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Failure-mode index

Search what already failed

A searchable index of real negative results, null findings, and replication failures from the published literature — so you can learn what didn't work before repeating it.

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record (title, authors, DOI) compiled from open scholarly databases, with the abstract shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed (e.g. Creative Commons); otherwise a short excerpt is shown for reference under fair use. WASTE classifies each work by failure type; classifications are automated and approximate.

21247 results · page 139 of 709

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEconomics, Econometrics and Finance

Navigating Chinese green deals through green investment, green technology, and green energy development: a race for sustainability or greenwashing?

Buhari Doğan, Mohammad Razib Hossain, Rabeh Khalfaoui et al. · 2026 · Financial Innovation

Abstract Drawing from the recent COP28, which espouses a boom in clean energy transition through technological forwardness, and the framework of the SDG, we address critical questions related to green investment, energy investment, and environmental sustainability. We scrutinize whether green technology genuinely leads to green investment and energy investment in China and whether the causal nexus between these variables holds amid an EKC postulation. We use Chinese provincial data from 1998 to 2020 and deploy the quantile moment-based non-parametric regression technique and the newly develope

View details →DOI: 10.1186/s40854-025-00894-6Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Advances and Perspectives in Curcumin Regulation of Systemic Metabolism: A Focus on Multi-Organ Mechanisms

Dingya Sun, Jialu Wang, Xin Li et al. · 2026 · Antioxidants

Curcumin, a natural polyphenol derived from turmeric, functions as a potent exogenous antioxidant and exhibits a range of benefits in the prevention and management of metabolic diseases. Despite its extremely low systemic bioavailability, curcumin demonstrates significant bioactivity in vivo, a phenomenon likely attributable to its accumulation in the intestines and subsequent modulation of systemic oxidative stress and inflammation. This article systematically reviews the comprehensive regulatory effects of curcumin on systemic metabolic networks-including glucose metabolism, amino acid metab

View details →DOI: 10.3390/antiox15010109Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Conduction System vs Biventricular Pacing in Heart Failure

André Zimerman, Alexander Dal Forno, Luis E. Rohde et al. · 2026 · JAMA Cardiology

Importance: Conduction system pacing (CSP) is a promising and potentially cost-effective alternative to biventricular pacing (BiVP) in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and left bundle-branch block (LBBB), but its impact on heart failure (HF) outcomes remains uncertain. Objective: To compare CSP vs BiVP on an HF-related outcome in patients with HFrEF and LBBB. Design, Setting, and Participants: PhysioSync-HF (Conduction System Pacing Versus Biventricular Resynchronization in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure) was an investigator-initiated, multicenter, noninf

View details →DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2026.0101Cited by 11
Replication FailureOpen accessMedicine

Ticagrelor vs Prasugrel in Patients With Diabetes and Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease

S Bangalore, Santosh Kumar Sinha, Rakendra Singh et al. · 2026 · JAMA Cardiology

Importance: The optimal dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with diabetes is not clearly defined. Although both ticagrelor and prasugrel are potent inhibitors of P2Y purinergic receptor 12…

View details →DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2025.5057Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEngineering

Anisotropic spin stripe domains in bilayer La3Ni2O7

Naman Gupta, Rantong Gong, Y. Wu et al. · 2025 · Nature Communications

The discovery of superconductivity in La3Ni2O7 under pressure has motivated the investigation of a parent spin density wave (SDW) state, which could provide the underlying pairing interaction. Here, we employ resonant soft x-ray scattering…

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-61653-wCited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Accelerated transcranial magnetic stimulation for psychological distress in advanced cancer: A phase 2a feasibility and preliminary efficacy clinical trial

James Downar, James Downar, Julie Lapenskie et al. · 2024 · Palliative Medicine

Background: Psychological and existential suffering affects many people with advanced illness, and current therapeutic options have limited effectiveness. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a safe and effective therapy…

View details →DOI: 10.1177/02692163241234799Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Tactile processing in mouse cortex depends on action context

Eric A. Finkel, Yi-Ting Chang, Rajan Dasgupta et al. · 2024 · Cell Reports

The brain receives constant tactile input, but only a subset guides ongoing behavior. Actions associated with tactile stimuli thus endow them with behavioral relevance. It remains unclear how the relevance of tactile stimuli affects…

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113991Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Rotational Projection Errors in Coronal Knee Alignment on Weight-Bearing Whole-Leg Radiographs: A 3D CT Reference Across CPAK Morphotypes

