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19,879 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures · Negative / Null Result Report. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEcology

Impact of Canopy Openness on Forest Regeneration and Forest Soil Nutrients

Pratik Ojha, Radha Kandel · 2025 · Ecology and Evolution

ABSTRACT Canopy structure plays a critical role in regulating forest regeneration and soil nutrient dynamics, yet its specific effects remain insufficiently understood in the subtropical forests of Nepal. This study investigates the impact of canopy openness on forest regeneration and soil nutrients in six Shorea robusta‐dominated mixed community forests within the Chure region of Makawanpur District, Nepal. A total of 90 sample plots for regeneration assessment and 45 soil samples were systematically distributed across three canopy classes—dense (70%–100%), moderate (40%–70%), and open (10%–4

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDiseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology

The Role of Circulating Slit2, the One of the Newly Batokines, in Human Diabetes Mellitus

Yea Eun Kang, Sorim Choung, Ju Hee Lee et al. · 2017 · Endocrinology and Metabolism

BackgroundSlit2 is a new secreted protein from adipose tissue that improves glucose hemostasis in mice; however, there is no study about the serum levels and precise role of Slit2 in human. The aim of this study is to explore the serum level of Slit2 in human, and to identify the role of Slit2 in diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodsThe participants of this study consist of 38 subjects with newly diagnosed DM, and 75 healthy subjects as a control group. Serum Slit2 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Relationship between circulating Slit2 and diabetic related factors was

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPublic aspects of medicine

The Effect of Audiovisual Media Based Education on Changes in Adolescent's Attitudes Related to Cigarette Advertising

Rengga Dwija Prasetya, Fenny Etrawati, Yeni Yeni et al. · 2021 · Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Smoking behavior among adolescents is increasing. This condition is partly influenced by the incessant advertisements for cigarettes that offer expectations that are the opposite of their impact. This study aims to determine the effect of audiovisual media-based education in the context of changing adolescent attitudes towards cigarette advertisements. The study design used was a Quasi Experiment with a Pretest-Posttest with Control Group. The research subjects were college adolescents (students) with a total of 25 people in the intervention group and 25 in the control group. Data were analyze

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental sciences

Determination of Hippuric Acid and Methylhippuric Acid Isomers in the Urine of Gas Stations Workers

Seyed Mohammad Ebrahimi, Zahra Nazari-Khorasgani, Heibatullah Kalantari et al. · 2021 · Journal of Advances in Environmental Health Research

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration levels of hippuric acid and 2, 3, 4- methyl hippuric acid isomers as biological indicators of exposure to toluene and xylene isomers in the urine of the gas stations workers of Ahvaz, Iran.Methods: The urine sample was taken the first time in January and the second time in June 2018. Eight gas stations were selected in Ahvaz, Khuzestan Province, Iran. The study sample was 24 males; three workers participated in the study from each gas station. Two workers in each gas station served as the exposed group, and one secretary

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens

Optimizing lung cancer surgery in the elderly: sublobar resection versus lobectomy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients aged 80 and above

Jianfeng Li, Hongjie Zhu, Nanzhi Luo et al. · 2024 · Discover Oncology

Abstract The optimal surgical approach for elderly patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a topic of debate. A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent pulmonary resection for early-stage NSCLC at our single institution between January 2018 and December 2022. Propensity score matching was used to balance baseline characteristics between the sublobar resection and lobectomy groups. Perioperative outcomes, pulmonary function recovery, postoperative quality of life, and survival were compared between the two groups. A total of 151 patients were

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessForestry

Palatability of Norway spruce needles infected with Lophodermium piceae to larvae of two sawfly species

Michael M. Müller, Leena Hamberg, Martti Varama · 2023 · Silva Fennica

Unequivocal evidence on the antagonistic effects of endophytic fungi associated with woody plants against insect herbivores has been documented in only a few cases so far. Experimental evidence of the significance of needle endophytes to coniferous trees has remained scant because it is difficult to obtain trees with needles free of endophytes that could be used as comparable controls for trees infected with endophytes. Previously we reported a new methodology to get Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) saplings without needle endophytes and to inoculate them with a needle endophyte Lophode

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Thyroid stimulating hormone levels in cord blood are not influenced by non-thyroidal mothers' diseases

