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Failure-mode index

Search what already failed

A searchable index of real negative results, null findings, and replication failures from the published literature — so you can learn what didn't work before repeating it.

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record (title, authors, DOI) compiled from open scholarly databases, with the abstract shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed (e.g. Creative Commons); otherwise a short excerpt is shown for reference under fair use. WASTE classifies each work by failure type; classifications are automated and approximate.

20217 results in Negative / Null Result Report · page 154 of 674

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Systemic Therapies for HER2-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer

Vasileios Angelis, Alicia Okines · 2023 · Cancers

Despite recent advances, HER2-positive advanced breast cancer (ABC) remains a largely incurable disease, with resistance to conventional anti-HER2 drugs ultimately unavoidable for all but a small minority of patients who achieve an enduring remission and possibly cure. Over the past two decades, significant advances in our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of HER2-driven oncogenesis have translated into pharmaceutical advances, with the developing of increasingly sophisticated therapies directed against HER2. These include novel, more potent selective HER2 tyrosine kinase in

View details →DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010023Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Hepatic artery infusion of FOLFOX chemotherapy plus camrelizumab combined with sorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C (Double-IA-001): a phase II trial

Lujun Shen, Fei Cao, Ying Liu et al. · 2025 · BMC Medicine

BACKGROUND: Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) with a combination of oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFOX) has shown excellent local control for patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage C…

View details →DOI: 10.1186/s12916-025-04110-1Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Significant effects of lymph and blood vascular invasion on the prognosis of early‐stage cervical squamous cell carcinoma

Yanna Zhang, Ming Yan, Jiehua He et al. · 2010 · Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research

AIM: In the past 10 years, therapeutic advances have led to improved short-term efficacy for cervical carcinoma; however, the 5-year survival rate was not significantly enhanced. To investigate the effects of blood vessel invasion (BVI)…

View details →DOI: 10.1111/j.1447-0756.2010.01271.xCited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Resected Ampulla of Vater Carcinoma: Retrospective Analysis of 646 Patients

Jwa Hoon Kim, Jae Ho Jeong, Baek‐Yeol Ryoo et al. · 2020 · Cancer Research and Treatment

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in patients with resected ampulla of Vater (AoV) carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from 646 patients who underwent surgical resection at Asan Medical Center…

View details →DOI: 10.4143/crt.2020.953Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Neo-adjuvant pembrolizumab in stage IV high-grade serous ovarian cancer: the phase II Neo-Pembro trial

S. Lot Aronson, Bram Thijssen, Marta López‐Yurda et al. · 2025 · Nature Communications

While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment, their efficacy in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) remains limited. Some patients, however, achieve lasting responses, emphasizing the need to…

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-58440-yCited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Recent advances in immunotherapy targeting amyloid-beta and tauopathies in Alzheimer’s disease

Sha Sha, Lina Ren, Xiaona Xing et al. · 2025 · Neural Regeneration Research

Alzheimer's disease, a devastating neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by progressive cognitive decline, primarily due to amyloid-beta protein deposition and tau protein phosphorylation. Effectively reducing the cytotoxicity of…

View details →DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-00846Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Chemoradiation ± Atezolizumab in Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: Results of NRG Oncology/Alliance LU005

Kristin A. Higgins, Chen Hu, Helen J. Ross et al. · 2026 · Journal of Clinical Oncology

PURPOSE NRG Oncology/Alliance LU005 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03811002 ) tested the addition of atezolizumab to concurrent chemoradiation (CRT) in this open-label, phase III international trial. METHODS Patients with limited-stage…

View details →DOI: 10.1200/jco-25-01569Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Impact of Coronary Lesion Stability on the Benefit of Emergent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention After Sudden Cardiac Arrest

Louis Pechmajou, Éloi Marijon, Olivier Varenne et al. · 2020 · Circulation Cardiovascular Interventions

