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19,814 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures · Negative / Null Result Report. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Examining the reliability and validity of two versions of the Effort-Expenditure for Rewards Task (EEfRT)

Hanno Andreas Ohmann, Niclas Kuper, Jan Wacker · 2022 · PLoS ONE

The Effort-Expenditure for Rewards Task (EEfRT) has gained validity evidence from several studies. However, various modifications have been applied to the original version, which have never been compared systematically. In Study 1, we tested 120 healthy participants to directly compare two versions of the EEfRT. In Study 2, we tested a larger sample of 394 healthy participants to further examine the original EEfRT. We replicated the split-half reliability of both task versions. However, self-reported personality traits (e.g., trait BAS) correlated with only some task performance parameters in

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Large-scale multi-site study shows no association between musical training and early auditory neural sound encoding

Kelly L. Whiteford, Lucas S. Baltzell, Matt Chiu et al. · 2025 · Nature Communications

Musical training has been reported to be associated with enhanced neural processing of sounds, as measured via the frequency following response (FFR), implying the potential for human subcortical neural plasticity. We conducted a…

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Negative / Null Result ReportSocial Sciences

Temporal shifts in Americans’ risk perceptions of the Zika outbreak

Branden B. Johnson, Marcus Mayorga · 2020 · Human and Ecological Risk Assessment An International Journal

Cross-sectional surveys, despite their value, are unable to probe dynamics of risk perceptions over time. An earlier longitudinal panel study of Americans’ views on Ebola risk inspired this partial replication on Americans’ views of Zika…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience

Emotion in Chinese Words Could Not Be Extracted in Continuous Flash Suppression

Kaiwen Cheng, Aolin Ding, Lianfang Jiang et al. · 2019 · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

Previous studies have demonstrated the automatic vigilance effect for faces and pictures and have attributed it to the brain's prioritized unconscious evaluation of early evolutionary stimuli that are critical to survival. Whether this effect exists for evolutionarily more recent stimuli, such as written words, has become the center of much debate. Apparently contradicting results have been reported in different languages, such as Hebrew, English, and Traditional Chinese (TC), with regard to the unconscious processing of emotional words in breaking continuous flash suppression (b-CFS). Our cur

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Gender and task effects of human – machine communication on trusting a Korean intelligent virtual assistant

Sun Kyong Lee, Hyunjin Park, Seoyoung C. Kim · 2024 · Behaviour and Information Technology

This study investigated the impact of task types (functional vs. social) and the gendered voices (female vs. male) of Siri, an intelligent virtual assistant (IVA), on social presence and trust perceptions toward the IVA.In an online…

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Negative / Null Result Report

The Fragility Index of Statistically Significant Findings From Randomized Controlled Trials Comparing the Management Strategies of Anterior Shoulder Instability

Martin S. Davey, Eoghan T. Hurley, Tom R. Doyle et al. · 2022 · The American Journal of Sports Medicine

Background: Debate centering on the management of anterior shoulder instability (ASI) in recent years has led to many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) being published on the topic. The fragility index (FI) has subsequently emerged as a…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEngineering

Assessment of Worn Textile Antennas’ Exposure on the Physiological Parameters and Well-Being of Adults

Khuzairi Masrakin, Hasliza A. Rahim, Ping Jack Soh et al. · 2019 · IEEE Access

This paper presents the assessment of short-term wireless body area network (WBAN) exposure, which is operated at the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band (2.45 GHz) in the vicinity of the human body. The experiment utilizes two popular textile antenna topologies, a planar monopole and a patch antenna as the radiating sources. The objective of this experiment is to investigate whether the exposure from WBAN may influence the physiological parameters (body temperature, blood pressure, and heart rate) and the well-being of the wearer. Counter-balanced, crossover, and the single-blind m

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology

HIV-1 adapts to lost IP6 coordination through second-site mutations that restore conical capsid assembly

Alex B. Kleinpeter, Donna L. Mallery, Nadine Renner et al. · 2024 · Nature Communications

