Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Faith Hartley, Martin A. Ebert, Alistair Cook · 2025 · Clinical & Translational Immunology
The most successful immunotherapies for solid malignancies to date, immune checkpoint inhibitors, target the essential role of T cells in antitumor immunity. However, T-cell dysfunction presents a major hindrance to treatment efficacy, warranting research into combined treatment strategies for improving outcomes. The use of radiotherapy for this purpose has garnered much interest. Preclinical study has established that radiotherapy activates various immune mechanisms to improve T-cell activation, localisation and function within tumors, which improves response to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
View details →DOI: 10.1002/cti2.70030Cited by 11 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Theresa Abdo, Ahmad Alhalabi, Sacha Yaghi et al. · 2026 · Cancer
Minimal residual disease (MRD) refers to the presence of residual cancer cells or tumor-derived fragments that persist after treatment and remain undetectable by conventional imaging or protein-based assays. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)…
View details →DOI: 10.1002/cncr.70286Cited by 11 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEconomics, Econometrics and Finance
Bo Yang, Fatma Ahmed Hassan, Waqar Ahmad et al. · 2026 · Frontiers in Public Health
Air pollution (AIRP) remains a critical public health and environmental challenge in developing Asia, where rapid industrialization and fossil fuel dependence continue to undermine population health and longevity. This study examines the impact of AIRP on life expectancy (LIFE) and investigates whether renewable energy adoption moderates this relationship. AIRP is proxied by carbon dioxide (CO₂) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, which capture pollution-intensive energy systems, industrial activity, and agricultural practices that jointly generate health-damaging co-pollutants, particularly in
View details →DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1724402Cited by 11 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Eun-Ju Kim, Chan Kyo Kim, Hyun Soo Kim et al. · 2020 · British Journal of Radiology
Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of histogram analysis of stretched exponential model (SEM) on diffusion-weighted imaging in evaluating clinically significant prostate cancer (CSC). Methods: A total of 85 patients with prostate cancer…
View details →DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20190757Cited by 10 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Lyduine Eisa Collij, Gemma Salvadó, Kanta Horie et al. · 2026 · Nature Communications
To efficiently implement plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for staging and prognosis of Alzheimer disease (AD), we must understand their dynamics across disease progression. We analyzed participants from the Swedish BioFINDER-2 study with mass spectrometry measurements of plasma and CSF tau species, including eMTBR-tau243/MTBR-tau243 and phosphorylation occupancies (%p-tau). Disease duration was estimated using Aβ-PET and tau-PET with the SILA algorithm. Bootstrapped LOESS models showed that %p-tau217 changes earliest, increasing just before Aβ-PET positivity. Other p-tau species
View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-71732-1Cited by 10 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience
Lulu Ai, Zhiwei Li, Huipeng Huang et al. · 2025 · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
Objective While emerging evidence links glymphatic dysfunction to cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), its clinical relevance remains poorly defined. This study aimed to investigate the relationships among glymphatic function, perivascular space (PVS), and cognitive performance in CSVD. Methods We enrolled 120 CSVD patients [52 with no cognitive impairment (CSVD-NCI) and 68 with mild cognitive impairment (CSVD-MCI)] and 40 healthy controls (HCs). Glymphatic function was assessed using the left ALPS index derived from diffusion tensor imaging analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS). G
View details →DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.1680094Cited by 10 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Shabnam Santos, Ivonne Salinas, Nicolás Almeida et al. · 2025 · Engineering Microbiology
ABSTRACT Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by debilitating motor and non-motor symptoms. Its etiology is multifactorial, with no single definitive cause identified, although aging…
View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.engmic.2025.100222Cited by 10 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Joseph R. Winer, Hillary Vossler, Christina B. Young et al. · 2024 · Brain Communications
Abstract Co-pathology is frequent in Lewy body disease, which includes clinical diagnoses of both Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. Measuring concomitant pathology in vivo can improve clinical and research diagnoses and prediction of cognitive trajectories. Tau PET imaging may serve a dual role in Lewy body disease by measuring cortical tau aggregation as well as assessing dopaminergic loss attributed to binding to neuromelanin within substantia nigra. We sought to characterize 18F-PI-2620, a next generation PET tracer, in individuals with Lewy body disease. We recruited 141 p
View details →DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae458Cited by 10 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEarth and Planetary Sciences
