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11,300 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Medicine · Negative / Null Result Report. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Experimental infection of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses, Clade 2.3.4.4 H5N6 and H5N8, in Mandarin ducks from South Korea

Kyung‐No Son, Yong-kwan Kim, Jae‐Ku Oem et al. · 2017 · Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

Outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) have been reported worldwide. Wild waterfowl play a major role in the maintenance and transmission of HPAI. Highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N6 and H5N8 viruses simultaneously emerged in South Korea. In this study, the comparative pathogenicity and infectivity of Clade 2.3.4.4 Group B H5N8 and Group C H5N6 viruses were evaluated in Mandarin duck (Aix galericulata). None of the ducks infected with H5N6 or H5N8 viruses showed clinical signs or mortality. Serological assays revealed that the HA antigenicity of H5N8 and H5N6 viruses

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Estimating the Additive Benefit of Surgical Excision to Stereotactic Radiosurgery in the Management of Metastatic Brain Disease

Matthew R. Quigley, Nicholas R. Bello, Diana H. Jho et al. · 2015 · Neurosurgery

BACKGROUND: There are limited data on the benefits of surgical tumor resection plus stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in comparison with SRS alone for patients with oligometastatic brain disease. OBJECTIVE: To determine the benefit of adding…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Lenvatinib Plus Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Improve Survival in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study

Xiaozhun Huang, Lin Xu, Teng Ma et al. · 2021 · Frontiers in Oncology

BACKGROUND: Nivolumab and pembrolizumab disrupt the programmed cell death-1 immune checkpoint and display promising efficacy and safety results in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the benefits remain limited. The preliminary results of lenvatinib (LEN) combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) reveal that the combinations were well-tolerated and encouraging. This study aimed to analyze the safety and efficacy of LEN plus ICIs in a real-world cohort of patients with advanced HCC. METHOD: Between June 4, 2017, and June 30, 2019, 16 patients received LEN plus nivolumab, a

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

A validation study of the psychometric properties of the Groningen Reflection Ability Scale

Nina Bjerre Andersen, Lotte Dyhrberg O’Neill, Lise Kirstine Gormsen et al. · 2014 · BMC Medical Education

BACKGROUND: Reflection, the ability to examine critically one's own learning and functioning, is considered important for 'the good doctor'. The Groningen Reflection Ability Scale (GRAS) is an instrument measuring student reflection, which has not yet been validated beyond the original Dutch study. The aim of this study was to adapt GRAS for use in a Danish setting and to investigate the psychometric properties of GRAS-DK. METHODS: We performed a cross-cultural adaptation of GRAS from Dutch to Danish. Next, we collected primary data online, performed a retest, analysed data descriptively, esti

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Collagenase-mediated extracellular matrix targeting for enhanced drug penetration and therapeutic efficacy in nanoscale delivery systems for cancer therapy

Pengyu Gong, Fei Wang, Yixin Hua et al. · 2025 · Journal of Nanobiotechnology

The highly fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM) constitutes a major barrier that restricts the penetration and delivery efficiency of anticancer drugs, particularly in fibrotic tumors such as pancreatic cancer, in which cancer-associated…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Six-Year Outcomes After Transcatheter vs Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Low-Risk Patients With Aortic Stenosis

John K. Forrest, Steven J. Yakubov, G. Michael Deeb et al. · 2026 · Journal of the American College of Cardiology

BACKGROUND: The Evolut Low Risk trial enrolled patients with severe aortic stenosis at low surgical risk. Annual follow-up is planned for 10 years, evaluating the composite of all-cause mortality or disabling stroke and key secondary…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Immunomodulatory Mechanisms of Chronic Wound Healing: Translational and Clinical Relevance

Mahrukh Riaz, Muhammad Zohaib Iqbal, Agnes S. Klar et al. · 2025 · MedComm

Chronic wounds-such as diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), pressure ulcers (PUs), and venous leg ulcers (VLUs)-pose a serious clinical challenge due to their prolonged inflammatory phase and impaired healing. Increasing evidence reveals that dysregulated immune responses are central to the pathogenesis of chronic wounds. A complex interplay between innate and adaptive immune cells, including macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells, contributes to chronic inflammation, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and tissue repair failure. While current treatments target symptoms, they often overlook the und

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Progressive multiple sclerosis: Evaluating current therapies and exploring future treatment strategies

Marelisa Albelo-Martínez, Syed Rizvi · 2025 · Neurotherapeutics

Progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS) include primary progressive MS (PPMS) and secondary progressive MS (SPMS). Unlike relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), progressive MS is recognized by relentless progression with accumulating disability, rare to no relapses nor new activity on MRIs. Clinically, neurologic worsening in MS can occur in the relapsing-remitting (RRMS) phase of disease due to incomplete recovery from neuroinflammatory relapses. However, a progressive disease course is the dominant factor related to accumulating disability. There is persistent central nervous system (CNS) compa

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Metabolic crossroads in insulin resistance: exploring lipid dysregulation and inflammation

