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Failure-mode index

Search what already failed

A searchable index of real negative results, null findings, and replication failures from the published literature — so you can learn what didn't work before repeating it.

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record (title, authors, DOI) compiled from open scholarly databases, with the abstract shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed (e.g. Creative Commons); otherwise a short excerpt is shown for reference under fair use. WASTE classifies each work by failure type; classifications are automated and approximate.

21681 results · page 104 of 723

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Human essential hypertension: no significant association of polygenic risk scores with antihypertensive drug responses

Heini Sánez Tähtisalo, Sanni Ruotsalainen, Nina Mars et al. · 2020 · Scientific Reports

Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for essential hypertension, calculated from > 900 genomic loci, were recently found to explain a significant fraction of hypertension heritability and complications. To investigate whether variation of hypertension PRS also captures variation of antihypertensive drug responsiveness, we calculated two different PRSs for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure: one based on the top 793 independent hypertension-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms and another based on over 1 million genome-wide variants. Using our pharmacogenomic GENRES study comprising four

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68878-3Cited by 24
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Preoperative palsy score has no significant association with survival in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with spinal metastases who undergo spinal surgery

Yen‐Jen Chen, Hsien‐Te Chen, Horng‐Chaung Hsu · 2015 · Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research

BACKGROUND: Survival is a key factor physicians consider when selecting a treatment modality for the treatment of spinal metastases. Various assessment systems can predict length of survival and facilitate selection of the most appropriate treatment. Spinal palsy is a prognostic parameter in the Tokuhashi scoring system but not in the Tomita scoring system. A limitation of these scoring systems is that studies of them have included different tumor types. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of preoperative neurological status as a prognostic factor in non-small-cell lung cancer

View details →DOI: 10.1186/s13018-015-0291-8Cited by 24
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Does Hot Spots Policing Inevitably Lead to Unfair and Abusive Police Practices, or Can We Maximize Both Fairness and Effectiveness in the New Proactive Policing?

David Weisburd · 2026

Hot spots policing has emerged as one of the most important and widely diffused of what are sometimes termed the “new policing” strategies. Such strategies were developed in response to a critique of police effectiveness in preventing…

View details →DOI: 10.4324/9781003531883-20Cited by 24
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Volatile versus Propofol General Anesthesia and Long-term Survival after Breast Cancer Surgery: A National Registry Retrospective Cohort Study

Mats Enlund, Anders Berglund, Anna Enlund et al. · 2022 · Anesthesiology

BACKGROUND: Several retrospective studies using administrative or single-center data have failed to show any difference between general anesthesia using propofol versus inhaled volatiles on long-term survival after breast cancer surgery.…

View details →DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000004309Cited by 24
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Diagnostic Potential of Cytokine Biomarkers in Endometriosis: Challenges and Insights

Laura Krygere, Povilas Jukna, Kristina Jarienė et al. · 2024 · Biomedicines

Endometriosis is a common gynecological condition affecting approximately 10% of women of reproductive age, characterized by the abnormal presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. Although endometriosis was first described over 300 years ago, its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood, and accurate, prompt diagnosis continues to be challenging. Currently, there is a lack of effective, non-invasive diagnostic methods, and available treatments often come with significant side effects and high recurrence rates. This has spurred interest in investigating the role of pro- and

View details →DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12122867Cited by 24
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Artificial social influence via human-embodied AI agent interaction in immersive virtual reality (VR): Effects of similarity-matching during health conversations

Sue Lim, Ralf Schmälzle, Gary Bente · 2025 · Computers in Human Behavior Artificial Humans

Interactions with artificial intelligence (AI) based agents can positively influence human behavior and judgment. However, studies to date focus on text-based conversational agents (CA) with limited embodiment, restricting our understanding of how social influence principles, such as physical similarity, apply to AI agents (i.e., artificial social influence). We address this gap by leveraging latest advances in AI (large language models) and combining them with immersive virtual reality (VR). Specifically, we built VR-ECAs, or embodied conversational agents that can engage in turn-taking conve

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.chbah.2025.100172Cited by 24
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

