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Failure-mode index

Search what already failed

A searchable index of real negative results, null findings, and replication failures from the published literature — so you can learn what didn't work before repeating it.

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record (title, authors, DOI) compiled from open scholarly databases, with the abstract shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed (e.g. Creative Commons); otherwise a short excerpt is shown for reference under fair use. WASTE classifies each work by failure type; classifications are automated and approximate.

21697 results · page 169 of 724

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Semaglutide slows epigenetic aging in a randomized trial of HIV-associated lipohypertrophy

Michael J. Corley, Varun B. Dwaraka, Alina P.S. Pang et al. · 2026 · Nature Communications

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have attracted interest as gerotherapeutics, yet clinical-trial evidence for their effects on biological aging is lacking. We report a post hoc exploratory epigenetic age analysis of a 32-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2b trial (NCT04019197) of semaglutide in adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated lipohypertrophy (semaglutide n = 45; placebo n = 39). The parent trial's primary endpoint was change in visceral adipose tissue, with secondary cardiometabolic and body-composition endpoints; epigenetic agi

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-72861-3Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBusiness, Management and Accounting

Green Talk, Costly Walk: The Financial Cost of Greenwashing

Simone Taddeo, Andrea Regoli, O. Weber et al. · 2026 · Business Strategy and the Environment

ABSTRACT This study investigates the financial consequences of greenwashing, operationalized as the misalignment between ESG disclosure and actual ESG performance. While prior research has explored the reputational and ethical dimensions…

View details →DOI: 10.1002/bse.70595Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences

The impact of large-scale agricultural operations on the grain production resilience: a quasi-natural experiment based on land transfer policy

Da Cui · 2025 · Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems

Under the dual challenges of intensifying global food security crises and pressing demands for sustainable agricultural development, investigating the mechanisms through which large-scale agricultural operations affect the grain production resilience carries significant strategic importance. Using a quasi-natural experiment based on land transfer policy, this study assesses these mechanisms. The findings indicate that large-scale agricultural operations significantly enhances grain production resilience. This positive effect is mediated by increased income levels among rural residents and grea

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2025.1596449Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics and Astronomy

Dynamical Dark Energy and the Unresolved Hubble Tension: Multi-model Constraints from DESI 2025 and Other Probes

Zhuoming Zhang, Tengpeng Xu, Yun Chen · 2026 · The Astrophysical Journal

Abstract We present a Bayesian comparative analysis of five cosmological models: ΛCDM, w CDM, w 0 w a CDM, ϕ CDM (with scalar-field dark energy), and an interacting dark energy scenario (the ξ -index model), to investigate dark energy evolution and the Hubble tension. Utilizing the latest data from the second data release of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (Baryon Acoustic Oscillations, BAO), Pantheon+ (type Ia supernovae, SNIa), and cosmic microwave background (CMB) data (including lensing) from Planck and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, we report three key findings. First, the Hubb

View details →DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae4738Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

LGBTQ+ TikTok influencers: Shaping travel engagement and destination appeal

Ngoc Anh Pham, The Anh Phan · 2025 · Journal Of Vacation Marketing

In the fast-paced world of TikTok, travel influencers craft immersive experiences that captivate followers and inspire travel intentions. This study explores how an influencer's persona—through interaction, attractiveness, and…

View details →DOI: 10.1177/13567667251382433Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Associations between the C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index and the incidence and progression trajectory of cardiometabolic multimorbidity: a multi-state model study

Lei Yuan, Zhe Zhao, Hongxiang Peng et al. · 2026 · Cardiovascular Diabetology

BACKGROUND: The C-reactive protein-triglyceride-glucose index (CTI) has been proposed as a novel biomarker for insulin resistance and inflammation. However, its role in the progression trajectory of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the involvement of the CTI in the CMM progression trajectory. METHODS: This prospective study included 266,049 individuals from the UK Biobank, who were free of cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) at baseline. CMM was defined as the presence of two or more CMDs, including type 2 diabetes (T2D), coronary heart disease (CHD), an

View details →DOI: 10.1186/s12933-026-03174-4Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics and Astronomy

