11,406 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Medicine · Negative / Null Result Report. Search the index →
WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.
Kenneth H. Mayer, Douglas Krakower · 2012 · Annals of Internal Medicine
During the past 2 years, several pivotal clinical trials have proven that the use of antiretrovirals by HIV-infected and at-risk uninfected persons can decrease the probability of HIV being transmitted sexually. The initial…
View details →Pau Ribó-Molina, Stefan van Nieuwkoop, Anna Z. Mykytyn et al. · 2024 · mSphere
ABSTRACT Human metapneumovirus (HMPV), a member of the Pneumoviridae family, causes upper and lower respiratory tract infections in humans. In vitro studies with HMPV have mostly been performed in monolayers of undifferentiated epithelial cells. In vivo studies in cynomolgus macaques and cotton rats have shown that ciliated epithelial cells are the main target of HMPV infection, but these observations cannot be studied in monolayer systems. Here, we established an organoid-derived bronchial culture model that allows physiologically relevant studies on HMPV. Inoculation with multiple prototype
View details →Bishwajit Bhowmik, Tasnima Siddiquee, Ibrahimu Mdala et al. · 2021 · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
AIM: To assess the efficacy of vitamin D3 or B12 supplementation during pregnancy. METHODS: Pregnant women at 6-14 weeks in the intervention arm received oral high dose intermittent vitamin D3 and/or low dose B12 supplementation if they…
View details →Graham Jackson, Charlotte Pawlyn, David A. Cairns et al. · 2020 · British Journal of Haematology
Second-generation immunomodulatory agents, such as lenalidomide, have a more favourable side-effect profile than the first-generation thalidomide, but their optimum combination and duration for patients with newly diagnosed transplant-ineligible myeloma (ND-TNE-MM) has not been defined. The most appropriate delivery and dosing regimens of these therapies for patients at advanced age and frailty status is also unclear. The Myeloma XI study compared cyclophosphamide, thalidomide and dexamethasone (CTDa) to cyclophosphamide, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (CRDa) as induction therapy, followed by
View details →Jayson L. Parker, Zoe Yi Zhang, Rena Buckstein · 2011 · Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences
PURPOSE: To quantify the clinical trial risk of new drug development in Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Risk estimates for this disease have not been reported before. METHODS: We undertook a retrospective review of clinical trials in (NHL) in four subtypes to compare the success rate with the industry average. Our inclusion criteria required that a drug must initiate its phase I trial in one of the four NHL subtypes between 1998 and June 2008 in the US. In addition, clinical trials of new drug candidates that pertain to four subtypes of NHL were retrieved from clinicaltrial.gov. Drug candidates
View details →Robert Stuver, Steven M. Horwitz, Ranjana H. Advani et al. · 2023 · British Journal of Haematology
There remains no one standard induction for nodal-based peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). We conducted a phase II study of lenalidomide plus CHOEP as a novel induction strategy. Patients received CHOEP at standard doses in combination…
View details →Sarah S. Mougalian, Ronda Copher, Jonathan Kish et al. · 2018 · Cancer Medicine
INTRODUCTION: Real-world data are critical to demonstrate the consistency of evidence and external generalizability of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). This study examined characteristics and outcomes of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) patients treated with eribulin mesylate at community oncology practices in the United States. METHODS: Physicians identified mTNBC patients initiating eribulin between 1 January 2011 and 1 January 2014 and abstracted data into an electronic case report form (eCRF). Eribulin treatment in the metastatic setting was categorized as early use (EU
View details →Haruo Ohtani, Hiroyasu Ishida, Yuka Ito et al. · 2011 · Pathology International
Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) (also called IgG4-related sclerosing pancreatitis (IgG4-SP)) and IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) are frequently associated with each other. It is generally believed that association of these…
View details →Louisa Chan, Christine T. H. Bui, Chris Ka Pun Mok et al. · 2016 · Scientific Reports
Novel avian H7N9 virus emerged in China in 2013 resulting in a case fatality rate of around 39% and continues to pose zoonotic and pandemic risk. Amino acid substitutions in PB2 protein were shown to influence the pathogenicity and transmissibility of H7N9 following experimental infection of ferrets and mice. In this study, we evaluated the role of amino acid substitution PB2-627K or compensatory changes at PB2-591K and PB2-701N, on the tropism and replication competence of H7N9 viruses for human and swine respiratory tracts using ex vivo organ explant cultures. Recombinant viruses of A/Shangh
View details →Jianli Lv, Bo Han, Cuiyan Wang et al. · 2019 · Frontiers in Pediatrics
