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Failure-mode index

Search what already failed

A searchable index of real negative results, null findings, and replication failures from the published literature — so you can learn what didn't work before repeating it.

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record (title, authors, DOI) compiled from open scholarly databases, with the abstract shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed (e.g. Creative Commons); otherwise a short excerpt is shown for reference under fair use. WASTE classifies each work by failure type; classifications are automated and approximate.

19810 results in Negative / Null Result Report · page 121 of 661

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Lingual Lymph Node Metastases as a Prognostic Factor in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma—A Retrospective Multicenter Study

Masahiro Kikuchi, Hiroyuki Harada, Ryo Asato et al. · 2021 · Medicina

Backgrounds and Objectives: The epidemiology and prognostic role of lingual lymph node (LLN) metastasis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unclear. Here, we aimed to analyze the clinicopathological features, risk factors, and prognostic role of LLN metastasis in patients with OSCC. Materials and Methods: In total, 945 patients with OSCC were retrospectively analyzed. Clinicopathological features were compared between patients with and without LLN metastasis. The risk factors of LLN metastasis and its effects on survival outcomes were evaluated using multi-variate analy

View details →DOI: 10.3390/medicina57040374Cited by 15
Negative / Null Result ReportEnvironmental Science

Stream Mesocosm Experiments Show Significant Differences in Sensitivity of Larval and Emerging Adults to Metals

Christopher J. Kotalik, William H. Clements · 2019 · Environmental Science & Technology

Evaluations of aquatic insect responses to contaminants typically use larval life stages to characterize taxa sensitivity, but the effects of contaminants to emerging terrestrial adults have received less attention. We present the results…

View details →DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b00883Cited by 15
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Thromboelastography With Platelet Mapping is Not an Effective Measure of Platelet Inhibition in Patients With Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage on Antiplatelet Therapy

Helena Lam, Nakul Katyal, Catherine D. Parker et al. · 2018 · Cureus

Thromboelastography with platelet mapping (TEG-PM) is a modality to measure platelet function, especially in patients taking antiplatelet medications. It consists of two components: arachidonic acid (AA), which is sensitive to aspirin, and adenosine diphosphate (ADP), which is sensitive to clopidogrel. In patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhages (sICH), the clinical interpretation of platelet mapping is unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate TEG-PM in patients with sICH on aspirin and/or clopidogrel who receive platelet transfusions. This study was an IRB-approved, ret

View details →DOI: 10.7759/cureus.2515Cited by 15
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Facial skin complaints and work at visual display units. Epidemiological, clinical and histopathological studies

M Berg · 2026 · Acta Dermato Venereologica

Only in Sweden is skin disease reputedly caused by working at visual display units (VDUs) a considerable problem. In the present work facial skin complaints in VDU-exposed persons have been studied by means of epidemiological, clinical and…

View details →DOI: 10.2340/000155551989150140Cited by 15
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

The gut-lung axis: effects and mechanisms of gut microbiota on pulmonary diseases

Jiayi Liu, Weichen Hong, Zhendong Sun et al. · 2026 · Frontiers in Immunology

The proposal of the gut-lung axis has profoundly reshaped our understanding of the mechanisms underlying respiratory diseases. As a crucial component of this axis, the gut microbiota plays a central role in pulmonary immune regulation through inter-organ communication mediated by metabolic products. However, a systematic integration of mechanisms explaining how gut microbes achieve precise cross-organ immune regulation remains elusive. Existing research predominantly focuses on descriptive observations, such as the association between early-life microbiota dysbiosis and an increased risk of as

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1693964Cited by 15
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNursing

Limited evidence for anatomical contacts between intestinal GLP-1 cells and vagal neurons in male mice

Newton Cao, Warda Merchant, Laurent Gautron · 2024 · Scientific Reports

The communication between intestinal Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1)-producing cells and the peripheral nervous system has garnered renewed interest considering the availability of anti-obesity and anti-diabetic approaches targeting GLP-1…

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-74000-8Cited by 15
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics and Astronomy

JADES and BlackTHUNDER: rest-frame Balmer-line absorption and the local environment in a Little Red Dot at z = 5

Francesco D’Eugenio, Ignas Juodžbalis, Xihan Ji et al. · 2025 · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

ABSTRACT We present a ‘Little Red Dot’ (LRD) broad-line active galactic nucleus (AGN) at $z=5.077 $, observed with NIRSpec/MSA (micro-shutter assembly) and NIRSpec/IFU (integral-field unit) by the JADES (JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey) and BlackTHUNDER (Black holes in THe early Universe aNd their DensE surRoundings) surveys. Combining spatially resolved and high-resolution spectroscopy, we characterize its central engine, host, and environment. H$\alpha $ has multiple components, including two broad Gaussians, yielding a black-hole mass $\log (M_{\bullet }/{\rm M}_\odot) = 7.65 $, whi

