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11,309 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Medicine · Negative / Null Result Report. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Replication of H9 influenza viruses in the human ex vivo respiratory tract, and the influence of neuraminidase on virus release

Renee W. Y. Chan, Louisa Chan, Chris Ka Pun Mok et al. · 2017 · Scientific Reports

H9N2 viruses are the most widespread influenza viruses in poultry in Asia. We evaluated the infection and tropism of human and avian H9 influenza virus in the human respiratory tract using ex vivo respiratory organ culture. H9 viruses infected the upper and lower respiratory tract and the majority of H9 viruses had a decreased ability to release virus from the bronchus rather than the lung. This may be attributed to a weak neuraminidase (NA) cleavage of carbon-6-linked sialic acid (Sia) rather than carbon-3-linked Sia. The modified cleavage of N-acetlylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) and N-glycolylne

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Underestimating Calorie Content When Healthy Foods Are Present: An Averaging Effect or a Reference-Dependent Anchoring Effect?

Suzanna Forwood, Amy L. Ahern, Gareth J Hollands et al. · 2013 · PLoS ONE

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have shown that estimations of the calorie content of an unhealthy main meal food tend to be lower when the food is shown alongside a healthy item (e.g. fruit or vegetables) than when shown alone. This effect has been called the negative calorie illusion and has been attributed to averaging the unhealthy (vice) and healthy (virtue) foods leading to increased perceived healthiness and reduced calorie estimates. The current study aimed to replicate and extend these findings to test the hypothesized mediating effect of ratings of healthiness of foods on calorie estimat

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Organ-on-a-Chip Models of the Female Reproductive System: Current Progress and Future Perspectives

Pan Min, Huike Chen, Kai Deng et al. · 2025 · Micromachines

The female reproductive system represents a highly complex regulatory network governing critical physiological functions, encompassing reproductive capacity and endocrine regulation that maintains female physiological homeostasis. The in vitro simulation system provides a novel tool for biomedical research and can be used as physiological and pathological models to study the female reproductive system. Recent advances in this technology have evolved from 2D and 3D printing to organ-on-a-chip (OOC) and microfluidic systems, which has emerged as a transformative platform for modeling the female

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Integrating Artificial Intelligence and PET Imaging for Drug Discovery: A Paradigm Shift in Immunotherapy

Jeremy McGale, Harrison J. Howell, Arnaud Beddok et al. · 2024 · Pharmaceuticals

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has the potential to become a powerful tool in drug discovery. This review aims to provide an overview of the current state of research and highlight the potential for this alliance to advance pharmaceutical innovation by accelerating the development and deployment of novel therapeutics. We previously performed a scoping review of three databases (Embase, MEDLINE, and CENTRAL), identifying 87 studies published between 2018 and 2022 relevant to medical imaging (e.g., CT, PET, MRI), immunotherapy, arti

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Rise of precision medicine: can it deliver on its promise in IBD?

Stefan Schreiber, Konrad Aden, Florian Tran et al. · 2025 · Gut

The clinical and molecular heterogeneity of IBD—both between patients and within the same individual over time—continues to pose a significant challenge to the implementation of truly personalised treatment strategies. Unlike oncology,…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Physical activity for public health in the 21st century

Deborah Salvo, Inácio Crochemore-Silva, Andrea Wendt et al. · 2026 · Nature Medicine

With over 5 million attributed deaths per year, physical inactivity is a major global public health issue. Although the importance of physical activity is well recognized within the scope of obesity and cardiometabolic disease prevention…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Therapeutic Potential of Calcium Channel Blockers in Neuropsychiatric, Endocrine and Pain Disorders

Aarish Manzar, Aleksandar Sič, Crystal E. Banh et al. · 2025 · Cells

Calcium channel blockers (CCBs), originally developed for cardiovascular indications, have gained attention for their therapeutic potential in neuropsychiatric, endocrine, and pain-related disorders. In neuropsychiatry, nimodipine and isradipine, both L-type CCBs, show mood-stabilizing and neuroprotective effects, with possible benefits in depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. In endocrinology, verapamil, a non-dihydropyridine L-type blocker, has been associated with the preservation of pancreatic β-cell function and reduced insulin dependence in diabetes. CCBs may also aid in manag

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Safety and efficacy of valoctocogene roxaparvovec with prophylactic glucocorticoids: 1-year results from the phase 3b, single-arm, open-label GENEr8-3 study

Margareth C. Ozelo, Jane Mason, Amy L. Dunn et al. · 2025 · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis

BACKGROUND: Valoctocogene roxaparvovec, an adeno-associated virus vector that transfers a human factor (F)VIII (FVIII) coding sequence to hepatocytes, provides bleeding protection for people with severe hemophilia A. OBJECTIVES: Determine…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Anatomic Risk Factors for Initial and Secondary Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Prospective Cohort Study in 880 Female Elite Handball and Soccer Players

Yusuke Kamatsuki, Marie Synnøve Qvale, Kathrin Steffen et al. · 2024 · The American Journal of Sports Medicine

