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11,309 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Medicine · Negative / Null Result Report. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Impact of a Symptom Checker App on Patient-Physician Interaction Among Self-Referred Walk-In Patients in the Emergency Department: Multicenter, Parallel-Group, Randomized, Controlled Trial

Malte L Schmieding, Marvin Kopka, Myrto Bolanaki et al. · 2025 · Journal of Medical Internet Research

BACKGROUND: Symptom checker apps (SCAs) are layperson-facing tools that advise on whether and where to seek care, or possible diagnoses. Previous research has primarily focused on evaluating the accuracy, safety, and usability of their recommendations. However, studies examining SCAs' impact on clinical care, including the patient-physician interaction and satisfaction with care, remain scarce. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the effects of an SCA on satisfaction with the patient-physician interaction in acute care settings. Additionally, we examined its influence on patients' anxiety a

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Identifying SCS Trial Responders Immediately After Postoperative Programming with ECAP Dose-Controlled Closed-Loop Therapy

Jason E. Pope, Ajay Antony, Erika Petersen et al. · 2024 · Pain and Therapy

INTRODUCTION: Drawbacks of fixed-output spinal cord stimulation (SCS) screening trials may lead to compromised trial outcomes and poor predictability of long-term success. Evoked compound action potential (ECAP) dose-controlled closed-loop…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

“Regression to the truth”: lessons learned from negative IPF trials

Athina Trachalaki, Anna Lindahl, Simone Petrarulo et al. · 2025 · Breathe

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung disease with limited treatment options. Despite the approval of pirfenidone and nintedanib that slow disease progression, IPF remains a disease with poor survival. Promising therapeutic…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Bilateral hip exoskeleton assistance enables faster walking in individuals with chronic stroke-related gait impairments

Chiara Livolsi, R. Conti, Tommaso Ciapetti et al. · 2025 · Scientific Reports

Millions of individuals surviving a stroke have lifelong gait impairments that reduce their personal independence and quality of life. Reduced walking speed is one of the major problems limiting community mobility and reintegration. Previous studies have shown positive effect of robot-assisted gait training utilizing hip exoskeletons for individuals with gait impairments due to a stroke, leading to increased walking speed in post-treatment compared to pre-treatment assessments. However, no evidence emerged of a significant increasing in walking speed attributable to device usage compared to wa

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Deep feature engineering for accurate sperm morphology classification using CBAM-enhanced ResNet50

Şafak Kılıç · 2025 · PLoS ONE

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Male fertility assessment through sperm morphology analysis remains a critical component of reproductive health evaluation, as abnormal sperm morphology is strongly correlated with reduced fertility rates and poor assisted reproductive technology outcomes. Traditional manual analysis performed by embryologists is time-intensive, subjective, and prone to significant inter-observer variability, with studies reporting up to 40% disagreement between expert evaluators. This research presents a novel deep learning framework combining Convolutional Block Attention Module (CB

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Therapeutic Potential of Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Gastrointestinal Diseases

Mengting Zhu, Jonathan Lee · 2025 · Nutraceuticals

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites derived from the fermentation of dietary fibre by gut bacteria. SCFAs function as essential regulators of host-microbiome interactions by participating in numerous physiological and pathological processes within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In recent years, the depletion of SCFAs has been increasingly linked to the pathogenesis of GI diseases. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the therapeutic mechanisms of SCFAs in GI diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, metabolic dysfunction-associ

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Population-scale sequencing resolves determinants of persistent EBV DNA

Sherry S. Y. Nyeo, Erin M. Cumming, Oliver S. Burren et al. · 2026 · Nature

Abstract Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is an endemic herpesvirus implicated in autoimmunity, cancer and neurological disorders. Although primary infection is often subclinical, persistent EBV infection can drive immune dysregulation and long-term complications. Despite the ubiquity of infection, the determinants of EBV persistence following primary exposure remain poorly understood, although human genetic variation partially contributes to this phenotypic spectrum 1–3 . Here we demonstrate that existing whole genome sequencing (WGS) data of human populations can be used to quantify persistent EBV D