ChatGPT Health performance in a structured test of triage recommendations

Ashwin Ramaswamy, Alvira Tyagi, Hannah Hugo et al. · 2026 · Nature Medicine

ChatGPT Health was launched in January 2026 as OpenAI's consumer health tool and has reached millions of users. Here we conducted a structured stress test of triage recommendations using 60 clinician-authored vignettes across 21 clinical domains under 16 factorial conditions, yielding 960 total responses. Performance followed an inverted U-shaped pattern, with the most dangerous failures concentrated at clinical extremes-nonurgent presentations (35%) and emergency conditions (48%). Among gold-standard emergencies, the system undertriaged 52% of cases, directing patients with diabetic ketoacido

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04297-7Cited by 24
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

fNIRS reproducibility varies with data quality, analysis pipelines, and researcher experience

Meryem A. Yücel, Robert Luke, Rickson C. Mesquita et al. · 2025 · Communications Biology

As data analysis pipelines grow more complex in brain imaging research, understanding how methodological choices affect results is essential for ensuring reproducibility and transparency. This is especially relevant for functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), a rapidly growing technique for assessing brain function in naturalistic settings and across the lifespan, yet one that still lacks standardized analysis approaches. In the fNIRS Reproducibility Study Hub (FRESH) initiative, we asked 38 research teams worldwide to independently analyze the same two fNIRS datasets. Despite using dif

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s42003-025-08412-1Cited by 24
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Strategic Inclusion Without Transformation: How Populist Radical Right Parties Engage With Women’s Interests

Bonnie M. Meguid, Hilde Coffé, Ana Catalano Weeks et al. · 2025 · Comparative Political Studies

Despite their Männerparteien reputation, populist radical right (PRR) parties have recently expanded their agendas to include women’s interests. When do they embrace these interests, and what shapes their stance? We propose a theory of…

View details →DOI: 10.1177/00104140251381760Cited by 24
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology

HIV-1 Nef Is Transferred from Expressing T Cells to Hepatocytic Cells through Conduits and Enhances HCV Replication

In-Woo Park, Yan Fan, Xiaoyu Luo et al. · 2014 · PLoS ONE

HIV-1 infection enhances HCV replication and as a consequence accelerates HCV-mediated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the precise molecular mechanism by which this takes place is currently unknown. Our data showed that infectious HIV-1 failed to replicate in human hepatocytic cell lines. No discernible virus replication was observed, even when the cell lines transfected with HIV-1 proviral DNA were co-cultured with Jurkat T cells, indicating that the problem of liver deterioration in the co-infected patient is not due to the replication of HIV-1 in the hepatocytes of the HCV infected

View details →DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099545Cited by 24
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

The physiopathology of brain-derived neurotrophic factor

Yves‐Alain Barde · 2025 · Physiological Reviews

BDNF is synthesized and secreted by excitatory neurons. Decades of work with animal models prepared the ground for interpreting the results of human genome analyses associating polymorphisms with memory deficits, mood disorders and…

View details →DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00038.2024Cited by 24
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessHealth Professions

Domain-adaptive faster R-CNN for non-PPE identification on construction sites from body-worn and general images

Seunghyeon Wang · 2026 · Scientific Reports

Ensuring consistent compliance with Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) requirements on construction sites is crucial for worker safety. Although deep learning-based methods already perform well in detecting non-PPE cases, there is still…

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-35148-7Cited by 24
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics and Astronomy

GWTC-4.0: Population Properties of Merging Compact Binaries

Adrian Abac, I. Abouelfettouh, F. Acernese et al. · 2026 · The Astrophysical Journal Letters

Abstract We detail the population properties of binary neutron star, neutron star–black hole binary, and binary black hole mergers using 158 events from the cumulative Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 4.0. The black hole primary mass distribution consists of a power-law-like continuum that steepens above 35 M ⊙ with overdensities at 10 M ⊙ and 35 M ⊙ . Binary black holes with primary masses near 10 M ⊙ are more likely to have less massive secondaries, with a mass ratio distribution peaking at q = 0.7 1 − 0.11 + 0.12 , potentially a signature of stable mass transfer during binary evolution.

View details →DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ae771eCited by 24
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Young people not in education, employment or training (NEET) : where is Government policy taking us now?