Turbulent Gas-rich Disks at High Redshift: Origin of Thick Stellar Disks Through 3D “Baryon Sloshing”

Joss Bland‐Hawthorn, Thor Tepper-García, Oscar Agertz et al. · 2025 · The Astrophysical Journal

Abstract In response to recent observations from JWST and Atacama Large Millimeter Array, we explore a new class of dynamically self-consistent models that mimics a plausible progenitor of the Milky Way over a wide range of disk gas fractions, f gas . The high gas surface densities encourage vigorous star formation, which in turn couples with the gas to drive turbulence. We show that this coupling through momentum recoil drives a random walk of the baryonic potential minimum with respect to total gravitational potential, Φ tot ( R , ϕ , z ). The amplitude of the bulk motion depends on the feed

View details →DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae0931Cited by 9
Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessPhysics and Astronomy

The Interstellar Medium Conditions of a Strong Ly α Emitter at z = 8.279 from JWST: A Robust Lyman Continuum Leaker Candidate at the Epoch of Reionization

Rafael Navarro-Carrera, K. I. Caputi, Edoardo Iani et al. · 2025 · The Astrophysical Journal

Abstract Making use of JWST NIRSpec and NIRCam data, we conduct a detailed analysis of GN- z 8-LAE, a strong Ly α emitter at z = 8.279. We investigate the interstellar medium (ISM) conditions that enable the Ly α detection in this source at the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) and scrutinize GN- z 8-LAE as an early reionizer. In agreement with previous results, we find that GN- z 8-LAE is a young galaxy (age ∼10 Myr) with a lower stellar mass ( M ⋆ ∼ 10 7.66 M ⊙ ) than most Ly α emitters (LAEs) at similar redshifts. The derived stellar-mass and star formation rate surface densities are Σ M ⋆ ∼ 355

View details →DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/adca35Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Pathway to Excellence Designation, Nurse Work Environment, and Hospital Quality and Safety: A Multi‐State Hospital Study

Hyunmin Yu, Jacqueline Margo Brooks Carthon, Linda H. Aiken et al. · 2026 · Research in Nursing & Health

The Pathway to Excellence (Pathway) program administered by the American Nurses Credentialing Center, recognizes organizations that foster positive nursing practice environments. However, evidence linking Pathway designation to nurse-reported outcomes remains limited. This cross-sectional study integrated data from the Penn 2024 Nurses4All Study and the American Hospital Association Annual Survey. The sample included 16,979 direct care nurses from 1672 hospitals in 10 US states (866 nurses in 63 Pathway hospitals and 16,113 nurses in 1609 non-Pathway, non-Magnet hospitals). The independent var

View details →DOI: 10.1002/nur.70052Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Hypochlorous Acid: Clinical Insights and Experience in Dermatology, Surgery, Dentistry, Ophthalmology, Rhinology, and Other Specialties

Vanda Haralović, Mislav Mokos, Sanja Špoljar et al. · 2025 · Biomedicines

Background: Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is an integral component of the human innate immune system. It possesses antimicrobial properties and is available in solution, dermal spray, and scar gel forms. Objectives/Methods: This review presents data from studies on the clinical use of HOCl in various specialties, including dermatology, surgery, dentistry, ophthalmology, and rhinology. Results: Due to its anti-inflammatory/antimicrobial/immunomodulatory and healing properties, HOCl is advantageous in treating various skin disorders: ulcus cruris (and wound care), diabetic ulcers, atopic dermatitis,

View details →DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines13122921Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

The impact of AI anxiety on career decisions of college students

Ninggui Duan, Lina Li, Guangbo Lin et al. · 2026 · Scientific Reports

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has reshaped the employment market, triggering widespread anxiety among college students about their future careers and posing a potential threat to their career decisions. Grounded in…

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-37648-yCited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Scaffolding Generative AI as a Tutor: A Quasi-Experimental Study of Learning Outcomes and Motivational, Cognitive and Metacognitive Processes

Chrysanthi Melanou, Maik Beege · 2026 · Education Sciences

Generative artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in higher education as an interactive tutoring partner rather than a passive information tool. While AI offers opportunities to support learning, concerns remain regarding cognitive offloading, reduced engagement, and unreflective use. Although instructional scaffolding is a well-established design principle for supporting complex learning, its role in shaping cognitive and metacognitive processes in AI-supported settings remains underexplored. This quasi-experimental pre–post study examined how varying levels of scaffolding influenc

