Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
R. Phillip Dellinger, Sean M. Bagshaw, Massimo Antonelli et al. · 2018 · JAMA
Importance: Polymyxin B hemoperfusion reduces blood endotoxin levels in sepsis. Endotoxin activity can be measured in blood with a rapid assay. Treating patients with septic shock and elevated endotoxin activity using polymyxin B…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Jacob D. Estes, Levelle D. Harris, Nichole R. Klatt et al. · 2010 · PLoS Pathogens
The chronic phase of HIV infection is marked by pathological activation of the immune system, the extent of which better predicts disease progression than either plasma viral load or CD4(+) T cell count. Recently, translocation of microbial products from the gastrointestinal tract has been proposed as an underlying cause of this immune activation, based on indirect evidence including the detection of microbial products and specific immune responses in the plasma of chronically HIV-infected humans or SIV-infected Asian macaques. We analyzed tissues from SIV-infected rhesus macaques (RMs) to pro
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Hadi Zokaeifar, José Luís Balcázar, Che Roos Saad et al. · 2012 · Fish & Shellfish Immunology
We studied the effect of two probiotic Bacillus subtilis strains on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, immune gene expression and disease resistance of juvenile white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). A mixture of two…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Luis E. Escobar, Alvaro Molina-Cruz, Carolina Barillas‐Mury · 2020 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Significance The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the most devastating in recent history. The bacillus Calmette−Guérin (BCG) vaccine against tuberculosis also confers broad protection against other infectious diseases, and it has been proposed that it could reduce the severity of COVID-19. This epidemiological study assessed the global linkage between BCG vaccination and COVID-19 mortality. Signals of BCG vaccination effect on COVID-19 mortality are influenced by social, economic, and demographic differences between countries. After mitigating multiple confounding factors, several significant assoc
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Dermot McGovern, Michelle R. Jones, Kent D. Taylor et al. · 2010 · Human Molecular Genetics
Genetic variation in both innate and adaptive immune systems is associated with Crohn's disease (CD) susceptibility, but much of the heritability to CD remains unknown. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 896 CD cases…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Marieke J Bart, Simon R. Harris, Abdolreza Advani et al. · 2014 · mBio
Bordetella pertussis causes pertussis, a respiratory disease that is most severe for infants. Vaccination was introduced in the 1950s, and in recent years, a resurgence of disease was observed worldwide, with significant mortality in infants. Possible causes for this include the switch from whole-cell vaccines (WCVs) to less effective acellular vaccines (ACVs), waning immunity, and pathogen adaptation. Pathogen adaptation is suggested by antigenic divergence between vaccine strains and circulating strains and by the emergence of strains with increased pertussis toxin production. We applied com
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Joris D. Veltman, Margaretha Lambers, Menno van Nimwegen et al. · 2010 · BMC Cancer
BACKGROUND: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a heterogeneous population of immature cells that accumulates in tumour-bearing hosts. These cells are induced by tumour-derived factors (e.g. prostaglandins) and have a critical role in immune suppression. MDSC suppress T and NK cell function via increased expression of arginase I and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). Immune suppression by MDSC was found to be one of the main factors for immunotherapy insufficiency. Here we investigate if the in vivo immunoregulatory function of MDSC can be reversed by in
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Peter Aaby, Cesário Martins, M.‐L. Garly et al. · 2010 · BMJ
OBJECTIVE: To examine in a randomised trial whether a 25% difference in mortality exists between 4.5 months and 3 years of age for children given two standard doses of Edmonston-Zagreb measles vaccines at 4.5 and 9 months of age compared…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
David A. Springate, Rosa Parisi, Evangelos Kontopantelis et al. · 2016 · British Journal of Dermatology
BACKGROUND: The burden of psoriasis across many world regions is high and there is a recognized need to better understand the epidemiology of this common skin disorder. OBJECTIVES: To examine changes in the prevalence and incidence of psoriasis, and mortality rates over a 15-year period. METHODS: Cohort study involving analysis of longitudinal electronic health records between 1999 and 2013 using the U.K. Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). RESULTS: The prevalence of psoriasis increased steadily from 2·3% (2297 cases per 100 000) in 1999 to 2·8% (2815 per 100 000) in 2013, which does n
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportImmunology and Microbiology