Objective To investigate the clinical features and the diagnostic and follow-up value of acute fulminant myocarditis (AFM) in children. Methods 20 children diagnosed with AFM admitted to our department were reviewed, and the clinical manifestations; pathogenic examination results; myocardial injury biomarkers; and electrocardiography, echocardiogram and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) results were analyzed. Results The initial symptoms were abdominal pain, vomiting, fatigue, syncope, and convulsions. All children had significantly increased hs-cTnT and NT-pro BNP. In addition to nonspe
View details →Curtis J. Henry, Rebecca L. Sedjo, Andrii I. Rozhok et al. · 2015 · BMC Cancer
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory cytokines in the colonic microenvironment have been shown to increase with advance colorectal cancer disease state. However, the contribution of inflammatory cytokines to pre-malignant disease, such as the formation of adenomas, is unclear. METHODS: Using the Milliplex® MAP Human Cytokine/ Chemokine Magnetic Bead Panel Immunoassay, serum cytokine and chemokine profiles were assayed among participants without an adenoma (n = 97) and those with an adenoma (n = 97) enrolled in the NCI-funded Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Colon Study. The concentrations of interleukin
View details →Gen Suzuki, Hideya Yamazaki, Norihiro Aibe et al. · 2019 · In Vivo
BACKGROUND/AIM: To evaluate the predictive factors in older patients with localized esophageal cancer treated with definitive radiotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed patients aged ≥75 years who were treated with…
View details →Lucy Brazil, Angela Swampillai, Ka Man Mak et al. · 2020 · Neuro-Oncology Advances
BACKGROUND: Effective treatment for patients at least 70 years with newly diagnosed glioblastoma remains challenging and alternatives to conventional cytotoxics are appealing. Autophagy inhibition has shown promising efficacy and safety in small studies of glioblastoma and other cancers. METHODS: We conducted a randomized phase II trial to compare radiotherapy with or without hydroxychloroquine (2:1 allocation). Patients aged at least 70 years with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma deemed suitable for short-course radiotherapy with an ECOG performance status of 0-1 were included. Radiotherapy
View details →Valentine Wanga, Charles S. Venuto, Gene D. Morse et al. · 2015 · Pharmacogenetics and Genomics
BACKGROUND: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) causes kidney toxicity in some patients. We carried out genomewide analyses to identify associations with plasma tenofovir clearance and change in creatinine clearance (CrCl) during the first…
View details →Etsuro Ogata, Masafumi Fukagawa, Hideki Hirakata et al. · 2016 · Clinical and Experimental Nephrology
BACKGROUND: Calcium (Ca)-based phosphate (P) binders, compared to non-Ca-based P binders, contribute to vascular calcification, which is associated with cardiovascular events. METHODS: The LANDMARK study is a multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel comparative study of lanthanum carbonate (LC) and calcium carbonate (CC) in hemodialysis patients. Stable hemodialysis patients with intact parathyroid hormone ≤240 pg/mL meeting ≥1 of the following criteria (age >65 years, postmenopause, diabetes mellitus) were randomized into the LC and CC groups. LC group patients initially received LC 750
View details →Paul Sondo, Biébo Bihoun, Marc Christian Tahita et al. · 2021 · Malaria Journal
BACKGROUND: Multi-genotype malaria infections are frequent in endemic area, and people commonly harbour several genetically distinct Plasmodium falciparum variants. The influence of genetic multiplicity and whether some specific genetic variants are more or less likely to invest into gametocyte production is not clearly understood. This study explored host and parasite-related risk factors for gametocyte carriage, and the extent to which some specific P. falciparum genetic variants are associated with gametocyte carriage. METHODS: Gametocytes and asexual forms were detected by light microscopy
View details →Mark B. Stoddard, Hui Li, Shuyi Wang et al. · 2015 · mBio
UNLABELLED: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is characterized by persistent replication of a complex mixture of viruses termed a "quasispecies." Transmission is generally associated with a stringent population bottleneck characterized by infection by limited numbers of "transmitted/founder" (T/F) viruses. Characterization of T/F genomes of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has been integral to studies of transmission, immunopathogenesis, and vaccine development. Here, we describe the identification of complete T/F genomes of HCV by single-genome sequencing of plasma viral RNA from a
View details →Mark Seow Khoon Chong, Jing Lim, Junwei Goh et al. · 2014 · Molecular Pharmaceutics
In spite of recognized limitations in capturing species-specific responses and high costs, rodent models remain commonly used in prostate cancer metastasis research, due largely to the lack of available alternatives. We aim to develop an…
View details →Charanpreet Singh, Sanjay Jain, Veena Dhawan et al. · 2020 · Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism
OBJECTIVE: We conducted a study to examine the association of endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress with uric acid levels in patients of metabolic syndrome. METHODS: One hundred and two patients of Metabolic Syndrome (International Diabetes Federation definition) were included in the study. Anthropometric measurements, serum uric acid levels, fasting blood sugar levels and lipid levels, as well as malondialdehyde and reactive nitrogen intermediates were measured after an 8-hour fasting period. Flow mediated vasodilation (FMD) of the brachial artery was measured and endothelial dysfuncti