View details →DOI: 10.3390/educsci16040651Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences

Root traits and mycorrhizal fungi mediate reactive N and warming impacts on soil organic carbon

Yunpeng Qiu, Yunfeng Zhao, Bianbian Wang et al. · 2026 · Nature Communications

Plant roots and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form a ubiquitous symbiosis in terrestrial ecosystems and critically affect soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics. However, how roots and AMF mediate the impact of reactive nitrogen (Nr) and…

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-69301-7Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Explainable Generative AI: A Two-Stage Review of Existing Techniques and Future Research Directions

Prabha M. Kumarage, Mirka Saarela · 2026 · AI

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) models produce increasingly sophisticated outputs, yet their underlying mechanisms remain opaque. To clarify how explainability is conceptualized and implemented in GenAI research, this two-stage review systematically examined 261 articles retrieved from six major databases. After removing duplicates and applying predefined inclusion criteria, 63 articles were retained for full analysis. In the first stage, an umbrella review synthesized insights from 18 review papers to identify prevailing frameworks, strategies, and conceptual challenges surrounding

View details →DOI: 10.3390/ai7010031Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS): redefining its interpretation and role

Toshiaki Taoka, Rintaro Ito, Rei Nakamichi et al. · 2026 · Japanese Journal of Radiology

Diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) was originally developed and defined as a noninvasive diffusion MRI method intended to evaluate glymphatic function and is now widely used in neuroimaging research. However, accumulating evidence suggests that the biological meaning of the ALPS index is more complex than initially assumed as a simple marker of glymphatic function. The ALPS index does not directly measure whole-brain fluid transport but rather reflects localized directional diffusivity based on the Brownian motion of water molecules. Its value is strongly i

View details →DOI: 10.1007/s11604-026-02035-0Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental Science

The role of media in shaping pro-environmental behaviors: integrating media system dependency theory and norm activation theory

Chi-Horng Liao · 2025 · Frontiers in Psychology

This study examines how media factors influence pro-environmental behavior (PEB) through an integration of Media System Dependency Theory (MSDT) and Norm Activation Theory (NAT). Using both Fuzzy Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (F-DEMATEL) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), it evaluates the effects of media factors on NAT components-awareness of consequences and ascription of responsibility-and their role in activating personal norms that drive PEB. The study also considers the moderating impact of self-efficacy on the link between personal norms and PEB. Findings from F-D

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1520537Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

Combining biological and psychosocial baseline variables did not improve prediction of outcome of a very‐low‐energy diet in a clinic referral population

P. Sumithran, K. Purcell, S. Kuyruk et al. · 2017 · Clinical Obesity

Summary Consistent, strong predictors of obesity treatment outcomes have not been identified. It has been suggested that broadening the range of predictor variables examined may be valuable. We explored methods to predict outcomes of a…

View details →DOI: 10.1111/cob.12229Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

Can revenue index insurance outperform yield index insurance?

Richard A. Gallenstein, John P. Dougherty · 2024 · American Journal of Agricultural Economics

Abstract Index insurance programs in developing countries have focused almost entirely on agricultural production risk (i.e., yield) while largely avoiding output marketing risk (i.e., price). This omission may miss an important constraint…

View details →DOI: 10.1111/ajae.12445Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

Significant association of urinary alpha‐1‐microglobulin compared to urinary neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin with renal insufficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes

Guangming Chen, Xiaoyun Shan, Huabin Wang · 2021 · Nephrology

Abstract Aim Various studies have reported that urinary neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL), an indicator of tubular damage, may be an effective biomarker of renal impairment in patients with diabetes. This study aimed to…

View details →DOI: 10.1111/nep.13851Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

Strategy war games: how business can outperform the competition

Jason West, Maiko Chu, Lincoln Crooks et al. · 2018 · Journal of Business Strategy

Purpose Business wargames represent an alternative approach to challenge organisations to uncover internal capabilities through competitive actions designed to counteract external threats and address strategic mismatches. Internal…