Background: Conflicting data exist regarding the benefit of urgent coronary angiogram and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) after sudden cardiac arrest, particularly in the absence of ST-segment elevation. We hypothesized that the…

View details →DOI: 10.1161/circinterventions.119.009181Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Ratcheting down the virulence of SARS‐CoV‐2 in the COVID‐19 pandemic

Adam Brufsky, Michael T. Lotze · 2020 · Journal of Medical Virology

Muller's ratchet1 predicts that when mutation rates are high and a significant proportion of mutations are deleterious, a kind of irreversible ratchet mechanism will gradually decrease the mean fitness of small populations of asexual organisms.2 In cell culture, serial passage of genetically bottlenecked vesicular stomatitis virus, which grew quite rapidly on HeLa cells, severely reduced in fitness and virulence within 20 passages in a novel BHK host cell.2 Genetic bottlenecks are likely important in intraspecies viral transmission.3 RNA-based viruses are particularly prone to repeated bottlen

View details →DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26067Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Ganciclovir Therapy for CMV Viremia in a Patient on VV ECMO With COVID-19 After Treatment With Tocilizumab

Leah Amundson, Brandon Boelts, Vivek Kataria et al. · 2021 · Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice

To the Editor: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a widespread pandemic in which various therapeutics have been studied. Targeted therapies focus on either the viral or the inflammatory phase to ultimately reduce disease…

View details →DOI: 10.1097/ipc.0000000000001035Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Development of a tailored intervention targeting sedentary behavior and physical activity in people with stroke and diabetes: A qualitative study using a co-creation framework

Stefan Sjørslev Bodilsen, Mette Aadahl, Troels Wienecke et al. · 2023 · Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences

Purpose: Type 2 diabetes and sedentary behavior pose serious health risks in stroke survivors. Using a co-creation framework, this study aimed to develop an intervention in collaboration with stroke survivors with type 2 diabetes, relatives, and cross-sectoral health care professionals to reduce sedentary behavior and increase physical activity. Materials and methods: = 10) to develop the intervention. A content analysis was used to analyze data. Results: The developed "Everyday Life is Rehabilitation" (ELiR) intervention consisted of a tailored 12-week home-based behavior change intervention

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2023.1114537Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Epidemiology of childhood acute kidney injury in England using e-alerts

Lucy Plumb, Anna Casula, Manish D. Sinha et al. · 2023 · Clinical Kidney Journal

ABSTRACT Background Few studies describe the epidemiology of childhood acute kidney injury (AKI) nationally. Laboratories in England are required to issue electronic (e-)alerts for AKI based on serum creatinine changes. This study…

View details →DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfad070Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Erythrocytosis incidence and thromboembolic risk in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction treated with SGLT2 inhibitors: a nationwide register-based cohort study

Abdullahi Ahmed Mohamed, Camilla Fuchs Andersen, Daniel Mølager Christensen et al. · 2025 · Cardiovascular Diabetology

BACKGROUND: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) increase haemoglobin and haematocrit levels, potentially causing secondary erythrocytosis-defined as a haemoglobin level above 16.5 g/dL in men and 16.0 g/dL in women-which is…

View details →DOI: 10.1186/s12933-025-02871-wCited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

Searching for solar-like oscillations in pre-main sequence stars using APOLLO

M. Müllner, K. Zwintz, E. Corsaro et al. · 2021 · Astronomy & Astrophysics

Context. In recent years, our understanding of solar-like oscillations from main sequence to red giant stars has improved dramatically thanks to pristine data collected from space telescopes. One of the remaining open questions focuses on…

View details →DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039578Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

Nutraceutical and pharmaceutical cocktails did not improve muscle function or reduce histological damage in D2-mdx mice

Hannah R. Spaulding, Tiffany Quindry, Kayleen Hammer et al. · 2019 · Journal of Applied Physiology

Progressive muscle injury and weakness are hallmarks of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. We showed previously that quercetin (Q) partially protected dystrophic limb muscles from disease-related injury. As quercetin activates PGC-1α through…

View details →DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00162.2019Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

Did the use of open invitations in place of timed appointment invitations reduce the uptake of breast screening in the London region during the COVID-19 recovery?

