e-ISSN: Pending

Browse the failure-mode index

19,854 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures · Negative / Null Result Report. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBusiness

Pembingkaian Pesan Dan Persepsi Risiko Psikologis Pada Isu Konsumen Hijau

Euis Soliha, H. Sophiyanto Wuryan · 2016 · Jurnal Manajemen Teori dan Terapan

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of the message framing on the perceived psychological risk on green environmental issues. Consumers nowadays have become more critical about issues on green consumer due to the increasing levels of consumers’ knowledge. Government and marketers also should perform active movement to increase consumers’ awareness of their environment. Those include giving a message to the consumers. When marketers deliver the message, they need to concern about message framing. Message framing is likely to influence the consumer's perception. Research design

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNursing

The impact of training on the application of palliative methods for labor pain reduction

Geranmayeh M, Rezaeipour A, Haghani H et al. · 2006 · حیات

Background & Aim: The severe pain of labor is the important cause of fear and anxiety in pregnant women. This study has been performed to evaluate effect of education on midwives practice. Methods & Materials: This is a quasi-experimental study. That was done 59 midwives in the labor wards of non-educational of Guilan University of Medical Sciences Hospital. Data gathered by a questioner, which its validity was done by panel of experts and reliability by test-retest. 59 midwives were chosen by quota sampling and participated in a one-day workshop. Pretest and post-test questioner completed bef

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurology. Diseases of the nervous system

Comparison of Compliance Rates and Classification of Epileptic Seizures with ILAE 1981, Lüders, ILAE 2001 Epilepsy Classification Systems, Before and After Their Monitorization

Akçay ÖVÜNÇ ÖZÖN, Erhan BİLİR · 2015 · Archives of Epilepsy

Objectives:Epileptic seizures diagnosed wth clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) signs were classified according to ILAE 1981, Lüders, and ILAE 2001 systems in the present study, the aim of which was to compare classification systems by means of preictal and postictal consistency, and to determine deficiencies of the classification systems.Methods:In the present study, 50 patients who had epileptic seizures during monitorization were evaluated by a single observer at the Gazi University Medical Faculty Long-Term Video-EEG Monitorization Unit between March 2003 and September 2004. Seizure

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Manipulating self and other schemas to explore psychological processes associated with paranoid beliefs: an online experimental study

Anton P. Martinez, Elizabeth Milne, Georgina Rowse et al. · 2025 · Frontiers in Psychology

BackgroundInformation about the self and others is organized in cognitive-affective structures that influence and guide interpersonal behavior. These structures are referred to as relational schemas and are thought to be influenced by early interpersonal experiences with significant others leading to secure or insecure attachment patterns as adults. When insecure, these patterns appear to contribute to paranoid interpretations about the intentions of others by indirect pathways such as negative self-esteem and a bias toward untrustworthiness. Experimental studies employing classical conditioni

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessConsciousness. Cognition

Is Mental Effort Exertion Contagious? A Replication Study

Alessandro Mazza, Ellen Voorrips, Gethin Hughes et al. · 2025 · Journal of Cognition

Daily, we perform activities in the presence of others (e.g., office work). While it’s well-established that the mere presence of others can influence our performance, it is less clear whether others’ performance, rather than just their presence, influences us. To address this, we replicated Desender et al.’s (2016) study, Is mental effort contagious?, and conducted a second experiment to follow up on our failure to replicate their findings. Desender et al. (2016) used a modified joint Simon task where two participants performed side by side. The manipulated participant completed an easy (most

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry

Changes in H-Reflex Recruitment After Trans-Spinal Direct Current Stimulation With Multiple Electrode Configurations

Alexander Kuck, Alexander Kuck, Dick F. Stegeman et al. · 2018 · Frontiers in Neuroscience

Trans-spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) is an electro-modulatory tool with possible application in the rehabilitation of spinal cord injury. TsDCS generates a small electric field, aiming to induce lasting, functional neuromodulation in the targeted neuronal networks. Earlier studies have shown significant modulatory effects after application of lumbar tsDCS. However, for clinical application, a better understanding of application specific factors is required. Our goal was to investigate the effect of different electrode configurations using lumbar spinal tsDCS on spinal excitability.

