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Failure-mode index

Search what already failed

A searchable index of real negative results, null findings, and replication failures from the published literature — so you can learn what didn't work before repeating it.

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record (title, authors, DOI) compiled from open scholarly databases, with the abstract shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed (e.g. Creative Commons); otherwise a short excerpt is shown for reference under fair use. WASTE classifies each work by failure type; classifications are automated and approximate.

20217 results in Negative / Null Result Report · page 149 of 674

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Advancing the psychology of social class with large-scale replications in four countries

Anatolia Batruch, Nicolas Sommet, Frédérique Autin · 2025 · Nature Human Behaviour

Abstract Theoretical models have been developed to understand how social class influences individual thoughts, feelings and behaviours. However, the validity of these models is threatened by the prevailing use of small, non-diverse samples and flexible measurement practices. We preregistered replications of 35 key hypotheses from 17 correlational and 5 experimental studies, and collected large, quota-based or probability samples from the USA, France, Switzerland and India ( N total = 33,536). Our analysis yielded three central findings: (1) ~50% of the effects were successfully replicated; (2)

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41562-025-02234-1Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBusiness, Management and Accounting

Market competitiveness and corporate ESG performance

T. Zhang, Chuan Qin, Zhaoying Lu · 2025 · International Review of Economics & Finance

This study investigates the relationship between firm-level market competitiveness and corporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance, with a particular focus on the underlying mechanisms and moderating factors…

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.iref.2025.104201Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental Science

Association Between Living Environmental Factors and Stroke in Middle‐Aged and Older Chinese Adults: A Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study

Xinyue Huang, Bowen Yang, Nating Liu et al. · 2026 · Journal of the American Heart Association

BACKGROUND: The synergistic effects of multiple environmental factors on stroke remain unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between multiple living environment factors and stroke in middle-aged and older Chinese…

View details →DOI: 10.1161/jaha.125.043867Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Nous-209 neoantigen vaccine for cancer prevention in Lynch syndrome carriers: a phase 1b/2 trial

Anna Morena D’Alise, Jason Willis, Fahriye Duzagac et al. · 2026 · Nature Medicine

Cancer interception is a preventative approach aiming to reduce cancer incidence by targeting precancers and early-stage cancers. Lynch syndrome (LS) is a prevalent hereditary cancer syndrome affecting ~1 in 300 individuals, with an…

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41591-025-04182-9Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology

An SPP1-SOCS1 pathway constrains interferon responses in tumor-associated macrophages and shapes an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment

Liangzhan sun, Xiaojing Chu, Tingting Kong et al. · 2026 · Immunity

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) can suppress antitumor immunity and reduce responses to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Here, we asked how TAM programs contribute to ICB non-response. Integration of public single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets across 12 cancer types identified SPP1 + TAMs as a tumor-enriched macrophage subset with immunosuppressive features. TAMs from ICB non-responders across multiple tumor types exhibited higher SPP1 expression. In murine models, macrophage Spp1 deletion suppressed tumor growth and prolonged survival and was associated with a remodeled tumor

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2026.04.001Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences

Bioremediation of Synthetic Dyes by White-Rot Fungi: Enzymatic Mechanisms, Biosorption, and Environmental Applications

Anna Carolina Bruno Ferreira, Ygor Velloso Tavares, Nina Rezende Fontana et al. · 2026 · Molecules

The widespread utilization of synthetic dyes within the textile industry, driven by their chemical recalcitrance and diverse chromatic spectra, constitutes a significant global environmental challenge. Improper discharge of these highly stable effluents into natural water bodies leads to severe ecological imbalances, affecting aquatic life and soil integrity while posing indirect risks to human health due to their mutagenic potential. Conventional physicochemical treatment methods are often hindered by prohibitive operational costs and the frequent generation of hazardous secondary pollutants.

View details →DOI: 10.3390/molecules31071085Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

How Does Turning to AI for Companionship Predict Loneliness and Vice Versa?

Dunigan Parker Folk, Elizabeth Dunn · 2026 · Psychological Science

Advances in AI have enabled chatbots to provide warm, personalized support. Yet little is known about the long-term consequences of AI companionship. Across a 12-month longitudinal study with more than 2,000 adults from four Western…

View details →DOI: 10.1177/09567976261427747Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Infectious spondylodiscitis: Epidemiology, diagnosis, microbiological findings, clinical features and outcomes in a 14-year retrospective study

Jacopo Conti, Nicholas Geremia, Stefano Di Bella et al. · 2025 · European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases

PURPOSE: To describe the epidemiology, diagnosis, microbiological findings, clinical features, and outcomes of infectious spondylodiscitis (IS). METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 98 IS patients (2010-2023 - Trieste Hospital). Clinical, radiological, and microbiological data analysed, multivariate logistic regression assessed risk factors for poor outcomes. RESULTS: The incidence of IS was 3 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year. Pyogenic infections accounted for 54% of cases, tuberculosis for 10%, while 35% remained of unknown etiology. Back pain (79%) and fever (72%) were the most common sy

