Replication FailureOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Tomoki Makino, Hiroshi Miyata, Takushi Yasuda et al. · 2024 · Esophagus
BACKGROUND: S-588410, a cancer peptide vaccine (CPV), comprises five HLA-A*24:02-restricted peptides from five cancer-testis antigens. In a phase 2 study, S-588410 was well-tolerated and exhibited antitumor efficacy in patients with urothelial cancer. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy, immune response, and safety of S-588410 in patients with completely resected esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). METHODS: This phase 3 study involved patients with HLA-A*24:02-positive and lymph node metastasis-positive ESCC who received neoadjuvant therapy followed by curative resection. After
View details →DOI: 10.1007/s10388-024-01072-wCited by 10 Replication FailureOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Dennis Poel, Elske C. Gootjes, Lotte Bakkerus et al. · 2020 · Cancer Medicine
BACKGROUND: Palliative systemic therapy is currently standard of care for patients with extensive metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). A biomarker predicting chemotherapy benefit which prevents toxicity from ineffective treatment is urgently needed. Therefore, a previously developed tissue-derived microRNA profile to predict clinical benefit from chemotherapy was evaluated in tissue biopsies and serum from patients with mCRC. METHODS: Samples were prospectively collected from patients (N = 132) who were treated with capecitabine or 5-FU/LV with oxaliplatin ± bevacizumab. Response evaluation wa
View details →DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3371Cited by 10 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Daniela Achkova, Richard Beatson, John Maher · 2022 · Cells
Macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR) is found in cells of the mononuclear phagocyte lineage and is aberrantly expressed in a range of tumours, in addition to tumour-associated macrophages. Consequently, a variety of cancer therapies directed against M-CSFR are under development. We set out to engineer chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that employ the natural ligands of this receptor, namely M-CSF or interleukin (IL)-34, to achieve specificity for M-CSFR-expressing target cells. Both M-CSF and IL-34 bind to overlapping regions of M-CSFR, although affinity of IL-34 is significa
View details →DOI: 10.3390/cells11142190Cited by 10 Replication FailureOpen accessChemistry
Ziyang Li, Huiwen Zheng, Zou Chen et al. · 2026 · Nature Communications
The family of oxiranes encompasses a variety of compounds with extensive applications across different fields. Herein, we report the development of a visible-light irradiation method using sulfinates in the presence of DABSO to form…
View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-70407-1Cited by 10 Replication FailureOpen accessChemistry
Casey B. Roos, S. Luke Schulert, Lara E. Zetzsche et al. · 2025 · Nature
The synthesis of enantiopure materials is vital for pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries owing to the inherently chiral nature of biological systems and the fact that two enantiomers can have markedly different biochemical…
View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-09738-wCited by 10 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Julien Vionnet, Jorge P. Torres-Yaguana, Rosa Miquel et al. · 2024 · American Journal of Transplantation
The maintenance of stable allograft status in the absence of immunosuppression (IS), known as operational tolerance, can be achieved in a small proportion of liver transplant recipients, but we lack reliable tools to predict its spontaneous development. We conducted a prospective, multicenter, biomarker-strategy design, IS withdrawal clinical trial to determine the utility of a predictive biomarker of operational tolerance. The biomarker test, originally identified in a patient cohort with high operational tolerance prevalence, consisted of a 5-gene transcriptional signature measured in liver
View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.ajt.2024.12.002Cited by 10 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Ambrose Agweyu, Paul Mwaniki, Vaishnavi Menon et al. · 2026 · Nature Medicine
Rigorous evidence on the performance of large language models (LLMs) in real-world, low-resource clinical settings remains limited. Here we conducted a pragmatic, cluster-randomized trial in 16 primary care facilities in Kenya. Clinical officers were randomized to use the electronic medical record with or without LLM assistance. The primary outcome was an expert-adjudicated composite of treatment failure events experienced within 14 days of enrollment. Between 22 April and 16 July 2025, 9,691 patients were enrolled, overseen by 103 clinical officers (52 in the LLM-assisted arm and 51 in the co
View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04503-6Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Chloe Stanley, Ritwika Mallik, Nausheen Hamid et al. · 2026 · Nature Medicine
A suboptimal clinical response after metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is common and carries considerable health concerns. Here a double-blinded, randomized (1:1), placebo-controlled trial using semaglutide 2.4 mg weekly (BARI-STEP) recruited adult participants at least 1 year after gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy with a suboptimal clinical response, defined as less than 20% weight loss from surgery. This was an adjunct to lifestyle intervention with a 500-kcal daily energy deficit. The primary outcome was percentage weight loss after 68-week treatment on an intention-to-treat analysi