Laura Sterian Ward, Ilda Shizue Kunii, Rui Monteiro de Barros Maciel · 2000 · São Paulo Medical Journal

CONTEXT: Screening programs not only offer the opportunity to trace and treat almost all cases of congenital hypothyroidism but also mean large savings to the health system. However, carefully planned strategies are necessary to extend their benefits and reduce costs. OBJECTIVE: To determine the possible influence of maternal diseases that affect maternal-fetal placenta dynamics on primary thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) screening for congenital hypothyroidism. DESIGN: Prospective non-randomized clinical trial with at least 3 months of follow-up. SETTING: A public university referral center

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Women and men diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome – sex-related differences

Magdalena Dudek, Marta Kałużna-Oleksy, Jacek Migaj et al. · 2018 · Journal of Medical Science

Background. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most important causes of death in both men and women. There are many gender differences among patients with CAD, including risk factors and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) outcomes. The latest reports showed that mortality due to CAD is higher in women than in men. Cardiac biomarkers play an important role in risk stratification and choice of treatment strategy in patients with ACS, however some of cardiac biomarkers show worse sensitivity and specificity in women. Aim. The aim was to investigate the sex-related differences in patients with

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSurgery

Débito cardíaco e fração de ejeção fetal por meio do spatio-temporal image correlation (STIC): comparação entre fetos masculinos e femininos Fetal cardiac output and ejection fraction by spatio-temporal image correlation (STIC): comparison between male and female fetuses

Christiane Simioni, Edward Araujo Júnior, Wellington P. Martins et al. · 2012 · Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

OBJETIVO: Comparar do débito cardíaco (DC) e a fração de ejeção (FE) do coração de fetos masculinos e femininos obtidos por meio da ultrassonografia tridimensional, utilizando o spatio-temporal image correlation (STIC). MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um estudo de corte transversal com 216 fetos normais, entre 20 a 34 semanas de gestação, sendo 108 masculinos e 108 femininos. Os volumes ventriculares no final da sístole e diástole foram obtidos por meio do STIC, sendo as avaliações volumétricas realizadas pelo virtual organ computer-aided analysis (VOCAL) com rotação de 30º. Para o cálculo do DC utilizou

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDiseases of the genitourinary system. Urology

Serum estradiol levels decrease after oophorectomy in transmasculine individuals on testosterone therapy

Sahil Kumar, Elise Bertin, Cormac O'Dwyer et al. · 2023 · Asian Journal of Andrology

Transmasculine individuals, considering whether to undergo total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingectomy, have the option to have a concomitant oophorectomy. While studies have evaluated hormone changes following testosterone therapy initiation, most of those patients have not undergone oophorectomy. Data are currently limited to support health outcomes regarding the decision to retain or remove the ovaries. We performed a retrospective chart review of transmasculine patients maintained on high-dose testosterone therapy at a single endocrine clinic in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Twe

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurology. Diseases of the nervous system

A binational study of the association between white matter hyperintensities and functional outcome in stroke patients

Eva B. Aamodt, Martin Røvang, Mona K. Beyer et al. · 2026 · Frontiers in Neurology

BackgroundMeasures of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) represent a crucial part of post-stroke outcome prediction. Automatic WMH segmentation has proven particularly challenging in stroke cases. Using an improved method for WMH segmentation that incorporates stroke lesions, we set out to explore factors associated with higher WMH burden, as well as the association between WMH burden and post-stroke dependency across two different countries that may demonstrate significant variation in radiological presentation.MethodsA total of 384 acute ischemic stroke (AIS) survivors from the Norwegian C

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBusiness

Pembingkaian Pesan Dan Persepsi Risiko Psikologis Pada Isu Konsumen Hijau

Euis Soliha, H. Sophiyanto Wuryan · 2016 · Jurnal Manajemen Teori dan Terapan

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of the message framing on the perceived psychological risk on green environmental issues. Consumers nowadays have become more critical about issues on green consumer due to the increasing levels of consumers’ knowledge. Government and marketers also should perform active movement to increase consumers’ awareness of their environment. Those include giving a message to the consumers. When marketers deliver the message, they need to concern about message framing. Message framing is likely to influence the consumer's perception. Research design

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNursing

The impact of training on the application of palliative methods for labor pain reduction