Saeede Saadati, Rasoul Godini, Anjana Reddy et al. · 2025 · Frontiers in Immunology

Insulin resistance is a central pathological feature of several chronic metabolic disorders, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. While its pathogenesis is multifactorial, lipid dysregulation and chronic low-grade inflammation are recognised as two major, interconnected processes that impair insulin action across multiple tissues. This review summarises core mechanistic themes linking these processes, with a focus on three key signalling pathways that are particularly relevant to metabolic regulation and to the interplay between lipid metab

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Diagnostic performance of plasma Aβ42/40 ratio, p‐tau181, GFAP, and NfL along the continuum of Alzheimer's disease and non‐AD dementias: An international multi‐center study

James D. Doecke, Giovanni Bellomo, Lisa Vermunt et al. · 2025 · Alzheimer s & Dementia

INTRODUCTION: Plasma phosphorylated tau (p-tau)181, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NfL), and amyloid beta ratio (Aβ42/40) may have diagnostic and prognostic value in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here we assess which markers can best identify AD from controls and other non-AD dementias in a large international multi-center study. METHODS: Plasma samples (n = 1298) were collected from six international centers. Aβ40, Aβ42, GFAP, NfL, and p-tau181 were measured using single molecule array. In each group, AD diagnosis/co-pathology was defined according to cerebrosp

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Type 2 Diabetes and the Multifaceted Gut-X Axes

Hezixian Guo, L.-T. Pan, Qiuyi Wu et al. · 2025 · Nutrients

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance and inadequate insulin secretion. Beyond the classically implicated organs, emerging evidence highlights the gut as a central player in T2D pathophysiology through its interactions with metabolic organs. The gut hosts trillions of microbes and enteroendocrine cells that influence inflammation, energy homeostasis, and hormone regulation. Disruptions in gut homeostasis (dysbiosis and increased permeability) have been linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and β-cell dysfunction,

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT BALANCE TRAINING PROGRAMS ON POSTURAL CONTROL IN CHRONIC ANKLE INSTABILITY: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

Noha Mahmoud Youssef, Azza Mohammed Abdelmohsen, Ahmed Atteya Ashour et al. · 2026 · PubMed

BACKGROUND: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a common sequence of ankle sprain. Conservative treatment of CAI is currently accepted as a primary mean of managing the condition and preventing of recurrence. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Acute minocycline administration reduces brain injury and improves long-term functional outcomes after delayed hypoxemia following traumatic brain injury

Marta Celorrio, Kirill Shumilov, Camryn Payne et al. · 2022 · Acta Neuropathologica Communications

Clinical trials of therapeutics for traumatic brain injury (TBI) demonstrating preclinical efficacy for TBI have failed to replicate these results in humans, in part due to the absence of clinically feasible therapeutic windows for administration. Minocycline, an inhibitor of microglial activation, has been shown to be neuroprotective when administered early after experimental TBI but detrimental when administered chronically to human TBI survivors. Rather than focusing on the rescue of primary injury with early administration of therapeutics which may not be clinically feasible, we hypothesiz

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Effect of calcium vs. placebo on long-term outcomes in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Mikael Fink Vallentin, Asger Granfeldt, Carsten Meilandt et al. · 2022 · Resuscitation

OBJECTIVE: The Calcium for Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest (COCA) trial was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of calcium for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The primary and secondary outcomes have been reported previously. This article describes the long-term outcomes of the trial. METHODS: Patients aged ≥18 years were included if they had a non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during which they received adrenaline. The trial drug consisted of calcium chloride (5 mmol) or saline placebo given after the first dose of adrenaline and again after the second dose of adrena

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

No Significant Association Between the Fecal Microbiome and the Presence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome-type Symptoms in Patients with Quiescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Oliver Shutkever, David J. Gracie, Caroline Young et al. · 2018 · Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Background: The microbiome is implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Whether a distinct microbiome profile is associated with the reporting of IBS-type symptoms in IBD…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Voxel-based 18F-FET PET segmentation and automatic clustering of tumor voxels: A significant association with IDH1 mutation status and survival in patients with gliomas

Paul Blanc‐Durand, Axel Van Der Gucht, Antoine Verger et al. · 2018 · PLoS ONE

INTRODUCTION: Aim was to develop a full automatic clustering approach of the time-activity curves (TAC) from dynamic 18F-FET PET and evaluate its association with IDH1 mutation status and survival in patients with gliomas. METHODS: Thirty-seven patients (mean age: 45±13 y) with newly diagnosed gliomas and dynamic 18F-FET PET before any histopathologic investigation or treatment were retrospectively included. Each dynamic 18F-FET PET was realigned to the first image and spatially normalized in the Montreal Neurological Institute template. A tumor mask was semi-automatically generated from Z-sco

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Significant differences in the cell‐wall mannans from three Candida glabrata strains correlate with antifungal drug sensitivity

S. Takahashi, Atsushi Kudoh, Yoshio Okawa et al. · 2012 · FEBS Journal

Candida glabrata is often the second or third most common cause of candidiasis after Candida albicans. C. glabrata infections are difficult to treat, often resistant to many azole antifungal agents and are associated with a high mortality…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Outcomes of Induction Chemotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer Patients

