Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Renee W. Y. Chan, Louisa Chan, Chris Ka Pun Mok et al. · 2017 · Scientific Reports
H9N2 viruses are the most widespread influenza viruses in poultry in Asia. We evaluated the infection and tropism of human and avian H9 influenza virus in the human respiratory tract using ex vivo respiratory organ culture. H9 viruses infected the upper and lower respiratory tract and the majority of H9 viruses had a decreased ability to release virus from the bronchus rather than the lung. This may be attributed to a weak neuraminidase (NA) cleavage of carbon-6-linked sialic acid (Sia) rather than carbon-3-linked Sia. The modified cleavage of N-acetlylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) and N-glycolylne
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Suzanna Forwood, Amy L. Ahern, Gareth J Hollands et al. · 2013 · PLoS ONE
OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have shown that estimations of the calorie content of an unhealthy main meal food tend to be lower when the food is shown alongside a healthy item (e.g. fruit or vegetables) than when shown alone. This effect has been called the negative calorie illusion and has been attributed to averaging the unhealthy (vice) and healthy (virtue) foods leading to increased perceived healthiness and reduced calorie estimates. The current study aimed to replicate and extend these findings to test the hypothesized mediating effect of ratings of healthiness of foods on calorie estimat
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Pan Min, Huike Chen, Kai Deng et al. · 2025 · Micromachines
The female reproductive system represents a highly complex regulatory network governing critical physiological functions, encompassing reproductive capacity and endocrine regulation that maintains female physiological homeostasis. The in vitro simulation system provides a novel tool for biomedical research and can be used as physiological and pathological models to study the female reproductive system. Recent advances in this technology have evolved from 2D and 3D printing to organ-on-a-chip (OOC) and microfluidic systems, which has emerged as a transformative platform for modeling the female
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Jeremy McGale, Harrison J. Howell, Arnaud Beddok et al. · 2024 · Pharmaceuticals
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has the potential to become a powerful tool in drug discovery. This review aims to provide an overview of the current state of research and highlight the potential for this alliance to advance pharmaceutical innovation by accelerating the development and deployment of novel therapeutics. We previously performed a scoping review of three databases (Embase, MEDLINE, and CENTRAL), identifying 87 studies published between 2018 and 2022 relevant to medical imaging (e.g., CT, PET, MRI), immunotherapy, arti
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Stefan Schreiber, Konrad Aden, Florian Tran et al. · 2025 · Gut
The clinical and molecular heterogeneity of IBD—both between patients and within the same individual over time—continues to pose a significant challenge to the implementation of truly personalised treatment strategies. Unlike oncology,…
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Deborah Salvo, Inácio Crochemore-Silva, Andrea Wendt et al. · 2026 · Nature Medicine
With over 5 million attributed deaths per year, physical inactivity is a major global public health issue. Although the importance of physical activity is well recognized within the scope of obesity and cardiometabolic disease prevention…
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Miao Cai, Taeyoung Choi, Yan Xie et al. · 2026 · BMJ
OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether initiation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists is associated with both reduced risks of incident alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, nicotine, opioid, and other substance use disorders (SUDs) in…
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Aarish Manzar, Aleksandar Sič, Crystal E. Banh et al. · 2025 · Cells
Calcium channel blockers (CCBs), originally developed for cardiovascular indications, have gained attention for their therapeutic potential in neuropsychiatric, endocrine, and pain-related disorders. In neuropsychiatry, nimodipine and isradipine, both L-type CCBs, show mood-stabilizing and neuroprotective effects, with possible benefits in depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. In endocrinology, verapamil, a non-dihydropyridine L-type blocker, has been associated with the preservation of pancreatic β-cell function and reduced insulin dependence in diabetes. CCBs may also aid in manag
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Margareth C. Ozelo, Jane Mason, Amy L. Dunn et al. · 2025 · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
BACKGROUND: Valoctocogene roxaparvovec, an adeno-associated virus vector that transfers a human factor (F)VIII (FVIII) coding sequence to hepatocytes, provides bleeding protection for people with severe hemophilia A. OBJECTIVES: Determine…
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Yusuke Kamatsuki, Marie Synnøve Qvale, Kathrin Steffen et al. · 2024 · The American Journal of Sports Medicine
Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most severe injuries for athletes. It is important to identify risk factors because a better understanding of injury causation can help inform athletes about risk and increase their understanding of and motivation for injury prevention. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between anatomic factors and risk for future noncontact ACL injuries. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 870, excluding 9 players with a new contact ACL injury and a player with a new noncontact ACL injury just before the