The HIV-1 capsid is composed of capsid (CA) protein hexamers and pentamers (capsomers) that contain a central pore hypothesised to regulate capsid assembly and facilitate nucleotide import early during post-infection. These pore functions are mediated by two positively charged rings created by CA Arg-18 (R18) and Lys-25 (K25). Here we describe the forced evolution of viruses containing mutations in R18 and K25. Whilst R18 mutants fail to replicate, K25A viruses acquire compensating mutations that restore nearly wild-type replication fitness. These compensating mutations, which rescue reverse t

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Negative / Null Result Report

A convolutional neural network-based anthropomorphic model observer for signal-known-statistically and background-known-statistically detection tasks

Minah Han, Jongduk Baek · 2020 · Physics in Medicine & Biology

Abstract The purpose of this study is implementation of an anthropomorphic model observer using a convolutional neural network (CNN) for signal-known-statistically (SKS) and background-known-statistically (BKS) detection tasks. We conduct…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Genome-wide association study identifies common variants associated with breast cancer in South African Black women

M Hayat, Wenlong Carl Chen, Chantal Babb de Villiers et al. · 2025 · Nature Communications

Abstract Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have characterized the contribution of common variants to breast cancer (BC) risk in populations of European ancestry, however GWAS have not been reported in resident African populations. This GWAS included 2485 resident African BC cases and 1101 population matched controls. Two risk loci were identified, located between UNC13C and RAB27A on chromosome 15 (rs7181788, p = 1.01 × 10 −08 ) and in USP22 on chromosome 17 (rs899342, p = 4.62 × 10 −08 ). Several genome-wide significant signals were also detected in hormone receptor subtype analysis. The

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Negative / Null Result Report

Statistically-Based Trend Analysis of MTInSAR Displacement Time Series

Fabio Bovenga, Guido Pasquariello, Alberto Refice · 2021 · Remote Sensing

Current multi-temporal interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (MTInSAR) datasets cover long time periods with regular temporal sampling. This allows high-rate and non-linear trends to be observed, which typically characterize pre-failure…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Mycophenolic acid pharmacogenomics in kidney transplantation

Fabiana Dalla Vecchia Genvigir, Álvaro Cerda, Thiago Dominguez Crespo Hirata et al. · 2020 · Journal of Translational Genetics and Genomics

Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is a potent antiproliferative drug prescribed to prevent acute rejection in kidney transplantation. MPA reversibly inhibits the enzymes involved in the synthesis of guanosine nucleotides, thus preventing DNA replication of immune cells. Consequently, the repression of both cell and humoral immunity induces renal allograft tolerance. MPA is an effective and safe immunosuppressive drug, but some patients show variability in drug concentration, acute rejection, graft dysfunction, or MPA-related adverse events. Although the pharmacogenomics of immunosuppressive drugs has be

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessHealth Professions

Chemosignalling effects of human tears revisited: Does exposure to female tears decrease males’ perception of female sexual attractiveness?

Asmir Gračanin, Marcel A. L. M. van Assen, Višnja Omrčen et al. · 2016 · Cognition & Emotion

Gelstein et al. reported the results of three experiments suggesting a dampening influence of inhalation of female emotional tears on males' arousal and perception of female sexual attractiveness, specifically in non-sexual situations.…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental Science

Resolving a heated debate: The utility of prescribed burning as a management tool for biodiversity on lowland heath

Barbara Smith, Dan Carpenter, J. M. Holland et al. · 2023 · Journal of Applied Ecology

Abstract Lowland heath is a priority habitat for conservation, nowadays largely managed for biodiversity. Historically, prescribed burning has been the principal management tool, but there are increasing calls to substitute burning with cutting to improve biodiversity outcomes. However, poor understanding of potential impacts compromises decision making. Our study was carried out in the New Forest National Park, the largest area of lowland heath in Europe. Using a multi‐trophic approach, we compared the ecological impact of prescribed burning with two types of vegetation cutting (swiping and b

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Inhibition of Toll-like receptor 4 and Interleukin-1 receptor prevent SARS-CoV-2 mediated kidney injury

Daigo Nakazawa, Yohei Takeda, Masatoshi Kanda et al. · 2023 · Cell Death Discovery

