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694 real negative results, null findings, and replication failures in Computer Science · Negative / Null Result Report. Search the index →

WASTE indexes published research — it does not host or republish full papers. Each entry is a metadata record compiled from open scholarly databases; the abstract is shown in full only where the paper is openly licensed, otherwise a short excerpt under fair use. Classifications are automated and approximate.

Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Reliability and User-Plane Latency Analysis of mmWave Massive MIMO for Grant-Free URLLC Applications

Joao V. C. Evangelista, Georges Kaddoum, Zeeshan Sattar · 2021 · arXiv

5G cellular networks are designed to support a new range of applications not supported by previous standards. Among these, ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) applications are arguably the most challenging. URLLC service requires the user equipment (UE) to be able to transmit its data under strict latency constraints with high reliability. To address these requirements, new technologies, such as mini-slots, semi-persistent scheduling and grant-free access were introduced in 5G standards. In this work, we formulate a spatiotemporal mathematical model to evaluate the user-plane late

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Tagset Reduction Without Information Loss

Thorsten Brants · 1995 · arXiv

A technique for reducing a tagset used for n-gram part-of-speech disambiguation is introduced and evaluated in an experiment. The technique ensures that all information that is provided by the original tagset can be restored from the reduced one. This is crucial, since we are interested in the linguistically motivated tags for part-of-speech disambiguation. The reduced tagset needs fewer parameters for its statistical model and allows more accurate parameter estimation. Additionally, there is a slight but not significant improvement of tagging accuracy.

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Measuring the Effect of Discourse Relations on Blog Summarization

Shamima Mithun, Leila Kosseim · 2017 · arXiv

The work presented in this paper attempts to evaluate and quantify the use of discourse relations in the context of blog summarization and compare their use to more traditional and factual texts. Specifically, we measured the usefulness of 6 discourse relations - namely comparison, contingency, illustration, attribution, topic-opinion, and attributive for the task of text summarization from blogs. We have evaluated the effect of each relation using the TAC 2008 opinion summarization dataset and compared them with the results with the DUC 2007 dataset. The results show that in both textual genr

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

EdgeFlow: Edge-Map Augmented VLM-Based Flowchart Processing for Industrial Requirements Engineering

Zhifei Dou, Shabnam Hassani, Ou Wei · 2026 · arXiv

Flowcharts are widely used in industrial requirements, but usually remain embedded as static images. Vision Language Models (VLMs) show promise in the conversion of these flowcharts into machine-readable models for RE activities, yet, when directly applied to flowchart conversion, they often fail on topology-critical visual details. To address this, we propose EdgeFlow that augments a VLM's original input with a deterministically extracted Canny edge map-acting as a structural prior-to improve flowchart-to-Mermaid conversion, without requiring annotated training data or domain-specific model f

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Metabook: A Mobile-to-Headset Pipeline for 3D Story Book Creation in Augmented Reality

Yibo Wang, Yuanyuan Mao, Lik-Hang Lee et al. · 2024 · arXiv

The AR 3D book has shown significant potential in enhancing students' learning outcomes. However, the creation process of 3D books requires a significant investment of time, effort, and specialized skills. Thus, in this paper, we first conduct a three-day workshop investigating how AI can support the automated creation of 3D books. Informed by the design insights derived from the workshop, we developed Metabook, a system that enables even novice users to create 3D books from text automatically. To our knowledge, Metabook is the first system to offer end-to-end 3D book generation. A follow-up s

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Acceleration of particles and shells by Reissner-Nordström naked singularities

Mandar Patil, Pankaj S. Joshi, Masashi Kimura et al. · 2011 · arXiv

We explore the Reissner-Nordström naked singularities with a charge $Q$ larger than its mass $M$ from the perspective of the particle acceleration. We first consider a collision between two test particles following the radial geodesics in the Reissner-Nordström naked singular geometry. An initially radially ingoing particle turns back due to the repulsive effect of gravity in the vicinity of naked singularity. Such a particle then collides with an another radially ingoing particle. We show that the center of mass energy of collision taking place at $r \approx M$ is unbound, in the limit where