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Bernardo G. Collaco, Syed Ali Haider, Srinivasagam Prabha et al. · 2026 · npj Digital Medicine
Agentic AI represents a promising evolution of artificial intelligence in healthcare, with systems capable of operating autonomously to achieve defined clinical goals. However, the literature lacks conceptual clarity in distinguishing AI…
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Tanayott Thaweethai, Sarah E. Donohue, Jeffrey N. Martin et al. · 2025 · Nature Communications
Longitudinal trajectories of Long COVID remain ill-defined, yet are critically needed to advance clinical trials, patient care, and public health initiatives for millions of individuals with this condition. Long COVID trajectories were…
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Daniel I. McIsaac, Susan M. Lee, Dean Fergusson et al. · 2025 · JAMA Surgery
Importance: Explanatory trials suggest that prehabilitation has efficacy in improving surgical outcomes. The effectiveness of offering home-based prehabilitation across multiple centers and for older adults with frailty remains unknown. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of offering coach-supported, home-based prehabilitation to older surgical patients with frailty. Design, Setting, and Participants: This study is a pragmatic, parallel-arm, multicenter randomized clinical trial with embedded qualitative assessment. Clinicians and assessors were fully blinded; participants were partially
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Zhu‐Nan Li, Feng Liu, Yu‐Jin Jung et al. · 2025 · Nature Communications
The unprecedented 2.3.4.4b. A(H5N1) outbreak in dairy cattle, poultry, and spillover to humans in the United States (US) poses a major public health threat. Population immunity is a critical component of influenza pandemic risk assessment. We assessed the pre-existing cross-reactive immunity to 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) viruses and analyzed 1794 sera from 723 people (0.5-88 yrs) in multiple US geographic regions during 2021-2024. Pre-existing neutralizing and hemagglutinin (HA)-head-binding antibodies to A(H5N1) were low, but there were substantial cross-reactive binding antibodies to N1 neuraminidase
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Josephine Berger-Groch, Johannes M. Rueger, Patrick Czorlich et al. · 2021 · Prehospital Emergency Care
Background: The role of pelvic circumferential compression devices (PCCD) is to temporarily stabilize the pelvic ring, reduce its volume and to tamponade bleeding. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of PCCDs on mortality…
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Ming-Ci Cai, Shu Cheng, Xin Wang et al. · 2020 · Genome Medicine
Abstract Background Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (CHOP)/CHOP-like chemotherapy is widely used in peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL). Here we conducted a phase 2, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial, comparing the efficacy and safety of CEOP/IVE/GDP alternating regimen with CEOP in newly diagnosed PTCL. Methods PTCL patients, except for anaplastic large cell lymphoma-anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive, were 1:1 randomly assigned to receive CEOP/IVE/GDP (CEOP, cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m 2 , epirubicin 70 mg/m 2 , vincristine 1.4 mg/m 2 [maximum 2 mg] on day 1
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Sofonyas Abebaw Tiruneh, Daniel L. Rolnik, Helena Teede et al. · 2025 · Computers in Biology and Medicine
BACKGROUND: Pre-eclampsia (PE) contributes to more than one-fourth of all maternal deaths and half a million newborn deaths worldwide every year. Early screening and interventions can reduce PE incidence and related complications. We aim to 1) temporally validate three existing models (two machine learning (ML) and one logistic regression) developed in the same region and 2) compare the performances of the validated ML models with the logistic regression model in PE prediction. This work addresses a gap in the literature by undertaking a comprehensive evaluation of existing risk prediction mod
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Maximilian J. Mair, Aysegül Ilhan‐Mutlu, Sahra Pajenda et al. · 2021 · Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy
PURPOSE: In primary brain tumors, the efficacy of immune-modulating therapies is still under investigation as inflammatory responses are restricted by tight immunoregulatory mechanisms in the central nervous system. Here, we measured soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) in the plasma of patients with recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) and recurrent WHO grade II-III glioma treated with bevacizumab-based salvage therapy. METHODS: Thirty patients with recurrent GBM and 10 patients with recurrent WHO grade II-III glioma were treated with bevacizumab-based salvage therapy at the Medical University of Vienna. Prior to
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Filiz Cebeci, Nahide Onsun, Ayşe Pekdemir et al. · 2013 · The Scientific World JOURNAL
BACKGROUND: Behcet's disease (BD) could be regarded as an autoimmune disease in many aspects. Autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) is frequently accompanied by other various autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, there is not still enough data showing the association between BD and ATD. In addition, no controlled study is present in the PubMed, which evaluates thyroidal autoimmunity using antithyroid peroxidase antibody in a large series of patients with BD. METHODS: We aimed to investigate the frequency of ATD in patients with BD. The study included 124 patients with BD and 99 age- and sex-matched he