Sue M Hudson, Kathie Binysh, Stephen W Duffy · 2022 · Journal of Medical Screening

Objective The Covid-19 pandemic created a backlog of women awaiting an invitation for breast screening in the UK. To recover in a timely fashion, the National Health Service programme opted to issue open invitations (OI) to women rather…

View details →DOI: 10.1177/09691413221127583Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Enhanced efficacy with azacytidine and oncolytic BHV-1 in a tolerized cotton rat model of breast adenocarcinoma

Breanne Cuddington, Meghan L. Verschoor, Ali A. Ashkar et al. · 2015 · Molecular Therapy — Oncolytics

Oncolytic viruses selectively replicate in cancer cells by exploiting biochemical differences between normal and tumor cells. Treatment with epigenetic modifiers such as 5-Azacytidine, a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, increases the…

View details →DOI: 10.1038/mto.2015.4Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

Union-find quantum decoding without union-find

Sam J. Griffiths, Dan E. Browne · 2024 · Physical Review Research

The union-find decoder is a leading algorithmic approach to the correction of quantum errors on the surface code, achieving code thresholds comparable to minimum-weight perfect matching (MWPM) with amortized computational time scaling…

View details →DOI: 10.1103/physrevresearch.6.013154Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Lack of benefit from hospitalization in patients with syncope: A propensity analysis

Padma Kaul, Dat T. Tran, Roopinder K. Sandhu et al. · 2020 · Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Patients with syncope are frequently admitted to the hospital, but whether this improves outcome is unknown. We tested whether hospitalization reduced mortality in patients who presented to emergency departments (EDs) with…

View details →DOI: 10.1002/emp2.12229Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

Ultrasonography-Guided Core Needle Biopsy Did Not Reduce Diagnostic Lobectomy for Thyroid Nodules Diagnosed as Atypia of Undetermined Significance/Follicular Lesion of Undetermined Significance

Jung Hyun Yoon, Jin Young Kwak, Hee Jung Moon et al. · 2019 · Ultrasound Quarterly

Abstract In this study, we evaluated the role of ultrasonography-guided core needle biopsy (US-CNB) in deciding upon management for prior atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS)…

View details →DOI: 10.1097/ruq.0000000000000400Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

New medications development for smoking cessation

Dana Lengel, Paul J. Kenny · 2023 · Addiction Neuroscience

Diseases associated with nicotine dependence in the form of habitual tobacco use are a major cause of premature death in the United States. The majority of tobacco smokers will relapse within the first month of attempted abstinence.…

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.addicn.2023.100103Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result Report

Stroke Volume Variation-Guided Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy Did Not Significantly Reduce the Incidence of Early Postoperative Complications in Elderly Patients Undergoing Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Wei Tang, Yuwei Qiu, Huijie Lu et al. · 2021 · Frontiers in Surgery

Study Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether stroke volume variation (SVV)-guided goal-directed therapy (GDT) can improve postoperative outcomes in elderly patients undergoing minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) compared…

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.794272Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Milademetan in Advanced Solid Tumors with MDM2 Amplification and Wild-type TP53: Preclinical and Phase II Clinical Trial Results

Ecaterina E. Dumbrava, Thomas E. Stinchcombe, Mrinal M. Gounder et al. · 2025 · Clinical Cancer Research

PURPOSE: Mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that degrades the tumor suppressor p53. In cancers, MDM2 amplification (MDM2amp) leads to overexpression of MDM2, inducing p53 degradation and a p53-null phenotype even in the…

View details →DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-25-0762Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences

Suppression of Cannibalism during Larviculture of Burbot through Size Grading

James M. Barron, Nathan R. Jensen, Paul J. Anders et al. · 2013 · North American Journal of Aquaculture