View details →DOI: 10.1007/s10096-025-05292-5Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Oestradiol and reproductive outcomes in ART: when too much of a good thing hurts

Mathilde Bourdon, Chloé Maignien, Marion Ouazana et al. · 2025 · Reproductive BioMedicine Online

Oestradiol plays a crucial role in reproduction, particularly in assisted reproductive technology (ART), where it can reach supraphysiological concentrations. These fluctuations occur during ovarian stimulation in fresh embryo transfer cycles and during endometrial preparation for frozen embryo transfer, potentially impacting implantation and perinatal outcomes. Oestradiol influences endometrial proliferation, receptivity, implantation and placentation, with the sensitivity of the endometrium to systemic oestrogen emerging as a key determinant of reproductive success. In fresh embryo transfer

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2025.105131Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The role of microbiota dysbiosis in Parkinson’s disease: Pathophysiology and therapeutic opportunities

Shabnam Santos, Ivonne Salinas, Nicolás Almeida et al. · 2025 · Engineering Microbiology

ABSTRACT Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by debilitating motor and non-motor symptoms. Its etiology is multifactorial, with no single definitive cause identified, although aging…

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.engmic.2025.100222Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEngineering

Environmental and economic assessment of biochar production systems from agricultural residues

Yuzhou Tang, Judith S. Ford, Tim T. Cockerill · 2026 · Biochar

Abstract The agricultural sector urgently requires scalable solutions to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from residue management. Biochar offers a promising carbon removal pathway, but its adoption is limited by technical, regulatory, and economic barriers. A key constraint is the lack of system designs that can accommodate multiple feedstocks while complying with land application regulations. This study designs and evaluates an integrated biochar production system that enables the separate processing of straw and manure through parallel pyrolysis lines, while optimising internal energy

View details →DOI: 10.1007/s42773-025-00527-2Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Efficacy and Safety of Digitalis Glycosides in Heart Failure

Kevin Damman, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Johann Bauersachs et al. · 2026 · JAMA

Importance: Digitalis glycosides may be used as additional therapy in patients with heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF) or HF with reduced EF (HFrEF). Objective: To assess the effect of digitalis glycosides on…

View details →DOI: 10.1001/jama.2026.7886Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics and Astronomy

Search for light sterile neutrinos with two neutrino beams at MicroBooNE

P. Abratenko, D. Andrade Aldana, Luciano Arellano et al. · 2025 · Nature

Abstract The existence of three distinct neutrino flavours, ν e , ν μ and ν τ , is a central tenet of the Standard Model of particle physics 1,2 . Quantum-mechanical interference can allow a neutrino of one initial flavour to be detected sometime later as a different flavour, a process called neutrino oscillation. Several anomalous observations inconsistent with this three-flavour picture have motivated the hypothesis that an additional neutrino state exists, which does not interact directly with matter, termed as ‘sterile’ neutrino, ν s (refs. 3–9 ). This includes anomalous observations from

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-09757-7Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

EEG-based classification of alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia using functional connectivity

Tjaša Mlinarič, Arne Van Den Kerchove, Zoe I. Barinaga et al. · 2026 · Scientific Reports

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are two major causes of dementia, with overlapping clinical and pathophysiological characteristics. We investigated whether resting-state EEG functional connectivity could distinguish AD, FTD, and healthy controls (HC) using a stacked ensemble learning approach. A publicly available dataset (openneuro.org/datasets/ds004504) was used to extract multiple connectivity metrics across frequency bands. Base classifiers were trained using the Fisher’s Geodesic Minimum Distance to Mean (FgMDM) approach with Euclidean or Riemannian dis

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-35316-9Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Effects and Acceptability of a 1-Week Home-Based Virtual Reality Training for Supporting the Management of Stress and Anxiety: Randomized Pilot Trial

Federica Pallavicini, Eleonora Francesca Orena, Lisa Arnoldi et al. · 2024 · JMIR Serious Games

BACKGROUND: Virtual reality (VR) is helpful for the management of stress and anxiety. However, current interventions have limitations related to location (ie, therapist's office or hospitals) and content (ie, virtual experiences only for relaxation). OBJECTIVE: This randomized pilot trial aims to investigate the efficacy and acceptability of a brief remote VR-based training for supporting stress and anxiety management in a sample of Italian health care workers. METHODS: A total of 29 doctors and nurses (n=21; 72% female; mean age 35.6, SD 10.3 years) were recruited and randomized to a VR inter

View details →DOI: 10.2196/50326Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Exploring Teachers’ Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge in Utilising Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Teaching