Alok Bharadwaj, R. de Bruin, Arjen J. Jakobi · 2026 · Nature Communications
Cryogenic sample electron microscopy (cryo-EM) maps often display uneven quality, with high-resolution features coexisting alongside weak or poorly ordered regions. Such variation complicates structural interpretation, especially for heterogeneous macromolecular assemblies. Here, we present LocScale-2.0, a context-aware map optimisation framework that operates without prior knowledge of molecular structure or composition. By leveraging general expectations of electron scattering by biological macromolecules, it enhances local detail and connectivity while preserving weak but biologically relev
View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-75327-8Cited by 10 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Judith Charbit, Jean‐Sébastien Vidal, Olivier Hanon · 2025 · Nutrients
Cognitive aging is a complex, multifactorial process influenced by genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors. Among modifiable risk factors, nutrition has emerged as a promising target to preserve cognitive function. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of dietary interventions-including specific nutrients and dietary patterns-on cognitive domains (memory, executive function, global cognition) and mental health. Recent findings: multinutrient supplementation, particularly combinations of B vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids, appears beneficial for episodic memory, espe
View details →DOI: 10.3390/nu17121964Cited by 10 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBusiness, Management and Accounting
Abdulalem Mohammed, Abdullah Kaid Al‐Swidi, Mohammed A. Al-Hakimi et al. · 2025 · Discover Sustainability
The relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and competitive advantage (CA) has become more critical than ever for firms, particularly in the hospitality and other service industries, during times of crisis. This study…
View details →DOI: 10.1007/s43621-025-00824-7Cited by 10 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics and Astronomy
Matthias Klein, J. J. Mohr, C. T. Davies · 2024 · Astronomy and Astrophysics
Galaxy clusters are useful cosmological probes and interesting astrophysical laboratories. As the cluster samples continue to grow in size, a deeper understanding of the sample characteristics and improved control of systematics becomes more crucial. For this analysis we created a new and larger ACT-DR5-based thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Effect- (tSZE-) selected galaxy cluster catalog with improved control over sample purity and completeness. We employed the red sequence based cluster redshift and confirmation tool MCMF together with optical imaging data from the Legacy Survey DR-10 and infrared
View details →DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202451203Cited by 10 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience
Chao Jiang, Yingying Dai, Yunheng Ding et al. · 2024 · Brain Sciences
Electroencephalography (EEG)-based emotion recognition is increasingly pivotal in the realm of affective brain-computer interfaces. In this paper, we propose TSANN-TG (temporal-spatial attention neural network with a task-specific graph), a novel neural network architecture tailored for enhancing feature extraction and effectively integrating temporal-spatial features. TSANN-TG comprises three primary components: a node-feature-encoding-and-adjacency-matrices-construction block, a graph-aggregation block, and a graph-feature-fusion-and-classification block. Leveraging the distinct temporal sca
View details →DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14050516Cited by 10 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science
Ali Raza, Fareeha Hanif, Heba Abdelgader Mohammed · 2026 · Scientific Reports
Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and accurate early diagnosis plays a critical role in improving patient survival. In this study, a comparative analysis of multiple lightweight Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) variants is presented for multi-class lung cancer classification using histopathological images. Four CNN architectures were designed to systematically explore the trade-off between model complexity and classification performance. Each variant was trained and evaluated within a unified experimental framework incorporating data augment
View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-36652-6Cited by 10 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Amira Soliman, Björn Agvall, Kobra Etminani et al. · 2023 · Journal of Medical Internet Research
BACKGROUND: Sensitive and interpretable machine learning (ML) models can provide valuable assistance to clinicians in managing patients with heart failure (HF) at discharge by identifying individual factors associated with a high risk of readmission. In this cohort study, we delve into the factors driving the potential utility of classification models as decision support tools for predicting readmissions in patients with HF. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study is to assess the trade-off between using deep learning (DL) and traditional ML models to identify the risk of 100-day readmi
View details →DOI: 10.2196/46934Cited by 9 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Urszula Smyczyńska, Szymon Grabia, Zuzanna Nowicka et al. · 2021 · Cancers