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Jing Luo, Zheng Dong, Hui Xie et al. · 2022 · Liver International
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Management of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become a major concern. Some data suggest that cryoablation improves the outcomes of elderly patients with HCC, but its efficacy and safety remain…
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Kevin Lynch, Gabriella C. Squeo, William J. Kane et al. · 2021 · International Journal of Cancer
Abstract Checkpoint‐blockade therapy (CBT) is approved for select colorectal cancer (CRC) patents, but additional immunotherapeutic options are needed. We hypothesized that vaccination with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and Her2/neu…
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Su Woong Jung, Won-Hee Cho, Jung-Woo Seo et al. · 2022 · The Journal of Infectious Diseases
BACKGROUND: Urine exosomal bkv-miR-B1-5p is associated with BK virus (BKV) nephropathy (BKVN); however, its posttransplantation changes and predictability for BKVN have not been determined in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). METHODS:…
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K. Lance Gould, Nils P. Johnson, Amanda E. Roby et al. · 2025 · European Heart Journal
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The randomized CENTURY trial tested the hypothesis that a comprehensive strategy integrating intense lifestyle modification and aggressive medical management to goals with revascularization reserved for severely reduced coronary flow capacity (CFC) by positron emission tomography (PET) would reduce risk factors, subsequent revascularization, death and myocardial infarction (MI) compared with standard of care in chronic stable coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: Participants were randomly assigned to standard or comprehensive care groups. Rest-stress PET quantified CFC
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Maurice de Wit, Ya Gao, Darlene Mercieca et al. · 2020 · EBioMedicine
BACKGROUND: Clinical responses to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are restricted to tumors harboring specific activating mutations and even then, not all tyrosine kinase inhibitors provide clinical benefit. All TKIs however,…
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Sabiq Muhtadi, Rezwana R. Razzaque, Ahmad Chowdhury et al. · 2023 · Journal of Medical Imaging
Purpose: We evaluate texture quantified from ultrasound Nakagami parametric images for non-invasive characterization of breast tumors, as Nakagami images can more faithfully represent intrinsic tumor characteristics than standard B-mode…
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Jan Walter Benjamins, Ming Wai Yeung, Teemu Maaniitty et al. · 2021 · International Journal of Cardiology
BACKGROUND: Standard computed tomography angiography (CTA) outputs a myriad of interrelated variables in the evaluation of suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). But an important proportion of obstructive lesions does not cause significant myocardial ischemia. Nowadays, machine learning (ML) allows integration of numerous variables through complex interdependencies that optimize classification and prediction at the individual level. We evaluated ML performance in integrating CTA and clinical variables to identify patients that demonstrate myocardial ischemia through PET and those who ultimat
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Bethan Goulden, David Isenberg · 2020 · Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
INTRODUCTION: The type 1 interferon pathway is known to play a role in the immunopathology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). As a result, biologic agents targeting this pathway have been developed and are currently being investigated…
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Rachel Silvany Quadros Guimarães, Igor D. Bandeira, Bianca Lima Barretto et al. · 2024 · Frontiers in Psychiatry
Introduction: Although pharmacological treatment for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has demonstrated efficacy, several individuals persist in experiencing social and academic impairment. Additionally, the occurrence of significant side effects may render the use of psychotropic medications untenable. However, Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique, shows promising results in treating ADHD. Objectives: To investigate the efficacy and safety of tDCS on the performance of children and adolescents with ADHD in neuropsychological
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Rohit Nathani, Meena B. Bansal · 2023 · PubMed
Tremendous effort has been put forth over the past 2 decades in understanding the pathophysiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NAFLD/NASH). Although multiple potential targets for drug development…
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Zhe Wang, Xiaoli Xie, Jinglu Zhao et al. · 2018 · Bioscience Reports
Biliary atresia (BA) is a multifactorial pathogenic disease with possible genetic components. As a member of membrane skeletal proteins in the liver and bile ducts, a haplotype composed by five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on adducin 3 (ADD3) has been identified as associated with BA. However, limited study was designed to further elaborate the mutual relationship amongst those replicated SNPs to disease. We selected three susceptibility SNPs in ADD3 and conducted a replication study using 510 BA cases and 1473 controls to evaluate the individual function of the SNPs and further stra
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