deviated from the classical response, showing no
View details →DOI: 10.1088/2752-664x/aca2ad Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurology. Diseases of the nervous system
Arima Kunimasa, Hori Hiroaki, Shizuno Tomoko et al. · 2006 · Behavioral and Brain Functions
Abstract Background Vesicular monoamine transporters (VMATs) mediate accumulation of monoamines such as serotonin, dopamine, adrenaline, and noradrenaline from the cytoplasm into storage organelles. The VMAT1 (alternatively solute carrier family 18: SLC18A1) regulates such biogenic amines in neuroendocrine systems. The VMAT1 gene maps to chromosome 8p21.3, a locus with strong evidence of linkage with schizophrenia. A recent study reported that a non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the gene (Pro4Thr) was associated with schizophrenia. Methods We attempted to replicate this fi
View details →DOI: 10.1186/1744-9081-2-39 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Hailu Wang, Yingying Dai, Wenhai Pan et al. · 2026 · Medicine Advances
ABSTRACT Background Estradiol, the key endogenous estrogen, reduces the risk of urinary obstruction by smooth muscle relaxation but also increases susceptibility to breast cancer (BC). However, whether estradiol serves as a mechanistic mediator linking urinary tract obstruction and BC remains unclear. This study aimed to determine if there is an association between urinary tract obstruction and the risk of BC and to assess the potential mediating role of systemic estradiol. Methods A case‐control study and survival analysis of Cox regression were conducted using clinical data from the United K
View details →DOI: 10.1002/med4.70048 Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessPsychology
Gaoxing Mei, Mofen Cen, Xu Luo et al. · 2021 · Frontiers in Psychology
Prolonged exposure to an oriented stimulus causes a subsequent test stimulus to be perceived as tilted in the opposite direction, a phenomenon referred to as the tilt aftereffect (TAE). Previous studies have demonstrated that high-level cognitive functions such as attention can modulate the TAE, which is generally well-known as a low-level perceptual process. However, it is unclear whether working memory load, another high-level cognitive function, could modulate the TAE. To address this issue, here we developed a new paradigm by combining a working memory load task with a TAE task. Participan
View details →DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.618712 Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessMedicine
Yuka Takahashi, Toshiyuki Himichi, Ayumi Masuchi et al. · 2023 · PLoS ONE
Previous studies have revealed that reading fiction is associated with dispositional empathy and theory-of-mind abilities. Earlier studies established a correlation between fiction reading habits and the two measures of social cognition: trait fantasy (i.e., the tendency to transpose oneself into fictitious characters) and performance on the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET; a test of the ability to identify others’ mental states based on their eyes). Recently, experimental studies have shown that brief exposure to fiction enhances RMET performance. Nevertheless, these studies have been
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineering
Halvard Buhaug, Tor A Benjaminsen, Espen Sjaastad et al. · 2015 · Environmental Research Letters
Earlier research that reports a correlational pattern between climate anomalies and violent conflict routinely refers to drought-induced agricultural shocks and adverse economic spillover effects as a key causal mechanism linking the two phenomena. Comparing half a century of statistics on climate variability, food production, and political violence across Sub-Saharan Africa, this study offers the most precise and theoretically consistent empirical assessment to date of the purported indirect relationship. The analysis reveals a robust link between weather patterns and food production where mo
View details →DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/10/12/125015 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAstrophysics
John T. Whelan, Rodrigo Tenorio, Jared K. Wofford et al. · 2023 · The Astrophysical Journal
Improved observational constraints on the orbital parameters of the low-mass X-ray binary Scorpius X-1 were recently published in Killestein et al. In the process, errors were corrected in previous orbital ephemerides, which have been used in searches for continuous gravitational waves from Sco X-1 using data from the Advanced LIGO detectors. We present the results of a reanalysis of LIGO detector data from the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo using a model-based cross-correlation search. The corrected region of parameter space, which was not covered by previous searches
View details →DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acc8d7 Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessPsychology
Masataka Takebe, Kenta Tsumura, Ken'ichiro Nakashima · 2023 · Current Research in Ecological and Social Psychology