State-of-art normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) models do not take into account more complex individual anatomical variations, which can be objectively quantitated and compared in radiomic analysis. The goal of this project was development of radiomic NTCP model for radiation-induced hypothyroidism (RIHT) using imaging biomarkers (radiomics). We gathered CT images and clinical data from 98 patients, who underwent intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for head and neck cancers with a planned total dose of 70.0 Gy (33–35 fractions). During the 28-month (median) follow-up 27 pat
View details →DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215584Cited by 9 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Akhilesh Mishra, Ajay Sharma, Kuldeep Gupta et al. · 2026 · Science Advances
Optimizing dosing strategies is critical to balance effectiveness and toxicity, especially for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). This study evaluates whether positron emission tomography (PET) imaging targeting Nectin-4 can noninvasively quantify the real-time interaction of the ADC enfortumab vedotin (EV) with tumors in urothelial carcinoma. Using the imaging agent [ 68 Ga]AJ647, dynamic changes in the interaction of EV with Nectin-4 were measured across preclinical models and correlated with therapeutic responses. PET imaging identified dose-depen
View details →DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ady1111Cited by 9 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Shanshan Zhang, Tingyu Wang, Ye Peng et al. · 2026 · Molecular Biomedicine
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized by motor impairments such as bradykinesia, tremor, and rigidity. Its neuropathological hallmarks include the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and the aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) into Lewy bodies (LBs), which gradually spread to other central nervous system regions and peripheral tissues. The etiology of PD is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, aging, environmental exposures, and lifestyle factors. Disease pathogenesis
View details →DOI: 10.1186/s43556-026-00445-0Cited by 9 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeuroscience
Toshiaki Taoka, Rintaro Ito, Rei Nakamichi et al. · 2026 · Japanese Journal of Radiology
Diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) was originally developed and defined as a noninvasive diffusion MRI method intended to evaluate glymphatic function and is now widely used in neuroimaging research. However, accumulating evidence suggests that the biological meaning of the ALPS index is more complex than initially assumed as a simple marker of glymphatic function. The ALPS index does not directly measure whole-brain fluid transport but rather reflects localized directional diffusivity based on the Brownian motion of water molecules. Its value is strongly i
View details →DOI: 10.1007/s11604-026-02035-0Cited by 9 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Lene Bjerke Laborie, Jennifer Lee, Edward Antram et al. · 2026 · European Radiology
OBJECTIVES: This scoping review aims to evaluate the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) models designed for adults when applied to paediatric imaging datasets without additional adaptations, and to quantify performance degradation across different modalities, use-cases and age groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search was conducted covering 10 years (1/01/2014-23/06/2025) using terms relating to "child", "adult", "artificial intelligence", "radiology" and "validation/performance". Two reviewers independently extracted data using standardised templates and conducted a narrativ
View details →DOI: 10.1007/s00330-026-12354-5Cited by 9 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Zhenghao Sun, Qian Gong, Zi-lai Wang et al. · 2026 · International Journal of Biological Sciences
The gut microbiota, as a source of profound genetic and metabolic capacity, affects every aspect of human biology including health, development and aging, as well as disease. Studies have demonstrated the crosstalk between the gut…
View details →DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.124499Cited by 9 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Émilie Le Rhun, Lakshmi Nayak, Mary Jane Lim-Fat et al. · 2024 · Neuro-Oncology
BACKGROUND: There are no validated tools for the clinical neurological assessment of patients with leptomeningeal metastases (LM). However, clinical examination during the course of the disease guides medical management and is part of response assessment in clinical trials. Because neuroimaging may not always be obtained owing to rapid clinical deterioration, clinical neurological assessment of LM is essential, and standardization is important to minimize rater disagreement. METHODS: The Response Assessment in Neuro-oncology-LM group launched a 2-step process, aiming at improving and standardi
View details →DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noae171Cited by 9 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessEnvironmental Science
Moritz Mager, Lukas Zeilerbauer, Alexander Felgel-Farnholz et al. · 2026 · Waste Management
European legislation, particularly the Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (PPWR), is rapidly increasing the demand for high-quality recycled polypropylene (PP) in packaging applications. Achieving such qualities through mechanical recycling remains challenging due to the heterogeneity of post-consumer waste, while the role of intensified washing in the overall decontamination remains debated. This study evaluates the influence of additional sorting and washing intensity on material properties, product performance, and environmental impacts in mechanical recycling of Dutch post-consumer r