Igor Strahovnik, Andrej Strahovnik, Samo K. Fokter · 2025 · Bioengineering

Whole-leg radiographs (WLRs) are widely used to assess coronal alignment before total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but may be inaccurate in patients with atypical morphotypes or malrotation. This study evaluated the discrepancy between WLR and 3D computed tomography (CT) scans across coronal plane alignment of the knee (CPAK) morphotypes and introduced a novel projection index—the femoral notch projection ratio (FNPR). In CPAK III knees, 19% of cases exceeded a clinically relevant threshold (>3° difference), prompting investigation of underlying projection factors. In 187 knees, coronal angles—

View details →DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering12080794Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics

The self-assembly of glycyrrhizic acid into nanofibrils

Suelen Gauna Trindade, Fernando Bonin Okasaki, Ashley P. Williams et al. · 2025 · Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

The self-assembly of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) in aqueous solutions has significant implications for soft matter science and material design. Here, we describe the self-assembly of GA under well-defined conditions, focusing on measurements of the critical aggregation concentration (CAC) - when GA dimers start stacking into nanofibrils, and of the critical gel concentration (CGC) - when nanofibrils entangle into a viscoelastic network. We examine in detail the structure at low concentrations and its evolution into a viscoelastic hydrogel, addressing the kinetic pathway. We highlight the dependence

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2025.138280Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Research advances in the study of traditional Chinese medicine formula granules on signaling pathway-mediated disease mechanisms

Zhuoxu Gu, Zhonghao Wang, Xianquan Zhang et al. · 2025 · Frontiers in Pharmacology

As a modern dosage form of traditional Chinese medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granules (TCMFG) maximally retains active metabolites through standardized production processes, including dynamic countercurrent extraction and low-temperature concentration. This serves as a critical material basis for elucidating its multi-target regulatory mechanisms. Recent studies have highlighted the significant potential of TCMFG in treating complex diseases, such as inflammation, tumors, metabolic disorders, fibrosis, and orthopedic conditions like osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, by modulati

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1609211Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Molecular mechanisms underlying the abscopal effect induced by radiotherapy and its synergistic translational potential with immunotherapy

Xinyi Chen, Mu Yang, Yongbiao Huang et al. · 2025 · Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology

Abscopal immunity—the regression of distant, non-irradiated lesions after localized radiotherapy (RT)—signals conversion of focal DNA damage into systemic antitumor immunity. This review advances a unifying three-stage…

View details →DOI: 10.1177/17588359251387534Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology

The Interleukin Network in Sepsis: From Cytokine Storm to Clinical Applications

Marcello Candelli, Marta Sacco Fernandez, Gloria Rozzi et al. · 2025 · Diagnostics

Background and Objectives: Despite major advances in medical science and critical care, sepsis remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide: it arises from dysregulated host response to infections and may culminate in organ dysfunction. A hallmark of its pathogenesis is the cytokine storm, in which interleukins (ILs) serve as central mediators of both protective and deleterious immune responses. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the role of ILs in sepsis, emphasizing their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Material and Methods: We analyzed recent cl

View details →DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics15222927Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences

Unravelling Changes in the Pinus radiata Root and Soil Microbiomes as a Function of Aridity

Sarah L. Addison, Zhenzhen Yan, Thomas F. Carlin et al. · 2025 · Global Change Biology

Increased aridity is emerging as a key impact of climate change in terrestrial ecosystems globally. Forest biomes are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of changing environmental conditions due to their long-lived and sessile nature.…

View details →DOI: 10.1111/gcb.70165Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental Science

Low molecular weight organic acids mobilize soil organic phosphorus for enzymatic hydrolysis in a temperate montane peatland

Yuchen Suo, Tong Li, Christian von Sperber et al. · 2025 · Biogeochemistry

Abstract The stability of carbon (C) stocks in peatlands is intricately linked to phosphorus (P) bioavailability. Given that organic P compounds (P o ) can make up to 89% of total soil P in these ecosystems, it is vital to understand their role in regulating plant productivity and organic matter decomposition. Despite this significance, the mechanisms controlling P bioavailability remain poorly understood. Plants and soil microorganisms primarily regulate the release of soil P via low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) and modulate the hydrolysis of P o through phosphatase enzymes, partic

View details →DOI: 10.1007/s10533-025-01210-1Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Exercise blood pressure relative to fitness and cardiovascular outcomes: the EXERTION study

Martin G Schultz, Petr Otahal, Philip Roberts-Thomson et al. · 2025 · European Heart Journal

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A hypertensive response to exercise is independently associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD), but clinical interpretation may be confounded by aerobic capacity (fitness). The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between exercise blood pressure (BP) relative to fitness and CVD events. METHODS: Clinical exercise test records were analysed from 12 743 people (aged 53 ± 13 years, 60% male) who completed a standard exercise stress test (Bruce treadmill protocol, stages 1-4) at six Australian hospitals. Records were linked to administrative datasets (hospital