Rodeheffer et al. (2012) showed that when people perceive resource scarcity, they are more likely to judge racially ambiguous people as out-group members. In their first experiment, 71 White participants viewed a slideshow depicting either resource scarcity or abundance; subsequently, they judged 20 biracial faces created by averaging a White and a Black face. We conducted this experiment's preregistered conceptual replication study in Japan. Specifically, after observing a slideshow depicting either resource scarcity or abundance, East Asian participants judged 20 biracial faces produced by a
View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100169 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessScience
Toshikazu Kawagoe, Wataru Teramoto · 2023 · Royal Society Open Science
During the COVID-19 pandemic, wearing a face mask became a global daily practice. Japanese people were already accustomed to wearing masks due to their collectivistic culture, which prioritizes conformity and group harmony. In such a culture, where individuals are concerned about how others perceive them and their actions, wearing masks can be a self-protective action to prevent, escape, or reduce the severity of perceived negative feelings. Previous studies indicate that people experiencing anxiety tend to have negative biases when evaluating emotional expressions on faces. Therefore, we hypo
View details →DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230653 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics
Riccardo Catena, Timon Emken, Nicola A. Spaldin et al. · 2020 · Physical Review Research
In the leading paradigm of modern cosmology, about 80% of our Universe's matter content is in the form of hypothetical, as yet undetected particles. These do not emit or absorb radiation at any observable wavelengths, and therefore constitute the so-called dark matter (DM) component of the Universe. Detecting the particles forming the Milky Way DM component is one of the main challenges for astroparticle physics and basic science in general. One promising way to achieve this goal is to search for rare DM-electron interactions in low-background deep underground detectors. Key to the interpretat
View details →DOI: 10.1103/physrevresearch.2.033195 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAstrophysics
Nima Chartab, Andrew B. Newman, Gwen C. Rudie et al. · 2025 · The Astrophysical Journal
We investigate the environmental dependence of galaxy properties at z ∼ 2.5 using the Ly α Tomography IMACS Survey (LATIS), which provides high-resolution three-dimensional maps of intergalactic medium (IGM) overdensity via Ly α forest tomography. Our analysis focuses on a UV-selected spectroscopic sample of 2185 galaxies from LATIS and a complementary set of 1157 galaxies from heterogeneous spectroscopic surveys in the COSMOS field. We compare these data sets to forward-modeled mock catalogs constructed from the IllustrisTNG300-1 simulation, incorporating realistic selection functions to matc
View details →DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae10b7 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessScience
Alex Dinovitser, Dimitar G. Valchev, Derek Abbott · 2017 · Royal Society Open Science
Chemical degradation of edible oils has been studied using conventional spectroscopic methods spanning the spectrum from ultraviolet to mid-IR. However, the possibility of morphological changes of oil molecules that can be detected at terahertz frequencies is beginning to receive some attention. Furthermore, the rapidly decreasing cost of this technology and its capability for convenient, in situ measurement of material properties, raises the possibility of monitoring oil during cooking and processing at production facilities, and more generally within the food industry. In this paper, we test
View details →DOI: 10.1098/rsos.170275 Abandoned HypothesisOpen accessNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
Tom A. de Graaf, Tom A. de Graaf, Job van den Hurk et al. · 2018 · Frontiers in Neuroscience
Pulses of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over occipital cortex can induce transient visual percepts called phosphenes. Phosphenes are an interesting stimulus for the study of the human visual system, constituting conscious percepts without visual inputs, elicited by neural activation beyond retinal and subcortical processing stages in the visual hierarchy. The same TMS pulses, applied at threshold intensity phosphene threshold (PT), will prompt phosphene reports on half of all trials (“P-yes”) but not on the other half (“P-no”). Contrasting brain activity (P-yes > P-no) can provide un
View details →DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00883 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial sciences (General)
Anna V. Stol, Marina R. Serbina · 2026 · Векторы благополучия: экономика и социум
Relevance. Paradigm shift in social policy: from narrow indicators of academic performance to a multidimensional concept of child well-being as a key goal of education. Aim. To test the hypothesis about the effect of subjective perception of child well-being on the educational outcomes of schoolchildren in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Methods. Results of an online survey of schoolchildren in grades 5–11 in the Republic of Bashkortostan (N=25,437, 2025) serve as empirical base. The study used methods of descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation analysis. Results. Contrary to the data