View details →DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115356Cited by 9 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
F Visalli, Matteo Capobianco, F. Cappellani et al. · 2026 · International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Mitochondrial dysfunction represents a central hallmark of aging and a broad spectrum of chronic diseases, ranging from metabolic to neurodegenerative and ocular disorders. Nicotinamide riboside (NR), a vitamin B3 derivative and efficient precursor of NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), and berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid widely investigated in metabolic regulation, have independently emerged as promising mitochondrial modulators. NR enhances cellular NAD+ pools, thereby activating sirtuin-dependent pathways, stimulating PGC-1α–mediated mitochondrial biogenesis, and triggering
View details →DOI: 10.3390/ijms27010485Cited by 9 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
T. Nguyen, Tam Dao, Ha Thu Nguyen et al. · 2026 · Endocrinology and Metabolism
Sarcopenia is a progressive, age-related condition characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, which increases the risk of falls, frailty, and loss of independence. Despite growing recognition and its…
View details →DOI: 10.3803/enm.2025.2656Cited by 9 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysics and Astronomy
Lalitwadee Kawinwanichakij, Karl Glazebrook, Themiya Nanayakkara et al. · 2026 · The Astrophysical Journal
Abstract We present the morphological properties of 17 spectroscopically confirmed massive quiescent galaxies ( 10.2 < log ( M * / M ⊙ ) < 11.2 ) at 3.0 < z < 4.3, observed with JWST/NIRSpec and NIRCam. Using Sérsic profile fits to F277W and F444W imaging, we derive the size–mass relation and find typical sizes of ∼0.6–0.8 kpc at M * = 5 × 10 10 M ⊙ , consistent with ∼7× growth from z ∼ 4 to the present, including ∼2× by z ∼ 2. We find tentative evidence that formation history and morphology jointly influence galaxy sizes: late-forming bulge-dominated galaxies appear more compact by ∼0.2–0.3 d
View details →DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae0a18Cited by 9 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Gustavo Jimenez‐Maggiora, Arndt‐Peter Schulz, Michael Donohue et al. · 2024 · The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease
BACKGROUND: The Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's Disease (A4) and Longitudinal Evaluation of Amyloid Risk and Neurodegeneration (LEARN) studies were conducted between 2014 and 2023, with enrollment completed in 2017 and final study results reported in 2023. The study screening process involved the collection of initial clinical, cognitive, neuroimaging, and genetic measures to determine eligibility. Once randomized, enrolled participants were assessed every four weeks over a 4.5-year follow-up period during which longitudinal clinical, cognitive, and neuroimaging measures wer
View details →DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2024.120Cited by 9 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science
Andrea Espis, Chiara Marzi, Stefano Diciotti · 2025 · Scientific Reports
Self-supervised learning (SSL) in computer vision has shown its potential to reduce reliance on labeled data. However, most studies focused on balanced, large, broad-domain datasets like ImageNet, whereas, in real-world medical applications, dataset size is typically limited. This study compares the performance of SSL versus supervised learning (SL) on small, imbalanced medical imaging datasets. We experimented with four binary classification tasks: age prediction and diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease from brain magnetic resonance imaging scans, pneumonia from chest radiograms, and retinal dise
View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-99000-0Cited by 9 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Sarah Ancheta, Leah C. Dorman, Guillaume Le Treut et al. · 2026 · PLoS Computational Biology
Single-cell RNA sequencing is revolutionizing our understanding of cell state dynamics, allowing researchers to capture and quantify the transcriptomic profile of a single cell at a specific timepoint. Among the computational techniques used to predict cellular trajectories, RNA velocity has emerged as a predominant tool for modeling transcriptional dynamics. RNA velocity leverages the mRNA maturation process to generate velocity vectors that predict the likely future state of a cell, offering insights into cellular differentiation, aging, and disease progression. Although this technique has s
View details →DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1014303Cited by 9 Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine
Michael J. Corley, Varun B. Dwaraka, Alina P.S. Pang et al. · 2026 · Nature Communications
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have attracted interest as gerotherapeutics, yet clinical-trial evidence for their effects on biological aging is lacking. We report a post hoc exploratory epigenetic age analysis of a 32-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2b trial (NCT04019197) of semaglutide in adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated lipohypertrophy (semaglutide n = 45; placebo n = 39). The parent trial's primary endpoint was change in visceral adipose tissue, with secondary cardiometabolic and body-composition endpoints; epigenetic agi
View details →DOI: 10.1038/s41467-026-72861-3Cited by 9 