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Predicting the Intention to Use Generative Artificial Intelligence for Health Information: Comparative Survey Study

Jörg Matthes, Anne Reinhardt, Selma Hodzic et al. · 2026 · Journal of Medical Internet Research

Background: The rise of generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as ChatGPT is rapidly transforming how people access information online. In the health context, generative AI is seen as a potentially disruptive information source due to its low entry barriers, conversational style, and ability to tailor content to users' needs. However, little is known about whether and how individuals use generative AI for health purposes, and which groups may benefit or be left behind, raising important questions of digital health equity. Objective: This study aimed to assess the current relevance

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Mediterranean Diet, Polyphenols, and Neuroprotection: Mechanistic Insights into Resveratrol and Oleuropein

Mónika Fekete, Tamás Jarecsny, Andrea Ceglédi et al. · 2025 · Nutrients

Background: Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, are among the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Dietary patterns have emerged as modifiable risk factors that may influence disease onset and progression. The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, fish, and extra virgin olive oil, has been consistently associated with better cognitive outcomes and reduced risk of neurodegeneration. Aim: This narrative review summarizes current evidence on the role of the MedDiet in slowing the progression

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Longitudinal Blood-Based Biomarkers and Clinical Progression in Subjective Cognitive Decline

Calvin Trieu, Argonde C. van Harten, Mardou S. S. A. van Leeuwenstijn et al. · 2025 · JAMA Network Open

Importance: Blood-based biomarkers identify Alzheimer disease and hold promise for monitoring disease progression, even in the preclinical disease stages. Objective: To investigate longitudinal trajectories of blood-based biomarkers and association with cognitive decline and risk of progression in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Design, Setting, and Participants: This prospective cohort study (Subjective Cognitive Impairment Cohort) of individuals with SCD evaluated at a memory clinic underwent biennial biomarker collection and annual cognitive assessment and diagnostic ev

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Prognostic value of liver stiffness measurement vs. biochemical response in primary biliary cholangitis

Yu Jun Wong, Laurent Lam, Pierre‐Antoine Soret et al. · 2025 · Journal of Hepatology

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Both liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and biochemical response have prognostic significance in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). However, the frequency and clinical relevance of discordant biochemical and LSM changes remain unclear. We aim to determine the performance of the most recent or current LSM (LSMc) in predicting first hepatic decompensation (HD) in the setting of discordant biochemical and LSM responses. METHODS: In this international, multicenter study, we included patients with at least two reliable LSM performed at least 6 months apart. Patients

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

CONCUSS randomised clinical trial of vergence/accommodative therapy for concussion-related symptomatic convergence insufficiency

Tara L. Alvarez, Mitchell Scheiman, Farzin Hajebrahimi et al. · 2025 · British Journal of Sports Medicine

OBJECTIVE: The CONCUSS randomised clinical trial compared the effectiveness of immediate office-based vergence/accommodative therapy with movement (OBVAM) to delayed therapy for the treatment of concussion-related convergence insufficiency…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Amyloid-beta-targeting monoclonal antibodies for people with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease

Francesco Nonino, Silvia Minozzi, L. Sambati et al. · 2026 · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

RATIONALE: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia. Aggregated amyloid-beta protein deposits are implicated in its pathogenesis. Amyloid-beta-targeting monoclonal antibodies (sometimes represented as Aβ-mAbs) are potentially disease-modifying for Alzheimer's disease: through the clearance of amyloid in the brain, they may slow cognitive and functional decline. OBJECTIVES: To assess the clinical benefits and harms of amyloid-beta-targeting monoclonal antibodies aducanumab, bapineuzumab, crenezumab, donanemab, gantenerumab, lecanemab, ponezumab,

