Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPublic aspects of medicine
Hnin Wai Lwin Myo, Akiko S Hosler, Lawrence M Schell et al. · 2023 · Public Health Nutrition
Abstract Objective: The Burmese population is one of the fast-growing refugee populations in the USA. This study investigated behavioural and environmental factors associated with fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption among Burmese refugees. Design: We conducted a cross-sectional interview survey in 2018–2019. The 24-h recall was used to assess dietary behaviour. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed with meeting the daily FV consumption recommendation (two or more servings of fruits and three or more servings of vegetables) as the outcome variable. We selected socio-economi
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Rob Horne, Caroline Sabin, Trudie Chalder et al. · 2025 · Programme Grants for Applied Research
Background Antiretroviral therapy has transformed human immunodeficiency virus infection intoa chronic condition associated with normal life expectancy. In the United Kingdom, the uptake of antiretroviral therapy is generally high, but a delay in starting antiretroviral therapy and non-adherence compromise the health and well-being of people living with human immunodeficiency virus, increase the risk of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus and increase National Health Service costs. Objectives The overall aim was to improve antiretroviral therapy uptake and adherence by addressing perc
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P. Mangala C.S. De Silva, E.M.D.V. Ekanayake, T.D.K.S.C. Gunasekara et al. · 2022 · The Journal of Climate Change and Health
Aim: Chronic kidney disease of uncertain aetiology (CKDu) is an emerging health concern in tropical farming communities. The role of occupational heat exposure as a potential driver of CKDu remains debated. Our study examines occupational heat exposure and kidney health in three occupational groups in Sri Lanka. Methodology: We recruited participants from three occupational groups from three climatic zones; fisherfolk from the dry and intermediate zones (N = 225), paddy farmers from the intermediate zone (N = 180) and tea plantation workers from the wet zone (N = 70). Serum creatinine, cystati
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Michelle J Groome, Sung-Sil Moon, Daniel Velasquez et al. · 2014 · Bulletin of the World Health Organization
Objective To investigate the effect of abstention from breastfeeding, for an hour before and after each vaccination, on the immune responses of infants to two doses of rotavirus vaccine. Methods In Soweto, South Africa, mother–infant pairs who were uninfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were enrolled as they presented for the “6-week” immunizations of the infants. Each infant was randomly assigned to Group 1 – in which breastfeeding was deferred for at least 1 h before and after each dose of rotavirus vaccine – or Group 2 – in which unrestricted breastfeeding was encouraged. Enzyme
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPublic aspects of medicine
Samet Jeffrey, Allensworth-Davies Donald, Cheng Debbie M et al. · 2011 · Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy
Abstract Background Chronic medical diseases require regular and longitudinal care and self-management for effective treatment. When chronic diseases include substance use disorders, care and treatment of both the medical and addiction disorders may affect access to care and the ability to focus on both conditions. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the association between the presence of chronic medical disease and recent addiction treatment utilization among adults with substance dependence. Methods Cross-sectional secondary data analysis of self-reported baseline data from alcohol a
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Chabot Isabelle, Potvin Louise, Moisan Jocelyne et al. · 2006 · BMC Health Services Research
Abstract Background Drug utilization review (DUR) programs are being conducted in Canadian hospitals with the aim of improving the appropriateness of prescriptions. However, there is little evidence of their effectiveness. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of both a retrospective and a concurrent DUR programs on the quality of in-hospital prescribing. Methods We conducted an interrupted time series quasi-experimental study. Using explicit criteria for quality of prescribing, the natural history of cisapride prescription was established retrospectively in three university-aff
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Tatin Wahyanto, Stefanus Supriyanto, Nyoman Anita Damayanti et al. · 2020 · Journal of Public Health Research
Background: The high turnover rate in the healthcare industry needs serious attention since it influences hospital service quality. So, there is a need to develop a new framework known as people equity, that can be used to manage intangible assets and reduce employees’ intention to leave. The purpose of this study therefore was to develop a model of people equity as a strategy for enhancing employees’ intention to stay. Design and methods: An analytical cross-sectional design was used to measure the associations between variables. 154 respondents were selected from stratified random sampling t
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Erkang Fu, Yuxin Ren, Xi Li et al. · 2022 · Frontiers in Public Health