View details →DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staf2117Cited by 15
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Safety of Avacopan for the Treatment of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis: Combined Data From Three Clinical Trials

Peter A. Merkel, Michael George, Huibin Yue et al. · 2025 · ACR Open Rheumatology

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to report the safety of avacopan, an oral selective complement C5a receptor antagonist, using pooled data from clinical trials in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis…

View details →DOI: 10.1002/acr2.70001Cited by 15
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEngineering

Mathematical Modeling of Operational Reliability of Mine Lifting Equipment Based on Censored Data

Denis A. Zadkov, Nikita MARTYUSHEV, Boris V. Malozyomov et al. · 2026 · Mathematics

In this study, a comprehensive mathematical method for modeling the operational reliability of mine hoisting equipment under conditions of incomplete and heavily censored data is developed. The analyzed dataset includes 259 observations collected over a five-year period for six critical components, with the overall level of censoring reaching 62% and exceeding 70% for long life mechanical subsystems. Considering right, left, and interval censoring, the paper proposes a unified statistical procedure that combines empirical estimation of failure rates with parametric identification using Weibull

View details →DOI: 10.3390/math14040716Cited by 15
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Wearable EEG-Based Brain–Computer Interface for Stress Monitoring

Brian Premchand, Liyuan Liang, Kok Soon Phua et al. · 2024 · NeuroSci

Detecting stress is important for improving human health and potential, because moderate levels of stress may motivate people towards better performance at cognitive tasks, while chronic stress exposure causes impaired performance and health risks. We propose a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) system to detect stress in the context of high-pressure work environments. The BCI system includes an electroencephalogram (EEG) headband with dry electrodes and an electrocardiogram (ECG) chest belt. We collected EEG and ECG data from 40 participants during two stressful cognitive tasks: the Cognitive Vig

View details →DOI: 10.3390/neurosci5040031Cited by 15
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Feasibility of two levels of protein intake in patients with colorectal cancer: findings from the Protein Recommendation to Increase Muscle (PRIMe) randomized controlled pilot trial

Katherine L. Ford, Michael B. Sawyer, Sunita Ghosh et al. · 2024 · ESMO Open

•Patients were able to increase and sustain dietary protein intake from preintervention levels.•Over one-half of patients in the 2.0 g/kg/day group maintained or gained MM with a 12-week targeted nutrition intervention.•This work…

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2024.103604Cited by 15
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

A Deep Learning and Explainable AI-Based Approach for the Classification of Discomycetes Species

Aras Fahrettin Korkmaz, Fatih Ekinci, Şehmus Altaş et al. · 2025 · Biology

This study presents a novel approach for classifying Discomycetes species using deep learning and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) techniques. The EfficientNet-B0 model achieved the highest performance, reaching 97% accuracy, a 97% F1-score, and a 99% AUC, making it the most effective model. MobileNetV3-L followed closely, with 96% accuracy, a 96% F1-score, and a 99% AUC, while ShuffleNet also showed strong results, reaching 95% accuracy and a 95% F1-score. In contrast, the EfficientNet-B4 model exhibited lower performance, achieving 89% accuracy, an 89% F1-score, and a 93% AUC. These

View details →DOI: 10.3390/biology14060719Cited by 15
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessHealth Professions

Social inclusion of people with severe mental illness: a review of current practices, evidence and unmet needs, and future directions

Claire Henderson, Yasuhiro Kotera, Brynmor Lloyd‐Evans et al. · 2026 · World Psychiatry

Social inclusion means being able to participate in activities valued within one's community or wider society as one would wish. People with severe mental illness (i.e., psychoses, bipolar disorder, and severe depression) experience some…

View details →DOI: 10.1002/wps.70031Cited by 15
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Cancer cachexia: molecular basis and therapeutic advances

Yuting Tan, Rui Xue, Yuwei Pan et al. · 2026 · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

The dynamic interplay between neoplastic cells and the host has been increasingly recognized as important players in the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia, a syndrome affecting ~50-80% of cancer patients with various incidences of different types of malignancies. Despite its prevalence, a comprehensive understanding of cancer cachexia progression, with a holistic view at the cross-organismal, cellular and molecular levels, remains elusive. In this review, we undertake an in-depth exploration of the relevant target organs and their regulatory roles in cancer cachexia, with a particular focus on m

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41392-025-02331-7Cited by 15
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEconomics, Econometrics and Finance

Economic Growth, FDI, Tourism, and Agricultural Productivity as Drivers of Environmental Degradation: Testing the EKC Hypothesis in ASEAN Countries