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Early Maladaptive Schemas’ Associations with Big-Five Personality Traits in Two Non-Clinical Adult Samples from Different Cultural Backgrounds

Aiste Dirzyte, Aidas Perminas, Aiste Skarnulyte et al. · 2024 · European Journal of Mental Health

Introduction: While personality traits and early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) can affect an individual’s behavior and well-being, the links between these constructs are under-researched, especially in non-clinical samples. Aims: Two studies were conducted to address these links, intending to explore their specifics, as previous research evidenced various associations’ models. Methods: In Study 1, the sample consisted of 120 respondents (65.0% females) living in the UK and the USA. In Study 2, the sample consisted of 244 respondents (68.0% females) living in Lithuania. In both studies, most of th

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Genome-wide association study of vitamin D concentrations and bone mineral density in the African American-Diabetes Heart Study.

Nicholette D Palmer, Lingyi Lu, Thomas C Register et al. · 2021 · PLoS ONE

Relative to European Americans, African Americans have lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) and vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) concentrations, higher 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3) concentrations and bone mineral density (BMD), and paradoxically reduced burdens of calcified atherosclerotic plaque (subclinical atherosclerosis). To identify genetic factors contributing to vitamin D and BMD measures, association analysis of >14M variants was conducted in a maximum of 697 African American-Diabetes Heart Study participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The most significant association signals w

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Circulating inflammatory biomarkers and risk of intracranial aneurysm: a Mendelian randomization study

Jianxun Fang, Yuze Cao, Jun Ni · 2024 · European Journal of Medical Research

Abstract Background Intracranial aneurysm (IA) accounts for a substantial source of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, with inflammation postulated as a potential factor in its pathogenesis. The present study aims at evaluating the association between circulating inflammatory cytokines and risk of IA under a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design. Methods For primary analysis, summary statistics of inflammatory regulators was obtained from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) comprising 8293 Finnish participants. Summary data of IA were extracted from a GWAS which c

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

The (non-)replicability of regulatory resource depletion: A field report employing non-invasive brain stimulation.

Franziska Emmerling, Carolien Martijn, Hugo J E M Alberts et al. · 2017 · PLoS ONE

Cognitive effort and self-control are exhausting. Although evidence is ambiguous, behavioural studies have repeatedly suggested that control-demanding tasks seem to deplete a limited cache of self-regulatory resources leading to performance degradations and fatigue. While resource depletion has indirectly been associated with a decline in right prefrontal cortex capacity, its precise neural underpinnings have not yet been revealed. This study consisted of two independent experiments, which set out to investigate the causal role of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in a classic d

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Workspace Disorder Does Not Influence Creativity and Executive Functions

Alberto Manzi, Yana Durmysheva, Shannon K. Pinegar et al. · 2019 · Frontiers in Psychology

Recent research by Vohs et al. (2013) garnered media attention after reporting that disordered environments increase creativity. The present research was designed to conceptually replicate and extend this finding by exploring the effect of workspace disorder on creativity. Participants were randomly assigned to work at a neatly organized (Order condition) or a messy desk (Disorder condition), where they completed several paper-and-pencil and computerized tasks, including two validated creativity measures (Abbreviated Torrance Test for Adults; ATTA; Goff and Torrance, 2002; Alternative Uses Tas

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Does incidental pride increase competency evaluation of others who appear careless? Discrete positive emotions and impression formation.

Toshiki Saito, Kosuke Motoki, Rui Nouchi et al. · 2019 · PLoS ONE

Emotion plays important and diverse roles across various social relations. Although the social functions of emotion have attracted increased attention, the effects of positive emotions such as pride on impression formation remain poorly understood. Drawing on social projection theory, this study examined how incidental experiences of pride influenced the impressions of those who made a blunder, along with two other characteristics: the person's warmth and competence. Participants were designated randomly to receive inductions of pride, awe, or a neutral emotion. Subsequently, they were asked t

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Does willpower mindset really moderate the ego-depletion effect? A preregistered replication of Job, Dweck, and Walton (2010).