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

A large language model for complex cardiology care

Jack W. O’Sullivan, Anil Palepu, Khaled Saab et al. · 2026 · Nature Medicine

The scarcity of subspecialist medical expertise poses a considerable challenge for healthcare delivery. This issue is particularly acute in cardiology, where timely, accurate management determines outcomes. We explored the potential of Articulate Medical Intelligence Explorer (AMIE), a large language model-based experimental medical artificial intelligence system, to augment clinical decision-making in this challenging context. We conducted a randomized controlled trial comparing large language model-assisted care with the usual care of complex patients suspected of having a genetic cardiomyop

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Risk stratification and scoring systems in upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding: review of performance and limitations in the emergency department

Fatemeh Mohammadyari, Amirreza Aflak, Mahta ZareDini et al. · 2025 · Frontiers in Medicine

Background: Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), which includes both upper GIB (variceal and non-variceal) and lower GIB, represents a significant cause of emergency department referrals. Main body: Given the potential risks of blood transfusion, re-bleeding, and mortality in these patients, it is essential to establish a system for prioritizing critical patients. Several risk stratification scoring systems have been developed based on patients' clinical characteristics and/or endoscopic findings. However, the optimal scoring system for each clinical scenario remains uncertain. Conclusion: In this

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Effects of Dietary Interventions on Cognitive Outcomes

Judith Charbit, Jean‐Sébastien Vidal, Olivier Hanon · 2025 · Nutrients

Cognitive aging is a complex, multifactorial process influenced by genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors. Among modifiable risk factors, nutrition has emerged as a promising target to preserve cognitive function. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of dietary interventions-including specific nutrients and dietary patterns-on cognitive domains (memory, executive function, global cognition) and mental health. Recent findings: multinutrient supplementation, particularly combinations of B vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids, appears beneficial for episodic memory, espe

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Comparison of Deep Learning and Clinician Performance for Detecting Referable Glaucoma from Fundus Photographs in a Safety Net Population

Van Nguyen, Sreenidhi Iyengar, Haroon Rasheed et al. · 2025 · Ophthalmology Science

Purpose Develop and test a deep learning (DL) algorithm for detecting referable glaucoma. Design Retrospective cohort study. Participants A total of 6116 patients from the Los Angeles County (LAC) Department of Health Services (DHS) were…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Climate change and hyponatremia‐related hospital admissions in people with focal epilepsy exposed to carbamazepine or its derivatives

Francesco Fortunato, Francesco D’Amico, Anny Votano et al. · 2025 · Epilepsia

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the proportion of individuals with focal epilepsy treated with at least one among carbamazepine (CBZ), oxcarbazepine (OXC), or eslicarbazepine (ESL), who were hospitalized due to hyponatremia-related symptoms in 2024, and to test the hypothesis that there is an association with climatic variables. METHODS: We undertook a prospective study in which people with focal epilepsy treated with at least one of the target drugs and at least one attendance in 2024 formed the study cohort. Individuals who were admitted or seen as outpatients for hyponatremia in 2024 were considered

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

PIP4K2C inhibition reverses autophagic flux impairment induced by SARS-CoV-2

Marwah Karim, Manjari Mishra, Chieh‐Wen Lo et al. · 2025 · Nature Communications

In search for broad-spectrum antivirals, we discover a small molecule inhibitor, RMC-113, that potently suppresses the replication of multiple RNA viruses including SARS-CoV-2 in human lung organoids. We demonstrate selective inhibition of…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

An international Phase IV field study - psychometric properties of the updated module on assessing quality of life of patients with breast cancer EORTC QLQ-BR42

Vesna Bjelic‐Radisic, Fátima Cardoso, Joachim Weis et al. · 2025 · The Breast

BACKGROUND: The EORTC QLQ-BR23, published in 1996, was one of the first disease-specific questionnaires to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with breast cancer (BC). In the last decades, major changes in BC…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

18F-PI-2620 Tau PET is associated with cognitive and motor impairment in Lewy body disease