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

RECAP: Regression Evaluation for Continual Adaptation of Prompts

Harsh Deshpande, Kushal Chawla, Sangwoo Cho et al. · 2026 · arXiv

Production agentic systems routinely face evolving constraints and must comply from the very next interaction. Scenarios like a tool-call notification changing a compliance threshold or a policy update adding disclosure requirements fit this criteria, having close to no room for errors in production. This proactive adaptation setting is common in deployment, but absent from current benchmarks, which assume either static constraint sets or reactive protocols with evaluation feedback. We introduce RECAP, a benchmark that measures continual-learning phenomena (forgetting, regression, forward tran

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Diving Deep into Context-Aware Neural Machine Translation

Jingjing Huo, Christian Herold, Yingbo Gao et al. · 2020 · arXiv

Context-aware neural machine translation (NMT) is a promising direction to improve the translation quality by making use of the additional context, e.g., document-level translation, or having meta-information. Although there exist various architectures and analyses, the effectiveness of different context-aware NMT models is not well explored yet. This paper analyzes the performance of document-level NMT models on four diverse domains with a varied amount of parallel document-level bilingual data. We conduct a comprehensive set of experiments to investigate the impact of document-level NMT. We

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

NLP Techniques for Water Quality Analysis in Social Media Content

Muhammad Asif Ayub, Khubaib Ahmad, Kashif Ahmad et al. · 2021 · arXiv

This paper presents our contributions to the MediaEval 2021 task namely "WaterMM: Water Quality in Social Multimedia". The task aims at analyzing social media posts relevant to water quality with particular focus on the aspects like watercolor, smell, taste, and related illnesses. To this aim, a multimodal dataset containing both textual and visual information along with meta-data is provided. Considering the quality and quantity of available content, we mainly focus on textual information by employing three different models individually and jointly in a late-fusion manner. These models includ

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

The ATLAS discovery potential for a heavy charged Higgs boson in gg->tbH^{+-} with H^{+-}->tb

K. A. Assamagan, N. Gollub · 2004 · arXiv

The feasibility of detecting a heavy charged Higgs boson, m(H^{+-})>m(t)+m(b), decaying in the H^{+-}->tb channel is studied with the fast simulation of the ATLAS detector. We study the gg->H^{+-}tb production process at the LHC which together with the aforementioned decay channel leads to four b-quarks in the final state. The whole production and decay chain reads gg->H^{+-}tb->t\bar{t}b\bar{b}->b\bar{b}b\bar{b}lν\bar{q}q'. Combinatorial background is a major difficulty in this multi-jet environment but can be overcome by employing multivariate techniques in the event reconstruction. Requirin

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Classical simulation of bosonic linear-optical random circuits beyond linear light cone

Changhun Oh, Youngrong Lim, Bill Fefferman et al. · 2021 · arXiv

Sampling from probability distributions of quantum circuits is a fundamentally and practically important task which can be used to demonstrate quantum supremacy using noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. In the present work, we examine classical simulability of sampling from the output photon-number distribution of linear-optical circuits composed of random beam splitters with equally distributed squeezed vacuum states and single-photon states input. We provide efficient classical algorithms to simulate linear-optical random circuits and show that the algorithms' error is exponentially sm

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Style Over Substance: Evaluation Biases for Large Language Models

Minghao Wu, Alham Fikri Aji · 2023 · arXiv

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance, accurately and comprehensively evaluating their performance becomes increasingly challenging. Ranking the relative performance of LLMs based on Elo ratings, according to human judgment, is gaining more popularity. However, the extent to which humans and LLMs are capable evaluators remains uncertain. This study investigates the behavior of crowd-sourced and expert annotators, as well as LLMs, when comparing outputs from different models. To achieve this, we curate a dataset of intentionally flawed machine-generated answers. Our findings revea