Geranmayeh M, Rezaeipour A, Haghani H et al. · 2006 · حیات

Background & Aim: The severe pain of labor is the important cause of fear and anxiety in pregnant women. This study has been performed to evaluate effect of education on midwives practice. Methods & Materials: This is a quasi-experimental study. That was done 59 midwives in the labor wards of non-educational of Guilan University of Medical Sciences Hospital. Data gathered by a questioner, which its validity was done by panel of experts and reliability by test-retest. 59 midwives were chosen by quota sampling and participated in a one-day workshop. Pretest and post-test questioner completed bef

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurology. Diseases of the nervous system

Comparison of Compliance Rates and Classification of Epileptic Seizures with ILAE 1981, Lüders, ILAE 2001 Epilepsy Classification Systems, Before and After Their Monitorization

Akçay ÖVÜNÇ ÖZÖN, Erhan BİLİR · 2015 · Archives of Epilepsy

Objectives:Epileptic seizures diagnosed wth clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) signs were classified according to ILAE 1981, Lüders, and ILAE 2001 systems in the present study, the aim of which was to compare classification systems by means of preictal and postictal consistency, and to determine deficiencies of the classification systems.Methods:In the present study, 50 patients who had epileptic seizures during monitorization were evaluated by a single observer at the Gazi University Medical Faculty Long-Term Video-EEG Monitorization Unit between March 2003 and September 2004. Seizure

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Manipulating self and other schemas to explore psychological processes associated with paranoid beliefs: an online experimental study

Anton P. Martinez, Elizabeth Milne, Georgina Rowse et al. · 2025 · Frontiers in Psychology

BackgroundInformation about the self and others is organized in cognitive-affective structures that influence and guide interpersonal behavior. These structures are referred to as relational schemas and are thought to be influenced by early interpersonal experiences with significant others leading to secure or insecure attachment patterns as adults. When insecure, these patterns appear to contribute to paranoid interpretations about the intentions of others by indirect pathways such as negative self-esteem and a bias toward untrustworthiness. Experimental studies employing classical conditioni

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessConsciousness. Cognition

Is Mental Effort Exertion Contagious? A Replication Study

Alessandro Mazza, Ellen Voorrips, Gethin Hughes et al. · 2025 · Journal of Cognition

Daily, we perform activities in the presence of others (e.g., office work). While it’s well-established that the mere presence of others can influence our performance, it is less clear whether others’ performance, rather than just their presence, influences us. To address this, we replicated Desender et al.’s (2016) study, Is mental effort contagious?, and conducted a second experiment to follow up on our failure to replicate their findings. Desender et al. (2016) used a modified joint Simon task where two participants performed side by side. The manipulated participant completed an easy (most

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry

Changes in H-Reflex Recruitment After Trans-Spinal Direct Current Stimulation With Multiple Electrode Configurations

Alexander Kuck, Alexander Kuck, Dick F. Stegeman et al. · 2018 · Frontiers in Neuroscience

Trans-spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) is an electro-modulatory tool with possible application in the rehabilitation of spinal cord injury. TsDCS generates a small electric field, aiming to induce lasting, functional neuromodulation in the targeted neuronal networks. Earlier studies have shown significant modulatory effects after application of lumbar tsDCS. However, for clinical application, a better understanding of application specific factors is required. Our goal was to investigate the effect of different electrode configurations using lumbar spinal tsDCS on spinal excitability.

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiotechnology

BMP9 attenuates microgravity-related disuse osteoporosis by modulating TGFβ and BMP signaling

Haoyang Zhao, Mengfan Yang, Yujiao Liu et al. · 2025 · npj Microgravity

Abstract Disuse osteoporosis, caused by mechanical unloading, is linked to dysregulated TGFβ and BMP signaling. This study explores their roles and evaluates BMP9 as a potential therapy. A hindlimb unloading (HLU) mouse model was used to assess bone changes and signaling alterations. In vitro, a Rotary Cell Culture System (RCCS) with 3D printing simulated microgravity. BMP9 was overexpressed in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and osteocytes treated with TGFβ1. HLU mice showed reduced bone density, microstructural integrity, and dysregulated signaling (increased p-Smad2/3, decreased p-Smad1/5

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry

Intermodal Priming of Cognitive Conflict? A Failed Replication of Mager et al. (2009)

Daniel Wiswede, Jascha Rüsseler · 2021 · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