Abstract The survival and percentage of North American Burbot Lota lota maculosa larvae and metamorphosing larvae presumed to have been cannibalized during a 15-d period immediately following a size-grading event were compared with those of fish in nongraded control groups. In larvae (mean TL, 11.8 mm), grading immediately produced a size distinction, as the group that passed the grader was significantly narrower and shorter than the group retained by the grader. The mean coefficient of variation of the length of larvae in the retained group was significantly lower than that of the control gro

View details →DOI: 10.1080/15222055.2013.829146Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

An exploratory study to evaluate visual function endpoints in non-advanced age-related macular degeneration

Divya Narayanan, John David Rodriguez, Garrick Wallstrom et al. · 2020 · BMC Ophthalmology

BACKGROUND: To prevent irreversible vision loss in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), it is critical to detect retinal dysfunction before permanent structural loss occurs. In the current study we evaluated a series of visual function tests to identify potential endpoints to detect visual dysfunction in non-advanced AMD. METHODS: A series of visual function tests were performed on 23 non-advanced AMD subjects (AREDS grade 1-4 on simplified scale) and 34 age-matched normals (AREDS grade 0). Tests included some commonly used endpoints such as ETDRS visual acuity (VA), low luminance (LL) 2.0N

View details →DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01683-8Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Inhibiting the P2Y12 Receptor in Megakaryocytes and Platelets Suppresses Interferon-Associated Responses

Marcin A. Sowa, Haoyu Sun, Tricia T. Wang et al. · 2024 · JACC Basic to Translational Science

We investigated the impact of antiplatelet therapy on the megakaryocyte (MK) and platelet transcriptome. RNA-sequencing was performed on MKs treated with aspirin or P2Y12 inhibitor, platelets from healthy volunteers receiving aspirin or…

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2024.05.014Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Emergent immunotherapy approaches for brain metastases

Jianbo Wang, Hussein A. Tawbi · 2021 · Neuro-Oncology Advances

Brain metastases from solid tumors are increasing in incidence, especially as outcomes of systemic therapies continue to extend patients' overall survival. The long-held notion that the brain is an immune sanctuary has now been largely…

View details →DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab138Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportEnvironmental Science

Influence of Hook Size and Style on Short-Term Survival of Deeply Hooked Bluegills

Justin J. Robert, Sarah M. Larocque, Steven J. Cooke · 2012 · North American Journal of Fisheries Management

Abstract Catch and release is a common practice among recreational anglers. In instances when fish are deeply hooked, the proper techniques for promoting survival are poorly understood, although evidence suggests that the fishing line…

View details →DOI: 10.1080/02755947.2012.703161Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The Binary Model of Chronic Diseases Applied to COVID-19

Zeev Elkoshi · 2021 · Frontiers in Immunology

A binary model for the classification of chronic diseases has formerly been proposed. The model classifies chronic diseases as “high Treg” or “low Treg” diseases according to the extent of regulatory T cells (Treg) activity (frequency or function) observed. The present paper applies this model to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS - CoV - 2) infection. The model correctly predicts the efficacy or inefficacy of several immune-modulating drugs in the treatment of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease. It also correctly predicts the class of pathogens mostly associ

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.716084Cited by 9
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

HDAC inhibitors as anticancer drugs: chemical diversity, clinical trials, challenges and perspectives

A. AbdAllah · 2026 · RSC Advances

In an attempt to collect clinical data about HDAC inhibitors as very significant anticancer drugs we aimed to compare data and reveal the impact of the structural features, concluding the points of interest that are likely to help further development of better cancer therapy. We presented results of different clinical phases of HDAC inhibitors classified as hydroxamic acid derivatives, cyclic peptides, benzamides, and short chain aliphatic acids in a coherent and cohesive manner. It was found that HDAC inhibitors are preferentially combined with other antitumor drugs, mainly anti PD-1 and doxo

View details →DOI: 10.1039/d5ra09034bCited by 9