Rural communities have become a hot topic in academic circles because of their graceful natural environment and great healing potential. However, existing research still lacks attention to the street space in rural communities and rarely considers its integrated visual and soundscape design in terms of their effect on public health. As a result, the healing potential of rural community streets cannot be fully used in design practice. Relevant audiovisual materials were collected from a field investigation in four rural communities in southwestern China. Based on these data, the subjective and
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Zeynab Arbabi, Abdolali Banaiefar, Sajjad Arshadi et al. · 2023 · پیاورد سلامت
Background and Aim: Metabolic syndrome refers to a set of metabolic disorders related to obesity, such as abdominal obesity, increased body fat mass, lipid disorders, hypertension, increased blood glucose, and insulin resistance. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of 8 weeks of CXWORX exercises combined with inulin consumption on some indicators of oxidative stress in obese women with metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: Forty eight obese women with metabolic syndrome in the age range of 30 to 40 years were randomly divided into Control, inulin, CX exe
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Xiaohang Chen, Xin Zhou, Yan Xu et al. · 2024 · Frontiers in Public Health
BackgroundThe current rate of organ donation in China falls significantly below the global average and the actual demand. Nursing students play a crucial role in supporting and promoting social and public welfare activities. This study primary aims to analyze the levels of knowledge, attitudes, willingness toward organ donation, and attitudes toward death among nursing students, and investigate the mediating role of attitude in the relationship between knowledge and willingness. The secondary aims to identify factors that may influence the willingness.MethodsA convenience sample of nursing stu
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Seyed Mostafa Shiryazdi, Mohammad Dehestani, Mohammad forat yazdi et al. · 2015 · Journal of Community Health Research
Introduction: As a glycoprotein, Plasma Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) is mainly produced by prostate epithelial cells and is used as a major diagnostic tool for prostate cancer. A group of researchers relate the elevated number of estrogen receptors in breast cancer samples to the over-production of PSA in this type of cancer. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the participants' plasma PSA level as a new biomarker for the primary diagnosis of breast cancer. Methods: Employing a historical cohort design, this study was conducted on 95 patients suffering from breast masses. The pa
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Rengga Dwija Prasetya, Fenny Etrawati, Yeni Yeni et al. · 2021 · Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat
Smoking behavior among adolescents is increasing. This condition is partly influenced by the incessant advertisements for cigarettes that offer expectations that are the opposite of their impact. This study aims to determine the effect of audiovisual media-based education in the context of changing adolescent attitudes towards cigarette advertisements. The study design used was a Quasi Experiment with a Pretest-Posttest with Control Group. The research subjects were college adolescents (students) with a total of 25 people in the intervention group and 25 in the control group. Data were analyze
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Simiao Chen, Pascal Geldsetzer, Till Bärnighausen · 2020 · SSM: Population Health
Population aging in middle-income countries, including China, has resulted in strong economic incentives to increase the retirement age. These economic incentives should be weighed up against the effects of later retirement on physical and mental health and wellbeing. We aimed to determine the causal effect of retirement on perceived stress, an important measure of mental well-being. We used data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2015 and adopted a non-parametric regression discontinuity design (RDD) to measure the causal effect of retirement on stress. Stress was assessed using th
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Maria Henström, Christine Delisle Nyström, Susanne Andermo et al. · 2025 · BMC Public Health
Abstract Background Early-life interventions are essential for improving public health since lifestyle behaviours are established already in childhood. Child healthcare (CHC) plays a crucial role in this context. The ‘Saga Stories in health talk’ (SSiHT) material includes a flipchart with colourful illustrations to facilitate CHC nurses’ routine health talks with parents and their children, and a hand-out material kit to support healthy lifestyle behaviours in the families. Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of the SSiHT intervention at the 5-year routine visit at CHC on parental self-e
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Éva Bíró, Ferenc Vincze, Gabriella Mátyás et al. · 2021 · Frontiers in Public Health
Background: The public health relevance of health literacy is highlighted by the fact that its higher levels can improve health outcomes and reduce health inequities. In order to design effective interventions for improving health literacy, the relationship between health literacy and other factors such as sociodemographic variables, subjective health and social support must be understood.Objective: Our aim was to test a socioecological model of the determinants of health literacy with a special focus on the effect of residence. Our study investigated geographical differences regarding the lev