Joseph R. Winer, Hillary Vossler, Christina B. Young et al. · 2024 · Brain Communications

Abstract Co-pathology is frequent in Lewy body disease, which includes clinical diagnoses of both Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. Measuring concomitant pathology in vivo can improve clinical and research diagnoses and prediction of cognitive trajectories. Tau PET imaging may serve a dual role in Lewy body disease by measuring cortical tau aggregation as well as assessing dopaminergic loss attributed to binding to neuromelanin within substantia nigra. We sought to characterize 18F-PI-2620, a next generation PET tracer, in individuals with Lewy body disease. We recruited 141 p

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Cell Migration–Proliferation Dichotomy in Cancer: Biological Fact or Experimental Artefact?

Abdulaziz Alfahed · 2024 · Biology

The migration-proliferation dichotomy (MPD) has long been observed in cultured cancer cells. This phenomenon is not only relevant to tumour progression but may also have therapeutic significance in clinical cancer. However, MPD has rarely been investigated in primary cancer. This study aimed to either confirm or disprove the existence of MPD in primary cancer. Using primary gastric, colorectal and prostate cancer (GC, CRC and PCa) cohorts from the Cancer Genome Atlas and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, this study interrogated the MPD phenomenon by utilising RNA-Seq-based proliferation

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Meningioma: Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approaches

Carlen Yuen, Michelle Zheng, Max Saint-Germain et al. · 2025 · Biomedicines

Background/Objectives: Meningiomas are the most common intracranial tumors. Surgery and radiation therapy are the cornerstones of treatment and no standard of care therapy exists for refractory meningiomas. This manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive review of novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches against these tumors. Methods: A search for the existing literature on systemic therapies for meningiomas was performed on PubMed and a search for presently accruing clinical trials was performed on ClinicalTrials.gov. Results: Systemic treatments, including chemotherapy, somatostatin analo

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Neutrophil-initiated nociceptive ingrowth orchestrates inflammation resolution to potentiate bone regeneration

Xuanyu Qi, Guangzheng YANG, Zeqian Xu et al. · 2026 · Bone Research

Abstract Nociceptive pain is a cardinal feature of traumatic and inflammatory bone diseases. However, whether and how nociceptors actively regulate the immune response during bone regeneration remains unclear. Here, we found that neutrophil-triggered nociceptive ingrowth functioned as negative feedback regulation to inflammation during bone healing. A unique Il4ra + Ccl2 high neutrophil subset drove intense postinjury TRPV1 + nociceptive ingrowth, which in return dissipated inflammation by activating the production of pro-resolving mediator lipoxin A4 (LXA4) in osteoblasts. Mechanistically, os

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 299v supplementation modulates β-cell ER stress and antioxidative defense pathways and prevents type 1 diabetes in gluten-free BioBreeding rats

Pinar Sargin, Mark F. Roethle, Shuang Jia et al. · 2022 · Gut Microbes

The increasing incidence of Type 1 diabetes has coincided with the emergence of the low-fiber, high-gluten Western diet and other environmental factors linked to dysbiosis. Since Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 299 v (Lp299v) supplementation improves gut barrier function and reduces systemic inflammation, we studied its effects in spontaneously diabetic DRlyp/lyp rats provided a normal cereal diet (ND) or a gluten-free hydrolyzed casein diet (HCD). All rats provided ND developed diabetes (62.5±7.7 days); combining ND with Lp299v did not improve survival. Diabetes was delayed by HCD (72.2±9.4 day

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Preclinical ex vivo and in vivo models to study immunotherapy agents and their combinations as predictive tools toward the clinic

Iñaki Eguren‐Santamaría, Ignacio Melero, Inmaculada Rodríguez et al. · 2025 · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer

Almost every successful anticancer treatment has been preceded by preclinical scientific breakthroughs that encouraged clinical development. However, therapeutic strategies showing promising preclinical results often fail to confirm…

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