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Looking for a Handsome Carpenter! Debiasing GPT-3 Job Advertisements

Conrad Borchers, Dalia Sara Gala, Benjamin Gilburt et al. · 2022 · arXiv

The growing capability and availability of generative language models has enabled a wide range of new downstream tasks. Academic research has identified, quantified and mitigated biases present in language models but is rarely tailored to downstream tasks where wider impact on individuals and society can be felt. In this work, we leverage one popular generative language model, GPT-3, with the goal of writing unbiased and realistic job advertisements. We first assess the bias and realism of zero-shot generated advertisements and compare them to real-world advertisements. We then evaluate prompt

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Bias reduction of peer influence effects with latent coordinates and community membership

Daniel Rajchwald, Natasha Markuzon · 2016 · arXiv

The importance of peer influence on consumer actions plays a vital role in marketing efforts. However, peer influence effects are often confounded with latent homophily, which are unobserved commonalities that drive friendship. Understanding causality has become one of the pressing issues of current research. We present an approach to explicitly account for various causal influences. We implement a simulation framework to show the effectiveness of two latent homophily proxies, latent coordinates and community membership, in improving peer influence effect estimates on game downloads in a Japan

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Neutrino Indirect Detection of Neutralino Dark Matter in the CMSSM

V. Bertin, E. Nezri, J. Orloff · 2002 · arXiv

We study potential signals of neutralino dark matter indirect detection by neutrino telescopes in a wide range of CMSSM parameters. We also compare with direct detection potential signals taking into account in both cases present and future experiment sensitivities. Only models with neutralino annihilation into gauge bosons can satisfy cosmological constraints and current neutrino indirect detection sensitivities. For both direct and indirect detection, only next generation experiments will be able to really test this kind of models.

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Charm-quark Yukawa Coupling in $h\rightarrow c\bar{c}γ$ at LHC

Tao Han, Benjamin Nachman, Xing Wang · 2018 · arXiv

It is extremely challenging to probe the charm-quark Yukawa coupling at hadron colliders primarily due to the large Standard Model (SM) background (including $h\to b\bar b$) and the lack of an effective trigger for the signal $h\to c\bar c$. We examine the feasibility of probing this coupling at the LHC via a Higgs radiative decay $h\rightarrow c\bar{c}γ$. The existence of an additional photon in the final state may help for the signal identification and background suppression. Adopting a refined triggering strategy and utilizing basic machine learning, we find that a coupling limit of about 8

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Spontaneous baryogenesis with large misalignment

Maxim Krasnov, Ufuk Aydemir, Maxim Khlopov · 2025 · arXiv

We investigate the particle production by the Nambu-Goldstone boson in the spontaneous baryogenesis scenario for large misalignment angles. Studying numerically the case of an arbitrary initial phase, we reproduce the cubic dependence on the initial value of the phase of baryon asymmetry in the case of small oscillations and present our results for an initial phase close to π. Our calculations indicate that there is a saturation in particle production as the initial phase approaches π in Minkowski spacetime. Furthermore, we present numerical solutions in the Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Influence of a Minimal Length on the Creation of Scalar Particles

S. Haouat, K. Nouicer · 2013 · arXiv

In this paper we have studied the problem of scalar particles pair creation by an electric field in the presence of a minimal length. Two sets of exact solutions for the Klein Gordon equation are given in momentum space. Then the canonical method based on Bogoliubov transformation connecting the "in" with the "out" states is applied to calculate the probability to create a pair of particles and the mean number of created particles. The number of created particles per unit of time per unit of length, which is related directly to the experimental measurements, is calculated. It is shown that, wi

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Reflections from the 2024 Large Language Model (LLM) Hackathon for Applications in Materials Science and Chemistry

