e-ISSN: Pending

Browse the failure-mode index

19,893 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures · Negative / Null Result Report. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMicrobiology

Prophages are infrequently associated with antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates

Tony H. Chang, Julie D. Pourtois, Naomi L. Haddock et al. · 2025 · mSphere

ABSTRACT Lysogenic bacteriophages can integrate their genome into the bacterial chromosome in the form of a prophage and can promote genetic transfer between bacterial strains in vitro. However, the contribution of lysogenic bacteriophages to the incidence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in clinical settings is poorly understood. Here, in a set of 186 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected from respiratory cultures from 82 patients with cystic fibrosis, we evaluate the links between prophage counts and both genomic and phenotypic resistance to six anti-pseudomonal antibiotics:

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Essential oil chemical composition, antimicrobial, anticancer, and antioxidant effects of Thymus convolutus Klokov in Turkey

Selma Celen Yuceturk, Sumeyye Aydogan Turkoglu, F. Kockar et al. · 2021 · Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C - A Journal of Biosciences

Abstract In this study, the chemical composition, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer effects of Thymus convolutus Klokov oil and its main compound camphor were investigated. The oil was isolated from T. convolutus using…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDentistry

The association between sedentary behavior and obstructive sleep apnea: a cross-sectional study from the NHANES (2007–2008 to 2015–2020)

Song Cai, SiYu Li, YaShi Zhou et al. · 2024 · BMC Oral Health

Abstract Background Sedentary behavior (SB) may contribute to obesity and lower extremity fluid retention, which may favor the development of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, linking sedentary behavior to OSA is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is an association between SB and OSA. Methods Three typical questions in the NHANES questionnaire(①The frequency of feeling excessively sleepy per month. ②The frequency of gasping, snorting or stopping breathing per week. ③The frequency of snoring per week.) have been used for the assessment of OSA. A physical activity

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDermatology

Association Between IFN-γ Gene Polymorphisms and IgA Nephropathy in a Chinese Han Population

Jie Gao, Linting Wei, Xinghan Liu et al. · 2017 · Kidney & Blood Pressure Research

Background/Aims: IFN-γ was reported to be involved in the development and progression of Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), however, few studies have investigated the association between IFN-γ polymorphisms and IgAN. Therefore, we performed a case-control study to assess the association between IFN-γ polymorphisms and the risk of IgAN. Methods: Sequenom MassARRAY was used to genotype two SNPs (rs1861494 and rs2430561) in 351 patients with IgAN and 310 healthy controls. Associations were evaluated as odd ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: No association was found between

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Qualitative Assessment of Cerebral Perfusion in Post Stroke Seizure Patients using Arterial Spin Labeling: A Case-control Study

Anjali B Susan, Uttam B George, Jeyaraj D Pandian · 2022 · Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research

Introduction: Arterial Spin Labeling-Perfusion Weighted Imaging (ASL-PWI) assesses cerebral blood flow using magnetically labeled inflowing arterial blood water protons as freely diffusible tracer without exogenous contrast agent. Seizures are one of the sequelae of stroke with its mechanism not well studied. Aim: Qualitative assessment of cerebral perfusion in post stroke seizure patients using ASL-PWI and comparison of perfusion patterns in post stroke seizure patients and stroke patients. Materials and Methods: This was a case-control study among 100 stroke patients who underwent Magnetic R

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens

Clinicopathological correlations with p53 expression in gastric cancer patients with curative resection

Sung Ui Jung, Kwang Kuk Park, Song I Yang et al. · 2014 · Korean Journal of Clinical Oncology

Purpose: Mutations in the p53 gene and accumulation of p53 protein are the most common genetic events in gastric carcinomas. This study evaluates the association of p53 gene expression with clinicopathologic findings and prognosis of gastric cancer patients who underwent curative resection. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on 236 consecutive patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery at the Kosin University Gospel Hospital between December 2011 and September 2012. Nuclear p53 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: p53 expression was detected in 213 patie

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Frequency of Raised Intraocular Pressure after Nd: Yag Laser Capsulotomy in Pseudophakic Patients

Zoya maqsood , Shahid Jamal Siddiqui, Nimarta Bai et al. · 2025 · Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences

Objective: To determine the frequency of raised intraocular pressure (IOP) following neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser capsulotomy in pseudophakic patients and to compare outcomes between high- and low-energy procedures. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology, Khairpur Medical College / Civil Hospital, Khairpur Mirs, Pakistan from April to September 2024. A total of 139 pseudophakic patients with posterior capsular opacification (PCO) undergoing Nd:YAG capsulotomy were enrolled. Baseline demographic and clinical dat

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessOphthalmology

Effect of donor graft thickness on clinical outcomes after descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty

Sepehr Feizi, Mohammad Ali Javadi · 2019 · Journal of Ophthalmic & Vision Research

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of donor graft thickness on postoperative best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), refractive outcomes, endothelial cell density (ECD) and function, intraocular pressure (IOP), and postoperative complications after Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK). Methods: This retrospective, interventional case series enrolled 77 eyes of 64 patients who underwent DSAEK with or without simultaneous cataract surgery. Clinical outcomes, including BSCVA, refraction, keratometric astigmatism, IOP, and ECD were assessed at the final follow-up exa

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessIndustrial safety. Industrial accident prevention

ANALISIS HUBUNGAN STATUS GIZI DAN IKLIM KERJA DENGAN KELELAHAN KERJA DI CATERING HIKMAH FOOD SURABAYA

Ridha Ramayanti · 2017 · The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health

ABSTRACT Work fatigue is condition which some factors have interaction with the workers. Fatigue may occur in the workforce by various factors, such as nutritional status and work climate. This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and work climate with work fatigue in Hikmah Food Catering. This was an observational analytic study using a cross sectional design. Samples size 43 peoples were taken by simple random sampling method. The correlation between the dependent and independent variables were analyzed by spearman correlation test (α = 0,05). Work clima

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDiseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology

Air pollution and gestational diabetes mellitus: evidence from cohort studies

Yoriko Heianza, Lu Qi, Marly Augusto Cardoso et al. · 2020 · BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care

Exposure to different air pollutants has been linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus, but the evidence for the association between air pollutants and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has not been systematically evaluated. We systematically retrieved relevant studies from PubMed, Embase, and the Web of Science, and performed stratified analyses and regression analyses. Thirteen studies were analyzed, comprising 1 547 154 individuals from nine retrospective studies, three prospective studies, and one case–control study. Increased exposure to particulate matter ≤2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) was not

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The association between smartphone addiction and dry eye disease: A cross-sectional study

Ayman Mohammed Baabdullah, Abdulmalik Ghassan Abumohssin, Yara Aedh Alqahtani et al. · 2019 · Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine

Background: The use of smartphones has increased exponentially. Excessive usage of smartphones has been shown to have a negative impact on ocular health. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between smartphone addiction and dry eye disease (DED) and determine the risk factors of DED in participants associated with smartphone addiction. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2017. Participants were selected from the Faculty of Medicine at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Stratified random sampling technique was used to recruit participa

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDiseases of the musculoskeletal system

Reduced Ovarian Function in Female Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Trying to Conceive

Jenny Brouwer, Radboud J. E. M. Dolhain, Johanna M. W. Hazes et al. · 2019 · ACR Open Rheumatology

Objective Subfertility, a time to pregnancy (TTP) longer than 12 months, is present in 40% of female patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who are actively trying to conceive. Because patients with RA appear to reach menopause at a younger age, diminished ovarian function may explain the reduced fertility. Serum anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels are the best proxy to measure ovarian function. Our objectives were to study AMH levels in female patients with RA and determine the association of preconception serum AMH levels with TTP. Methods A post hoc analysis was performed before conception

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Circulating levels of sclerostin are associated with cardiovascular mortality.

Cristina Novo-Rodríguez, Beatriz García-Fontana, Juan De Dios Luna-Del Castillo et al. · 2018 · PLoS ONE

Cardiovascular diseases are a health problem throughout the world, especially in people with diabetes. The identification of cardiovascular disease biomarkers can improve risk stratification. Sclerostin is a modulator of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway in different tissues, and it has recently been linked to vascular biology. The current study aimed to evaluate the relationship between circulating sclerostin levels and cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes. We followed up a cohort of 130 participants (mean age 56.8 years; 48.5% fem

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNursing

Maternal Factors in Stunting Among Vulnerable Children

Stefanus Mendes Kiik, Muhammad Saleh Nuwa · 2021 · Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

Children with stunting in Indonesia and other low-middle countries remains a serious problem. This study aimed to identify the association between maternal education, maternal age, maternal height, preceding birth interval, and ANC clinic visits and stunting among vulnerable children in Kupang Regency, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was conducted of two villages in Kupang Regency. The study sample comprised female ex-refugees from Timor Leste who had children aged 24–59 months. The subjects were chosen using consecutive sampling, with a total number of 154. Data were collected from both pr

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens

HER2-low and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in triple-negative breast cancer: Are they connected?