View details →DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf1082Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

TREM2 expression level is critical for microglial state, metabolic capacity and efficacy of TREM2 agonism

Astrid Feiten, Kilian Dahm, Kai Schlepckow et al. · 2026 · Nature Communications

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a central regulator of microglial activity and loss-of-function coding variants are major risk factors for late onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). To better understand the molecular and functional changes associated with TREM2 signalling in microglia, we generated a TREM2 reporter mouse. In APP transgenic animals, bulk RNA-sequencing of isolated microglia sorted based on reporter expression highlighted TREM2 level-related changes in major immunometabolic pathways, and enrichment of genes in oxidative phosphorylation and cholesterol met

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-68706-8Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBusiness, Management and Accounting

The role of military directors in holding the CEO accountable for poor firm performance

Stevo Pavićević, Thomas Keil · 2024 · Strategic Management Journal

Abstract Research Summary Why do some boards of directors dismiss the CEO when a firm performs poorly, while others do not? We argue that military directors—outside directors with military backgrounds—on the board increase the likelihood…

View details →DOI: 10.1002/smj.3675Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Breaking the outer membrane barrier: structure, targets, and antimicrobial strategies for Gram-negative bacteria

Fanzhuo Xu, Yu Xie, Weiwei Yu et al. · 2026 · Frontiers in Microbiology

Multidrug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria has become a significant global public health challenge, threatening human health and clinical treatment outcomes. The unique outer membrane structure of these pathogens greatly limits antibiotic penetration, serving as the core mechanism of resistance. This paper systematically analyses antimicrobial strategies targeting the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, mainly including: (1) directly disrupting the outer membrane structure and enhancing drug permeability; (2) inhibiting the biosynthesis or transport pathways of key outer membrane com

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2026.1734749Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Examining the effects of the killing of George Floyd by police in the United States on attitudes of Black Londoners: a replication

Amy Nivette, Christof Nägel, Emily Gilbert · 2023 · Police Practice and Research

High-profile incidents of police misconduct can have serious consequences for public trust in the police. A recent study in the British Journal of Political Science found that Eric Garner’s death in NYC lead to more negative attitudes towards the police in London among Black residents compared to White and Asian residents. The current study aimed to replicate this transnational effect by assessing the impact of George Floyd’s death on Londoners’ perceptions of police. Using the same data and methodological approach, we did not replicate the immediate effect on Black Londoners’ attitudes. We di

View details →DOI: 10.1080/15614263.2023.2185241Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Impact of Preexisting Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 6 NS3, NS5A, and NS5B Polymorphisms on theIn VitroPotency of Direct-Acting Antiviral Agents

Fiona McPhee, Joseph Ueland, Vincent Vellucci et al. · 2019 · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

[tested DAAs] of >5,000 nM) and were detected in evaluated GT-6b and -6f sequences. NS5A-L28A-R30A, observed in GT-6r, did not replicate. In conclusion, HCV GT-6b, GT-6f, and GT-6r sequences harbored highly resistant RASs to all evaluated…

View details →DOI: 10.1128/aac.02205-18Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Is there prejudice from thin air? Replicating the effect of emotion on automatic intergroup attitudes

Junhua Dang, Zeynep E. Ekim, Sarah Ohlsson et al. · 2020 · BMC Psychology

BACKGROUND: Previous studies showed that anger, rather than sadness, created automatic intergroup bias in a minimal group context. METHODS: The current research reports a single study (N = 99) aiming to replicate this finding and further to test whether the intergroup bias manifests as ingroup favoritism, outgroup derogation, or both. RESULTS: Our results failed to replicate the effect of anger on automatic bias. Intriguingly, participants across all emotion conditions exhibited high level of ingroup favoritism, but there was little evidence of outgroup derogation. CONCLUSION: These results su

View details →DOI: 10.1186/s40359-020-00414-4Cited by 11
Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Microglia-derived nanovesicles synchronize macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy for Alzheimer’s disease therapy

Min Li, Min Li, Shuang Chen et al. · 2025 · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

Dysregulated autophagy is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet the extent of impairment in macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) remains unclear. Here, we show that both pathways are disrupted in AD model mice, preceding β-amyloid accumulation and driving disease progression. However, therapeutic autophagy modulation is severely restricted by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). To overcome this, we developed Microglia-Liposome Fusion Extrusion (MiLi-FE), a method to engineer microglia-derived nanovesicles (AR@ENV) for the codelivery of AR7 (a CMA inducer) and rapamycin (a mac