Introduction: The present study was conducted to verify a promising experimental setup which demonstrated an inversed Stroop-effect (much faster responses for incongruent relative to congruent Stroop trials) following a mismatching tone. In the matching condition, which was an almost exact replication of the original study, participants were required to indicate whether word color and word meaning were matching, whereas in the response conflict condition, instruction was the same as in a classical Stroop task and required the participants to respond to the word color. As in the original study,

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Culture of skeletal myoblasts from human donors aged over 40 years: dynamics of cell growth and expression of differentiation markers

Cherubino Paolo, Sala Andrea, Casalone Rosario et al. · 2005 · Journal of Translational Medicine

Abstract Background Local myogenesis, neoangiogenesis and homing of progenitor cells from the bone marrow appear to contribute to repair of the infarcted myocardium. Implantation into heart tissues of autologous skeletal myoblasts has been associated with improved contractile function in animal models and in humans with acute myocardial ischemia. Since heart infarction is most prevalent in individuals of over 40 years of age, we tested whether culture methods available in our laboratory were adequate to obtain sufficient numbers of differentiated skeletal myoblasts from muscle biopsy specimens

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

NUMANOMO POKYČIO APTIKIMAS: AR GALIME APSIEITI BE SĄMONĖS ĮSITERPIMO?

A. Norvilas, Miller J. C. · 2010 · Psichologija

D. Fernandez-Duque ir I. M. Thornton (2000) tariamai atrado, kad asmuo gali užfiksuoti pakitimą ir be sąmonės įsiterpimo. Tačiau šį atradimą gerokai menkina vienas pačių autorių pripažintas metodologinis trūkumas – kontrolinių bandymų nebuvimas. Siekdami tiksliau nustatyti, ar norint pastebėti pakitimą reikia sąmonės tarpininkavimo, ar jo užfiksavimas gali vykti ir be sąmonės įsiterpimo, dar kartą tyrėme, kaip matomame objekte aptinkamas pasikeitimas, tačiau šį kartą tyrėmė dvejopai: vienu atveju be kontrolinių bandymų, kaip ir D. Fernandez-Duque ir I. M. Thorntonas, o kitu atveju atlikome ir

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessInternal medicine

Association between triglycerides, known risk SNVs and conserved rare variation in SLC25A40 in a multi-ancestry cohort

Elisabeth A. Rosenthal, David R. Crosslin, Adam S. Gordon et al. · 2021 · BMC Medical Genomics

Abstract Background Elevated triglycerides (TG) are associated with, and may be causal for, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and co-morbidities such as type II diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Pathogenic variants in APOA5 and APOC3 as well as risk SNVs in other genes [APOE (rs429358, rs7412), APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster (rs964184), INSR (rs7248104), CETP (rs7205804), GCKR (rs1260326)] have been shown to affect TG levels. Knowledge of genetic causes for elevated TG may lead to early intervention and targeted treatment for CVD. We previously identified linkage and association of a rare, highly cons

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Ultrastructural investigation and in vitro recapitulation of spermatid differentiation in a potential bio-indicator species - The marine invertebrate Galeolaria gemineoa (Polychaeta: Serpulidae).

Yonggang Lu, Robert John Aitken, Minjie Lin · 2017 · PLoS ONE

Galeolaria gemineoa is a sessile broadcast-spawning marine invertebrate, whose spermatozoa have been regarded as a sensitive indicator for water quality monitoring. In this study, 10 steps of spermiogenesis have been identified at the ultrastructural level and this differentiation process has been recapitulated in vitro up to the point of spermiogenesis (step 7-9 spermatids). On completion of the second meiosis, newly formed spermatids were detached from the seminiferous epithelium and released to the lumen of each germinal chamber. These spermatids were present in pairs and interconnected by

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessScience

Does competitive winning increase subsequent cheating?

Andrew M. Colman, Briony D. Pulford, Caren A. Frosch et al. · 2022 · Royal Society Open Science

In this preregistered study, we attempted to replicate and substantially extend a frequently cited experiment by Schurr and Ritov, published in 2016, suggesting that winners of pairwise competitions are more likely than others to steal money in subsequent games of chance against different opponents, possibly because of an enhanced sense of entitlement among competition winners. A replication seemed desirable because of the relevance of the effect to dishonesty in everyday life, the apparent counterintuitivity of the effect, possible problems and anomalies in the original study, and above all t

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessConsciousness. Cognition

Do Children (and Adults) Benefit From a Prediction Error Boost in One-Shot Word Learning?