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and severe complication of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) directly affects the glomerular and tubular epithelial cells to induce AKI; however, its pathophysiology remains unclear. Here, we explored the underlying mechanisms and therapeutic targets of renal involvement in COVID-19. We developed an in vitro human kidney cellular model, including immortalized tubular epithelial and endothelial cell lines, demonstrating that SARS-CoV-2 directly triggers cell death. To identify the molecular

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessSocial Sciences

Size, skills, and suffrage: Motivated distortions in perceived formidability of political leaders

Jill E. P. Knapen, Nancy M. Blaker, Thomas V. Pollet · 2017 · PLoS ONE

Research shows that perception of physical size and status are positively associated. The current study was developed to replicate and extend earlier research on height perceptions of political leaders, indicating that supporters perceive their leaders as taller than non-supporters do, and winners are perceived as taller after the elections, while losers are perceived as shorter after the elections (winner/loser effects). Individuals use greater height and strength as indications of greater physical formidability. We hypothesized that in-group leaders' height and strength, but not weight, woul

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Thyroid Autoimmunity and Behçet’s Disease: Is There a Significant Association?

Filiz Cebeci, Nahide Onsun, Ayşe Pekdemir et al. · 2013 · The Scientific World JOURNAL

BACKGROUND: Behcet's disease (BD) could be regarded as an autoimmune disease in many aspects. Autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) is frequently accompanied by other various autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, there is not still enough data showing the association between BD and ATD. In addition, no controlled study is present in the PubMed, which evaluates thyroidal autoimmunity using antithyroid peroxidase antibody in a large series of patients with BD. METHODS: We aimed to investigate the frequency of ATD in patients with BD. The study included 124 patients with BD and 99 age- and sex-matched he

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Autoimmune thyroid disease and urticarial vasculitis: is there a significant association?

Iván Chérrez-Ojeda, Emanuel Vanegas, Valeria L. Mata et al. · 2019 · Allergy Asthma and Clinical Immunology

Little is known about the association of urticarial vasculitis (UV) with thyroid autoimmunity. The latter has been mostly described in the setting of patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). In this letter to the editor, we compare UV and CSU through retrospective analyses, which reveal that 41.7% patients with UV presented antithyroperoxidase (anti-TPO) and/or antithyroglobulin antibody (ATA) above the reference range, while only 4% patients with CSU had these antibodies elevated. There is a moderately strong association assessed by the Phi coefficient (φ = 0.420, p = 0.004). Furthe

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Negative / Null Result Report

Significant geometry and charge difference between the E 5 4− bare clusters of group 14 Zintl anions and their coordinated form in [E 5 {M(CO) 3 } 2 ] 4− (E = Si, Ge, Sn, Pb; M = Cr, Mo, W) complexes

Yasin Gholiee, Sadegh Salehzadeh, Shiva Khodaveisi · 2019 · New Journal of Chemistry

It is shown that while none of the E 5 n (E = Si, Ge, Sn, Pb; n = 0, 2−, 4−) bare clusters can be stabilized in planar pentagon ( D 5h ) geometry, E 5 4− ions as a five-membered planar ring form stable complexes with two {M(CO) 3 } (M =…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Significant associations between bone mineral density and vascular calcification in patients with different stages of chronic kidney disease

Jana Uhlinova, Anne Kuudeberg, Kaja Metsküla et al. · 2022 · BMC Nephrology

INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorders (CKD-MBD) is characterised by generalised vascular calcification (VC) and impaired bone health. We aimed to investigate the relationship between VC and bone mineral density (BMD) in CKD patients. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study of patients with different stages of CKD. For assessment of VC of abdominal aorta lateral lumbar X-rays (Kauppila score), the ankle-brachial index (ABI) and echocardiography were used. Total body densitometry provided BMD. RESULTS: Ninety patients (41% male, median age 64 years (range 29-87))

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Negative / Null Result Report

Daily Intake of Lemna minor or Spinach as Vegetable Does Not Show Significant Difference on Health Parameters and Taste Preference

Jurriaan J. Mes, Diederik Esser, Dianne Somhorst et al. · 2022 · Plant Foods for Human Nutrition

Abstract The growing world population will increase the demand for new sustainable foods and ingredients. Here we studied the safety and tolerance of Lemna minor, a new sustainable vegetable crop from the duckweed family. Twenty-four…

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