View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04416-4Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Zehua Dong, Lianlian Wu, Hongliu Du et al. · 2026 · Gastroenterology
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Evidence about the effect of artificial intelligence (AI) on upper endoscopy in multicenter, randomized controlled trials is lacking. We aimed to explore whether AI can enhance gastric neoplasm detection. METHODS: Participants from 24 hospitals in China from December 21, 2021, to November 11, 2023, were randomized to AI-assisted or nonassisted esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Primary outcome was detection rate of gastric neoplasms after pathologic review. Secondary outcomes included detection rate of gastric neoplasms before review, relative early gastric cancer detection ratio,
View details →DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2025.12.020Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Gavin Giovannoni, Gavin Giovannoni, Laura M. Airas et al. · 2026 · The Lancet
BACKGROUND: The ORATORIO trial showed that ocrelizumab reduced the risk of disability progression versus placebo in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS). We aimed to elucidate the effect of ocrelizumab in older and more disabled patients with PPMS, particularly regarding hand function preservation. METHODS: ORATORIO-HAND was a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3b study with 138 sites across 22 countries. Patients with PPMS aged 18-65 years and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of 3·0-8·0 were randomly assigned 1:1 to intravenous
View details →DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00617-3Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Sara A. Hurvitz, Rachel M. Layman, Giuseppe Curigliano et al. · 2026 · Journal of Clinical Oncology
PURPOSE Gedatolisib potently targets all four class I PI3K isoforms and mTORC1 and mTORC2 to comprehensively block the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and has shown compelling activity in early clinical trials with palbociclib and fulvestrant.…
View details →DOI: 10.1200/jco-25-02643Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Yin Liu, Y Gong, X. Zhu et al. · 2025 · BMJ
Abstract Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of epirubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by weekly paclitaxel with or without carboplatin as adjuvant therapy for patients with high risk, early stage, triple negative breast…
View details →DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2025-085457Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
PierFranco Conte, Maria Vittoria Dieci, Giancarlo Bisagni et al. · 2025 · Annals of Oncology
BACKGROUND: The A-BRAVE trial evaluated the efficacy of avelumab, an anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody, as adjuvant treatment of patients with early triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) at high risk. PATIENTS AND METHODS:…
View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2025.08.005Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessPsychology
Walter Staiano, Christine E. Callahan, Michelle Davis et al. · 2025 · JMIR mhealth and uhealth
BACKGROUND: Insomnia is the most commonly reported sleep disturbance and significantly impacts mental health and quality of life. Traditional treatments for insomnia include pharmacological interventions or cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), but these options may not be accessible to everyone who needs treatment. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the app-based Headspace Sleep Program in adults with clinical insomnia on sleep disturbance and mental health outcomes, compared with a waitlist control group. METHODS: This randomized controlled trial included
View details →DOI: 10.2196/68665Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Tijmen A. van Zadelhoff, Rianne A. van der Heijden, Sita M. A. Bierma-Zeinstra et al. · 2026 · European Radiology
OBJECTIVES: To determine if genicular artery embolization (GAE) is more effective in relieving pain symptoms after 12 months compared to a sham procedure in patients with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis. A secondary aim was to investigate changes in synovitis observed at 4 months and the correlation with other clinical outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomized controlled trial included patients with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis unresponsive to conservative treatment, who were randomly assigned to receive either GAE or sham treatment. Follow-up was at 1, 4, 8, and 12 months. Pa
View details →DOI: 10.1007/s00330-026-12505-8Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Fahimeh Varzideh, Pasquale Mone, Urna Kansakar et al. · 2026 · Nutrients
Vitamin D, a fat-soluble secosteroid traditionally recognized for skeletal health, exerts pleiotropic effects on cardiovascular physiology and disease. Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], the principal biomarker of vitamin D status, is frequently suboptimal worldwide, particularly in older adults, individuals with darker skin pigmentation, and populations at higher latitudes. Observational studies consistently associate low 25(OH)D concentrations with increased risk of hypertension, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, heart failure, arrhythmias, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality.