Jessica E. Atwell, Josh Van Otterloo, Jennifer Zipprich et al. · 2013 · PEDIATRICS
BACKGROUND: In 2010, 9120 cases of pertussis were reported in California, more than any year since 1947. Although this resurgence has been widely attributed to waning immunity of the acellular vaccine, the role of vaccine refusal has not…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Scott N. Dean, Barney Bishop, Monique L. van Hoek · 2011 · Frontiers in Microbiology
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a highly versatile opportunistic pathogen and its ability to produce biofilms is a direct impediment to the healing of wounds and recovery from infection. Interest in anti-microbial peptides (AMPs) has grown due to their potential therapeutic applications and their possible use against antibiotic resistant bacteria. LL-37 is the only cathelicidin expressed by humans. In this study, we tested LL-37 and the effect of a protease-resistant LL-37 peptide mimetic, the peptide enantiomer D-LL-37, for anti-microbial and anti-biofilm activity against P. aeruginosa. Both forms
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Luuk van Hooren, Alessandra Vaccaro, Mohanraj Ramachandran et al. · 2021 · Nature Communications
Abstract Gliomas are brain tumors characterized by an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Immunostimulatory agonistic CD40 antibodies (αCD40) are in clinical development for solid tumors, but are yet to be evaluated for glioma. Here, we demonstrate that systemic delivery of αCD40 in preclinical glioma models induces the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in proximity of meningeal tissue. In treatment-naïve glioma patients, the presence of TLS correlates with increased T cell infiltration. However, systemic delivery of αCD40 induces hypofunctional T cells and impairs the response t
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Matthew C. Freeman, Thomas Clasen, Simon Brooker et al. · 2013 · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
We conducted a cluster-randomized trial to assess the impact of a school-based water treatment, hygiene, and sanitation program on reducing infection with soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) after school-based deworming. We assessed…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Ravi A. Madan, James L. Gulley, Tito Fojo et al. · 2010 · The Oncologist
Therapeutic cancer vaccines represent a new class of agents in the treatment of cancer. Sipuleucel-T is an antigen-presenting cell-based vaccine that recently demonstrated a significant 4.8-month improvement in overall survival in advanced…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Alexander M. Aiken, Calum Davey, James Hargreaves et al. · 2015 · International Journal of Epidemiology
BACKGROUND: Helminth (worm) infections cause morbidity among poor communities worldwide. An influential study conducted in Kenya in 1998-99 reported that a school-based drug-and-educational intervention had benefits regarding worm…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Robert L. Ferris, Nabil F. Saba, Barbara J. Gitlitz et al. · 2018 · JAMA Oncology
Importance: Immunotherapy for recurrent and/or metastatic (R/M) squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is promising. The toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) agonist motolimod may stimulate innate and adaptive immunity. Objective: To…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Joris D. Veltman, Margaretha Lambers, Menno van Nimwegen et al. · 2010 · British Journal of Cancer
BACKGROUND: Suppressive immune cells present in tumour microenvironments are known to augment tumour growth and hamper efficacy of antitumour therapies. The amino-bisphosphonate Zoledronic acid (ZA) is considered as an antitumour agent, as…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportImmunology and Microbiology
Marie Løvoll, Marta Alarcón, Britt Bang Jensen et al. · 2012 · Diseases of Aquatic Organisms
The newly described piscine reovirus (PRV) appears to be associated with the development of heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) in farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. PRV seems to be ubiquitous among fish in Norwegian salmon…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Danny Bruce, Heather E. Stefanski, Benjamin G. Vincent et al. · 2017 · Journal of Clinical Investigation
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) is the most common complication for patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Despite extremely aggressive therapy targeting donor T cells, patients with grade III or greater aGVHD of…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
E. J. Kerschen, Irene Hernández, Mark Zogg et al. · 2010 · Journal of Clinical Investigation
Activated protein C (aPC) therapy reduces mortality in adult patients with severe sepsis. In mouse endotoxemia and sepsis models, mortality reduction requires the cell signaling function of aPC, mediated through protease-activated…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Amy C. Graham, Kimberly M. Hilmer, Julianne Zickovich et al. · 2013 · The Journal of Immunology