Nicholas P Carruth, Jairo A Ramos, Akira Miyake · 2023 · PLoS ONE

This article reports a preregistered study in which we attempted to replicate the results of an influential study on the ego-depletion effect reported by Job, Dweck, and Walton in 2010. The original Job et al. study (Study 1, N = 60) provided evidence that the ego-depletion effect-a performance decrease on a self-control task after performing another self-control task-occurs only for individuals who hold a belief that their willpower is limited. This moderation of the ego-depletion effect by one's willpower mindset (limited vs. nonlimited) has been interpreted as evidence against a prevalent l

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessBiotechnology

BMP9 attenuates microgravity-related disuse osteoporosis by modulating TGFβ and BMP signaling

Haoyang Zhao, Mengfan Yang, Yujiao Liu et al. · 2025 · npj Microgravity

Abstract Disuse osteoporosis, caused by mechanical unloading, is linked to dysregulated TGFβ and BMP signaling. This study explores their roles and evaluates BMP9 as a potential therapy. A hindlimb unloading (HLU) mouse model was used to assess bone changes and signaling alterations. In vitro, a Rotary Cell Culture System (RCCS) with 3D printing simulated microgravity. BMP9 was overexpressed in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and osteocytes treated with TGFβ1. HLU mice showed reduced bone density, microstructural integrity, and dysregulated signaling (increased p-Smad2/3, decreased p-Smad1/5

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry

Intermodal Priming of Cognitive Conflict? A Failed Replication of Mager et al. (2009)

Daniel Wiswede, Jascha Rüsseler · 2021 · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

Introduction: The present study was conducted to verify a promising experimental setup which demonstrated an inversed Stroop-effect (much faster responses for incongruent relative to congruent Stroop trials) following a mismatching tone. In the matching condition, which was an almost exact replication of the original study, participants were required to indicate whether word color and word meaning were matching, whereas in the response conflict condition, instruction was the same as in a classical Stroop task and required the participants to respond to the word color. As in the original study,

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Culture of skeletal myoblasts from human donors aged over 40 years: dynamics of cell growth and expression of differentiation markers

Cherubino Paolo, Sala Andrea, Casalone Rosario et al. · 2005 · Journal of Translational Medicine

Abstract Background Local myogenesis, neoangiogenesis and homing of progenitor cells from the bone marrow appear to contribute to repair of the infarcted myocardium. Implantation into heart tissues of autologous skeletal myoblasts has been associated with improved contractile function in animal models and in humans with acute myocardial ischemia. Since heart infarction is most prevalent in individuals of over 40 years of age, we tested whether culture methods available in our laboratory were adequate to obtain sufficient numbers of differentiated skeletal myoblasts from muscle biopsy specimens

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

NUMANOMO POKYČIO APTIKIMAS: AR GALIME APSIEITI BE SĄMONĖS ĮSITERPIMO?

A. Norvilas, Miller J. C. · 2010 · Psichologija

D. Fernandez-Duque ir I. M. Thornton (2000) tariamai atrado, kad asmuo gali užfiksuoti pakitimą ir be sąmonės įsiterpimo. Tačiau šį atradimą gerokai menkina vienas pačių autorių pripažintas metodologinis trūkumas – kontrolinių bandymų nebuvimas. Siekdami tiksliau nustatyti, ar norint pastebėti pakitimą reikia sąmonės tarpininkavimo, ar jo užfiksavimas gali vykti ir be sąmonės įsiterpimo, dar kartą tyrėme, kaip matomame objekte aptinkamas pasikeitimas, tačiau šį kartą tyrėmė dvejopai: vienu atveju be kontrolinių bandymų, kaip ir D. Fernandez-Duque ir I. M. Thorntonas, o kitu atveju atlikome ir

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessInternal medicine

Association between triglycerides, known risk SNVs and conserved rare variation in SLC25A40 in a multi-ancestry cohort

Elisabeth A. Rosenthal, David R. Crosslin, Adam S. Gordon et al. · 2021 · BMC Medical Genomics