Yuldoshboy Sobirov, Beruniy Artikov, Elbek Khodjaniyazov et al. · 2025 · Sustainability

This study examines the long-run relationship between carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and key macroeconomic and sectoral drivers in ten ASEAN economies from 1995 to 2023. Employing Driscoll–Kraay standard errors, Prais–Winsten regression, heteroskedastic panel-corrected standard errors, Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS), Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS), and Canonical Cointegrating Regression (CCR) estimators, the analysis accounts for cross-sectional dependence, slope heterogeneity, and endogeneity. Results indicate that GDP exerts a more-than-unitary positive effect on emissi

View details →DOI: 10.3390/su17188394Cited by 14
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Integrating Artificial Intelligence and PET Imaging for Drug Discovery: A Paradigm Shift in Immunotherapy

Jeremy McGale, Harrison J. Howell, Arnaud Beddok et al. · 2024 · Pharmaceuticals

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has the potential to become a powerful tool in drug discovery. This review aims to provide an overview of the current state of research and highlight the potential for this alliance to advance pharmaceutical innovation by accelerating the development and deployment of novel therapeutics. We previously performed a scoping review of three databases (Embase, MEDLINE, and CENTRAL), identifying 87 studies published between 2018 and 2022 relevant to medical imaging (e.g., CT, PET, MRI), immunotherapy, arti

View details →DOI: 10.3390/ph17020210Cited by 14
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics and Astronomy

CHIME/Fast Radio Burst Discovery of an Unusual Circularly Polarized Long-period Radio Transient with an Accelerating Spin Period

Fengqiu Adam Dong, Kaitlyn Shin, Casey Law et al. · 2025 · The Astrophysical Journal Letters

Abstract We report the discovery of CHIME J1634+44, a long-period radio transient (LPT) unique for two aspects: it is the first known LPT to emit fully circularly polarized radio bursts, and it is the first LPT with a significant spin-up. Given that high circular polarization (>90%) has been observed in FRB 20201124A and in some giant pulses of PSR B1937+21, we discuss the implications of the high circular polarization of CHIME J1634+44 and conclude its emission mechanism is likely to be “pulsar-like.” While CHIME J1634+44 has a pulse period of 841 s, its burst arrival patterns are indicati

View details →DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/adeaabCited by 14
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental Science

Volumetric urban sprawl: Horizontal and vertical growth in two metropolitans

Alì Soltani, Parviz Azizi, Aliasghar Rahimioun et al. · 2025 · Journal of Urban Management

The escalating complexities of rapid urbanization necessitate a paradigm shift in urban form evaluation, moving beyond traditional horizontal analyses to incorporate the crucial dimension of vertical growth. This study pioneers a volumetric approach, integrating 3D and 2D spatial analyses, to dissect compactness, sprawl, and their underlying drivers across two contrasting metropolitan regions: the Tehran Metropolitan Region (TMR) and the Greater Sydney Region (GSR) over a 40-year period (1980s–2020s). Our findings reveal a striking dichotomy: TMR exhibits pronounced ‘vertical sprawl,’ characte

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.jum.2025.03.006Cited by 14
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

The role of plasma inflammatory markers in late-life depression and conversion to dementia: a 3-year follow-up study

Mariia Bocharova, Tom Borza, Leiv Otto Watne et al. · 2025 · Molecular Psychiatry

Late-life depression (LLD) has been linked to increased likelihood of dementia, although mechanisms responsible for this association remain largely unknown. One feature frequently observed in both LLD and dementia is elevated levels of plasma inflammatory markers. The present study aimed to compare the levels of 12 plasma inflammatory markers between older people with LLD and controls, and to explore whether these markers, along with clinical characteristics, can predict dementia in patients with LLD within 3 years of follow-up. Using multiple linear regression with stepwise adjustment, we com

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41380-025-02908-2Cited by 14
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Rise of precision medicine: can it deliver on its promise in IBD?

Stefan Schreiber, Konrad Aden, Florian Tran et al. · 2025 · Gut

The clinical and molecular heterogeneity of IBD—both between patients and within the same individual over time—continues to pose a significant challenge to the implementation of truly personalised treatment strategies. Unlike oncology,…

View details →DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330000Cited by 14
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Physical activity for public health in the 21st century

Deborah Salvo, Inácio Crochemore-Silva, Andrea Wendt et al. · 2026 · Nature Medicine

With over 5 million attributed deaths per year, physical inactivity is a major global public health issue. Although the importance of physical activity is well recognized within the scope of obesity and cardiometabolic disease prevention…

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04237-5Cited by 14
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences

Effects of adding an automated monitoring device to the health screening of postpartum Holstein cows on survival and productive and reproductive performances