View details →DOI: 10.18799/26584956/2026/1/2068 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology
Karin eWanrooij, Paul eBoersma, Titia eBenders et al. · 2015 · Frontiers in Psychology
Distributional learning of speech sounds is learning from simply being exposed to frequency distributions of speech sounds in one’s surroundings. In laboratory settings, the mechanism has been reported to be discernible already after a few minutes of exposure, in both infants and adults. These effects of distributional training have traditionally been attributed to the difference in the number of peaks between the experimental distribution (two peaks) and the control distribution (one or zero peaks). However, none of the earlier studies fully excluded a possibly confounding effect of the dispe
View details →DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01341 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Yu Fan Eng, Daniel R Little, Andy Yang et al. · 2025 · PLoS ONE
Non-dominant hand contractions (NDHCs) have been shown to help expert motor skills in high-pressure scenarios that induce performance anxiety. Most studies of NHDCs under pressure have examined benefits in overlearned specialist movements (e.g., sporting skills), while few have considered if NDHCs can aid common movements with population-wide expertise (e.g., typing). Accordingly, across three experiments, we explored if NDHCs could protect or facilitate performance under time and/or evaluation pressure in a cursor positioning task (Experiments 1 & 2) and a typing task (Experiment 3). Despite
View details →DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0316355 Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessEcology
Ally M. Whiteis, Shadi Fathollahifard, Isabela Suaza‐Sierra et al. · 2026 · Ecology and Evolution
ABSTRACT Warmer epilimnetic water temperatures and reduced dissolved oxygen levels in deeper water are common stressors for fishes in freshwater reservoirs throughout the summer. We investigated the effects of a temperature–oxygen squeeze—a phenomenon that squeezes fish into a narrow, livable zone—on striped bass from 1995 to 2020 in Lake Texoma. This reservoir is located on the border of Texas and Oklahoma, possesses one of the largest self‐sustaining populations of inland freshwater striped bass in the US, and is of high economic importance to the region. We used a trait‐based approach to qu
View details →DOI: 10.1002/ece3.73736 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPublic aspects of medicine
Simiao Chen, Pascal Geldsetzer, Till Bärnighausen · 2020 · SSM: Population Health
Population aging in middle-income countries, including China, has resulted in strong economic incentives to increase the retirement age. These economic incentives should be weighed up against the effects of later retirement on physical and mental health and wellbeing. We aimed to determine the causal effect of retirement on perceived stress, an important measure of mental well-being. We used data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2015 and adopted a non-parametric regression discontinuity design (RDD) to measure the causal effect of retirement on stress. Stress was assessed using th
View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100462 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Daniel Selechnik, Andrea J. West, Gregory P. Brown et al. · 2017 · PeerJ
The cane toad (Rhinella marina) has undergone rapid evolution during its invasion of tropical Australia. Toads from invasion front populations (in Western Australia) have been reported to exhibit a stronger baseline phagocytic immune response than do conspecifics from range core populations (in Queensland). To explore this difference, we injected wild-caught toads from both areas with the experimental antigen lipopolysaccharide (LPS, to mimic bacterial infection) and measured whole-blood phagocytosis. Because the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is stimulated by infection (and may influence
View details →DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3856 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Rachel Cassar, Victor Shiramizu, Lisa M DeBruine et al. · 2020 · PLoS ONE
Women's preferences for masculine characteristics in men's faces have been extensively studied. By contrast, little is known about how gay men respond to masculine facial characteristics. One area of disagreement in the emerging literature on this topic is the association between gay men's partnership status and masculinity preference. One study found that partnered gay men showed stronger preferences for masculine faces than did single gay men, while another study found that partnered gay men showed weaker preferences for masculine faces than did single gay men. We re-examined this issue in a
View details →DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229133 