Ximena Baez-Navarro, Nadine S. van den Ende, Anh H. Nguyen et al. · 2024 · Breast Cancer Research

Abstract Most patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are not candidates for targeted therapy, leaving chemotherapy as the primary treatment option. Recently, immunotherapy has demonstrated promising results in TNBC, due to its immunogenicity. In addition, a novel antibody–drug conjugate, namely, trastuzumab-deruxtecan, has shown effectiveness in TNBC patients with low-HER2 expression (HER2-low). These novel treatment options raise the question about the potential association between the density of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) and the level of HER2 expression. We a

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMathematics

Winter wheat yield and yield components as affected by soil tillage systems

I. Jug, D. Jug, M. Sabo et al. · 2011 · Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences

Eight different soil tillage systems (TS) for winter wheat after soybean crop production were compared at the chernozem soil type in Croatian Baranya region in a 4-year period (2001/2002, 2002/2003, 2003/2004, 2004/2005). Tillage systems…

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine (General)

Association between Serum Cotinine Levels, Fetal Biometry, and Umbilical Artery Flow in Pregnant Women Exposed to Secondhand Smoke

Margaret Diana , Deviana Soraya Riu, Fatmawati Madya et al. · 2025 · Obgynia

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of SHS exposure on fetal biometry and umbilical artery flow at 24 – 28 weeks of gestation. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 110 pregnant women, divided into a study group (55 passive) smokers and a control group (55 non-passive smokers). Serum cotinine levels were measured using ELISA. Fetal biometry (biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length) and umbilical artery flow (pulsatility and resistance indices) were assessed via ultrasound and Doppler ultrasonography. Group comparisons were con

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessDermatology

Clinico-epidemiology and histopathologic spectrum of primary scarring alopecia: A cross-sectional study

Souvik Sardar, Somenath Sarkar, Indrashis Podder et al. · 2022 · Indian Journal of Dermatology

Background: Primary scarring alopecias (PSAs) are a rare group of dermatological disorders with overlapping clinical features. They result in permanent hair loss and significant psychological morbidity. Aims: To analyze the clinico-epidemiology of PSAs of the scalp, along with clinico-pathological correlation. Methods: We conducted a cross sectional, observational study including 53 histopathologically confirmed cases of PSA. Clinico-demographic parameters, hair care practices, and histologic characteristics were noted and statistically analyzed. Results: Among 53 patients (mean age 30.9 ± 8.1

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiology (General)

Assessment of possible association between rs378854 and prostate cancer risk in the Serbian population

Brajušković G., Nikolić Zorana, Kojić A. et al. · 2013 · Archives of Biological Sciences

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer among men worldwide. Despite its high incidence rate, the molecular basis of PCa onset and its progression remains little understood. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have greatly contributed to the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) associated with PCa risk. Several GWAS identified 8q24 as one of the most significant PCa-associated regions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of SNP rs378854 at 8q24 with PCa risk in the Serbian population. The study population included 261 individua

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Ocular manifestations of COVID-19: facts and figures from a tertiary care center

Nissar Shaikh, Huda Al Mahdi, Anant Pai et al. · 2022 · Annals of Medicine

Introduction COVID-19 patients presenting with ocular manifestations are from 0.8% to 32% of patients seen in the ED. The available literature is scarce regarding COVID-19 patients presenting with ocular manifestations from the Middle Eastern region. Purpose This study aims to report the incidence of ocular signs and symptoms in COVID-19 patients and find any correlation between the occurrence of ocular manifestations and patients’ comorbidities. Methods All patients having the primary diagnosis of COVID-19 infection and concurrent ocular manifestations on admission to our tertiary COVID-19 he

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Discordance in gender role attitudes between spouses and its relationship with the risk biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases: a couple-level analysis

Kiho Sung, Junsol Kim, Yeong-Ran Park et al. · 2026 · Scientific Reports

Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is prevalent among older adults, but studies often focus on individual spouses rather than couple dynamics. This study examines how interplay between spouses—specifically discordance in gender role attitudes—relates to CVD risk biomarkers, using couple-matched data from the Korean Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (KSHAP) on 308 older married couples (616 individuals). Actor-partner interdependence models (APIM) reveal that discordant gender role attitudes are significantly associated with higher CVD risk markers—higher systolic blood pressure, higher

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessGeriatrics

Regarding the influence of sex and aging on dry eye disease

Han SB · 2017 · Clinical Interventions in Aging

Sang Beom HanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of KoreaI read with great interest the article by Ahn et al1 entitled “Sex differences in the effect of aging on dry eye disease”, in which the authors revealed the sex differences in the effect of aging on dry eye disease (DED) in Korean adult population. They also showed the differences in patterns of DED following ocular surgery according to sex.1 The large population-based cross-sectional study was undoubtfully well designe

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPublic aspects of medicine

Sex differences and dietary patterns in the association of air pollutants and hypertension