Yoel Zimmermann, Adib Bazgir, Zartashia Afzal et al. · 2024 · arXiv

Here, we present the outcomes from the second Large Language Model (LLM) Hackathon for Applications in Materials Science and Chemistry, which engaged participants across global hybrid locations, resulting in 34 team submissions. The submissions spanned seven key application areas and demonstrated the diverse utility of LLMs for applications in (1) molecular and material property prediction; (2) molecular and material design; (3) automation and novel interfaces; (4) scientific communication and education; (5) research data management and automation; (6) hypothesis generation and evaluation; and

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

An Eye on Clinical BERT: Investigating Language Model Generalization for Diabetic Eye Disease Phenotyping

Keith Harrigian, Tina Tang, Anthony Gonzales et al. · 2023 · arXiv

Diabetic eye disease is a major cause of blindness worldwide. The ability to monitor relevant clinical trajectories and detect lapses in care is critical to managing the disease and preventing blindness. Alas, much of the information necessary to support these goals is found only in the free text of the electronic medical record. To fill this information gap, we introduce a system for extracting evidence from clinical text of 19 clinical concepts related to diabetic eye disease and inferring relevant attributes for each. In developing this ophthalmology phenotyping system, we are also afforded

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Probing non-perturbative QCD aspects on particle production in pp collisions with forward-backward correlations using \texttt{PYTHIA8}

Rohit Agarwala, Kalyan Dey · 2025 · arXiv

We employ PYTHIA8 simulations to study forward-backward (FB) correlations in pp collisions at LHC energies, probing non-perturbative QCD dynamics via color reconnection (CR) and QCD radiation (ISR/FSR). Using \texttt{PYTHIA8} (v8.311) under ALICE/ATLAS kinematics, we analyze: extensive: FB multiplicity ($b_{\rm corr}^{\rm mult}$) and summed $p_{\rm T}$ ($b_{\rm corr}^{\sum p_{\rm T}}$) correlations; intensive: FB mean $p_{\rm T}$ ($b_{\rm corr}^{\overline p_{\rm T}}$) correlations; and \textit{strongly intensive:} $Σ_{\rm N_F N_B}$ quantity in symmetric pseudorapidity intervals, validated agai

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

When Youth Enter the Algorithmic Wild: Discovering and Understanding Potentially Harmful Teen Videos on Douyin and Kwai

Shaoxuan Zhou, Yafei Sun, Jing Zhang et al. · 2026 · arXiv

Short-video platforms like Douyin and Kwai have become central to adolescent digital life, but they also risk exposing teens to algorithmically amplified harmful content. Despite its societal importance, the scale, mechanisms, and real-world impact of this exposure remain poorly understood. Measuring it is challenging: recommendation feeds are personalized black boxes, harmful content employs sophisticated evasion tactics, and naive crawlers fail to replicate authentic teen behavior. To bridge this gap, we propose PHTV-Scout, the first large-scale, behaviorally grounded measurement framework f

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Toward Reliable Machine Unlearning: Theory, Algorithms, and Evaluation

Ali Ebrahimpour-Boroojeny · 2025 · arXiv

We propose new methodologies for both unlearning random set of samples and class unlearning and show that they outperform existing methods. The main driver of our unlearning methods is the similarity of predictions to a retrained model on both the forget and remain samples. We introduce Adversarial Machine UNlearning (AMUN), which surpasses prior state-of-the-art methods for image classification based on SOTA MIA scores. AMUN lowers the model's confidence on forget samples by fine-tuning on their corresponding adversarial examples. Through theoretical analysis, we identify factors governing AM

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

AnxietyFaceTrack: A Smartphone-Based Non-Intrusive Approach for Detecting Social Anxiety Using Facial Features

Nilesh Kumar Sahu, Snehil Gupta, Haroon R Lone · 2025 · arXiv

Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is a widespread mental health condition, yet its lack of objective markers hinders timely detection and intervention. While previous research has focused on behavioral and non-verbal markers of SAD in structured activities (e.g., speeches or interviews), these settings fail to replicate real-world, unstructured social interactions fully. Identifying non-verbal markers in naturalistic, unstaged environments is essential for developing ubiquitous and non-intrusive monitoring solutions. To address this gap, we present AnxietyFaceTrack, a study leveraging facial video