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Tao Zeng, Xinliang Liao, Jie Wu · 2025 · Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine
Background: Exposure to air pollution and adherence to a healthy lifestyle have been identified to be related to sarcopenia. However, the interactive effects between these two factors remain insufficiently elucidated. The present study was designed to investigate the potential interaction exposure to air pollution with healthy lifestyle on the risk of developing sarcopenia. Methods: In the retrospective cohort study, all data was extracted from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Household air pollution was assessed based on the utilization of solid fuels for cooking and heating. A
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Abolghasem Pourreza, Ali Mohammad Mosadeghrad, Parsa Zoleikani · 2017 · پژوهشهای سلامتمحور
Background & Objectives: Accreditation, as a formal external evaluation system, has a critical role in improving quality, safety and effectiveness of hospital services. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of accreditation standards on the performance of Accident and Emergency (A&E) departments of hospitals in Sari, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive - analytic study was carried out in eight hospitals in Sari, Iran. Information related to the accreditation scores and five performance indicators of A&E departments (i.e., average triage time, percentage of cardiopulmona
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E. Lubinga, A.A. Maes, C.J.M. Jansen · 2016 · SAHARA-J
Most existent research on the effects of interpersonal discussions about health campaign messages is based on surveys. In this study, we analysed actual conversations about an HIV/AIDS poster to find out possible effects. Young South African women in 59 dyads (n = 118) participated in conversations about a deliberately puzzling HIV and AIDS poster that cautioned the target group to be faithful to one sexual partner. We measured their comprehension of the poster and beliefs about the message, before and after the conversations. Overall, actual comprehension (AC) was low, and we observed a large
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Armando García-Guerra, Lynnette M Neufeld, Sonia Hernández-Cordero et al. · 2009 · Salud Pública de México
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this analysis was to test the impact of daily supplementation with multiple micronutrients (MM) during pregnancy on Zn, vitamin A and folate status compared to iron only (Fe). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was carried out during 1997-2000 in a semi-urban community in Morelos state, Mexico. Women were randomly assigned to MM (n= 249) or Fe (n= 258) and received supplements daily (6 d/wk) under supervision by the field team from recruitment (approximately 9 weeks pregnancy) until delivery. Blood samples were collected on a sub-sample of women at baseline, 32 weeks p
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Jonas Radermacher, Steffen Thiel, Aimo Kannt et al. · 2025 · BMC Public Health
Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected daily life and posed significant challenges for politics, the economy, and the education system. To better prepare for such situations and implement effective measures, it is crucial to accurately assess, monitor, and forecast the progression of a pandemic. This study examines the potential of integrating wastewater surveillance data to enhance an autoregressive COVID-19 forecasting model for Germany and its federal states. Methods First, we explore the cross-correlations between SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA load measured in wastewater
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Machiko Minatoya, Sachiko Itoh, Keiko Yamazaki et al. · 2018 · Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine
Abstract Background Studies reported adverse behavioral development including internalizing and externalizing problems in association with prenatal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates; however, findings were not sufficient due to using different assessment tools and child ages among studies. This study aimed to examine associations between maternal serum levels of BPA and phthalate metabolites and behavioral problems at preschool age. Methods The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to assess behavioral problems at 5 years of age. BPA and phthalate metabolite levels
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Hatice Özyılmaz, Serdar Bağlar · 2026 · BMC Public Health
Abstract Background Adolescence is a critical milestone in the transition to adulthood. Factors affecting oral health, an essential component of general health during this period, also influence public health. This study investigates the potential impact of parental education level (PEL) and daily total daily screen time (DTST) on adolescent oral health using a large sample size. Methods A total of 1300 adolescents aged 17 and 18 from Ordu Province were included in this study. A structured questionnaire was used to assess PEL, DTST, and other habits that may influence dental caries. Oral healt
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Batoul Ghosn, Leila Azadbakht, Mohammad Reza Monazzam Esmaeilpour et al. · 2024 · BMC Public Health