Sue Maguire, Jo Thompson · 2026 · Warwick Research Archive Portal (University of Warwick)

Young people who are "not in education, employment or training" (NEET) were brought firmly within the political agenda in 1999 with the publication of the Social Exclusion Unit's (SEU) report "Bridging the Gap" (SEU, 1999). The SEU report…

View details →DOI: 10.82444/warw.33478849Cited by 24
Replication FailureOpen accessPsychology

Message-Based vs Video-Based Psychotherapy for Depression

Michael D. Pullmann, Julien Rouvere, Patrick J. Raue et al. · 2025 · JAMA Network Open

Importance: There is a need to determine the relative effect of message-based psychotherapy (MBP), an asynchronous approach that uses emails, texts, or voice or video messages to permit therapeutic exchanges, compared with video-based psychotherapy (VBP) and whether a combination of modalities would result in better outcomes for those who do not respond to either treatment alone. Objectives: To compare MBP with VBP on a commercial digital mental health platform and test combinations of modalities for participants who did not respond to single-modality treatment. Design, Setting, and Participan

View details →DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.40065Cited by 24
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Persistent activity during working memory maintenance predicts long-term memory formation in the human hippocampus

Jonathan Daume, Jan Kamiński, Yousef Salimpour et al. · 2024 · Neuron

Working Memory (WM) and Long-Term Memory (LTM) are often viewed as separate cognitive systems. Little is known about how these systems interact when forming memories. We recorded single neurons in the human medial temporal lobe while…

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.09.013Cited by 23
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Chronic hyperglycemia and cardiovascular dysfunction: an in-depth exploration of metabolic and cellular pathways in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Araiz Hussain · 2025 · Cardiovascular Diabetology – Endocrinology Reports

Chronic hyperglycemia is the defining feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and a central driver of its long-term complications, including microvascular and macrovascular diseases. Among these, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with T2DM. Persistent glucose elevation activates multiple interrelated biochemical pathways, including the polyol pathway, formation of advanced glycation end-products, protein kinase C activation, oxidative stress via several cellular mechanisms, as well as the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. These p

View details →DOI: 10.1186/s40842-025-00247-3Cited by 23
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Understanding graft-versus-host disease. Preliminary findings regarding the effects of exercise in affected patients

Carmen Fiuza‐Luces, Nuria Garatachea, Nathan A. Berger et al. · 2026 · PubMed

Advances in this century regarding allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) have led to an expanding population of long-term survivors, many of whom suffer severe side effects, particularly those related to graft-versushost disease (GVHD), a potentially multi-systemic disorder caused by immunoeffector donor lymphocytes that destroy host tissues. The GVHD, especially in its chronic form (cGVHD), generates considerable morbidity and compromises the physical capacity of patients. We have reviewed the main pathophysiological aspects of the disease as well as the data availabl

View details →DOI: 10.22029/eir.2015.1698Cited by 23
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences

Identification of the Genome Segments of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 26 (Isolate KUW2010/02) that Restrict Replication in a Culicoides sonorensis Cell Line (KC Cells)

Gillian D. Pullinger, Marc Guimerà Busquets, Kyriaki Nomikou et al. · 2016 · PLoS ONE

Bluetongue virus (BTV) can infect most ruminant species and is usually transmitted by adult, vector-competent biting midges (Culicoides spp.). Infection with BTV can cause severe clinical signs and can be fatal, particularly in naïve sheep and some deer species. Although 24 distinct BTV serotypes were recognized for several decades, additional 'types' have recently been identified, including BTV-25 (from Switzerland), BTV-26 (from Kuwait) and BTV-27 from France (Corsica). Although BTV-25 has failed to grow in either insect or mammalian cell cultures, BTV-26 (isolate KUW2010/02), which can be t

View details →DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149709Cited by 23
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Recent Advances in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Chiara Corti, Beyza Koca, Tasnim Rahman et al. · 2025 · ImmunoTargets and Therapy

While immunotherapy has transformed treatment across various cancers, its impact on breast cancer is relatively limited. Recent advances have established immunotherapy as an effective approach for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), an…

View details →DOI: 10.2147/itt.s495751Cited by 23
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial of Ambient Artificial Intelligence to Improve Health Practitioner Well-Being

Majid Afshar, Mary Ryan, Felice Resnik et al. · 2025 · NEJM AI

BACKGROUND: Electronic health record (EHR) documentation is a major contributor to work-related practitioner exhaustion and the interpersonal disengagement known as burnout. Generative artificial intelligence (AI) scribes that passively…