View details →DOI: 10.3390/nu18030499Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Christopher C. Butler, Andrew Pinto, Victoria Harris et al. · 2026 · New England Journal of Medicine
BACKGROUND: Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir has been shown to reduce progression to severe illness from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in unvaccinated high-risk outpatients. The effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in persons who have been vaccinated, infected naturally, or both is unclear. METHODS: In two open-label platform trials (PANORAMIC in the United Kingdom and CanTreatCOVID in Canada), we enrolled higher-risk adults (≥50 years of age or ≥18 years of age with coexisting conditions) in the community who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and had been unwell for 5 day
View details →DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2502457Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Junren Chen, Siqi Qin, Ziwei Xing et al. · 2026 · Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters
BACKGROUND: Diabetic wounds are a debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus with a high rate of amputation and mortality. 6-Hydroxyhyoscyamine hydrobromide (6-HH) is a belladonna alkaloid with smooth-muscle-relaxing and…
View details →DOI: 10.1186/s11658-025-00856-xCited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Lizl Veldsman, GA Richards, D. G. Nel et al. · 2025 · Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
BACKGROUND: Muscle wasting is a hallmark of critical illness. We evaluated the effect of amino acid supplementation and mobilization on early muscle loss in critically ill patients. METHODS: We conducted a randomized parallel-group trial…
View details →DOI: 10.1002/jpen.70041Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Jennifer Duffecy, Arfa Rehman, Scott Gorman et al. · 2025 · JMIR mhealth and uhealth
Unlabelled: Background: Perimenopausal and menopausal symptoms affect many women's well-being and quality of life. Digital technologies, especially smartphones, allow self-management interventions for menopausal symptoms, but they are understudied., Objective: We evaluated whether a novel digital care app, Caria, effectively reduced vasomotor and behavioral health symptoms of menopause., Methods: We enrolled 149 women for a 6-week randomized controlled trial (app treatment: n=112; web-based educational control: n=37). Enrolled participants had problematic vasomotor symptoms and at least one el
View details →DOI: 10.2196/58204Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Wungki Park, Catherine O’Connor, Joanne F. Chou et al. · 2026 · Nature Medicine
Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) arising from BRCA1or BRCA2 or PALB2 mutations confers sensitivity to platinum chemotherapy and PARP inhibition in pancreatic cancer (PC) and may enable prolonged disease control with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). The phase 2 POLAR trial evaluated maintenance pembrolizumab plus olaparib following platinum-based chemotherapy in biomarker-stratified metastatic PC. Sixty-three participants were enrolled into three cohorts: cohort A (BRCA1/BRCA2-mutated or PALB2-mutated HRD, n = 33), cohort B (non-core HRD, n = 15) and cohort C (platinum sensitive, HRD-
View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41591-026-04299-5Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Y Sakr, Axel Nierhaus, Ulrike Schumacher et al. · 2026 · JAMA Network Open
Importance: Albumin supplementation may reduce mortality in patients with septic shock; however, data from randomized clinical trials are limited. Objective: To assess the impact of albumin administration on outcomes in patients with septic shock. Design, Setting, and Participants: This multicenter, open-label randomized clinical trial was conducted between October 21, 2019, and May 2, 2022. Patients from 23 intensive care units in Germany enrolled within 24 hours of the onset of septic shock were followed up for outcome data up to 90 days. The statistical trial report was completed and filed
View details →DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.59297Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Domenica Lorusso, Laurence Gladieff, David M O'Malley et al. · 2026 · The Lancet
BACKGROUND: Relacorilant is a selective glucocorticoid receptor antagonist that increases the sensitivity of many cancer cell types to chemotherapy. The efficacy and safety of relacorilant plus nab-paclitaxel were assessed in the phase 3 ROSELLA (GOG-3073, ENGOT-ov72, APGOT-Ov10, and LACOG-0223) trial; the combination showed significant improvement in progression-free survival among patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer compared with nab-paclitaxel monotherapy. Results of the final overall survival analysis are reported here. METHODS: intravenously on the aforementioned schedule). Pa