Abstract Background Despite numerous studies that have explored the association between individual antioxidants or specific combinations and the risk of hearing loss, there is lack of information regarding the relationship between dietary total antioxidant capacity (dTAC) and hearing loss. The conflicting results on this association further highlight the need for more research in this area. This study aims to investigate the association between overall dietary antioxidant intake and the risk of hearing loss among Iranian adults. Methods This cross-sectional study recruited 3443 adult participa
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Chen Zhang, Yuanyuan Wang, Wei Xie et al. · 2024 · BMC Public Health
Abstract Background Hypertension is one of the major public health problems in China. Limited evidence exists regarding sex differences in the association between hypertension and air pollutants, as well as the impact of dietary factors on the relationship between air pollutants and hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate the sex-specific effects of dietary patterns on the association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5), ozone(O3) and hypertension in adults residing in Jiangsu Province of China. Methods A total of 3189 adults from the 2015 China Adult Chronic Disease and Nut
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Chaoqun Feng, Junjie Yao, Yizhou Xie et al. · 2024 · BMC Public Health
Abstract Background Low back pain is the leading cause of productivity loss, imposes a significant economic burden on the patients and society. Oxidative stress is considered a critical factor in the complex pathophysiological process and pathogenic mechanism of low back pain. Adjustment dietary pattern can effectively increase antioxidant biomarkers levels within the body to reduce oxidative stress. The composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) serves a reliable scoring system for quantifying the potential dietary antioxidant capacity of daily diets. Objective We aim to investigate the poten
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Said Kara · 2022 · Journal of Public Health in Africa
Background. The purpose of this study was to investigate the connection between self-efficacy and treatment adherence, working on the assumption that self-efficacy plays a role in determining treatment adherence in chronic diseases. Hypertension affects one-third of the world’s population. In Africa, hypertension is a leading cause of death from a non-communicable disease. Modifications to lifestyle and behavior, as well as increased access to pharmaceuticals, are necessary for every African nation to bring the prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular disorders under control. Methods. In
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Juliana Cavalcanti Correia, Rosângela Maria Rodrigues Barbosa, Cláudia Maria Fontes de Oliveira et al. · 2012 · Revista de Saúde Pública
OBJECTIVE: Analyse how basic sanitation conditions, water supply and housing conditions affect the concentration of Culex quinquefasciatus METHODS: Populations of C. quinquefasciatus in 61 houses in the municipality of Olinda, PE, were monitored between October 2009 and October 2010. Observations were carried out in homes without the presence of preferred breeding sites in order to identify characteristics that may be aggravating factors for the development of the mosquito. Five aggravating factors were analysed: vegetation cover surrounding the home, number of residents/home, water storage, s
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A Aleyasin, M Ghazanfari, M Houshmand · 2010 · Iranian Journal of Public Health
"nBackground: Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is an inherited form of bilateral optic atrophy leading to the loss of central vision. The primary cause of vision loss is mutation in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), however, unknown secon­dary genetic and/or epigenetic risk factors are suggested to influence its neuropathology. In this study folate gene polymor­phisms were examined as a possible LHON secondary genetic risk factor in Iranian patients."nMethods: Common polymorphisms in the MTHFR (C677T and A1298C) and MTRR (A66G) genes were tested in 21 LHON pa
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Tao Yi, Zi Lin, Feng Hu et al. · 2025 · BMC Public Health
Abstract Background Data for the study cohort were sourced from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2018). Study participants were classified as obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²) or nonobese (BMI < 30 kg/m²) then further categorized as metabolically healthy or unhealthy on the basis of metabolic syndrome criteria, resulting in four groups: metabolically healthy obese (MHO), metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO), metabolically healthy nonobese (MHNO), and metabolically unhealthy nonobese (MUNO). Complex sampling statistical methods were employed for descriptive analysis. The associati
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Ulrike Stentzel, Jeanette Bahr, Daniel Fredrich et al. · 2018 · BMC Health Services Research
Abstract Background In rural regions with a low population density, distances to health care providers as well as insufficient public transport may be barriers for the accessibility of health care. In this analysis it was examined whether the accessibility of gynecologists and GPs, measured as travel time both by car and public transport has an influence on the utilization of health care in the rural region of Western Pomerania in Northern Germany. Methods Utilization data was obtained from the population based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). Utilization was operationalized by the paramet
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