Chiara Gambi, Jaroslaw R. Lelonkiewicz, Davide Crepaldi · 2024 · Journal of Cognition

Influential theories and computational models suggest error-based learning plays an important role in language acquisition: Children learn new words by generating predictions about upcoming utterances and revising those predictions when they are erroneous. Critically, revising stronger (rather than weaker) predictions should further enhance learning. Although previously demonstrated in adults, such prediction error boost has not been conclusively shown in children. To close this gap, we tested 107 participants between the ages of 5 and 10. We found little evidence that word learning in this ag

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMicrobiology

Live Triple Gene-Deleted Pseudorabies Virus-Vectored Subunit PCV2b and CSFV Vaccine Undergoes an Abortive Replication Cycle in the TG Neurons following Latency Reactivation

Selvaraj Pavulraj, Rhett W. Stout, Daniel B. Paulsen et al. · 2023 · Viruses

Like other alpha herpesviruses, pseudorabies virus (PRV) establishes lifelong latency in trigeminal ganglionic (TG) neurons. Upon stress, the latent viruses in the TG neurons reactivate and are transported anterograde from the neuron cell bodies to the nerve endings in the nasal mucosa, where they replicate and are discharged in the nasal and oral secretions. Consequently, the virus is transmitted to other naïve animals. This cycle of latency and reactivation continues until the animal dies or is slaughtered. We have constructed a PRV triple mutant virus (PRVtmv) and used it as a live subunit

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurology. Diseases of the nervous system

Association study of the vesicular monoamine transporter 1 (VMAT1) gene with schizophrenia in a Japanese population

Arima Kunimasa, Hori Hiroaki, Shizuno Tomoko et al. · 2006 · Behavioral and Brain Functions

Abstract Background Vesicular monoamine transporters (VMATs) mediate accumulation of monoamines such as serotonin, dopamine, adrenaline, and noradrenaline from the cytoplasm into storage organelles. The VMAT1 (alternatively solute carrier family 18: SLC18A1) regulates such biogenic amines in neuroendocrine systems. The VMAT1 gene maps to chromosome 8p21.3, a locus with strong evidence of linkage with schizophrenia. A recent study reported that a non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the gene (Pro4Thr) was associated with schizophrenia. Methods We attempted to replicate this fi

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Causal Link Between Obstructive Uropathy, Estradiol, and Risk of Breast Cancer: Insights From Observational Evidence and Genetic Association Analyses

Hailu Wang, Yingying Dai, Wenhai Pan et al. · 2026 · Medicine Advances

ABSTRACT Background Estradiol, the key endogenous estrogen, reduces the risk of urinary obstruction by smooth muscle relaxation but also increases susceptibility to breast cancer (BC). However, whether estradiol serves as a mechanistic mediator linking urinary tract obstruction and BC remains unclear. This study aimed to determine if there is an association between urinary tract obstruction and the risk of BC and to assess the potential mediating role of systemic estradiol. Methods A case‐control study and survival analysis of Cox regression were conducted using clinical data from the United K

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessScience

Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy of edible oils

Alex Dinovitser, Dimitar G. Valchev, Derek Abbott · 2017 · Royal Society Open Science

Chemical degradation of edible oils has been studied using conventional spectroscopic methods spanning the spectrum from ultraviolet to mid-IR. However, the possibility of morphological changes of oil molecules that can be detected at terahertz frequencies is beginning to receive some attention. Furthermore, the rapidly decreasing cost of this technology and its capability for convenient, in situ measurement of material properties, raises the possibility of monitoring oil during cooking and processing at production facilities, and more generally within the food industry. In this paper, we test

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial sciences (General)

Child well-being as a condition for schoolchildren education and development

Anna V. Stol, Marina R. Serbina · 2026 · Векторы благополучия: экономика и социум

Relevance. Paradigm shift in social policy: from narrow indicators of academic performance to a multidimensional concept of child well-being as a key goal of education. Aim. To test the hypothesis about the effect of subjective perception of child well-being on the educational outcomes of schoolchildren in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Methods. Results of an online survey of schoolchildren in grades 5–11 in the Republic of Bashkortostan (N=25,437, 2025) serve as empirical base. The study used methods of descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation analysis. Results. Contrary to the data

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