Chen Zhang, Yuanyuan Wang, Wei Xie et al. · 2024 · BMC Public Health

Abstract Background Hypertension is one of the major public health problems in China. Limited evidence exists regarding sex differences in the association between hypertension and air pollutants, as well as the impact of dietary factors on the relationship between air pollutants and hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate the sex-specific effects of dietary patterns on the association between fine particulate matter (PM2.5), ozone(O3) and hypertension in adults residing in Jiangsu Province of China. Methods A total of 3189 adults from the 2015 China Adult Chronic Disease and Nut

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens

A comprehensive analysis of Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS)/the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) on immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy among patients with advanced cancer

Yongchao Zhang, Shanshan Chen, Hualei Chen et al. · 2023 · Cancer Medicine

Abstract Background The association between Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) and the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) and clinical outcomes in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remains controversial. Thus, this meta‐analysis aimed to examine the prognostic performance of GPS and mGPS in patients treated with ICIs. Methods Eligible studies were retrieved from searches of EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library until July 2021. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled by using fixed‐effect or random‐effects model to evaluate the

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessOphthalmology

Association between visual status and mental health status in Thai rural elderly: a community-based study

Pear Pongsachareonnont, Nopphawan Uramphorn, Nuchanad Hounnaklang · 2018 · International Journal of Ophthalmology

AIM: To evaluate the association between visual impairment (VI) and mental health or social engagement in older adults living in rural Thailand. METHODS: Data for this cross-sectional study were drawn from a community survey conducted in 2015 in Saraburi Province, Thailand. Participants were 327 adults aged ≥50y. VI was assessed using presenting distance visual acuity. Mental health and social engagement were evaluated in face-to-face interviews using validated questionnaires. After determining the prevalence of VI and relevant sociodemographic characteristics, multivariate regression analysis

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Polymorphisms of estrogen metabolism-related genes ESR1 , UGT2B17 , and UGT1A1 are not associated with osteoporosis in artificial menopausal Japanese women

Megumi Yokota, Akira Hirasawa, Kazuya Makita et al. · 2015 · Menopause Review

Introduction : Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) is a risk factor for osteoporosis. Previous studies have reported an association between genetic polymorphisms and the risk of developing osteoporosis. However, the relationship between osteoporosis and genetic polymorphisms in Japanese women treated with BSO is not well understood. To improve the quality of life for post-BSO patients, it is important to determine the genetic factors that influence their risk for osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between gene variations of estrogen metabolism-related gene

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The Role of Serum Beta-Trace Protein in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Sepsis Patients in the Emergency Department

Mehmet Yortanlı, Ramazan Köylü, Öznur Köylü et al. · 2025 · Eurasian Journal of Emergency Medicine

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic significance of serum beta-trace protein (BTP) levels in patients diagnosed with sepsis in the emergency department. Materials and Methods: This prospective, single-center, observational clinical study was conducted in the emergency department and intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital. A total of 104 sepsis patients and 48 healthy adult volunteers who presented to the emergency department between April 2015 and October 2015 were included. Blood samples were collected on days 1 and 3, and BTP levels were measured using the ELI

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Influence of Ergonomic Breastfeeding on Risk of Developing Musculoskeletal Disorders on Lactating Mothers and Quality of Infant’s Latch: A Quasi-experimental Study

Aditi Prayag, Salima Bijapuri, Shweta Bhatbolan et al. · 2025 · Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research

Introduction: Breastmilk is recognised as the best infant nutrition, but Exclusive Breastfeeding (EBF) rates remain as low as 63.7% in India and 48% worldwide. One barrier is the development of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) in postpartum mothers due to a lack of education on proper breastfeeding posture. These factors can impact the quality of the infant’s latch, resulting in early cessation of breastfeeding. Aim: This study aimed to assess the impact of ergonomic breastfeeding on the risk of developing MSD in lactating mothers and infant latch quality. Materials and Methods: The present qu

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The association between physical activity and atrial fibrillation applying the Heaviside function in survival analysis: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Yaser Mokhayeri, Seyed Saeed Hashemi-Nazari, Mohammad Ali Mansournia et al. · 2017 · Epidemiology and Health

OBJECTIVES Although the effect of physical activity (PA) on the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) has been studied, contradictory results have been reported. Such discrepancies may reflect the different effects of various types of PA upon AF, as well as gender interactions. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the associations of PA types (total, moderate/vigorous, and intentional), as well as walking pace, with AF risk in men and women. METHODS Using the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Typical Week Physical Activity Survey, 3 PA measures and walking pace were calculated among 6,487 men a

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen access

How to The Impact on Transformational Leadership Style and Job Motivation On Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB) With Job Satisfaction as Mediating Variables at Outsourcing Company

Agus Arijanto · 2022 · Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies

This study aims to analyze the effect of transformational leadership style and work motivation on employee organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) mediated by employee job satisfaction. The object of the research is employees of PT.…

View details →