Jinhua Chen, Yu‐Chun Yen, Shing‐Hwa Liu et al. · 2016 · Medicine

The use of induction chemotherapy (CT) is controversial. We compared the survival of head and neck cancer patients receiving docetaxel- or platinum-based induction CT before concomitant chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with the survival of those receiving upfront CCRT alone. Data from the National Health Insurance and cancer registry databases in Taiwan were linked and analyzed. We enrolled patients who had head and neck cancer between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2011. Follow-up was from the index date to December 31, 2013. We included head and neck patients diagnosed according to the Internation

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Detecting Corticospinal Tract Impairment in Tumor Patients With Fiber Density and Tensor-Based Metrics

Lucius S. Fekonja, Ziqian Wang, Dogu Baran Aydogan et al. · 2021 · Frontiers in Oncology

Tumors infiltrating the motor system lead to significant disability, often caused by corticospinal tract injury. The delineation of the healthy-pathological white matter (WM) interface area, for which diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) has shown promising potential, may improve treatment outcome. However, up to 90% of white matter (WM) voxels include multiple fiber populations, which cannot be correctly described with traditional metrics such as fractional anisotropy (FA) or apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). Here, we used a novel fixel-based along-tract analysis consisting of cons

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Randomized Phase IIb Study of Brimonidine Drug Delivery System Generation 2 for Geographic Atrophy in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

William R. Freeman, Francesco Bandello, Eric H. Souied et al. · 2023 · Ophthalmology Retina

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of repeat injections of Brimonidine Drug Delivery System (Brimo DDS) Generation 2 (Gen 2) containing 400-μg brimonidine in patients with geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Could Ovarian Cancer Prediction Models Improve the Triage of Symptomatic Women in Primary Care? A Modelling Study Using Routinely Collected Data

Garth Funston, Gary Abel, Emma J. Crosbie et al. · 2021 · Cancers

CA125 is widely used as an initial investigation in women presenting with symptoms of possible ovarian cancer. We sought to develop CA125-based diagnostic prediction models and to explore potential implications of implementing model-based thresholds for further investigation in primary care. This retrospective cohort study used routinely collected primary care and cancer registry data from symptomatic, CA125-tested women in England (2011-2014). A total of 29,962 women were included, of whom 279 were diagnosed with ovarian cancer. Logistic regression was used to develop two models to estimate o

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

No significant effect of cannabis use on the count and percentage of circulating CD4 T‐cells in HIV‐HCV co‐infected patients (ANRS CO13‐HEPAVIH French cohort)

Fabienne Marcellin, C. Lions, Éric Rosenthal et al. · 2016 · Drug and Alcohol Review

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Despite cannabis use being very common in patients co-infected with HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV), its effect on these patients' immune systems remains undocumented. Documenting the potential effect of cannabis use…

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

Validation of a proteomic biomarker panel to diagnose minor-stroke and transient ischaemic attack: phase 2 of SpecTRA, a large scale translational study

Andrew M. Penn, Maximilian B. Bibok, Viera Saly et al. · 2018 · Biomarkers

OBJECTIVE: To validate our previously developed 16 plasma-protein biomarker panel to differentiate between transient ischaemic attack (TIA) and non-cerebrovascular emergency department (ED) patients.METHOD: Two consecutive cohorts of ED…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Women with Positive Urine Culture: Does Menopausal Status Make a Significant Difference?

Paweł Miotła, Katarzyna Romanek-Piva, Michał Bogusiewicz et al. · 2017 · BioMed Research International

Aim . Urinary tract infection (UTI) is considered one of the most common bacterial infections in women. The aim of this study was to investigate the types of uropathogens present, as well as the degree of antimicrobial drug resistance seen among premenopausal (n=2748) and postmenopausal (n=1705) women with uncomplicated UTI. Methods . Urinary samples (n=4453) collected from women with UTI were analyzed in terms of uropathogens present. These were considered as positive if bacterial growth was ≥10 5 colony forming units (CFUs)/mL. Susceptibility and resistance testing for commonly used antibiot

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Negative / Null Result ReportMedicine

One year in review 2016: Behçet's syndrome.

Gülen Hatemi, Emire Seyahi, İzzet Fresko et al. · 2017 · PubMed

Several articles highlighting the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, treatment modalities and disease assessment of Behçet's syndrome (BS) have been published during the last year. Clinical and radiological features of lower…

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessMedicine

A Randomized Controlled Trial of Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment for Depression Versus Relaxation Training for Alcohol-Dependent Individuals With Elevated Depressive Symptoms

Richard A. Brown, Susan E. Ramsey, Christopher W. Kahler et al. · 2011 · Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs

OBJECTIVE: A previous pilot study found positive outcomes among alcohol-dependent individuals with elevated depressive symptoms who received cognitive-behavioral treatment for depression (CBT-D; n = 19) compared with a relaxation training…

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