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most severe injuries for athletes. It is important to identify risk factors because a better understanding of injury causation can help inform athletes about risk and increase their understanding of and motivation for injury prevention. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between anatomic factors and risk for future noncontact ACL injuries. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 870, excluding 9 players with a new contact ACL injury and a player with a new noncontact ACL injury just before the

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The role of agentic artificial intelligence in healthcare: a scoping review

Bernardo G. Collaco, Syed Ali Haider, Srinivasagam Prabha et al. · 2026 · npj Digital Medicine

Agentic AI represents a promising evolution of artificial intelligence in healthcare, with systems capable of operating autonomously to achieve defined clinical goals. However, the literature lacks conceptual clarity in distinguishing AI…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Long COVID trajectories in the prospectively followed RECOVER-Adult US cohort

Tanayott Thaweethai, Sarah E. Donohue, Jeffrey N. Martin et al. · 2025 · Nature Communications

Longitudinal trajectories of Long COVID remain ill-defined, yet are critically needed to advance clinical trials, patient care, and public health initiatives for millions of individuals with this condition. Long COVID trajectories were…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Home-Based Prehabilitation for Older Surgical Patients With Frailty

Daniel I. McIsaac, Susan M. Lee, Dean Fergusson et al. · 2025 · JAMA Surgery

Importance: Explanatory trials suggest that prehabilitation has efficacy in improving surgical outcomes. The effectiveness of offering home-based prehabilitation across multiple centers and for older adults with frailty remains unknown. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of offering coach-supported, home-based prehabilitation to older surgical patients with frailty. Design, Setting, and Participants: This study is a pragmatic, parallel-arm, multicenter randomized clinical trial with embedded qualitative assessment. Clinicians and assessors were fully blinded; participants were partially

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Pre-existing cross-reactive immunity to highly pathogenic avian influenza 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) virus in the United States

Zhu‐Nan Li, Feng Liu, Yu‐Jin Jung et al. · 2025 · Nature Communications

The unprecedented 2.3.4.4b. A(H5N1) outbreak in dairy cattle, poultry, and spillover to humans in the United States (US) poses a major public health threat. Population immunity is a critical component of influenza pandemic risk assessment. We assessed the pre-existing cross-reactive immunity to 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) viruses and analyzed 1794 sera from 723 people (0.5-88 yrs) in multiple US geographic regions during 2021-2024. Pre-existing neutralizing and hemagglutinin (HA)-head-binding antibodies to A(H5N1) were low, but there were substantial cross-reactive binding antibodies to N1 neuraminidase

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Evaluation of Pelvic Circular Compression Devices in Severely Injured Trauma Patients with Pelvic Fractures

Josephine Berger-Groch, Johannes M. Rueger, Patrick Czorlich et al. · 2021 · Prehospital Emergency Care

Background: The role of pelvic circumferential compression devices (PCCD) is to temporarily stabilize the pelvic ring, reduce its volume and to tamponade bleeding. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of PCCDs on mortality…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

CEOP/IVE/GDP alternating regimen compared with CEOP as the first-line therapy for newly diagnosed patients with peripheral T cell lymphoma: results from a phase 2, multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial

Ming-Ci Cai, Shu Cheng, Xin Wang et al. · 2020 · Genome Medicine

Abstract Background Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (CHOP)/CHOP-like chemotherapy is widely used in peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL). Here we conducted a phase 2, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial, comparing the efficacy and safety of CEOP/IVE/GDP alternating regimen with CEOP in newly diagnosed PTCL. Methods PTCL patients, except for anaplastic large cell lymphoma-anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive, were 1:1 randomly assigned to receive CEOP/IVE/GDP (CEOP, cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m 2 , epirubicin 70 mg/m 2 , vincristine 1.4 mg/m 2 [maximum 2 mg] on day 1

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Temporal validation of machine learning models for pre-eclampsia prediction using routinely collected maternal characteristics: A validation study

Sofonyas Abebaw Tiruneh, Daniel L. Rolnik, Helena Teede et al. · 2025 · Computers in Biology and Medicine

BACKGROUND: Pre-eclampsia (PE) contributes to more than one-fourth of all maternal deaths and half a million newborn deaths worldwide every year. Early screening and interventions can reduce PE incidence and related complications. We aim to 1) temporally validate three existing models (two machine learning (ML) and one logistic regression) developed in the same region and 2) compare the performances of the validated ML models with the logistic regression model in PE prediction. This work addresses a gap in the literature by undertaking a comprehensive evaluation of existing risk prediction mod

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Circulating PD-L1 levels change during bevacizumab-based treatment in recurrent glioma

Maximilian J. Mair, Aysegül Ilhan‐Mutlu, Sahra Pajenda et al. · 2021 · Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy

PURPOSE: In primary brain tumors, the efficacy of immune-modulating therapies is still under investigation as inflammatory responses are restricted by tight immunoregulatory mechanisms in the central nervous system. Here, we measured soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) in the plasma of patients with recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) and recurrent WHO grade II-III glioma treated with bevacizumab-based salvage therapy. METHODS: Thirty patients with recurrent GBM and 10 patients with recurrent WHO grade II-III glioma were treated with bevacizumab-based salvage therapy at the Medical University of Vienna. Prior to

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Thyroid Autoimmunity and Behçet’s Disease: Is There a Significant Association?