Abstract Background Elevated triglycerides (TG) are associated with, and may be causal for, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and co-morbidities such as type II diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Pathogenic variants in APOA5 and APOC3 as well as risk SNVs in other genes [APOE (rs429358, rs7412), APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster (rs964184), INSR (rs7248104), CETP (rs7205804), GCKR (rs1260326)] have been shown to affect TG levels. Knowledge of genetic causes for elevated TG may lead to early intervention and targeted treatment for CVD. We previously identified linkage and association of a rare, highly cons

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessImmunologic diseases. Allergy

A novel HIV-1 restriction factor that is biologically distinct from APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases in a human T cell line CEM.NKR

Zhou Tao, Han Yanxing, Dang Ying et al. · 2009 · Retrovirology

Abstract Background Isolation of novel retroviral restriction factors will open new avenues for anti-HIV/AIDS treatment. Although HIV-1 replication is restricted by APOBEC3G/APOBEC3F, TRIM5α, and CD317, none defend HIV-1 infection under natural conditions. Previously, we demonstrated a host factor from the human T cell line CEM.NKR that potently restricted wild-type HIV-1 replication. Interestingly, this restriction resembled the APOBEC3G/APOBEC3F pattern in that viral replication was inhibited from the second round of replication cycle at a post-entry step. Results Here, we further characteri

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

NOS2 polymorphisms in prediction of benefit from first-line chemotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer patients.

Marta Schirripa, Wu Zhang, Dongyun Yang et al. · 2018 · PLoS ONE

BACKGROUND:Macrophages play a crucial role in the interaction between tumor and immune system, and iNOS is known as a surrogate marker of M1 macrophages activation. The goal of the study was to investigate the role of iNOS polymorphisms as prognostic marker in mCRC patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Functional significant polymorphisms in the promoter of INOS gene were analyzed by PCR-based and direct DNA sequencing in 4 cohorts of patients receiving bevacizumab based first-line chemotherapy: two evaluation cohorts (TRIBE ARM A and ARM B) and two validation cohorts (FIRE 3 arm A and MOMA). The re

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry

On the Effect of Bilateral Eye Movements on Memory Retrieval in Ageing and Dementia

Megan Polden, Trevor J. Crawford · 2022 · Brain Sciences

It has been reported that performing bilateral eye movements for a short period can lead to an enhancement of memory retrieval and recall (termed the “saccade induced retrieval effect (SIRE)”). The source of this effect has been debated within the literature and the phenomenon has come under scrutiny as the robustness of the effect has recently been questioned. To date investigations of SIRE have largely been restricted to younger adult populations. Here, across two experiments, we assess the robustness and generalisability of the SIRE specifically in relation to disease and ageing. Experiment

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Does willpower mindset really moderate the ego-depletion effect? A preregistered replication of Job, Dweck, and Walton (2010)

Nicholas P. Carruth, Jairo A. Ramos, Akira Miyake · 2023 · PLoS ONE

This article reports a preregistered study in which we attempted to replicate the results of an influential study on the ego-depletion effect reported by Job, Dweck, and Walton in 2010. The original Job et al. study (Study 1, N = 60) provided evidence that the ego-depletion effect—a performance decrease on a self-control task after performing another self-control task—occurs only for individuals who hold a belief that their willpower is limited. This moderation of the ego-depletion effect by one’s willpower mindset (limited vs. nonlimited) has been interpreted as evidence against a prevalent l

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMotor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics

After Vehicle Automation Fails: Analysis of Driver Steering Behavior after a Sudden Deactivation of Control

Azadeh DinparastDjadid, John D. Lee, Chris Schwarz et al. · 2018 · International Journal of Automotive Engineering

Vehicles with SAE Level 2 or 3 automation rely on the driver to intervene and resume control when failures occur. In cases which the driver must steer upon regaining control, the initial conditions of the vehicle’s state variables can affect the success of the drivers' recovery. Hence, a model to determine the consequences of these initial states could help identify the requirements of shared control to guarantee a smooth recovery after an automation failure. Such a modeling tool should be simple, such as a two-point visual continuous control model of steering. Data to validate such a model we