Manuel A. Silva, Anderson Veronese, Anna Luiza Belli et al. · 2021 · Journal of Dairy Science

kg) than cows diagnosed with a clinical disease that had an AMD alert. Adding AMD-generated health alerts to the health screening of postpartum cows in a herd with an existing screening program did not improve survival, milk yield, or…

View details →DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18562Cited by 14
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology

The effects of exercise on complement system proteins in humans: a systematic scoping review

Daniela Rothschild-Rodriguez, John P. Campbell, Frankie Brown et al. · 2026 · PubMed

BACKGROUND: The complement system is comprised of the classical, lectin and alternative pathways that result in the formation of: pro-inflammatory anaphylatoxins; opsonins that label cells for phagocytic removal; and, a membrane attack…

View details →DOI: 10.22029/eir.2022.1750Cited by 14
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and risk of substance use disorders among US veterans with type 2 diabetes: cohort study

Miao Cai, Taeyoung Choi, Yan Xie et al. · 2026 · BMJ

OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether initiation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists is associated with both reduced risks of incident alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, nicotine, opioid, and other substance use disorders (SUDs) in…

View details →DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2025-086886Cited by 14
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Artificial Intelligence for Exosomal Biomarker Discovery for Cardiovascular Diseases: Multi-Omics Integration, Reproducibility, and Translational Prospects

Rasit Dinc, Nurittin Ardıç · 2026 · Cells

Exosomes and other extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry microRNAs, proteins, and lipids that reflect cardiovascular pathophysiology and can enable minimally invasive biomarker discovery. However, EV datasets are highly dimensional and heterogeneous, strongly influenced by pre-analytic variables and non-standardized isolation/characterization workflows, limiting reproducibility across studies. Artificial intelligence (AI), including machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and network-based approaches, can support EV biomarker development by integrating multi-omics profiles with clinical metada

View details →DOI: 10.3390/cells15030304Cited by 14
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Therapeutic Potential of Calcium Channel Blockers in Neuropsychiatric, Endocrine and Pain Disorders

Aarish Manzar, Aleksandar Sič, Crystal E. Banh et al. · 2025 · Cells

Calcium channel blockers (CCBs), originally developed for cardiovascular indications, have gained attention for their therapeutic potential in neuropsychiatric, endocrine, and pain-related disorders. In neuropsychiatry, nimodipine and isradipine, both L-type CCBs, show mood-stabilizing and neuroprotective effects, with possible benefits in depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. In endocrinology, verapamil, a non-dihydropyridine L-type blocker, has been associated with the preservation of pancreatic β-cell function and reduced insulin dependence in diabetes. CCBs may also aid in manag

View details →DOI: 10.3390/cells14141114Cited by 14
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences

Invited Review: Inflammation and Health in the Transition Period Influence Reproductive Function in Dairy Cows

T.C. Bruinjé, S.J. LeBlanc · 2025 · Animals

In the early postpartum period, dairy cows undergo significant adaptations in Ca and lipid metabolism, immune function, and inflammatory processes. Concurrent exposure to endotoxins from the uterus, gastrointestinal tract, or mammary gland increases the risk of disease and reproductive problems. Metabolic and inflammatory imbalances during this phase can have both immediate and long-term effects on reproductive health. Associations between metabolic disorders and reproductive outcomes are often confounded by immune activation and systemic inflammation. However, optimal markers, thresholds, and

View details →DOI: 10.3390/ani15050633Cited by 14
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEngineering

Experimental Investigation of the Bearing-Deformation Behavior of Broken Rocks in Goafs Under Various Influencing Factors

Yue Zhao, Jiang Su, Zhengzhen An et al. · 2026 · Applied Sciences

Coal gangue is one of the most abundant solid wastes generated during coal mining. The use of coal gangue for underground backfilling is widely recognized as an effective approach to reducing waste accumulation and promoting sustainable utilization. To further investigate the bearing and deformation behavior of underground gangue filling materials, combined with the underground occurrence conditions of crushed gangue in goaf, a self-designed loading apparatus for crushed gangue was employed to perform lateral compression experiments on crushed gangue. The compaction deformation, fractal dimens

View details →DOI: 10.3390/app16094276Cited by 14
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Ca2+–Calmodulin–Calcineurin Signaling Modulates α‐Synuclein Transmission

Jun Ueda, Norihito Uemura, Tomoyuki Ishimoto et al. · 2023 · Movement Disorders

Abstract Background The intercellular transmission of pathogenic proteins plays a crucial role in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Previous research has shown that the neuronal uptake of such proteins is activity‐dependent;…

View details →DOI: 10.1002/mds.29401Cited by 14