View details →DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00462-9Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Nicholas A. Marston, Erin A. Bohula, Ajay Bhatia et al. · 2026 · JAMA
Importance: Intensive lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels with PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) inhibitors for cardiovascular event reduction has largely been reserved for patients with…
View details →DOI: 10.1001/jama.2026.3277Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Mette Kruse Klausen, Signe Justesen, Julie Niemann Pedersen et al. · 2026 · The Lancet
BACKGROUND: Alcohol use disorder accounts for 5% of deaths worldwide annually, and there is an urgent need for new therapeutic interventions. Preclinical and initial human studies indicate that the GLP-1 receptor agonist semaglutide might reduce alcohol drinking. This study evaluated the efficacy of semaglutide once-weekly in treatment-seeking patients with alcohol use disorder and comorbid obesity. METHODS: In a 26-week, single-centre, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, treatment-seeking participants with moderate to severe alcohol use disorder and comorbid obesity were ass
View details →DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(26)00305-3Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Tom Solomon, Cory Hooper, Ava Easton et al. · 2026 · The Lancet Neurology
BACKGROUND: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis is characterised by inflammation and swelling of the brain, resulting in death or severe neurocognitive sequelae. HSV encephalitis is treated with the antiviral aciclovir but still has substantial mortality and morbidity. Adjunct corticosteroids are sometimes used, but whether they improve the outcome is unclear. We aimed to establish the safety and efficacy of adjunct corticosteroids in HSV encephalitis. METHODS: In this multicentre, observer-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial, adults with HSV encephalitis admitted to 53 hospitals in the UK we
View details →DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(25)00454-5Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessPhysics and Astronomy
D. W. P. Amaral, Dennis G. Uitenbroek, Tjerk H. Oosterkamp et al. · 2025 · Physical Review Letters
We perform the first search for ultralight dark matter using a magnetically levitated particle. A submillimeter permanent magnet is levitated in a superconducting trap with a measured force sensitivity of 0.2 fN/sqrt[Hz]. We find no evidence of a signal and derive limits on dark matter coupled to the difference between baryon and lepton number, B-L, in the mass range (1.10360-1.10485)×10^{-13} eV/c^{2}. Our most stringent limit on the coupling strength is g_{B-L}≲2.98×10^{-21}. We propose the POLONAISE (Probing Oscillations using Levitated Objects for Novel Accelerometry In Searches of Exotic
View details →DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.134.251001Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Robert W. Lentz, Tyler J. Friedrich, Patrick J. Blatchford et al. · 2024 · Clinical Cancer Research
PURPOSE: In this single-institution phase II investigator-initiated study, we assessed the ability of MAPK and VEGF pathway blockade to overcome resistance to immunotherapy in microsatellite-stable metastatic colorectal cancer (MSS mCRC).…
View details →DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-24-0090Cited by 9 Replication FailureMedicine
Jason Smith, Rebecca Cardigan, Emily Sanderson et al. · 2026 · New England Journal of Medicine
BACKGROUND: Whole-blood transfusion has recently gained favor in the management of severe hemorrhage; however, data from large clinical trials evaluating its clinical effectiveness and safety are lacking. METHODS: We conducted a pragmatic,…
View details →DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2516043Cited by 9 Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine
Mihir A Kelshiker, Patrik Bächtiger, Camille F Petri et al. · 2026 · The Lancet
BACKGROUND: Early detection of cardiovascular disease is a global public health priority. Artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled stethoscopes offer robust performance characteristics in point-of-care detection of heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and valvular heart disease (VHD). We conducted a pragmatic, cluster-randomised controlled implementation trial to determine the real-world effect and implementation challenges of AI-stethoscopes. METHODS: UK primary care practices were cluster randomised 1:1 to intervention (training and implementation in use of AI-stethoscopes in routine care) or con
View details →DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(25)02156-7Cited by 9 