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a major respiratory pathogen of both humans and animals. The lung is protected from pathogens by alveolar epithelial cells, tissue-resident alveolar macrophages, dendritic cells, and mast cells. The role of…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Roanna George, Stuart J. Moat · 2015 · Clinical Chemistry
BACKGROUND: The analysis of dried blood spots has been used routinely for newborn screening since the early 1970s, and the number of disorders screened has expanded substantially in recent years. However, there is a lack of evidence…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Il‐Kang Na, Matthew Buckland, Carlo Agostini et al. · 2019 · European Journal Of Haematology
OBJECTIVE: Despite long-standing safe and effective use of immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) in primary immunodeficiency, clinical data on IgRT in patients with secondary immunodeficiency (SID) due to B-cell lymphoproliferative…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Xiuli Zhang, S. Peter Goedegebuure, Michael Y. Chen et al. · 2024 · Genome Medicine
BACKGROUND: Neoantigen vaccines can induce or enhance highly specific antitumor immune responses with minimal risk of autoimmunity. We have developed a neoantigen DNA vaccine platform capable of efficiently presenting both HLA class I and II epitopes and performed a phase 1 clinical trial in triple-negative breast cancer patients with persistent disease on surgical pathology following neoadjuvant chemotherapy, a patient population at high risk of disease recurrence. METHODS: Expressed somatic mutations were identified by tumor/normal exome sequencing and tumor RNA sequencing. The pVACtools sof
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportImmunology and Microbiology
Richard Stebbings, David Eastwood, Stephen Poole et al. · 2012 · Journal of Immunotoxicology
The failure of regulatory science to keep pace with and support the development of new biological medicines was very publically highlighted in March 2006 when the first-in-man Phase I clinical trial of the immunomodulatory CD28-specific…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Lavinia Rech, Mahmoud Abdellatif, Maria Pöttler et al. · 2021 · Life Sciences
AIMS: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major global cause of death. Massive cell death leads to inflammation, which is necessary for ensuing wound healing. Extensive inflammation, however, promotes infarct expansion and adverse remodeling. The DNA sensing receptor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase and its downstream signaling effector stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) is central in innate immune reactions in infections or autoimmunity. Cytosolic double-strand DNA activates the pathway and down-stream inflammatory responses. Recent papers demonstrated that this pathway is also active following M
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
on behalf of the Vx-001-201 trial team, Cesare Gridelli, Tudor–Eliade Ciuleanu et al. · 2020 · British Journal of Cancer
BACKGROUND: CD8 + cytotoxic T cells; this immune response is associated with improved overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: A randomised, double blind, phase 2b trial, in HLA-A*201-positive patients with metastatic, TERT-expressing NSCLC, who did not progress after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy were randomised to receive either Vx-001 or placebo. The primary endpoint of the trial was OS. RESULTS: Two hundred and twenty-one patients were randomised and 190 (101 and 89 patients in the placebo and the Vx-001 arm, respectiv
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Haixia Xie, LU Jin-fang, Ying Zhou et al. · 2015 · Infection and Immunity
Edwardsiella tarda is a Gram-negative enteric pathogen that causes hemorrhagic septicemia in fish and gastro- and extraintestinal infections in humans. The type III secretion system (T3SS) of E. tarda has been identified as a key virulence…
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Henrique Lemos, Rong Ou, Caroline McCardle et al. · 2020 · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
BACKGROUND: Activating the Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) adaptor incites antitumor immunity against immunogenic tumors in mice, prompting clinical trials to test STING activators. However, STING signaling in the tumor microenvironment (TME) during development of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) suppresses antitumor immunity to promote tumor growth. We hypothesized that local immune balance favoring suppression of antitumor immunity also attenuates antitumor responses following STING activation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how STING activation impacts antitumor responses in mic
View details →Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunology and Microbiology
Wenji Piao, Lisa W. Ru, Kurt H. Piepenbrink et al. · 2013 · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Toll/IL-1R resistance (TIR) domain-containing adapter-inducing IFN-β (TRIF) is a Toll-like receptor (TLR) adapter that mediates MyD88-independent induction of type I interferons through activation of IFN regulatory factor 3 and NFκB. We…
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