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

DNAm scores for serum GDF15 and NT-proBNP levels associate with a range of traits affecting the body and brain

Danni A. Gadd, Hannah M. Smith, Donncha Mullin et al. · 2024 · Clinical Epigenetics

Abstract Background Plasma growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and N‐terminal proB‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) are cardiovascular biomarkers that associate with a range of diseases. Epigenetic scores (EpiScores) for GDF15 and NT-proBNP may provide new routes for risk stratification. Results In the Generation Scotland cohort (N ≥ 16,963), GDF15 levels were associated with incident dementia, ischaemic stroke and type 2 diabetes, whereas NT-proBNP levels were associated with incident ischaemic heart disease, ischaemic stroke and type 2 diabetes (all PFDR 95%) with levels of GDF15 an

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPhysiology

Modeling age‐dependent developmental changes in the expression of genes involved in citrulline synthesis using pig enteroids

Mahmoud A. Mohammad, Inka C. Didelija, Barbara Stoll et al. · 2020 · Physiological Reports

Abstract Background Age‐dependent changes in the intestinal gene expression of enzymes involved in the metabolism of citrulline and arginine are well characterized. Enteroids, a novel ex‐vivo model that recreates the three‐dimensional structure of the intestinal crypt‐villus unit, have shown to replicate molecular and physiological profiles of the intestinal segment from where they originated (“location memory”). Objective The present study tested the hypothesis that enteroids recapitulate the developmental changes observed in vivo regarding citrulline production in pigs (“developmental memory

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessInternal medicine

The effect of FOXA2 rs1209523 on glucose-related phenotypes and risk of type 2 diabetes in Danish individuals

Banasik Karina, Hollensted Mette, Andersson Ehm et al. · 2012 · BMC Medical Genetics

Abstract Background Variations within the FOXA family have been studied for a putative contribution to the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and recently the minor T-allele of FOXA2 rs1209523 was reported to associate with decreased fasting plasma glucose levels in a study using a weighted false discovery rate control procedure to enhance the statistical power of genome wide association studies in detecting associations between low-frequency variants and a given trait. Thus, the primary aim of this study was to investigate whether the minor T-allele of rs1205923 in FOXA2 associated with 1) decrea

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessPsychology

Early Maladaptive Schemas' Associations with Big-Five Personality Traits in a Non-Clinical Adult Sample

Aiste DIRZYTE, Aidas PERMINAS, Aiste SKARNULYTE et al. · 2024 · European Journal of Mental Health

Introduction: While personality traits and early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) can affect an individual’s behavior and well-being, the links between these constructs are under-researched, especially in non-clinical samples. Aims: Two studies were conducted to address these links, intending to explore their specifics, as previous research evidenced various associations’ models. Methods: In Study 1, the sample consisted of 120 respondents (65.0% females) living in the UK and the USA. In Study 2, the sample consisted of 244 respondents (68.0% females) living in Lithuania. In both studies, most of th

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry

Replication challenges in linking personality to resting-state functional connectomics

Nikola Jajcay, David Tomeček, Iveta Fajnerová et al. · 2026 · Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience

An increasing number of studies are currently focusing on “personality neuroscience,” a term denoting the research aimed at neuroimaging correlates of inter-individual temperament and character variability. Among other methods, a graph theoretical analysis of the functional connectivity in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data was applied in a study by, reporting novel functional connectivity correlates of personality traits. The current paper presents a conceptual replication of the results of this study and discusses the related challenges, including an extension of the or

View details →
Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Exploration of shared genetic susceptibility loci between type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis in the Pakistani population

Muhammad Muaaz Aslam, Peter John, Kang-Hsien Fan et al. · 2019 · BMC Research Notes

Abstract Objective Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are autoimmune diseases. It is known that certain genetic loci and factors that increase the overall autoimmunity risk can be shared among different autoimmune diseases. We sought to replicate seven T1D-related SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) that have been previously reported to be associated with RA susceptibility in a small set of mixed family-based and case–control Pakistani sample in a relatively large and independent RA case–control sample from the same population. Seven T1D-associated SNPs (GLIS3/rs7020673, BA

View details →