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

A Concurrent CNN-RNN Approach for Multi-Step Wind Power Forecasting

Syed Kazmi, Berk Gorgulu, Mucahit Cevik et al. · 2023 · arXiv

Wind power forecasting helps with the planning for the power systems by contributing to having a higher level of certainty in decision-making. Due to the randomness inherent to meteorological events (e.g., wind speeds), making highly accurate long-term predictions for wind power can be extremely difficult. One approach to remedy this challenge is to utilize weather information from multiple points across a geographical grid to obtain a holistic view of the wind patterns, along with temporal information from the previous power outputs of the wind farms. Our proposed CNN-RNN architecture combine

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Towards the Use of Neural Networks for Influenza Prediction at Multiple Spatial Resolutions

Emily L. Aiken, Andre T. Nguyen, Mauricio Santillana · 2019 · arXiv

We introduce the use of a Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) for influenza prediction at the state- and city-level in the US, and experiment with the inclusion of real-time flu-related Internet search data. We find that a GRU has lower prediction error than current state-of-the-art methods for data-driven influenza prediction at time horizons of over two weeks. In contrast with other machine learning approaches, the inclusion of real-time Internet search data does not improve GRU predictions.

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Hyperparameters in Continual Learning: A Reality Check

Sungmin Cha, Kyunghyun Cho · 2024 · arXiv

Continual learning (CL) aims to train a model on a sequence of tasks (i.e., a CL scenario) while balancing the trade-off between plasticity (learning new tasks) and stability (retaining prior knowledge). The dominantly adopted conventional evaluation protocol for CL algorithms selects the best hyperparameters (e.g., learning rate, mini-batch size, regularization strengths, etc.) within a given scenario and then evaluates the algorithms using these hyperparameters in the same scenario. However, this protocol has significant shortcomings: it overestimates the CL capacity of algorithms and relies

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Hidden Meanings in Plain Sight: RebusBench for Evaluating Cognitive Visual Reasoning

Seyed Amir Kasaei, Arash Marioriyad, Mahbod Khaleti et al. · 2026 · arXiv

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have achieved remarkable proficiency in explicit visual recognition, effectively describing what is directly visible in an image. However, a critical cognitive gap emerges when the visual input serves only as a clue rather than the answer. We identify that current models struggle with the complex, multi-step reasoning required to solve problems where information is not explicitly depicted. Successfully solving a rebus puzzle requires a distinct cognitive workflow: the model must extract visual and textual attributes, retrieve linguistic prior knowledge (suc

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Towards reproducible machine learning-based process monitoring and quality prediction research for additive manufacturing

Jiarui Xie, Mutahar Safdar, Andrei Mircea et al. · 2024 · arXiv

Machine learning (ML)-based cyber-physical systems (CPSs) have been extensively developed to improve the print quality of additive manufacturing (AM). However, the reproducibility of these systems, as presented in published research, has not been thoroughly investigated due to a lack of formal evaluation methods. Reproducibility, a critical component of trustworthy artificial intelligence, is achieved when an independent team can replicate the findings or artifacts of a study using a different experimental setup and achieve comparable performance. In many publications, critical information nec

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Negative / Null Result ReportOpen accessComputer Science

Dissecting Role Cognition in Medical LLMs via Neuronal Ablation

Xun Liang, Huayi Lai, Hanyu Wang et al. · 2025 · arXiv

Large language models (LLMs) have gained significant traction in medical decision support systems, particularly in the context of medical question answering and role-playing simulations. A common practice, Prompt-Based Role Playing (PBRP), instructs models to adopt different clinical roles (e.g., medical students, residents, attending physicians) to simulate varied professional behaviors. However, the impact of such role prompts on model reasoning capabilities remains unclear. This study introduces the RP-Neuron-Activated Evaluation Framework(RPNA) to evaluate whether role prompts induce disti

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