11,407 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Medicine · Negative / Null Result Report. Search the index →
WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.
Qi Sun, Yanping Zhao, Simiao Qiao et al. · 2026 · Nature Communications
Radiotherapy can both activate and suppress immunity, making it difficult to predict or modulate these opposing effects for better cancer treatment. Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), a cellular-level radiotherapy, has demonstrated…
View details →Yüksel Erkin, Erkan Özduran, İlhan Celil Özbek et al. · 2026 · PLoS ONE
Patients seeking information about Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS), which affects a large segment of the population, are increasingly turning to AI-based chatbots as an alternative to traditional methods. However, the medical accuracy of the content offered by these digital platforms, as well as its suitability to the "grade 6 reading level" standard, which determines its comprehensibility by patients, is a critical point of uncertainty. This study aims to fill this significant gap in the literature by systematically comparing MPS content generated by different AI models using readability indic
View details →Michael J. Corley, Varun B. Dwaraka, Alina P.S. Pang et al. · 2026 · Nature Communications
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have attracted interest as gerotherapeutics, yet clinical-trial evidence for their effects on biological aging is lacking. We report a post hoc exploratory epigenetic age analysis of a 32-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2b trial (NCT04019197) of semaglutide in adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated lipohypertrophy (semaglutide n = 45; placebo n = 39). The parent trial's primary endpoint was change in visceral adipose tissue, with secondary cardiometabolic and body-composition endpoints; epigenetic agi
View details →Hyunmin Yu, Jacqueline Margo Brooks Carthon, Linda H. Aiken et al. · 2026 · Research in Nursing & Health
The Pathway to Excellence (Pathway) program administered by the American Nurses Credentialing Center, recognizes organizations that foster positive nursing practice environments. However, evidence linking Pathway designation to nurse-reported outcomes remains limited. This cross-sectional study integrated data from the Penn 2024 Nurses4All Study and the American Hospital Association Annual Survey. The sample included 16,979 direct care nurses from 1672 hospitals in 10 US states (866 nurses in 63 Pathway hospitals and 16,113 nurses in 1609 non-Pathway, non-Magnet hospitals). The independent var
View details →Vanda Haralović, Mislav Mokos, Sanja Špoljar et al. · 2025 · Biomedicines
Background: Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is an integral component of the human innate immune system. It possesses antimicrobial properties and is available in solution, dermal spray, and scar gel forms. Objectives/Methods: This review presents data from studies on the clinical use of HOCl in various specialties, including dermatology, surgery, dentistry, ophthalmology, and rhinology. Results: Due to its anti-inflammatory/antimicrobial/immunomodulatory and healing properties, HOCl is advantageous in treating various skin disorders: ulcus cruris (and wound care), diabetic ulcers, atopic dermatitis,
View details →Sathish Babu Vasamsetti, Samreen Sadaf, Mohammad A. Uddin et al. · 2026 · Nature Communications
How cellular metabolism facilitates tissue-resident macrophage maintenance remains elusive. Here we show that visceral adipose tissue (VAT)-resident macrophages, unlike monocyte-derived macrophages, are enriched with mitochondrial-specific antioxidant enzymes restraining inflammation and promoting VAT homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. Additionally, VAT resident macrophages express high levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 2, encoded by SerpinB2, which is involved in the blood coagulation cascade. SerpinB2 promotes adipose resident macrophage survival by regulating mitochondrial ox
View details →Mateja Napravnik, Franko Hržić, Martin Urschler et al. · 2025 · Scientific Reports
Deep learning models require large amounts of annotated data, which are hard to obtain in the medical field, as the annotation process is laborious and depends on expert knowledge. This data scarcity hinders a model's ability to generalise…
View details →Carmella Evans‐Molina, Yasminye D. Pettway, Diane C. Saunders et al. · 2026 · Nature Communications
Phenotyping and genotyping initiatives within the Integrated Islet Distribution Program (IIDP), the largest source of human islets for research in the U.S., provide standardized assessment of islet preparations distributed to researchers…
View details →Yi Zhang, Yanqi Han, Ying Sun et al. · 2026 · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating joint disorder that causes chronic pain, inflammation, and detrimental bone alterations. Despite significant advances in understanding OA pathogenesis, current therapeutic strategies remain inadequate in halting disease progression or providing effective pain relief, highlighting unmet clinical needs. Recent insights into OA nociceptive pathways, inflammatory mediators, and organelle dysfunction have revealed promising therapeutic targets. Specifically, OA progression is driven by mitochondrial dysfunction (marked by accumulated damaged mitochondria with e
View details →Emmanouil Karampinis, Christina-Marina Zoumpourli, Aimilios Lallas et al. · 2026 · Medicina
Background and Objectives: Artificial intelligence (AI) has transitioned to an integral part of dermatology in only few years, yet perceptions of its use vary widely, reflecting diverse hopes, concerns, and perceived clinical utility. Materials and Methods: In this study, 300 dermatologists from 13 countries, representing a range of experience levels and AI usage statuses, were surveyed regarding the characteristics and applications of AI in dermatology. Results: Among respondents, 61.33% reported having used AI tools in clinical practice. Adoption of AI was observed across all age groups, cou