Filiz Cebeci, Nahide Onsun, Ayşe Pekdemir et al. · 2013 · The Scientific World JOURNAL

BACKGROUND: Behcet's disease (BD) could be regarded as an autoimmune disease in many aspects. Autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) is frequently accompanied by other various autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, there is not still enough data showing the association between BD and ATD. In addition, no controlled study is present in the PubMed, which evaluates thyroidal autoimmunity using antithyroid peroxidase antibody in a large series of patients with BD. METHODS: We aimed to investigate the frequency of ATD in patients with BD. The study included 124 patients with BD and 99 age- and sex-matched he

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

A pilot trial of vaccination with Carcinoembryonic antigen and Her2/neu peptides in advanced colorectal cancer

Kevin Lynch, Gabriella C. Squeo, William J. Kane et al. · 2021 · International Journal of Cancer

Abstract Checkpoint‐blockade therapy (CBT) is approved for select colorectal cancer (CRC) patents, but additional immunotherapeutic options are needed. We hypothesized that vaccination with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and Her2/neu…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Optimal medical care and coronary flow capacity-guided myocardial revascularization vs usual care for chronic coronary artery disease: the CENTURY trial

K. Lance Gould, Nils P. Johnson, Amanda E. Roby et al. · 2025 · European Heart Journal

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The randomized CENTURY trial tested the hypothesis that a comprehensive strategy integrating intense lifestyle modification and aggressive medical management to goals with revascularization reserved for severely reduced coronary flow capacity (CFC) by positron emission tomography (PET) would reduce risk factors, subsequent revascularization, death and myocardial infarction (MI) compared with standard of care in chronic stable coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: Participants were randomly assigned to standard or comprehensive care groups. Rest-stress PET quantified CFC

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Texture quantified from ultrasound Nakagami parametric images is diagnostically relevant for breast tumor characterization

Sabiq Muhtadi, Rezwana R. Razzaque, Ahmad Chowdhury et al. · 2023 · Journal of Medical Imaging

Purpose: We evaluate texture quantified from ultrasound Nakagami parametric images for non-invasive characterization of breast tumors, as Nakagami images can more faithfully represent intrinsic tumor characteristics than standard B-mode…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Improving patient identification for advanced cardiac imaging through machine learning-integration of clinical and coronary CT angiography data

Jan Walter Benjamins, Ming Wai Yeung, Teemu Maaniitty et al. · 2021 · International Journal of Cardiology

BACKGROUND: Standard computed tomography angiography (CTA) outputs a myriad of interrelated variables in the evaluation of suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). But an important proportion of obstructive lesions does not cause significant myocardial ischemia. Nowadays, machine learning (ML) allows integration of numerous variables through complex interdependencies that optimize classification and prediction at the individual level. We evaluated ML performance in integrating CTA and clinical variables to identify patients that demonstrate myocardial ischemia through PET and those who ultimat

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Anti-IFNαR Mabs for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus

Bethan Goulden, David Isenberg · 2020 · Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy

INTRODUCTION: The type 1 interferon pathway is known to play a role in the immunopathology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). As a result, biologic agents targeting this pathway have been developed and are currently being investigated…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a randomized, triple-blinded, sham-controlled, crossover trial

Rachel Silvany Quadros Guimarães, Igor D. Bandeira, Bianca Lima Barretto et al. · 2024 · Frontiers in Psychiatry

Introduction: Although pharmacological treatment for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has demonstrated efficacy, several individuals persist in experiencing social and academic impairment. Additionally, the occurrence of significant side effects may render the use of psychotropic medications untenable. However, Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, shows promising results in treating ADHD. Objectives: To investigate the efficacy and safety of tDCS on the performance of children and adolescents with ADHD in neuropsychological

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Update on Clinical Trials for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.

Rohit Nathani, Meena B. Bansal · 2023 · PubMed

Tremendous effort has been put forth over the past 2 decades in understanding the pathophysiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NAFLD/NASH). Although multiple potential targets for drug development…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The intragenic epistatic association of ADD3 with biliary atresia in Southern Han Chinese population

Zhe Wang, Xiaoli Xie, Jinglu Zhao et al. · 2018 · Bioscience Reports

Biliary atresia (BA) is a multifactorial pathogenic disease with possible genetic components. As a member of membrane skeletal proteins in the liver and bile ducts, a haplotype composed by five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on adducin 3 (ADD3) has been identified as associated with BA. However, limited study was designed to further elaborate the mutual relationship amongst those replicated SNPs to disease. We selected three susceptibility SNPs in ADD3 and conducted a replication study using 510 BA cases and 1473 controls to evaluate the individual function of the SNPs and further stra

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