View details →Robert S. Wallis · 2014 · Open Forum Infectious Diseases
OBJECTIVES: There is increasing interest in the potential role of adjunctive anti-inflammatory therapy to accelerate tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Sputum culture conversion is an important biomarker predictor of durable TB cure. METHODS:…
View details →Mary A.M. Rogers, Kathleen Ward, Tanya R. Gure et al. · 2011 · Diabetes Care
OBJECTIVE: The goals of this study were to examine trajectories of blood pressure (BP) in adults with diabetes and investigate the association of trajectory patterns with mortality. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A nonconcurrent longitudinal…
View details →Lijun Lu, Youqing Deng, Renshi Xu · 2024 · Frontiers in Neurology
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a debilitating motor neurological disorder for which there is still no cure. The disease seriously jeopardizes the health and lifespan of adult populations. The authors extensively retrieved the current literature about clinical and experimental ALS treatments. Based on them, this review primarily focused on summarizing the current potential clinical usage and trialing therapeutics of ALS. Currently, the clinical ALS treatments have focused primarily on relieving symptoms to improve the quality of life yet. There are a number of therapeutic approaches suc
View details →Jinling Li, Carol J. Cardona · 2010 · Avian Diseases
Mutations in a wild duck isolate of avian influenza virus were detected in isolates shed by chickens within 1 day after inoculation. The newly adapted virus was transmitted to naïve chickens in direct contact and sharing food and water.…
View details →Akshay Khunte, Veer Sangha, Evangelos K. Oikonomou et al. · 2026 · European Heart Journal - Digital Health
ABSTRACT Background Timely and accurate assessment of electrocardiograms (ECGs) is crucial for diagnosing, triaging, and clinically managing patients. Current workflows rely on computerized ECG interpretation tools built into ECG signal…
View details →Stijntje Dijk, Claudia Wollny, Jörg Barkhausen et al. · 2025 · JAMA
Importance: Given the widespread use of medical imaging, evaluating the effectiveness of interventions to improve appropriateness is crucial for optimizing health care resources and patient outcomes. Objective: To assess the effects of…
View details →Ryan Shean, Tathya Shah, Aditya Pandiarajan et al. · 2025 · Scientific Reports
The ability of large language models (LLMs) to accurately answer medical board-style questions reflects their potential to benefit medical education and real-time clinical decision-making. With the recent advance to reasoning models, the latest LLMs excel at addressing complex problems in benchmark math and science tests. This study assessed the performance of first-generation reasoning models-DeepSeek's R1 and R1-Lite, OpenAI's o1 Pro, and Grok 3-on 493 ophthalmology questions sourced from the StatPearls and EyeQuiz question banks. o1 Pro achieved the highest overall accuracy (83.4%), signifi
View details →Yasir Almuhanna · 2025 · Journal of Clinical Medicine
Wound healing is a complex and multistage process that incorporates precise cellular and molecular coordination. The presence of biofilms in chronic wounds adversely affects the wound healing process, as it prolongs the closure of the wound, thus sustaining chronic inflammation. Current data suggest that biofilms are present in almost all chronic wounds, which leads to significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Traditional detection methods, such as cultures and light microscopy, often fail to detect biofilms; however, sophisticated molecular and imaging techniques are constrained by t
View details →Marta Arroyo‐Izaga, Concepción Martínez de la Pera, Laura Ansotegui et al. · 2026 · Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición
The objective of this study was to determine whether a short training program, using real foods, would decreased their portion-size estimation errors after training. 90 student volunteers (20.18+/-0.44 y old) of the University of the…
View details →Gregor Bieri, Karishma J.B. Pratt, Yasuhiro Fuseya et al. · 2026 · Cell
Blood factors transfer the benefits of exercise to the aged brain independent of physical activity. Here, we show that the liver-derived exercise factor (exerkine) glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-specific phospholipase D1 (GPLD1), a GPI-degrading enzyme, reverses aging- and Alzheimer's-related memory loss by targeting the brain vasculature. GPLD1 has the potential to cleave over 100 putative GPI-anchored proteins, necessitating the identification of downstream targets that mediate cognitive rejuvenation for translational application. We identified GPI-anchored tissue-nonspecific alkaline ph
View details →Ruixia Zhang, Yi Fan, Hongjing Mao et al. · 2025 · Communications Medicine
The brain age gap (BAG) is a neuroimaging-derived marker of accelerated brain aging. However, its clinical application faces challenges due to model inaccuracies and unclear links to disease mechanisms. This study investigates the clinical…
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