View details →Danielle J Sisnett, Katherine B Zutautas, Dan Hoang Nguyet Vo et al. · 2026 · Frontiers in Immunology
Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory, hormone dependent disorder that affects more than 200 million women worldwide. Immune dysfunction has emerged as one of the predominant mechanisms facilitating endometriosis lesion growth and survival. In particular, T cell subsets are predominant effector immune cells within the complex endometriosis lesion microenvironment. T cell biology encompasses a highly regulated and diverse network of cellular differentiation, antigen recognition, and immune regulation, all of which play critical roles in immune homeostasis. This complexity becomes particularly
View details →Xiaofeng Dai, Chongxiang Wang, Ping Jiang et al. · 2026 · MedComm
Chronic pain is a globally prevalent and complex condition, encompassing three primary subtypes, that is, nociceptive, neuropathic, and nociplastic, each with distinct biopsychosocial mechanisms. Chronic pain was historically viewed as a monolithic symptom and managed with opioid-centric models, causing widespread therapeutic failure. While recognition of its heterogeneity has driven a paradigm shift toward precision medicine, tailoring multimodal strategies to the dominant pain mechanism, critical challenges persist. These include difficulty in identifying treatable root causes, limited long-
View details →Wenjing Chen, Heng Tian, Ran Wei et al. · 2026 · International Journal of Molecular Medicine
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, are characterized by progressive loss of neurons. Although the precise pathogenesis of such diseases is complex and…
View details →Daniel R. Richardson, Ying Wang, Marie Anne Flannery et al. · 2026 · JAMA Oncology
Importance: Health care systems should strive to achieve outcomes that matter to patients. Limited data exist on the outcomes achieved by patients with cancer with different treatment outcome preferences. Objective: To describe treatment…
View details →Dayoung Seo, Yangsean Choi, Eunseon Jeong et al. · 2025 · Nature Communications
Although brain alterations have been reported in post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC), their prevalence and relationship to neurodegeneration remain unclear. We analyzed blood proteins and brain MRI from individuals approximately one…
View details →Guiomar Mendieta, Paul M. Ridker, Barry A. Borlaug et al. · 2026 · European Journal of Heart Failure
AIMS: We hypothesized that targeting interleukin-6-a cytokine central to NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation that is associated with both the onset and progression of heart failure (HF)-may be beneficial in patients with HF and circulating evidence of cardiovascular inflammation but without overtly reduced ejection fraction (EF). We describe the rationale and design of two clinical trials (ATHENA and HERMES) investigating ziltivekimab, a human monoclonal antibody directed against the interleukin-6 ligand, in patients with HF and mildly reduced or preserved EF (HFmrEF/HF
View details →Lama Alfehaid, Nada Alsuhebany, Yahya M K Tawfik et al. · 2026 · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cause of preventable hospital-acquired morbidity and mortality. Despite the availability of effective prophylaxis, its application in clinical practice remains inconsistent, often due to uncertainty in risk stratification. This review evaluates the validity and implementation of VTE risk assessment models (RAMs) in medical inpatients. Seven widely used RAMs, Caprini, Padua, IMPROVE, IMPROVEDD, Wells, Geneva, and Kucher e-alert, are critically examined alongside emerging digital and biomarker-enhanced tools. The Padua and IMPROVE scores show consistent
View details →Ashley Lu, Wei-Ting Chen, Maria Dalby et al. · 2026 · Nature Medicine
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not an inevitable outcome of pathology but a dynamic process shaped by how brain cells respond to amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau. To disentangle these responses, we combined spatial transcriptomics and single-nucleus RNA sequencing of the superior frontal cortex from octogenarians living with or without dementia and from cognitively intact centenarians with comparable Aβ accumulation. We identified six distinct tissue domains representing a spatial pathological continuum of AD, with a key inflection point marked by a shift from Aβ-associated inflammatory changes to tau-asso
View details →Xinyu Li, Tao Huang · 2025 · Breast Cancer
Hormone receptor-positive (HR +) and HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancers represent a biologically unique subset of breast malignancies characterized by the co-expression of estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). These cancers exhibit distinct molecular features, often leading to aggressive growth and higher recurrence rates. HR+/HER2+ breast cancer cells can utilize estrogen and HER2-driven signaling pathways to promote proliferation, survival, and metastatic potential, presenting unique challenges and opportunities for treat
View details →Toni K. Choueiri, R Motzer, Jose A. Karam et al. · 2026 · Journal of Clinical Oncology
LBA418 Background: Adjuvant pembrolizumab is a standard of care for patients with ccRCC at increased risk of recurrence following nephrectomy based on the phase 3 KEYNOTE-564 study (N Engl J Med 385:683; N Engl J Med 390:1359). Combination…
View details →Tatsuya Mimura, Hidetaka Noma · 2025 · Antioxidants
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible visual impairment in the elderly, and oxidative stress, primarily mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), is widely recognized as a central driver of its onset and progression. The retina is highly susceptible to oxidative damage due to its elevated oxygen consumption, abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids, and continuous exposure to light. Recent studies have elucidated molecular mechanisms in which mitochondrial dysfunction, disruption of redox homeostasis, inflammation, and complement activation interact to promote