Muhammad Haziq Saharuddin, M. Khalid M. Nasir, Muhammad Sofwan Mahmud · 2025 · International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research

Technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) is a theory that describes the knowledge and skills required by a teacher to integrate technology into their teaching. This study aimed to identify the level of TPACK among primary school…

View details →DOI: 10.26803/ijlter.24.1.7Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBusiness, Management and Accounting

Are we on the same wavelength? Supervisor-subordinate cognitive style congruence and its association with supervisors’ self-awareness through leader member exchange

Faisal AlReshaid, Alper Ertürk, Razan Alkhayyat et al. · 2025 · Frontiers in Psychology

Introduction: Leaders' self-awareness is essential to leadership effectiveness. Cognitive styles-how individuals perceive and process information-are key factors in fostering self-awareness. Drawing on Social Identity Theory (SIT), this study explores whether cognitive style congruence between supervisors and subordinates enhances supervisors' self-awareness, and whether Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) mediates this relationship. Methods: We used a time-lagged dyadic design and multilevel polynomial regression to analyze data from 189 subordinates and 36 supervisors. Cognitive styles were measure

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1583837Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics and Astronomy

The ACT-DR5 MCMF galaxy cluster catalog

Matthias Klein, J. J. Mohr, C. T. Davies · 2024 · Astronomy and Astrophysics

Galaxy clusters are useful cosmological probes and interesting astrophysical laboratories. As the cluster samples continue to grow in size, a deeper understanding of the sample characteristics and improved control of systematics becomes more crucial. For this analysis we created a new and larger ACT-DR5-based thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Effect- (tSZE-) selected galaxy cluster catalog with improved control over sample purity and completeness. We employed the red sequence based cluster redshift and confirmation tool MCMF together with optical imaging data from the Legacy Survey DR-10 and infrared

View details →DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202451203Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

People choose to receive human empathy despite rating AI empathy higher

Joshua D Wenger, C. Daryl Cameron, Michael Inzlicht · 2026 · Communications Psychology

Recent advances in AI have enabled large language models to produce expressions that seem empathetic to human users, raising scientific and ethical questions about how people perceive and choose between human and AI sources of emotional support. Although an increasing number of studies have examined how people rate empathy generated by AI, little to no work has examined whether people would choose to receive empathy from AI. We conducted four studies investigating whether people prefer to receive empathetic expressions from humans or AI, and how they evaluate these expressions. Across diverse

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00387-3Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Blockchain and Biometrics: Survey, GDPR Analysis, and Future Directions

Mahdi Ghafourian, BILGESU SUMER, Rubén Vera-Rodríguez et al. · 2026 · Computers

Biometric recognition, as an efficient and hard-to-forge method of identification and verification, has become an indispensable part of the current digital world. Meanwhile, blockchain has been widely received by both research and industry. Researchers have started to speculate on the pros and cons when these two technologies cross paths. This paper provides a survey of the literature on the combination of blockchain and biometrics and includes a first legal analysis of this integration based on GDPR. Although the integration of blockchain technology into the biometric sector is still in its i

View details →DOI: 10.3390/computers15100716Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence by Nanocatalyst-Supported Nanochannel–Surfactant Micelle Assembly for Ultrasensitive Detection of Rifampicin

Jiahui Lin, Zhongping Mao, Fei Yan · 2026 · Biosensors

Developing an ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection platform remains challenging due to the limited enrichment efficiency of ECL emitters and co-reactants at the electrode interface, as well as the insufficient catalytic enhancement of co-reactant conversion. Moreover, simultaneous in situ analyte enrichment and efficient anti-interference capability are often difficult to achieve in a single sensing interface. Herein, a new ECL platform was developed based on nanocatalyst-supported nanochannel-confined surfactant micelle (SM) system, which integrates an enhanced luminol-diss

View details →DOI: 10.3390/bios16050236Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics and Astronomy

Complexity factor induced traversable wormhole models: monopole signatures and the quest for stability

Asifa Ashraf, M. Yousaf, Chengxun Yuan et al. · 2026 · The European Physical Journal C

Abstract In this draft, we investigate constant redshift function Morris–Thorne-like traversable wormhole (WH) models which described as a relativistic static fluid distribution in Schwarzschild-type coordinates with a topological global monopole charge under the influence of D -dimensional Einstein gravity. In this scenario we consider three distinct shape functions, while matter sector is supported by anisotropic fluid configuration. We show some basic criteria for the viability of all three shape function models, the radial null energy condition is generally violated while tangential compon

View details →DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-15351-6Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences

Continental-scale drivers of soil microbial extracellular polymeric substances

Ke Shi, Qing Zheng, Baorong Wang et al. · 2026 · Nature Communications

Abstract Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are key microbial residues that contribute to soil organic carbon (SOC) and promote soil aggregation. Yet, their abundance and large-scale controls have only begun to be investigated. We conduct extensive soil sampling across a European transect spanning diverse climates, bedrocks, and land uses. Average soil EPS content is 956 ± 55 µg g -1 soil ( n = 92 sites), with EPS-carbon (EPS-C) contributing 1.6 ± 0.1% to SOC. Bedrock influences EPS content, EPS-C contribution to SOC, and the EPS-C/microbial biomass carbon (MBC) ratio, whereas land use m

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-70068-0Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEconomics, Econometrics and Finance

Innovation under dual policies: The impact of R&D subsidies and emissions trading on green patenting in Sweden

Jessica Coria, Jūratė Jaraitė · 2025 · Research Policy

This paper examines whether the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) and innovation subsidies interact to enhance green innovation at the firm level. Using staggered difference-in-differences and matched samples, we find no evidence of synergetic effects: firms subject to both the EU ETS and innovation subsidies do not outperform those subject only to subsidies in terms of green patenting outcomes. By contrast, subsidies alone have a clear positive impact on green innovation. Firms receiving subsidies generate more green patents, receive more citations, and develop technologies with greater te

View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2025.105378Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDecision Sciences

The AI Review Lottery: Widespread AI-Assisted Peer Reviews Boost Paper Scores and Acceptance Rates

Giuseppe Russo, Manoel Horta Ribeiro, Tim R. Davidson et al. · 2025 · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction

Journals and conferences worry that peer reviews assisted by artificial intelligence (AI), in particular, large language models (LLMs), may negatively influence the validity and fairness of the peer-review system, a cornerstone of modern…

View details →DOI: 10.1145/3757667Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDentistry

Oral pathogens meet the gut microbiome: new mechanistic insights on systemic disease

Guowu Gan, Ruonan Chen, Peining Zheng et al. · 2026 · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology

The oral-gut axis represents a critical bidirectional pathway linking oral microbiota to systemic health. Dysbiosis of the oral microbiome, driven by pathogens like Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus species, and Helicobacter pylori, disrupts gut ecology via direct translocation, metabolite signaling (e.g., TMAO, SCFAs), and immune crosstalk (e.g., Th17). This leads to gut barrier dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and metabolic disturbances, contributing to diverse diseases beyond the oral cavity. Evidence supports causal links with conditions including rheumato

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1673512Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Modulation in Growth, Yield, Water Relations, and Mineral Nutrients of Canola ( Brassica napus L.) by Foliar Application of Melatonin and Ascorbic Acid Under Salinity Stress

Tahrim Ramzan, Muhammad Shahbaz, Farooq Ahmad et al. · 2026 · New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science

Salinity stress is a major abiotic factor that inhibits plant growth and yield. This study's objective was to evaluate how foliar applications of melatonin and ascorbic acid affected canola varieties under salt stress. The treatments of…

View details →DOI: 10.1002/nzc2.70003Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Decaying and expanding Erk gradients process memory of skeletal size during zebrafish fin regeneration

Ashley Rich, Ziqi Li, Alessandro De Simone et al. · 2026 · Nature Physics

Amputated salamander limbs or fish fins precisely regenerate to their pre-injury size, providing a paradigm for positional memory. Although this phenomenon has been appreciated for centuries, how position-dependent cues control tissue…

View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41567-026-03426-wCited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

The role of metacognitive awareness as mediator and moderator in the nexus between self-regulated learning and mathematics achievement

Isaac Davor, Francis Ohene Boateng, Franco Osei-Wusu et al. · 2026 · Cogent Education

This study examines the mediating and moderating role of metacognitive awareness in the relationship between self-regulated learning and mathematics achievement of university students in Ghana. Although self-regulated learning has attracted attention as a predictor of academic performance, few studies have examined how metacognitive awareness interacts with self-regulated learning to influence mathematics achievement in the Ghanaian context. A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed. Data were collected from 315 university students, representing a population of 3,240, using a structur

View details →DOI: 10.1080/2331186x.2026.2661434Cited by 10
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessAgricultural and Biological Sciences

Probiotics and human health: biological activities, nutritional aspects, immunomodulatory properties, applications, and future perspectives - a comprehensive review

Mohamed T. El‐Saadony, Ahmed Mohamed Saad, Mahmoud Zaki Sitohy et al. · 2026 · Frontiers in Immunology

Probiotics, defined as living microorganisms, are widely recognized for their ability to positively influence the gut microbiota, an effect increasingly linked to a wide array of health benefits. They are claimed to treat or prevent conditions ranging from infant colic to cardiovascular disease, respiratory infections, and certain cancers. Since the beginning of the 21st century, consumer demand for probiotic-enriched foods has risen significantly, propelled by these health assertions. The consumption of such products has been associated with the alleviation of disorders, including irritable b

View details →DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1713426Cited by 10