View details →DOI: 10.1056/aioa2500945Cited by 23
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Impact of Middle Hepatic Vein Resection During Hemihepatectomy on Surgical Outcomes and Long-Term Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study

Wan-Ling Luo, Qing-Bo Wang, Yu-Kai Li et al. · 2025 · Journal of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of middle hepatic vein (MHV) resection during hemihepatectomy on short-term surgical outcomes and long-term prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients and Methods:…

View details →DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s556306Cited by 23
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Polyphenol metabolites in fermented foods: biotransformation, bioavailability, and functional roles

Nouf Abdullah Alharbi · 2026 · Frontiers in Nutrition

Polyphenols, plant-derived bioactive compounds, are known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, benefiting plant-based foods. Fermentation, driven by microbial enzymes like glycosidases, esterases, and decarboxylases, alters the chemical structure of polyphenols, enhancing their bioavailability and bioactivity. This review explores the transformation of polyphenols, particularly flavonoids and phenolic acids, during fermentation, resulting in bioactive metabolites with increased solubility, stability, and antioxidant activity, improving gastrointestinal absorp

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1767453Cited by 23
Negative / Null Result Report

Using short message service text reminders to reduce ‘did not attend’ rates in sexual health and HIV appointment clinics

Thomas Farmer, Gary Brook, John McSorley et al. · 2013 · International Journal of STD & AIDS

‘Did not attend’ and cancellation rates were compared for two 12-month periods before (2009) and after (2012/2013) the introduction of routine short message service text reminders being sent to patients who have pre-booked appointments.…

View details →DOI: 10.1177/0956462413502325Cited by 23
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

What drives virtual influencers’ impact?

Giovanni Luca Cascio Rizzo, Francisco Villarroel Ordenes, Jonah Berger · 2026 · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science

Abstract Amid the influencer marketing boom, companies are increasingly shifting resources from real to virtual (computer-generated) influencers. While virtual influencers can influence consumers, what makes their content more (or less) impactful? The current research examines whether social tie presence (i.e., appearing in photos with humans with whom they seem to have social interactions) shapes consumer engagement. A multimethod investigation, combining automated image and text analysis of thousands of social media posts with controlled experiments, demonstrates that social tie presence inc

View details →DOI: 10.1007/s11747-026-01185-xCited by 23
Negative / Null Result Report

Defining the Minimal Clinically Important Difference for Patients With Vestibular Schwannoma: Are all Quality-of-Life Scores Significant?

Panagiotis Kerezoudis, Kathleen J Yost, Nicole M Tombers et al. · 2018 · Neurosurgery

Abstract BACKGROUND The diagnosis of vestibular schwannomas (VS) is associated with reduced patient quality of life (QOL). Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) was introduced as the lowest improvement in a patient-reported…

View details →DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyy467Cited by 23
Negative / Null Result Report

Low-Cost Airlines: A Failed Business Model?

Kenneth Button · 2012 · Transportation Journal

Abstract The article examines the sustainability of the low-cost, or no-frills, airline business model. It looks at the background to the development of this managerial approach within the context of some prevailing business theories and…

View details →DOI: 10.5325/transportationj.51.2.0197Cited by 23
Negative / Null Result Report

Significant Underestimation in the Optically Based Estimation of the Aerosol First Indirect Effect Induced by the Aerosol Swelling Effect

Jianjun Liu, Zhanqing Li · 2018 · Geophysical Research Letters

Abstract Aerosol optical quantities have been widely employed as the proxy variables of cloud condensation nuclei concentration to study aerosol indirect effects (AIE). Due to the aerosol swelling effect, cloud condensation nuclei and…

View details →DOI: 10.1029/2018gl077679Cited by 23
Negative / Null Result Report

Dissimilarity–Overlap analysis of replicate enrichment communities

Jean C C Vila, Yang-Yu Liu, Alvaro Sanchez · 2020 · The ISME Journal

Abstract The taxonomic composition of microbial communities can vary substantially across habitats and within the same habitat over time. Efforts to build quantitative and predictive models of microbial population dynamics are underway,…

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41396-020-0702-7Cited by 23