View details →Sabrina Gloria Giulia Testoni, Guglielmo Albertini Petroni, Maria Laura Annunziata et al. · 2025 · Diagnostics
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with still-elusive etiopathogeneses and an increasing prevalence worldwide. Despite the growing availability of more advanced therapies in the last two decades, there are still a number of unmet needs. For example, the achievement of mucosal healing has been widely demonstrated as a prognostic marker for better outcomes and a reduced risk of dysplasia and cancer; however, the accuracy of endoscopy is crucial for bo
View details →Jenny Bouchard, Nicola Gasparre, Thomas Netticadan et al. · 2025 · Journal of Functional Foods
The integration of resveratrol, a naturally occurring, health promoting polyphenolic stilbene, into food systems poses a challenge due to its low water solubility, chemical instability, poor bioavailability, and bitter taste. To address…
View details →Elliott J. Jenkins, Joseph A. Killick, Owain Zerilli et al. · 2025 · The Journal of Physiology
Abstract Long‐term heat acclimation has been shown to elevate haemoglobin mass (Hb mass ) and enhance maximal oxygen consumption (). To date, however, all evidence derives from exercise‐induced heat stress, making it unclear whether passive strategies, which allow athletes to maintain training intensities, can produce similar adaptations. Moreover, while heat‐induced increases in are often attributed to haematological changes, adaptation of other convective components of oxygen transport may underpin these improvements. To investigate whether 5 weeks of hot‐water immersion (HWI) would enhance
View details →Xiaohua Xiao, Xueqin Yan, Chunhua Liang et al. · 2026 · Frontiers in Neurology
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a gradual and irreversible decline in the brain's ability to function which is not only signified by amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles but also by and metabolic and mitochondrial changes that have a negative impact on the classical neuropathological hallmarks. It is becoming increasingly clear that the central roles in the process of synaptic dysfunction, neuronal death and cognitive decline are played by the brain's impaired glucose utilization, insulin resistance, lipid metabolism alterations, and energy homeostasis disruption. Mitochondrial dysfunc
View details →Shun He, Tianchang Xia, Zhihou Guo et al. · 2025 · Nature Communications
Kidney fibrosis is a key pathological feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD), characterized by the activation and accumulation of αSMA-positive myofibroblasts. The cellular origin of myofibroblasts in kidney fibrosis has been a subject of…
View details →Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren, Sebastian Palmqvist, Kanta Horie et al. · 2026 · The Lancet Neurology
BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease pathology can be accurately identified with blood biomarkers (core 1 biomarkers), including plasma p-tau217 tests. Biomarkers that change longitudinally after diagnosis (core 2 biomarkers) can increase confidence that Alzheimer's disease pathology is contributing to cognitive symptoms. Plasma eMTBR-tau243 reflects tau tangle pathology and is a promising core 2 biomarker. We aimed to examine whether, among patients positive for plasma p-tau217, plasma eMTBR-tau243 improves classification of established Alzheimer's disease and predicts cognitive decline and tau ta
View details →Bekir Enes Koca, Sümeyye Sarıtaş, Mikhaël Bechelany et al. · 2025 · International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Polyphenols are bioactive molecules that occur naturally in plants and exhibit a diverse array of properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-obesity effects, all of which have been supported by numerous studies. They are categorized into four main groups: flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes, and lignans. Polyphenols demonstrate a wide range of health-promoting effects throughout human life, from the womb to old age. They can exert these effects by modulating signaling pathways, regulating gut microbiota, influencing gene expression, and regulating epigenetic pathways. Thi
View details →Patrick Highton, Mark P. Funnell, Pankaj Gupta et al. · 2025 · Diabetologia
Abstract Medication adherence is critical for optimal glycaemic management and the prevention of complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Despite its importance, non-adherence remains a prevalent issue, with global estimates suggesting that approximately 38% of people with type 2 diabetes do not take their medications as prescribed, although estimates vary widely due to a range of patient-related, socioeconomic, condition-related (e.g. chronicity, severity of comorbidities) and healthcare system factors. This review synthesises the current evidence on the prevalence of non-adherence in type
View details →Aris Liakos, Thomas Karagiannis, Ioannis Avgerinos et al. · 2026 · Current Diabetes Reports
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The pharmacologic management of type 2 diabetes prioritises sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors or glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists for their demonstrated cardiovascular benefits in individuals with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or multiple cardiovascular risk factors, chronic kidney disease, and heart failure. However, while current guidelines recommend these drug classes alone, combination therapy is not explicitly advocated. Herein we summarise the rationale and available evidence in support for combination therapy. RECENT FINDINGS
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