View details →DOI: 10.1108/jbs-11-2017-0154Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

New Litter Trap Devices Outperform Pitfall Traps for Studying Arthropod Activity

Dolores Ruiz-Lupión, Jordi Pascual, Nereida Melguizo-Ruiz et al. · 2019 · Insects

Soil fauna play a key role in nutrient cycling and decomposition, and in recent years, researchers have become more and more interested in this compartment of terrestrial ecosystems. In addition, soil fauna can act as ecosystem engineers…

View details →DOI: 10.3390/insects10050147Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

COVID‐19 vaccination did not improve employee mental health: A prospective study in an early phase of vaccination in Japan

Natsu Sasaki, Reiko Kuroda, Kanami Tsuno et al. · 2022 · Neuropsychopharmacology Reports

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of vaccination to improve mental health among employees in Japan based on a prospective study. Methods The data were retrieved from the Employee Cohort Study conducted…

View details →DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12250Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

The Acoustic Emission Method Implementation Proposition to Confirm the Presence and Assessment of Reinforcement Quality and Strength of Fiber–Cement Composites

Anna Adamczak-Bugno, Aleksandra Krampikowska · 2020 · Materials

This article proposes to use the acoustic emission (AE) method to evaluate the degree of change in the mechanical parameters of fiber–cement boards. The research was undertaken after a literature review, due to the lack of a methodology…

View details →DOI: 10.3390/ma13132966Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

Filtered backprojection algorithm can outperform iterative maximum likelihood expectation‐maximization algorithm

Gengsheng L. Zeng · 2012 · International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology

Abstract The iterative maximum‐likelihood expectation‐maximization (ML‐EM) algorithm is an excellent algorithm for image reconstruction and usually provides better images than the filtered backprojection (FBP) algorithm. However, a…

View details →DOI: 10.1002/ima.22011Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

Reproducibility in the UK biobank of genome-wide significant signals discovered in earlier genome-wide association studies

Jack W. O’Sullivan, John P. A. Ioannidis · 2021 · Scientific Reports

Abstract With the establishment of large biobanks, discovery of single nucleotide variants (SNVs, also known as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNVs)) associated with various phenotypes has accelerated. An open question is whether…

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97896-yCited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

A Refined Model of Stress–Diathesis Relationships in Mothers With Significant Depressive Symptom Severity

Yui Matsuda, Todd A. Schwartz, YunKyung Chang et al. · 2019 · Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association

BACKGROUND: Mothers’ depressive symptoms affect their children’s growth as well as physical and mental well-being. Moreover, mothers of young children with developmental delay or disability (DD) tend to have higher depressive symptoms.…

View details →DOI: 10.1177/1078390319877228Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

“What Did She Say? What Did She Say?” the Impact of Interpretation on Recruiting and Interviewing European Migrant Women in the United Kingdom

Mona Almalik, Alice Kiger, Janet Tucker · 2010 · International Journal of Qualitative Methods

Although a few researchers mention that involving interpreters can have an impact on the research process and research findings, little is published regarding methods of assessing the interpretation work's quality and impact. The impact of…

View details →DOI: 10.1177/160940691000900302Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

The magic bullet as cancer therapeutic—has nanotechnology failed to find its mark?

Gordon Minru Xiong, Kailash Venkatraman, Subbu Venkatraman · 2020 · Progress in Biomedical Engineering

Abstract Ever since the term ‘Magic Bullet’ was coined by Nobel laureate Paul Ehrlich to denote selective activity of a therapeutic medicine against a particular target tissue or organism, researchers have been attempting to develop the…

View details →DOI: 10.1088/2516-1091/abb008Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

Where Do Women With Urinary Incontinence Find Information About Absorbent Products and How Useful Do They Find It?

Nicholas Smith, Kathleen F. Hunter, Saima Rajabali et al. · 2019 · Journal of Wound, Ostomy & Continence Nursing

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine from what sources women with urinary and dual urinary and fecal incontinence sought and received information about incontinence and absorbent products. We also evaluated source utility. DESIGN:…

View details →DOI: 10.1097/won.0000000000000494Cited by 9