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41392-025-02453-yCited by 11
Failed Experiment ReportOpen accessPhysics and Astronomy

Physics basis for the reference flat-top plasma scenario in the ST–E1 fusion power plant

Steven McNamara, S. Abouelazayem, А. И. Алиева et al. · 2026 · Nuclear Fusion

Abstract As part of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Milestone-Based Fusion Energy Development Program, Tokamak Energy has completed the pre-concept design of the ST–E1 fusion power plant. ST–E1 is envisaged to operate in two phases: a pilot plant phase, targeting sustained net power production of 300 − 500 MWe for a duration > 1 hr , followed by a commercial power plant phase targeting steady-state operations and a normalised overnight capital cost of ⩽ 12 000 $ / kWe . The design process adopted was highly iterative, integrating all major plant systems and progressing i

View details →DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/ae5f33Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Leveraging radiotherapy to improve immunotherapy outcomes: rationale, progress and research priorities

Faith Hartley, Martin A. Ebert, Alistair Cook · 2025 · Clinical & Translational Immunology

The most successful immunotherapies for solid malignancies to date, immune checkpoint inhibitors, target the essential role of T cells in antitumor immunity. However, T-cell dysfunction presents a major hindrance to treatment efficacy, warranting research into combined treatment strategies for improving outcomes. The use of radiotherapy for this purpose has garnered much interest. Preclinical study has established that radiotherapy activates various immune mechanisms to improve T-cell activation, localisation and function within tumors, which improves response to immune checkpoint inhibitors.

View details →DOI: 10.1002/cti2.70030Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Should we use automated external defibrillators in hospital wards?

Mélissa De Regge, Koenraad G. Monsieurs, K. Vandewoude et al. · 2012 · PubMed

Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) have shown to improve survival after cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) in many, but not all clinical settings. A recent study reported that the use of AEDs in-hospital did not improve survival. The…

View details →DOI: 10.2143/acb.67.4.2062666Cited by 11
Replication FailureOpen accessNeuroscience

Pridopidine in early-stage manifest Huntington’s disease: a phase 3 trial

Ralf Reilmann, Andrew Feigin, Anne Rosser et al. · 2025 · Nature Medicine

Huntington's disease (HD) is a rare, neurodegenerative disorder for which only symptomatic treatments are available. The PROOF-HD study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of pridopidine, a selective Sigma-1 receptor agonist, in HD. The primary and key secondary endpoints, change in total functional capacity (TFC) and composite Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (cUHDRS) score at week 65, were not met in the overall population. The TFC least-squares mean difference between pridopidine and placebo was -0.18 (95% confidence i

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41591-025-03920-3Cited by 11
Replication FailureOpen accessChemistry

Herbify: an ensemble deep learning framework integrating convolutional neural networks and vision transformers for precise herb identification

Farhan Sheth, Ishika Chatter, Manvendra Jasra et al. · 2025 · Plant Methods

Herbs have historically been central to medicinal practices, representing one of the earliest forms of therapeutic intervention. While synthetic drugs are often highly effective in treating acute conditions, their use is frequently…

View details →DOI: 10.1186/s13007-025-01421-5Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Eco-evolutionary dynamics lead to functionally robust and redundant communities

Lorenzo Fant, Iuri Macocco, Jacopo Grilli · 2026 · PLoS Computational Biology

Microbial communities are taxonomically diverse and variable: species presence and abundances widely fluctuate over time, space, and even across biological replicates under controlled experimental conditions. However, environmental conditions exert strong selection on the traits of community members and their functions. Similar environmental conditions are expected to produce functionally similar communities. This environmental selection, combined with taxonomic variability, leads to the influential concept of functional redundancy - the idea that many species can perform the same function, al

View details →DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1014437Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Efficacy of an appropriate point-of-use water treatment intervention for low-income communities in India utilizing Moringa oleifera, sari-cloth filtration and solar UV disinfection

Syed Imran Ali, Morgan C. MacDonald, J. Jincy et al. · 2011 · Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development

This study investigated the efficacy of a POU water treatment system featuring sari-cloth filtration and/or Moringa oleifera coagulation as pre-treatments for solar disinfection (SODIS). Surface water from a peri-urban slum in Chennai,…

View details →DOI: 10.2166/washdev.2011.043Cited by 11
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Eight-Week Supplementation With Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 and Functional Constipation

Jing Cheng, Carl Gao, Reeta Ala‐Jaakkola et al. · 2024 · JAMA Network Open

Importance: Probiotic supplementation may improve bowel movements. However, large, properly designed studies are lacking. Objective: To evaluate the potential benefit of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp lactis HN019 on constipation,…

View details →DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.36888Cited by 11